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Solucionario de Termodinamica PDF
Solucionario de Termodinamica PDF
1) CONCEPTOS GENERALES
SISTEMA TERMODINAMICO
sistema termodinámico ! "#$ % &! "$'
"!("$ !!# )*$ ( !+ ! )($ ,"(!+ $
(" !+) $ *$ "$-")$'
CLASFICACION:
ÿ "("! $+%%!%$")(*""(""0&)$$$'
2(!$ )! $ & 0 ) $ )""
&0" !$/")"(03 "*.")4)$($)$" %!$
")(*"$ 0& )!$&/") )"*!+ 5 % $ 6"-" $
")(*"0&/$( *2$'
ÿ "( *"$' )! ")!5 ! (5$& "( %
$*# ! #" )$" "' $ 2(!$+ #6&)!$ ($$"8 $ "(
*"$+5%")(*"(")$!,"$) $)0 $+$)$ )$
"$ )""$)$ )"!$+$)0 $ )$(*"*!$2+$
)$" !$ 0 % (" $ *$ ) $+ (.+ ")(*"
0&)$!$$'-!$65%)$($*!)!$% !($$5
"( ")"$$!*2$% /)) $)0'
PROCESO TERMODINAMICO:
/$()"$ * )" $ %"!"*"$ "")"! $$ /"!9
)"+ % ! (0" % / #")"-! $ $$ *
/)( /"" ")6$ $ "")"! 5 /"!' /$( !$ $)$
($ ".(")$ " $)$($!! $ !"))"- "()$
$$ !"(" !0 !"0 !!$+ /$( % /"!( !$ "(
)%"!"*"$3().")$+7(")$5$("!4&'
(($*)+$)$($ ".(")$ #"$)$($!$)(*"$
"(+ )$ ")"$ "&)"! 6$ )$ ")"$/"!+ *" $ !
*"!"8)"- !"('
ÿ $)$"$)-$
$)$ "$)-$+ (*"7 !!( $ $)$ "$(7")$ $ "$#$!(7")$ $)$
($ ".(")$!)!!#$!(())$9:;'$"(!")%!$)$
$ !"8 *2$ "-<#$!(+ 5 % 7 /" )$($= :> ; :+ $ !
"-3!*2$$""#$+5%2)" $$!"(4'
$)$"$7(")$'
ÿ $)$"$*.")$
$)$ $*.")$ %! $)$ ($ ".(")$ % $) "- )$' 7!+ !
)!$/" $"-)$.!)"$ $)$!$ #"*!
ÿ $)$ "*.")$
($ ".(") "0 )$($ $)$ "*.")$ %! ! )! ! "(
30!(+ /!" $ % !"8 *2$4 $ ")(*" )!$ )$ $$'
$)$ "*.")$% (.#"*!)$$))$($$)$"-")$'!,($
$$+!%"!0!(.,"(/)" )!$+) $%!(
(8) )$+ $(" )$($ $)$ "$7(")$' ! 7("$ "*.")$ 6)
/)"!($%"(" !/)" )!$)$!$$' "!
$,"( * !&(" "*.")$'
$ 2(!$ ! ( "*.")
!!(+%!(%$ &!)8!!("$6*"7 " )!$6)"
! $$' )!"("8)"- !$ $)$ 6())"- 3$ #$ 04 $
"*.")$+ $ % $ 65 /)" )!$+ % )$"0 #" !
( ! " 5 6( !"#' ! )!("$ 5 /"("$ "*.")$ $
$)$%)$(1($) *" $!)(*"$!"- 0'$
)"/") $ $!!5 !$0" !'
PROCESO CUASIESTÁTICO
$)$ )" .")$ /" )$($ " !"8)"- $)$ !% !!#
)*$ ! ($ $ % ! "( . $ $ ($($ (5 )) ! $ %"!"*"$+
)$($$)$%!"81($(50 $+$%!!#()6$"($'
! !8 !$ $)$ $ "#"*!' ($ ".(") " !$ $)$
#"*!' $ ($ )$0" $,"($ $)$ #"*!+ #7
/$()"-)$")"- $ %"!"*"$'
PROCESO ISOCORO
$)$ "$)-")$+ (*"7 !!( $ $)$ "$(7")$ $ "$#$!(7")$ $)$
($ ".(")$!)!!#$!(())$9:;'$"(!")%!$)$
$!"8*2$"-<#$!(+5%7 /")$($=
:>;:+
?;:
$)$ "$)-")$= )"+ $ $ ! )!$ % /"($ ! "( % .
