OBSERVACIONES

El método de Gauss requiere la aplicación de operaciones elementales hasta llegar a una matriz
triangular (no es única, dependiendo de como hagamos las operaciones pudiera salir otra
igualmente correcta), por otro lado, Gauss-Jordan continúa el proceso hasta obtener la forma
reducida por filas, su complejidad computacional es de aproximadamente n3, esto es, el número
de operaciones requeridas es del orden de de n3 si el tamaño de la matriz es n x n. Por lo tanto,
computacionalmente es mas efectivo el método de Gauss Jordan.

c= 1/4 0.25

EJERCICIO 1

0.5714285714 0.3636363636 0.266666667 0.2105263158 0.1739130435 1

0.3636363636 0.2666666667 0.210526316 0.1739130435 0.1481481481 2
0.2666666667 0.2105263158 0.173913043 0.1481481481 0.1290322581 3
0.2105263158 0.1739130435 0.148148148 0.1290322581 0.1142857143 4
0.1739130435 0.1481481481 0.129032258 0.1142857143 0.1025641026 5

EJERCICIO 2

GAUSS-JORDAN

0.5714285714 0.3636363636 0.266666667 0.2105263158 0.1739130435 1

0 0.0352619394 0.040829516 0.0399418856 0.0374763221 1.363637
0 0.040828134 0.04946771 0.0499018324 0.0478722581 2.53333
0 0.0399494071 0.049908148 0.0514743633 0.0502161491 3.6316
0 0.0374754209 0.047872258 0.0502120301 0.0496336678 4.69565

0.5714285714 0.3636363636 0.266666667 0.2105263158 0.1739130435 1

0 0.040828134 0.04946771 0.0499018324 0.0478722581 2.53333
0 0.0352619394 0.040829516 0.0399418856 0.0374763221 1.363637
0 0.0399494071 0.049908148 0.0514743633 0.0502161491 3.6316
0 0.0374754209 0.047872258 0.0502120301 0.0496336678 4.69565

0.5714285714 0.3636363636 0.266666667 0.2105263158 0.1739130435 1

0 0.040828134 0.04946771 0.0499018324 0.0478722581 2.53333
0 0 -0.001892777 -0.0031553329 -0.0038680749 -0.8242481212
0 0 0.001515866 0.0026573968 0.0033846339 1.1533445942
0 0 0.002467331 0.0044086352 0.0056931583 2.3703823929

0.5714285714 0.3636363636 0.266666667 0.2105263158 0.1739130435 1

0 0.040828134 0.04946771 0.0499018324 0.0478722581 2.53333
0 0 0.002467331 0.0044086352 0.0056931583 2.3703823929
 0 0 0.001515866 0.0026573968 0.0033846339 1.1533445942
0 0 -0.001892777 -0.0031553329 -0.0038680749 -0.8242481212

0.5714285714 0.3636363636 0.266666667 0.2105263158 0.1739130435 1

0 0.040828134 0.04946771 0.0499018324 0.0478722581 2.53333
0 0 0.002467331 0.0044086352 0.0056931583 2.3703823929
0 0 0 -4.002665E-05 -0.000098725 -0.2969738729
0 0 0 0.0002287355 0.0005019934 0.9952574036

0.5714285714 0.3636363636 0.266666667 0.2105263158 0.1739130435 1

0 0.040828134 0.04946771 0.0499018324 0.0478722581 2.53333
0 0 0.002467331 0.0044086352 0.0056931583 2.3703823929
0 0 0 0.0002287355 0.0005019934 0.9952574036
0 0 0 -0.00004 -0.0001 -0.2969738729

0.5714285714 0.3636363636 0.266666667 0.2105263158 0.1739130435 1

0 0.040828134 0.04946771 0.0499018324 0.0478722581 2.53333
0 0 0.002467331 0.0044086352 0.0056931583 2.3703823929
0 0 0 0.0002287355 0.0005019934 0.9952574036
0.0000 0 0 0 -3.929660E-06 -0.1007588758

