Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
p ∼p
V
V V
V F
F V
F F
1.2 ¿Qué caracteriza cada una de las siguientes clases de fórmulas? Propón un ejemplo
para cada una.
Tautología
Contradicción
Contingencia
1.3 Mediante la tabla de verdad, determina si las siguientes fórmulas son tautológicas,
contradictorias o contingentes.
a)
( p ∧ q ) → ∼ r . ∨. p → [ r → ( p ↔ ∼ q )]
b)
( p ↔ q ) ∧ [ ( ~ r ∨ s ) → ~ p ] .→ . q → p
c)
∼[ p → ( q ∧ r ) . ∨ . ( p ∧ r . → . r ∧ ∼q ) ]
d)
∼ [ ( p ∨ ∼ r ) ∨ q ] ∧ [ ( ∼ q ∧ r ) ↔ ( r → p) ]
1
e)
[∼ p .→. (q ∧ ∼ r) ∨ p] ↔ ∼ [ (r ∧ ∼ p) ∧ (p ∨ ∼ q)]
f)
~ [ ~ ( q ∨ ~ p ) ↔ ( p ∧ r ) . ∧ . ~ (~ q → r)]
2. MÉTODO ABREVIADO
2.2 ∼ ( q → p ) ∧ ( r ↔ s . ∨ . t ) . → . q
2.3 ( p → q ) ∧ ( p ∧ ~ r ) ∧ ( ~ s → r ) . → . q ∧ s
2.4 ( q → p ) ∧ ( r → p ) ∧ ( q ∨ s ) .→. p ∨ s
2.5 ∼ [ ( p ∨ ∼ r ) ∨ q ] ∧ [ ( ∼ q ∧ r ) ↔ ( r → p ) ]
2.6 [ p ∧ ( s ↔ q ) ] → [ q → ( r ∨ s ) ]
2.8 [ ( p ∨ q ) → ∼ (∼ s ∧ r ) ] ∧ ∼ ( r → s ) .→. ∼ p
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2.9 ( p → r ) ∧ ( q → s ) .→. ( p ∧ q ) → ( r ∧ s )
2.10 [ ∼ ( q → p ) ∧ t ] → ( r ∨ s . ↔ . t )
2.11 [ ( t ∧ r) ↔ ( p → s ) ] ∧ [ ( q ↔ s ) ∧ ∼ ( p ∨ t ) ]
2.13 [ ( r → s ) ↔ ( q → p ) ] ∧ ∼ [ ( q → s ) v ( r → p ) ]
2.14 ( p ↔ q ) ∧ [ ( ~ r ∨ s ) → ~ p ] .→ . q → p
2.15 ( ~ p → q ) ∧ ( ~ p → r ) . → . p ∨ ( q ∧ r )
2.16 ( p ∧ q ) → ∼ p .→. p → [ q → ( p ∧ ∼ q ) ]
2.17 [ ( s ∧ p ) ∨ ( s ↔ ∼ r ) ] ∧ ∼ [ ( r → q ) → ( s ∨ q ) ]
2.18 [ ( p → s ) ∧ ( q ↔ r ) ] → [ ( p → q ) ∨ ( r ↔ s ) ]
2.19 ( q ∨ r ) → ( p ↔ s ) .→. s → ( p ∨ t )
2.20 ∼ [ ( p ↔ q ) → ( r ∨ ∼ s ) ] ∧ ∼ [ ( p ∨ r ) → ∼ s ]
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2.21 ∼ (p ∨ ∼ q) ∧ [ ∼ p → (r → s) ] ∧ (q → ∼ s) .→. t ∨ ∼ r
2.22 [ ( p ∧ t ) ↔ ( q → s ) ] ∧ ∼ [ ( s → p ) ∨ ( r ∧ q ) ]
2.23 𝐩 → 𝐫 ∧ ~𝐬 ∨ 𝐩 ↔∼𝐬 ∨ ~𝐫 ↔𝐪 → 𝐬∨ 𝐪
2.24 ~ 𝐬 ∧~𝐪 → 𝐫 ↔𝐩 ∧ 𝐪 → 𝐫 → ~𝐬 ∨ 𝐩
2.25 ∼𝐩 → 𝐬 ↔ 𝐫 ∧ ∼𝐪 ∧ ∼ 𝐩 → 𝐬↔∼𝐪
2.26 ∼ ∼𝐪 → 𝐬 ∧ ∼𝐩 ↔ 𝐫 .∨ . 𝐬 → 𝐫 → 𝐩 ∨∼𝐬
2.29 ∼ 𝐩∧𝐪 ∨ ~ ∼𝐫 ↔𝐬 . →. 𝐩 → 𝐪 ↔ 𝐫 ∨ 𝐪
2.30 𝐫 .→ . 𝐬 ∧ 𝐭 → ~ 𝐩 ↔ 𝐪 .∧. ∼ [ ( 𝐪 → 𝐫) ∨ ∼ 𝐩 ]
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2.33 ∼ ( p ∨ ∼ q .↔. r ) → [ q → (∼ r ∧ p)]
2.35 p ∨ ( q ∧ r ) .→. ∼ p ↔ ∼ r
2.36 q → ( p ∨ r ) .↔. p ∨ ( ∼ r → ∼ q )
2.37 ( p → ∼ q ) ∧ ∼ r .↔. (∼ p → r ) ∧ ( q ∨ r )
2.38 p → ( r ∨ q ) . ↔. ( q → p ) ∧ ( r ∧ ∼ p )
2.39 (∼ p → q ) → ∼ r . ∨. q ∧ ( r ∧ p )
2.40 p ∧ [ q ↔ ( t ↔ s ) ] . →. ( ∼ q ↔ s ) ∨ ( r → t )
2.41 p ∧ [ r ↔ (t ↔ s ) ] .→. ( ∼ q ∧ s) ∨ (r → t )