1) Modelación mediante PL: 2) Inecuaciones a ecuaciones:

��� � � = 5�1 + 17�2 + 30�3 �1 + 3�2 + 4�3 + S1 = 100

sujeto a �1 + 4�2 + 6�3 + S2 = 180
�1 + 3�2 + 4�3 ≤ 100 �1 + �2 + 4�3 + S3 = 60
�1 + 4�2 + 6�3 ≤ 180 �1, �2, �3, ≥ 0
�1 + �2 + 4�3 ≤ 60
�1, �2, �3, ≥ 0

3) Definir la tabla Simplex inicial:

max -f(x) + 5X1 + 17X2 + 30X3 + 0S1 + 0S2 + 0S3 = 0
suejeto a
0 f(x) + X1 + 3X2 + 4X3 + 1S1 + 0S2 + 0S3 = 100
0 f(x) + X1 + 4X2 + 6X3 + 0S1 + 1S2 + 0S3 = 180
0 f(x) + X1 + X2 + 4X3 + 0S1 + 0S2 + 1S3 = 60

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 X3 S1 S2

R0 -f(x) 1 5 17 30 0 0
R1 S1 0 1 3 4 1 0
R2 S2 0 1 4 6 0 1
R3 S3 0 1 1 4 0 0

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 X3 S1 S2

-f(x) 1 -2.5 9.5 0 0 0
S1 0 0 2 0 1 0
S2 0 -0.5 2.5 0 0 1
X3 0 0.25 0.25 1 0 0

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 X3 S1 S2

-f(x) 1 -2.5 0 0 -4.75 0
X2 0 0 1 0 0.5 0
S2 0 -0.5 0 0 -1.25 1
X3 0 0.25 0 1 -0.125 0

SOLUCIÓN ÓPTIMA
f(x) = 640
X1 = 0
X2 = 20
 X3 = 10
S2 = 40

Los valores de X1, X2 y X3 obtenidos en esta solución son los requeridos para maximizar f(x)
S3 Solución
0 0 b/a
0 100 25
0 180 30
1 60 15

S3 Solución
-7.5 -450 b/a R0N= -30R3N+R0
-1 40 20 R1N= -4R3N+R1
-1.5 90 36 R2N= -6R3N+R2
0.25 15 60 R3N= R3/4

S3 Solución
-2.75 -640 R0N=-9.5R1N+R0
-0.5 20 R1N=R1/2
-0.25 40 R2N=-2.5R1N+R2
0.375 10 R3N=-0.25R1N+R3
 1) Modelación mediante PL: 2) Inecuaciones a ecu

��� � � = 280�1 + 40�2 + 500�3 + 510�4

sujeto a
30�1 + 5�2 + 45�3 + 60�4 ≤ 300
20�1 + 8�2 + 60�3 + 30�4 ≤ 180
10�1 + 20�2 + 10�3 + 120�4 ≤ 300
�1, �2, �3, �4 ≥ 0

3) Definir la tabla Simplex inicial:

max -f(x) + 280X1 + 40X2 +500X3 + 510X4 + 0S1 + 0S2 + 0S3 = 0

sujeto a
0 f(x) + 30X1 + 5X2 + 45X3 + 60X4 + 1S1 + 0S2 + 0S3 = 300
0 f(x) + 20X1 + 8X2 + 60X3 + 30X4 + 0S1 + 1S2 + 0S3 = 180
0 f(x) + 10X1 + 20X2 + 10X3 + 120X4 + 0S1 + 0S2 + 1S3 = 300

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 X3 X4 S1

R0 -f(x) 1 280 40 500 510 0
R1 S1 0 30 5 45 60 1
R2 S2 0 20 8 60 30 0
R3 S3 0 10 20 10 120 0

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 X3 X4 S1

R0 -f(x) 1 237.5 -45 457.5 0 0
R1 S1 0 25 -5 40 0 1
R2 S2 0 17.5 3 57.5 0 0
R3 X4 0 0.083333333 0.1666666667 0.08333333 1 0

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 X3 X4 S1

R0 -f(x) 1 98.26086957 -68.8695652174 0 0 0
R1 S1 0 12.82608696 -7.0869565217 0 0 1
R2 X3 0 0.304347826 0.052173913 1 0 0
R3 X4 0 0.057971014 0.1623188406 0 1 0