0.5714285714 0.3636363636 0.266666667 0.2105263158 0.1739130435 1

0 0.040828134 0.04946771 0.0499018324 0.0478722581 2.53333
0 0 0.002467331 0.0044086352 0.0056931583 2.3703823929
0 0 0 0.0002287355 0.0005019934 0.9952574036
0 0 0 0 1 25643.61202

0.5714285714 0.3636363636 0.266666667 0.2105263158 2.01623657E-07 -4458.7585

0 0.040828134 0.04946771 0.0499018324 2.31260453E-06 -1225.0264
0 5.015472E-07 0.002467331 0.0044086352 3.16475464E-06 -143.5418
0 0 0 0.0002287355 0.00000199 -11.8265
0 0 0 0 1 25643.6120

0.5714285714 0.3636363636 0.266666667 0.2105263158 2.01623657E-07 -4458.7585229787

-1.904762E-06 0.040828134 0.04946771 0.0499018324 2.31260453E-06 -1225.0263773974
0 0 0.002467331 0.0044086352 3.16475464E-06 -143.5417700009
0 0 0 1 0 -52053.07518
0 0 0 0 1 25643.6120

0.5714285714 0.3636363636 0.266666667 0 0 6499.78383935

0 0.040828134 0.04946771 0 0 1372.4220740846
0 0 0.002467331 0 0 85.84805
0 0 0 1 0 -52053.07518
0 0 0 0 1 25643.612
0.5714285714 0.3636363636 0.266666667 0 0 6499.7838
0 0.04082813 0 0 0 1372.4221
0 0 1 0 0 34800.2661
0 0 0 1 0 -52053.0752
0 0 0 0 1 25643.6120

0.5713738639 0.3635821469 0 0 0 -2780.2987

0 0.0408180761 0 0 0 -349.1471
0 0 1 0 0 34800.2661
0 0 0 1 0 -52053.0752
0 0 0 0 1 25643.6120

0.571378247 0 0 0 0 329.2941
0 1 0 0 0 -8551.3803
0 0 1 0 0 34800.2661
0 0 0 1 0 -52053.0752
0 0 0 0 1 25643.6120

1 0 0 0 0 576.2647
0 1 0 0 0 -8551.3803
0 0 1 0 0 34800.2661
0 0 0 1 0 -52053.0752
0 0 0 0 1 25643.6120

LUEGO
X1= 576.2647
X2= -8551.3803
X3= 34800.2661
X4= -52053.0752
X5= 25643.6120

COMPROBACIÓN

329.29410343 -3109.592854 9280.070958 -10958.542143 4459.758612174 1

209.55079309 -2280.368093 7326.371809 -9052.708727 3799.053632593 2
153.6705816 -1800.290599 6052.22019 -7711.5666933 3308.853163871 3
121.31888021 -1487.196582 5155.594977 -6716.5258297 2930.698516571 4
100.21994452 -1266.871163 4490.356915 -5948.9228777 2630.114053333 5
 GAUSS

0.57142857 0.36363636 0.26666667

R2=R2-0.636363*R1 0 0.03526194 0.04082952
R3=R3-0.46667*R1 0 0.04082813 0.04946771
R4=R4-0.36842*R1 0 0.03994941 0.04990815
R5=R5-0.30435*R1 0 0.03747542 0.04787226

0.57142857 0.36363636 0.26666667

0 0.04082813 0.04946771
0 0.03526194 0.04082952
0 0.03994941 0.04990815
0 0.03747542 0.04787226

