MÉTODO MATRICIAL

Teniendo como ayuda la aparición de triángulos equiláteros en nuestro reticulado denotamos y

luego descomponemos dichas fuerzas:
 En primer lugar garantizamos que nuestro reticulado sea estáticamente determinado:

b = 2n-3

7 = 2(5)-3………. isostático

∑ 𝐹𝑥1 = 𝑃𝑥1 + 𝐹1 + 𝐹3 cos 60 − 𝑅𝑥1 = 0 → ∑ 𝐹𝑥1 = 𝑃𝑥1 + 𝐹1 + 0.5𝐹3 − 𝑅𝑥1 = 0

∑ 𝐹𝑦1 = 𝑃𝑦1 − 𝐹3 sen 60 + 𝑅𝑦1 = 0 → ∑ 𝐹𝑦1 = 𝑃𝑦1 − 0.866𝐹3 + 𝑅𝑦1 = 0

∑ 𝐹𝑥2 = 𝑃𝑥2 − 𝐹1 + 𝐹2 − 𝐹4 cos 60 + 𝐹5 cos 60 = 0 → ∑ 𝐹𝑥2 = 𝑃𝑥2 − 𝐹1 + 𝐹2 − 0.5𝐹4 + 0.5𝐹5 = 0

∑ 𝐹𝑦2 = 𝑃𝑦2 − 𝐹4 sen 60 − 𝐹5 sen 60 = 0 → ∑ 𝐹𝑦2 = 𝑃𝑦2 − 0.866𝐹4 − 0.866𝐹5 = 0

∑ 𝐹𝑥3 = 𝑃𝑥3 − 𝐹2 − 𝐹6 cos 60 = 0 → ∑ 𝐹𝑥3 = 𝑃𝑥3 − 𝐹2 − 0.5𝐹6 = 0

∑ 𝐹𝑦3 = 𝑃𝑦3 − 𝐹6 sen 60 + 𝑅𝑦3 = 0 → ∑ 𝐹𝑦3 = 𝑃𝑦3 − 0.866𝐹6 + 𝑅𝑦3 = 0

∑ 𝐹𝑥4 = 𝑃𝑥4 + 𝐹7 − 𝐹3 cos 60 + 𝐹4 cos 60 = 0 → ∑ 𝐹𝑥4 = 𝑃𝑥4 + 𝐹7 − 0.5𝐹3 + 0.5𝐹4 = 0

∑ 𝐹𝑦4 = 𝑃𝑦4 + 𝐹3 sen 60 + 𝐹4 sen 60 = 0 → ∑ 𝐹𝑦4 = 𝑃𝑦4 + 0.866𝐹3 + 0.866𝐹4 = 0

∑ 𝐹𝑥5 = 𝑃𝑥5 − 𝐹7 − 𝐹5 cos 60 + 𝐹6 cos 60 = 0 → ∑ 𝐹𝑥5 = 𝑃𝑥5 − 𝐹7 − 0.5𝐹5 + 0.5𝐹6 = 0

∑ 𝐹𝑦5 = 𝑃𝑦5 + 𝐹5 sen 60 + 𝐹6 sen 60 = 0 → ∑ 𝐹𝑦5 = 𝑃𝑦5 + 0.866𝐹5 + 0.866𝐹6 = 0

Formamos la expresión matricial:

𝑃𝑥1 𝐹1
1 0 0.5 0 0 0 0 −1 0 0 0
𝑃𝑦1 𝐹
0 0 −0.866 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 0
𝑃𝑥2 −1 1 0 −0.5 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 𝐹 3 0
𝑃𝑦2 0 0 0 −0.866 −0.866 0 0 0 0 0 𝐹4 0
𝑃𝑥3 0 −1 0 0 0 −0.5 0 0 0 0 𝐹5 0
𝑃𝑦3 + 0 0 0 0 0 −0.866 0 0 0 1 𝐹6 = 0
𝑃𝑥4 0 0 −0.5 0.5 0 0 1 0 0 0 𝐹7 0
𝑃𝑦4 0 0 0.866 0.866 0 0 0 0 0 0 𝑅 𝑥1 0
𝑃𝑥5 0 0 0 0 −0.5 0.5 −1 0 0 0 𝑅𝑦1 0
{𝑃𝑦5 }
(0 0 0 0 0.866 0.866 0 0 0 0) (𝑅𝑦3 ) (0)