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 X3 X4 S1

R0 -f(x) 1 0 -14.5762711864 0 0 -7.6610169
R1 X1 0 1 -0.5525423729 0 0 0.0779661
R2 X3 0 0 0.2203389831 1 0 -0.0237288
R3 X4 0 0 0.1943502825 0 1 -0.0045198

SOLUCIÓN ÓPTIMA
f(x) = 2700
X1 = 6
X2 = 0
X3 = 0
X4= 2

Los valores de X1, X2, x3 y X4 obtenidos en esta solución son los requeridos para maximizar f(x)
2) Inecuaciones a ecuaciones:
30�1 + 5�2 + 45�3 + 60�4 + S1 = 300
20�1 + 8�2 + 60�3 + 30�4 + S2 = 180
10�1 + 20�2 + 10�3 + 120�4 S3 = 300
�1, �2, �3, �4 ≥ 0

S2 S3 Solución
0 0 0 b/a
0 0 300 5
1 0 180 6
0 1 300 2.5

S2 S3 Solución
0 -4.25 -1275 b/a R0N=-510R3N+R0
0 -0.5 150 3.75 R1N=-60R3N+R1
1 -0.25 105 1.82608696 R2N=-30R3N+R2
0 0.00833333 2.5 30 R3N=R3/120

S2 S3 Solución
-7.9565217 -2.2608696 -2110.4348 b/a R0N=-457.5R2N+R0
-0.6956522 -0.326087 76.9565217 6 R1N=-40R2N+R1
0.0173913 -0.0043478 1.82608696 6 R2N=R2/57.5
-0.0014493 0.00869565 2.34782609 40.5 R3N=-0.08333R2N+R3

S2 S3 Solución
-2.6271186 0.23728814 -2700 R0N=-98.26R1N+R0
-0.0542373 -0.0254237 6 R1N=R1/12.82
0.03389831 0.00338983 0 R2N=-.3043R1N+R2
 0.00169492 0.01016949 2 R3N=-.05R1N+R3

os para maximizar f(x)

 1) 2)
�����=�1+5�2 f(x)= X1 + 5X2 -100a1
������� sujeto a
3�1+4�2≤6 3X1 + 4X2 + S1 = 6
�1+3�2≥2 X1 + 3X2 - S2 + a1 = 2
�1,�2≥0 �1,�2≥0

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 S1 S2 a1

-f(x) 1 1 5 0 0 -100
S1 0 3 4 1 0 0
S2 0 1 3 0 -1 1

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 S1 S2 a1

R0 -f(x) 1 101 305 0 -100 0
R1 S1 0 3 4 1 0 0
R2 a1 0 1 3 0 -1 1

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 S1 S2 a1

R0 -f(x) 1 -0.6666667 0 0 1.66666667 -101.66667
R1 S1 0 1.66666667 0 1 1.33333333 -1.3333333
R2 X2 0 0.33333333 1 0 -0.3333333 0.33333333

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 S1 S2 a1

R0 -f(x) 1 -2.75 0 -1.25 0 -100
R1 S2 0 1.25 0 0.75 1 -1
R2 X2 0 0.75 1 0.25 0 0

SOLUCIÓN ÓPTIMA
f(x) = 7.5
X1 = 0
X2 = 1.5
S2 = 2.5
a1= 0
S1= 0
Solución
0 b/a
6
2

Solución
200 b/a R0N=R0-100R2
6 1.5
2 0.66666667

Solución
-3.3333333 b/a R0N=-305R2N+R0
3.33333333 2.5 R1N=-4R2N+R1
0.66666667 -2 R2N=R2/3

Solución
-7.5 b/a R0N=-1.66R1N+R0
2.5 R1N=R1/1.33
1.5 R2N=.33R1N-R2
1) �����=3�1+�2 2) min f(x)= 3X1 + X2 + 100 a1 + 100 a1
������� sujeto a
�1−2�2≥2 X1 - 2X2 - S1 + a1 = 2
�1+�2≥3 X1 + X2 - S2 + a2 = 3
�1,�2≥0 �1,�2, S1, S2, A1, A2=+0