0.57142857 0.36363636 0.26666667

0 0.04082813 0.04946771
R2 <-> R3
0 0 -0.0018928
0 0 0.00151587
0 0 0.00246733

0.57142857 0.36363636 0.26666667

0 0.04082813 0.04946771
R3=R3-0.86364*R2 0 0 0.00246733
 R4=R4-0.97826*R2 0 0 0.00151587
R5=R5-0.91787*R2 0 0 -0.0018928

0.57142857 0.36363636 0.26666667

0 0.04082813 0.04946771
0 0 0.00246733
R3<->R5 0 0 0
0 0 0

0.57142857 0.36363636 0.26666667

0 0.04082813 0.04946771
0 0 0.00246733
R4=R4-0.61185*R3 0 0 0
R5=R5-0.76760*R3 0 0 0

0.57142857 0.36363636 0.26666667

0 0.04082813 0.04946771
0 0 0.00246733
0 0 0
R4<->R5
0 0 0

LUEGO
X1= 576
X2= -8551
X3= 34800
R5=R5+0.19715*R4 X4= -52053
X5= 25644

COMPROBACIÓN

329 -3110 9280

R5=-254474.65192*R5 210 -2280 7326
154 -1800 6052
R1=R1-0.1739130*R5 121 -1487 5156
R2=R2-0.04787*R5 100 -1267 4490
R3=R3-0.00569*R5
R4=R4-0.00050*R5
R5=-254474.65192*R5

R4=4389.68864*R4
R1=R1-0.21052632*R4
R2=R2-0.04990*R4
R3=R3-0.00441*R4

R3=405.37049*R3

R1=R1-0.266667*R3
R2=R2-0.04947*R3

R1=R1*1.75
0.21052632 0.17391304 1
0.03994189 0.03747632 1.363637 R2=R2-0.636363*R1
0.04990183 0.04787226 2.53333 R3=R3-0.46667*R1
0.05147436 0.05021615 3.6316 R4=R4-0.36842*R1
0.05021203 0.04963367 4.69565 R5=R5-0.30435*R1

0.21052632 0.17391304 1
0.04990183 0.04787226 2.53333
0.03994189 0.03747632 1.363637
0.05147436 0.05021615 3.6316
0.05021203 0.04963367 4.69565

0.21052632 0.17391304 1
0.04990183 0.04787226 2.53333
R2 <-> R3
-0.0031553 -0.0038681 -0.8242481
0.0026574 0.00338463 1.15334459
0.00440864 0.00569316 2.37038239

0.21052632 0.17391304 1
0.04990183 0.04787226 2.53333
0.00440864 0.00569316 2.37038239 R3=R3-0.86364*R2
 0.0026574 0.00338463 1.15334459 R4=R4-0.97826*R2
-0.0031553 -0.0038681 -0.8242481 R5=R5-0.91787*R2

0.21052632 0.17391304 1
0.04990183 0.04787226 2.53333
0.00440864 0.00569316 2.37038239
-4.0027E-05 -9.8725E-05 -0.2969739 R3<->R5
0.00022874 0.00050199 0.9952574

0.21052632 0.17391304 1
0.04990183 0.04787226 2.53333
0.00440864 0.00569316 2.37038239
0.00022874 0.00050199 0.9952574 R4=R4-0.61185*R3
-0.000040 -0.0001 -0.2969739 R5=R5-0.76760*R3

0.21052632 0.17391304 1
0.04990183 0.04787226 2.53333
0.00440864 0.00569316 2.37038239
0.00022874 0.00050199 0.9952574
R4<->R5
0 -3.9297E-06 -0.1007589

-10959 4460 1
-9053 3799 2
-7712 3309 3
-6717 2931 4
-5949 2630 5
 Metodo de Gauss-Seidel X1 X2 X3

Aprox: 0.02 0.57143 0.363636 0.2667

0.36364 0.266667 0.2105
ITERACIÓN x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 OBSERVACIÓN 0.26667 0.210526 0.1739
1 576 -8551 34800 -52053 25643 0.21053 0.173913 0.1481
2 576.30551983 -8550.55682794 34800.24838344 -52052.83653 25643.14059931 1.4060E-01 0.17391 0.148148 0.129
3 575.80457135 -8550.25453036 34800.40699731 -52052.73328 25643.23878592 9.8187E-02