0& "+ ' " ! )" 0 () )$+ $) ! ")($
0&.$$)"$!!")($ (+
?;:
$ !)!$)&/")$($!#$!()$'
"0(<+$)$"$)-")$))$($!&#")!'
TRABAJO TERMONIDAMICO
" $ ! $"0 /&")$ ! /8 !") ! "( ""0 "/
/$( *2$=*2$().")$+!7)")$+)'
! *2$ ().")$ ) $ /8 % )1 $* ! "( 6) % 7
(#)" ")"'*2$ /"$>;H !+ $ !)$($
! /8 , % )1 ! "))"- ! !8("$ !' /$( "/)"!
))"-)"*= >; !'
")""$ *!) % ," (" $" + $(" (
(&") I+ % )$(1 $ $ !$ $ %"!"*"$ ($ ".(")$ %
)%"!"*"$($)$$ $'"( "($)","(!
(" )$" "($ % (" ! ( "( $ $ !
"($!()$-")$ !($ ".(")'
(*"7 )$$)" )$($ ")""$ )$#)"- ! 0& ! ($ ".(")
!" !"(")""$ ")(.%!5 )$#)"-+*!)%"!"8
*2$$*"($*"7")(*")!$)$$$+!0&" !"(
)(*".'"$ $/$(+!5(" /""!)!$)$($!0&)"%
*")(*"!"()$(! "/)"*2$50&"'
2(!$'
4"!()$L.!!0/")%(2$!#$!(
/)"- !"-M
$($ !
5 N$5! *!) % ;+ )"- 0/") 6"7*$!
%"!.'
"- $!(
+O( B)(P
P
( )(
P
( )(
P
B( O)(
()'
;
;$"#$$)"$!'
4 0 /)$ $* ) ! ))"- # ; )$' " )$("( ! 0 !
(=
0 ($ ! ))"- # ; )$'
))"- !$ 0 /)$
;'"0!=
# # ; ) ; )' " (+ $ !
)$("-+ * "(""3$$)"$!" "#4
4#;)
4;!"("($!#($!))"-'
P4"!0 !0', !(=
4!) $+ "#" "($$!))"-4$*=
##;)
;)"(+ *('
$" ""#=
$" ""# $ %!! % $ ! )" )"
+$($"#$$$$" ""#'2(!$ $" ""#$
!(+!#!$)" +!#$!()&/")$3#$!($) $$!" (4'
$" ,"#=
$ ! $" ""# (!"!") $ ! )" )" 3(4 "
$" %& !)" )"5!!($" ,"#+
)$($$))$!(+)$!)" ($#"("$5)$!($($ !)"
($#"("$'
$" ,&)=
$ %!! % #& )$ ! )" (" )$" ' )"+ (5$ (J$+
(5$$ .+ (. (5$#$!('$2(!$+ ! $)%J
0($ ($9 % ! $) )! !/$$ 5 ! ("($ "$ ("!'
0$+! $!