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 S1 S2 a1

R0 -f(x) 1 3 1 0 0 100
R1 ? 0 1 -2 -1 0 1
R2 ? 0 1 1 0 -1 0

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 S1 S2 a1

R0 -f(x) 1 -97 201 100 0 0
R1 a1 0 1 -2 -1 0 1
R2 ? 0 1 1 0 -1 0

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 S1 S2 a1

R0 -f(x) 1 -97 -99 0 100 100
R1 a1 0 1 -2 -1 0 1
R2 a2 0 1 1 0 -1 0

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 S1 S2 a1

R0 -f(x) 1 0 -293 -97 100 197
R1 X1 0 1 -2 -1 0 1
R2 a2 0 0 -3 -1 1 1

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 S1 S2 a1

R0 -f(x) 1 0 0 0.66666667 2.33333333 99.3333333
R1 X1 0 1 0 -0.3333333 -0.6666667 0.33333333
R2 X2 0 0 1 0.33333333 -0.3333333 -0.3333333

SOLUCIÓN ÓPTIMA
f(x) = 8.33
X1 = 2.66
X2 = 0.33
S2 = 0
a2= 0
a1= 0
S1= 0
a2 Solución
100 0 b/a
0 2
1 3

a2 Solución
100 -200 b/a R0N=-100R1+R0
0 2
1 3

a2 Solución
0 -300 b/a R0N=-100R2+R0
0 2 2
1 3 3

a2 Solución
0 -106 b/a R0N=97R1N+R0
0 2 -1
-1 -1 0.33333333 R2N=R1N-R2

a2 Solución
97.6666667 -8.3333333 b/a R0N=293R2N+R0
0.66666667 2.66666667 R1N=2R2N+R1
0.33333333 0.33333333 R2N=R2/3
 1) 2)
��� � � = 0.2�1 + 0.08�2 min f(x)= 0.2X1 + 0.08X2 + 100a1 + 100a2 + 100 a3 + 100a4
sujeto a sujeto a
0.1�1 + 0�2 ≥ 0.4 0.1X1 + 0X2 - S1 + a1 = 0.4
0�1 + 0.1�2 ≥ 0.6 0X1 + 0.1X2 - S2 + a2 = 0.6
0.1�1 + 0.2�2 ≥ 2 0.1X1 + 0.2X2 -S3 + a3 = 2
0.2�1 + 0.1�2 ≥ 1.7 0.2X1 + 0.1X2 -S4 + a4 = 1.7
�1 ≥ 0 X1, X2, S1, S2, S3, S4, a1, a2, a3, a4 >=0
�2 ≥ 0

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 S4

R0 -f(x) 1 0.2 0.08 0 0 0 0
R1 ? 0 0.1 0 -1 0 0 0
R2 ? 0 0 0.1 0 -1 0 0
R3 ? 0 0.1 0.2 0 0 -1 0
R4 ? 0 0.2 0.1 0 0 0 -1

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 S4

R0 -f(x) 1 -9.8 0.08 100 0 0 0
R1 a1 0 0.1 0 -1 0 0 0
R2 ? 0 0 0.1 0 -1 0 0
R3 ? 0 0.1 0.2 0 0 -1 0
R4 ? 0 0.2 0.1 0 0 0 -1

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 S4

R0 -f(x) 1 -9.8 -9.92 100 100 0 0
R1 a1 0 0.1 0 -1 0 0 0
R2 a2 0 0 0.1 0 -1 0 0
R3 ? 0 0.1 0.2 0 0 -1 0
R4 ? 0 0.2 0.1 0 0 0 -1

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 S4

R0 -f(x) 1 -19.8 -29.92 100 100 100 0
R1 a1 0 0.1 0 -1 0 0 0
R2 a2 0 0 0.1 0 -1 0 0
R3 a3 0 0.1 0.2 0 0 -1 0
R4 ? 0 0.2 0.1 0 0 0 -1

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 S4

R0 -f(x) 1 -39.8 -39.92 100 100 100 100
R1 a1 0 0.1 0 -1 0 0 0
R2 a2 0 0 0.1 0 -1 0 0
R3 a3 0 0.1 0.2 0 0 -1 0
R4 a4 0 0.2 0.1 0 0 0 -1