4 575.4702578 -8550.04575443 34800.50608141 -52052.66994 25643.30887077 6.3337E-02

5 575.24649607 -8549.89909176 34800.56569172 -52052.63305 25643.36034437 3.6893E-02 LUEGO

6 575.09608909 -8549.7937089 34800.59913001 -52052.61367 25643.39950016 1.9380E-02 X1= 574.6891953

7 574.9943656 -8549.71578611 34800.61521843 -52052.60588 25643.43051127 7.7908E-03 X2= -8549.107363

8 574.92496191 -8549.65615545 34800.61980811 -52052.60575 25643.45614452 1.2923E-04 X3= 34800.27238

9 574.87702419 -8549.60873424 34800.6167797 -52052.61068 25643.47823412 3.0284E-03 X4= -52052.89227

10 574.84335295 -8549.56948614 34800.60870698 -52052.61894 25643.49799573 8.0727E-03 X5= 25643.81957

11 574.81917243 -8549.53573205 34800.59729693 -52052.62938 25643.51623481 1.0445E-02

12 574.80131433 -8549.50569308 34800.58368171 -52052.64126 25643.53348477 1.1873E-02

13 574.78767657 -8549.4781875 34800.56861217 -52052.65405 25643.55009862 1.2798E-02

14 574.77686418 -8549.45242964 34800.5525863 -52052.66744 25643.56630976 1.0812E-02

15 574.76795121 -8549.42789659 34800.5359344 -52052.68121 25643.58227226 8.9130E-03

16 574.76032283 -8549.40423978 34800.5188755 -52052.6952 25643.59808761 7.6284E-03

17 574.75357055 -8549.38122628 34800.50155489 -52052.70932 25643.61382244 6.7523E-03

18 574.74742274 -8549.35869995 34800.48406891 -52052.72351 25643.6295203 6.1478E-03

19 574.74169858 -8549.3365556 34800.46648146 -52052.73773 25643.64520944 5.7242E-03

20 574.73627752 -8549.31472188 34800.44883492 -52052.75195 25643.66090795 5.4211E-03

21 574.73107894 -8549.29314997 34800.43115738 -52052.76615 25643.67662726 5.1986E-03

22 574.72604879 -8549.27180598 34800.41346747 -52052.78032 25643.69237437 5.0302E-03

23 574.72115061 -8549.250666 34800.39577755 -52052.79446 25643.70815334 4.8982E-03

24 574.71635965 -8549.2297128 34800.37809581 -52052.80856 25643.72396633 4.7910E-03

25 574.71165894 -8549.20893357 34800.36042767 -52052.82262 25643.73981424 4.7007E-03

26 574.70703668 -8549.18831851 34800.34277673 -52052.83663 25643.75569717 4.6223E-03

27 574.70248452 -8549.16785985 34800.32514536 -52052.8506 25643.77161467 4.5522E-03

28 574.69799641 -8549.14755119 34800.30753513 -52052.86453 25643.78756595 4.4881E-03

29 574.69356783 -8549.1273871 34800.28994709 -52052.87842 25643.80355005 4.4286E-03

30 574.68919534 -8549.10736281 34800.27238191 -52052.89227 25643.81956586 4.3725E-03

31 574.68487615 -8549.08747401 34800.25484004 -52052.90607 25643.8356122 4.3192E-03

0.35 Convergencia del M

0.3

0.25

0.2
ERROR

0.15
 0.3

0.25

0.2

ERROR
0.15

0.1

0.05

0
0 5 10 15

Metodo de Gauss-S
 X4 X5 Metodo de Jacobi
0.21053 0.17391 1
0.17391 0.14815 2
0.14815 0.12903 3 ITERACIÓN x1 x2 x3 x4
0.12903 0.11429 4 1 576 -8551 34800 -52053

0.11429 0.10256 5 2 576.3055198286 -8550.1402100412 34801.253318683 -52051.4555501695