#")$!)" (")$" +$" ,&)'
!( (*"7
$" 0!$,"# !("'
$" )&/")=
=
EJERCICIOS
Datos
ܸଵ ൌ ͳͲ݂ ݐଷ
ܸଶ ൌ ʹͲ݂ ݐଷ
ܶ ൌ ͷKܨ
Solución
345)$
ଶ
݀ݒ ଶ
ܰܭ
ଵିଶ ൌ െܲ න ൌ െܲ න ሺܸଶ െ ܸଵ ሻ ൌ െͳͲͳǡ͵ ଶ ሺʹͲ݂ ݐଷ െ ͳͲ݂ ݐଷ ሻ
ଵ ܸ ଵ ݉
ܥ
`ൌ
ܸ
ଶ
ܥ ଶ
ͳ ʹݒ
ଵିଶ ൌ െ න ݀ ݒൌ െܿ න ݀ ݒൌ െ ݊ܮܥฬ ฬ
ଵ ܸ ଵ ܸ ͳݒ
ܰܭ ܰܭ
ܥൌ ܸܲ ՜ ܥൌ ͳͲͳǡ͵ Ͳݔǡʹͺ݉ ଷ ൌ ʹͺǡͲ ଶ
݉ ଶ ݉
ʹͲ݂ ݐଷ
ଵିଶ ൌ ሺെʹͺǡͲܬܭሻ ݊ܮቤ ቤ
ͳͲ݂ ݐଷ
ଵିଶ ൌ െͳͻǡͺͻܬܭ
ܸܲ ൌ ܴ݉ܶ
ܸ
ܲ ൌ ܴܶ
݉
ܲ ݒൌ ܴܶ
ଶ
ܴܶ ଶ
ͳ ݒଶ
ଵିଶ ൌ න ݀ ݒൌ െܴܶ න ݀ ݒൌ െܴܶ ݊ܮฬ ฬ
ଵ ݒ ଵ ݒ ݒଵ
ܬܭ
ൌ െͷͺǡͺͺ Ͳݔǡͳͷሺ݃ܭሺሻ ሻ
݃ܭሺሻ
ൌ െͺǡͺ͵ܬܭ
Datos
ͳܬܭ
ൌ ͷͷͲܰ݉ݔ ൌ ͷǡͷܬܭ
ͳͲͲͲܬ
ݍൌ ǡ͵ܬܭ
ͳܬܭ
ܧൌ െͻͷͲݔܬ ൌ െͲǡͻͷܬܭ
ͳͲͲͲܬ
ͳ݉ ଶ
ܣൌ Ͷͷܿ݉ ݔ൬
ଶ
൰ ൌ ͶǡͷିͲͳݔଷ ݉ ଶ
ͳͲͲܿ݉
ͳͲͳǡ͵ܽܲܭ
ܲ ൌ ͳܾܽݔݎ ൌ ͳͲͲܽ`ܭ
ͳǡͲͳ͵ܾܽݎ
Solución
Z Z ൌ Z
ൌ െ
ൌ െͲǡͻͷܬܭȄ ǡ͵ܬܭ
ൌ ͷǡ͵ͷܬܭ
Z ൌ ଶ െ ଵ
ൌ െͲǡͶܬܭ
ܨ
ܲൌ
ܣ
ܨൌ ܲǤ ܣ
ܰܭ
ܨൌ ͳͲͲ ݔͶǡͷିͲͳݔଷ ݉ ଶ
݉ଶ
ܨൌ ͲǡͶͷܰܭ
ൌ ݀ݔܨ
݀ൌ
ܨ
െͲǡͶܰܭǤ ݉
݀ൌ
ͲǡͶͷܰܭ
݀ ൌ െͲǡͺͺ݉
B' $ )"!" $ 5 "- )$"0 % ) "")"!( F* 5
EK 5 $) #$!( +G(P' ! 0 ,"( $)$ )".")$
) $)$!,"-;9!"-/"! +O*'
!)!=
34!*2$!"8 $3ST455)$"'
Datos
ͳͲͳǡ͵ܽܲܭ
ܲଵ ൌ ͺܾܽݔݎ ൌ ͺͲͲܽܲܭ
ͳǡͲͳ͵ܾܽݎ
ܶଵ ൌ ͳͻͲιܥ
ܸଵ ൌ ͲǡͲ݉ ଷ
ͳͲͳǡ͵ܽܲܭ ܰܭ
ܲଶ ൌ ͳǡͷܾܽݔݎ ൌ ͳͷͲ ଶ
ͳǡͲͳ͵ܾܽݎ ݉
Solución
34
ܲଵ ܸଵ ଶ ൌ ܥ
ܰܭ
ܥൌ ͺͲͲ ሺͲǡͲ݉ ଷ ሻଶ ൌ ʹǡͺͺ ݉ܰܭସ
݉ଶ
ܥ
ܲൌ
ܸଶ
ଶ ଶ
ܥ ଶ
ܸ ିଵ ʹ
ଵିଶ ൌ െ න ܸܲ݀ ൌ െ න ܸ݀ ൌ െ න ܸܥ ିଶ
ܸ݀ ൌ െܥ ቈ
ଵ ଵ ܸଶ ଵ െͳ ͳ
ͳ ͳ
ଵିଶ ൌ ܥ൬ െ ൰
ܸଶ ܸଵ
ܲଶ ܸଶ ଶ ൌ ܥ
ͳ ͳ
ଵିଶ ൌ ʹǡͺͺ ݉ܰܭସ ൬ െ ൰ ൌ െʹǡʹܬܭ
Ͳǡͳ͵ͺͷ݉ ଷ ͲǡͲ݉ ଷ
3*4
Z ൌ
Z ൌ ͵ ܬܭെ ʹܬܭ
Z ൌ െʹͶܬܭ
O'"()$"0"-)$ $($/5#$!("")"! B
")*")$+!)!$/" $!"( OST'U!#$!(/"! E"
)*")$'!)!!)(*"$ 0&" !0'
ͳͲͳǡ͵ܽ`ܭ
ܲͳ ൌ ʹܽכ ݉ݐ ൌ ʹͲʹǡܽ`ܭ
ͳܽ݉ݐ
ͲǡͲʹͺ݉ ଷ
ܸͳ ൌ ͶͲ` ଷ כ ൌ ͳǡͳʹ݉ ଷ
ͳ݉ ଷ
ͲǡͲʹͺ݉ ଷ
ܸʹ ൌ ͻͲ` ଷ כ ൌ ʹǡͷʹ݉ ଷ
ͳ݉ ଷ
ଶ
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െ න ܲ ܸ݀ כ
ଵ
ଶ
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െܲ න ܸ݀
ଵ
ʹ
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െ ቆܲ כቀܸ ቁቇ
ͳ