{𝑃} + [𝐴]{𝐹} = 0
{𝑃} = −[𝐴]{𝐹}

Hacemos: [𝐵] = −[𝐴]

Entonces: {𝑃} = [𝐵]{𝐹}

 {𝐹} = [𝐵]−1 {𝑃}

Tenemos que:
1 0 0.5 0 0 0 0 −1 0 0
0 0 −0.866 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
−1 1 0 −0.5 0.5 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 −0.866 −0.866 0 0 0 0 0
0 −1 0 0 0 −0.5 0 0 0 0
𝐴=
0 0 0 0 0 −0.866 0 0 0 1
0 0 −0.5 0.5 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0.866 0.866 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 −0.5 0.5 −1 0 0 0
(0 0 0 0 0.866 0.866 0 0 0 0)

Hacemos el cálculo de las operaciones matriciales para esto nos apoyamos de una calculadora de
operaciones matriciales online https://matrixcalc.org/es/:

Como se observa es sumamente fácil de ingresar los datos y realizar cualquier operación, con ello
calculamos lo que necesitamos:

1. [𝐵] = −[𝐴]
 2. [𝐵]−1
0 0 1 0.289 1 0 0.75 0.433 0.75 0.144
0 0 0 0.289 1 0 0.25 0.144 0.25 0.433
0 0 0 −0.577 0 0 0.5 −0.866 0.5 −0.289
0 0 0 0.577 0 0 −0.5 −0.289 −0.5 0.289
0 0 0 0.577 0 0 0.5 0.289 0.5 −0.289
0 0 0 −0.577 0 0 −0.5 −0.289 −0.5 −0.433
0 0 0 −0.577 0 0 −0.5 −0.289 0.5 −0.289
1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
0 −1 0 −0.5 0 0 0.433 −0.75 0.433 −0.25
(0 0 0 0.5 0 1 −0.433 −0.25 −0.433 −0.75 )

Reemplazamos los valores de {P}:

𝑃𝑥1 = 0
𝑃𝑦1 = 0
𝑃𝑥2 = 6
𝑃𝑦2 = −8
𝑃𝑥3 = 0
𝑃𝑦3 = 6
𝑃𝑥4 = 0
𝑃𝑦4 = 0
𝑃𝑥5 = 0
𝑃𝑦5 = 0
 𝐹1 0 0 1 0.289 1 0 0.75 0.433 0.75 0.144 0
𝐹2 0 0 0 0.289 1 0 0.25 0.144 0.25 0.433 0
𝐹3 0 0 0 −0.577 0 0 0.5 −0.866 0.5 −0.289 6
𝐹4 0 0 0 0.577 0 0 −0.5 −0.289 −0.5 0.289 −8
𝐹5 0 0 0 0.577 0 0 0.5 0.289 0.5 −0.289 0
𝐹6 = 0 0 0 −0.577 0 0 −0.5 −0.289 −0.5 −0.433 6
𝐹7 0 0 0 −0.577 0 0 −0.5 −0.289 0.5 −0.289 0
𝑅𝑥1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
𝑅𝑦1 0 −1 0 −0.5 0 0 0.433 −0.75 0.433 −0.25 0
(𝑅𝑦3 ) (0 0 0 0.5 0 1 −0.433 −0.25 −0.433 −0.75 ) { 0 }

𝐹1 3.688
𝐹2 −2.312
𝐹3 4.616
𝐹4 −4.616
𝐹5 −4.616
𝐹6 = 4.616
𝐹7 4.616
𝑅𝑥1 6.000
𝑅𝑦1 4.000
(𝑅𝑦3 ) ( 10.000 )

el signo menos indica compresión y el signo positivo indica tensión