3 575.4702577962 -8550.0457544331 34800.5060814127 -52052.6699435392

4 575.246496074 -8549.8990917587 34800.5656917233 -52052.6330510246

5 575.0960890945 -8549.7937088953 34800.5991300125 -52052.6136709455

6 574.9943656049 -8549.7157861082 34800.6152184324 -52052.6058801458

7 574.9249619123 -8549.6561554475 34800.6198081122 -52052.6057509109

8 574.8770241893 -8549.6087342423 34800.616779704 -52052.6106789456

9 574.8433529536 -8549.5694861423 34800.608706977 -52052.6189376681

10 574.8191724268 -8549.5357320451 34800.5972969335 -52052.6293826037

11 574.8013143335 -8549.5056930799 34800.5836817086 -52052.6412553305

12 574.7876765701 -8549.4781874979 34800.5686121671 -52052.6540534502

13 574.7768641755 -8549.4524296383 34800.5525863028 -52052.6674443496

14 574.767951212 -8549.4278965948 34800.5359343973 -52052.6812080044

15 574.7603228349 -8549.4042397825 34800.5188755002 -52052.6951990457

16 574.7535705486 -8549.381226285 34800.5015548883 -52052.7093216021

17 574.7474227358 -8549.3586999521 34800.4840689095 -52052.7235126142

18 574.7416985818 -8549.3365555972 34800.4664814609 -52052.7377307687

19 574.736277515 -8549.3147218828 34800.4488349165 -52052.7519491605

20 574.7310789386 -8549.2931499675 34800.4311573757 -52052.7661504249

21 574.7260487865 -8549.2718059762 34800.4134674706 -52052.7803235111

22 574.7211506077 -8549.2506660032 34800.3957775536 -52052.7944615418

23 574.7163596509 -8549.2297127983 34800.3780958125 -52052.808560394

24 574.7116589421 -8549.2089335663 34800.3604276729 -52052.8226177587

25 574.7070366821 -8549.1883185075 34800.3427767282 -52052.8366325174

26 574.7024845196 -8549.1678598474 34800.3251453565 -52052.8506043287

27 574.697996406 -8549.1475511929 34800.3075351298 -52052.8645333548

28 574.6935678349 -8549.1273871038 34800.2899470854 -52052.8784200802

29 574.6891953377 -8549.1073628074 34800.272381906 -52052.8922651921

30 574.6848761482 -8549.0874740084 34800.2548400387 -52052.9060695015

31 574.6806079802 -8549.0677167617 34800.2373217746 -52052.9198338903

Convergencia del Método de Seidel y Jacobi

10 15 20 25 30 35

ITERACIÓN
Metodo de Gauss-Seidel Metodo de Jacobi
i X1 X2 X3 X4 X5

0.571428 0.3636363636 0.266667 0.210526316 0.173913043

0.363636364 0.2666667 0.210526316 0.173913043 0.148148148
x5 OBSERVACIÓN 0.2666667 0.210526316 0.173913043 0.148148148 0.129032258
25643 0.210526316 0.173913043 0.148148148 0.129032258 0.114285714
25644.7934287079 3.0552E-01 0.173913043 0.148148148 0.129032258 0.114285714 0.102564
25643.3088707685 9.4456E-02