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 S4

R0 -f(x) 1 -39.8 0 100 -299.2 100 100
R1 a1 0 0.1 0 -1 0 0 0
R2 X2 0 0 1 0 -10 0 0
R3 a3 0 0.1 0 0 2 -1 0
R4 a4 0 0.2 0 0 1 0 -1

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 S4

R0 -f(x) 1 -24.84 0 100 0 -49.6 100
R1 a1 0 0.1 0 -1 0 0 0
R2 X2 0 0.5 1 0 0 -5 0
R3 S2 0 0.05 0 0 1 -0.5 0
R4 a4 0 0.15 0 0 0 0.5 -1

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 S4

R0 -f(x) 1 -9.96 0 100 0 0 0.8
R1 a1 0 0.1 0 -1 0 0 0
R2 X2 0 2 1 0 0 0 -10
R3 S2 0 0.2 0 0 1 0 -1
R4 S3 0 0.3 0 0 0 1 -2

Var. Bás. -f(x) X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 S4

R0 -f(x) 1 0 0 0.4 0 0 0.8
R1 X1 0 1 0 -10 0 0 0
R2 X2 0 0 1 20 0 0 -10
R3 S2 0 0 0 2 1 0 -1
R4 S3 0 0 0 3 0 1 -2

SOLUCIÓN ÓPTIMA
-f(x)= 1.52
X1= 4
X2= 9
S1= 0
S2= 0.3
S3= 0.2
S4= 0
a1= 0
a2= 0
a3= 0
a4= 0
a1 a2 a3 a4 Solución
100 100 100 100 0 b/a
1 0 0 0 0.4
0 1 0 0 0.6
0 0 1 0 2
0 0 0 1 1.7

a1 a2 a3 a4 Solución
0 100 100 100 -40 b/a
1 0 0 0 0.4 R0N=-100R1+R0
0 1 0 0 0.6
0 0 1 0 2
0 0 0 1 1.7

a1 a2 a3 a4 Solución
0 0 100 100 -100 b/a R0N=-100R2+R0
1 0 0 0 0.4
0 1 0 0 0.6
0 0 1 0 2
0 0 0 1 1.7

a1 a2 a3 a4 Solución
0 0 0 100 -300 b/a
1 0 0 0 0.4 R0N=-100R3+R0
0 1 0 0 0.6
0 0 1 0 2
0 0 0 1 1.7

a1 a2 a3 a4 Solución
0 0 0 0 -470 b/a R0N=-100R4+R0
1 0 0 0 0.4 #DIV/0!
0 1 0 0 0.6 6
0 0 1 0 2 10
 0 0 0 1 1.7 17

a1 a2 a3 a4 Solución
0 399.2 0 0 -230.48 b/a R0N=39.92R2N+R0
1 0 0 0 0.4 #DIV/0!
0 10 0 0 6 -0.6 R2N=R2/0.1
0 -2 1 0 0.8 0.4 R3N=-0.2R2N+R3
0 -1 0 1 1.1 1.1 R4N=-0.1R2N+R4

a1 a2 a3 a4 Solución
0 100 149.6 0 -110.8 b/a R0N=299.2R3N+R0
1 0 0 0 0.4 #DIV/0!
0 0 5 0 10 -2 R2N=10R3N+R2
0 -1 0.5 0 0.4 -0.8 R3N=R3/2
0 0 -0.5 1 0.7 1.4 R4N=-R3N+R4

a1 a2 a3 a4 Solución
0 100 100 99.2 -41.36 b/a R0N=49.6R4N+R0
1 0 0 0 0.4 4
0 0 0 10 17 8.5 R2N=5R4N+R2
0 -1 0 1 1.1 5.5 R3N=0.5R4N+R3
0 0 -1 2 1.4 4.66666667 R4N=R4/0.5

a1 a2 a3 a4 Solución
99.6 100 100 99.2 -1.52 b/a R0N=9.96R1N+R0
10 0 0 0 4 R1N=R1/0.1
-20 0 0 10 9 R2N=-2R1N+R2
-2 -1 0 1 0.3 R3N=-0.2R1N+R3
-3 0 -1 2 0.2 R4N=-0.3R1N+R4