25643.3603443662 3.6893E-02

25643.3995001647 1.9380E-02 LUEGO

25643.4305112676 7.7908E-03 X1= 574.6806079802

25643.4561445208 1.2923E-04 X2= -8549.0677167618

25643.4782341223 3.0284E-03 X3= 34800.237321775

25643.4979957338 8.0727E-03 X4= -52052.9198338904

25643.5162348098 1.0445E-02 X5= 25643.8516878665

25643.5334847663 1.1873E-02

25643.5500986185 1.2798E-02

25643.566309757 1.0812E-02

25643.5822722557 8.9130E-03

25643.5980876051 7.6284E-03

25643.6138224412 6.7523E-03

25643.6295203041 6.1478E-03

25643.6452094352 5.7242E-03

25643.6609079491 5.4211E-03

25643.676627262 5.1986E-03

25643.6923743656 5.0302E-03

25643.708153335 4.8982E-03

25643.7239663272 4.7910E-03

25643.739814244 4.7007E-03

25643.7556971705 4.6223E-03

25643.7716146655 4.5522E-03

25643.7875659541 4.4881E-03

25643.803550054 4.4286E-03

25643.8195658602 4.3725E-03

25643.8356121994 4.3192E-03

25643.8516878668 4.2682E-03

OBSERVACIONES

Tanto el método de Seidel como el de Jacobi son iterativos ya que, obtienen el resultado dando
aproximaciones a través de varias iteraciones, se observa que ambos métodos cumplen con su objetivo
después de repetir los pasos varias veces, requieren los mismos criteros, el primero, debe presentar una
matriz cuadrada, segundo, los elementos de la diagonal tienen que tener el coeficiente de mayor magnitud
de la ecuación y la diagonal no debe tener valores nulos, luego, considero que los dos métodos son
efectivos.
 Tanto el método de Seidel como el de Jacobi son iterativos ya que, obtienen el resultado dando
aproximaciones a través de varias iteraciones, se observa que ambos métodos cumplen con su objetivo
después de repetir los pasos varias veces, requieren los mismos criteros, el primero, debe presentar una
matriz cuadrada, segundo, los elementos de la diagonal tienen que tener el coeficiente de mayor magnitud
de la ecuación y la diagonal no debe tener valores nulos, luego, considero que los dos métodos son
efectivos.
1
2
3
4
5
 Interpolación de Lagrange

x y x=
-0.5 y= -3.2362
-6.5 10
-4 2.3
-1.5 -1.2
1 -8.5
3.5 -27

f(x1) f(x2) f(x3) f(x4) f(x5)

0.224 -0.35328 -0.96768 -3.0464 0.9072

Interpolación Diferencias Divididas de Newton

x y
-6.5 10
-4 2.3
-1.5 -1.2
1 -8.5
3.5 -27

a0
-6.5 10 a1
-3.08 a2
-4 2.3 0.336 a3
-1.4 -0.08533333 a4
-1.5 -1.2 -0.304 0.00064
-2.92 -0.07893333
1 -8.5 -0.896
-7.4
3.5 -27

Se obtiene la siguiente expresión:

�(𝑥)=10−3.08 (𝑥+6.5)+0.336 (𝑥+6.5)(𝑥+4)−0.085 (�+6.5)(�+4)(�+1.5)+0.00064 (�+6.5)(�+4)(�+1.5)(�−

Reemplazando
x -0.5
f(x) -3.2292

Interpolación con formula de Newton

x y 2 puntos 3 puntos 4 puntos

-6.5 10 -4.12 -3.664 -4.1376
 -4 2.3
-1.5 -1.2
1 -8.5
3.5 -27

X A(yo) A2(yo)
-0.5 -7.3 -3.8

Xo
-1.5

Ax
2.5

k
0.4

Yo
-1.2
grange

Con el objetivo de verificar

se realiza una linea de tend
coeficiente de correlació

VALOR REAL

LAGRANGE
didas de Newton

DIFERENCIAS DIVIDIDAS
NEWTON

DIFERENCIAS FINITAS
NEWTON

f(x) = - 0.0821333333x^3 - 0.65988

R² = 0.999993481

-8 -6 -4 -2
y

064 (�+6.5)(�+4)(�+1.5)(�−1)

a de Newton
A3(yo)
-7.4
 COMPARACIÓN

Con el objetivo de verificar los valores obtenidos por cada uno de los métodos de interpolación
se realiza una linea de tendencia que arrojó un tipo de regresión polinómica de tercer grado con
coeficiente de correlación de 1, se evaluó en esta formula el valor de x= - 0.5 y se obtuvo el
siguiente resultado

x -0.5
f(x) -3.2706

x -0.5 Como se observa el valor que se encuentra más cerca

al real es el obtenido por el método de Lagrange, por lo
f(x) -3.2362
tanto es el más efectivo, sin embargo, el método más
rapido considero es el de diferencias divididas de
x -0.5 Newton, sin embargo, no se obtiene un valor tan
f(x) -3.2292 cercano al real.

x -0.5
f(x) -4.1376

f (x)
15
10
0.0821333333x^3 - 0.6598857143x^2 - 3.0719238095x - 4.6517714286
999993481 5
0
-4 -2 0 2 4 6
-5
-10
-15
-20
-25

x -30