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െʹͺ͵ǡͶܬܭ
Z Z ൌ Zܧ
Z ܧൌ െͳʹͺǡͶܬܭ
4 $'
*4 ")($$)"$!)$!#$!(!)"-)$)$'
)4 #($$)"$!)$!#$!(!)"-)$)$'
4 01!!)"- 0" !'
ͲǡͲʹͺ݉ ଷ
ܸͳ ൌ ͳͷ` ଷ כ ൌ ͲǡͶʹ݉ ଷ
ͳ݉ ଷ
ͲǡͲʹͺ݉ ଷ
ܸʹ ൌ ͵ͷ` ଷ כ ൌ Ͳǡͻͺ݉ ଷ
ͳ݉ ଷ
ଶ
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െܲ න ܸ݀
ଵ
ʹ
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െ ቆܲ כቀܸ ቁቇ
ͳ
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െሺܲ ݂ܸ כെ ܸ ሻሻ
ሺ
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െሺሺͳͲͳǡ͵ܽ`ܭሻ כሺͲǡͻͺ െ ͲǡͶʹሻ݉ ଷ ሻ
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െͷǡʹͺܬܭ
ÿ ;
ଶ
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െ න ܸ݀ כ ܸ כ ܥ
ଵ
ͳ െ ʹ ൌ െ ܥන ܸ ܸ݀ כ
ଵ
ܸଶ ʹ
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െ ቆ כ ܥቆ ቇ ቇ
ʹ ͳ
ܸʹଶ ܸͳଶ
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െ ൭ כ ܥቆ െ ቇ൱
ʹ ʹ
ÿ ܥൌ ଵ
ଵ
ͳͲͳǡ͵ܽ`ܭ
ܥൌ ൌ ʹͶͳǡͳͻͲ
ͲǡͶʹ݉ ଷ
Ͳǡͻͺଶ ͲǡͶʹଶ
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െ ൭ʹͶͳǡͳͻͲ כቆ െ ቇ൱
ʹ ʹ
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െͻͶǡͷͶܬܭ
ÿ ;
ଶ
ܥ
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െ න ܸ݀ כ
ଵ ܸ
ʹ
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െ ቀ כ ܥሺܸ݊ܮሻ ቁ
ͳ
ܸʹ
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െ ቆ ݊ܮ כ ܥ൬ ൰ቇ
ܸͳ
ÿ ܥൌ ܲǤ ܸ
ܥൌ ͳͲͳǡ͵Ͳ כ ܽ`ܭǡͶʹ݉ ଷ
ܥൌ ͶʹǡͷͶܬܭ
Ͳǡͻͺ݉ ଷ
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െ͵ͷǡͻͷܬܭ
ÿ ;
ଶ
ܴ ܸ݀ כ ܶ כ
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െ න
ܸ
ଵ
ଶ
ܸ݀
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െܴ ܶ כන
ܸ
ଵ
ʹ
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െ ቀܴ כ ܶ כሺܸ݊ܮሻ ቁ
ͳ
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െ൫ܴ כ ܶ כሺ ʹܸ݊ܮെ ͳܸ݊ܮሻ൯
ܸʹ
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െ ቆܴ ݊ܮ כ ܶ כ൬ ൰ቇ
ܸͳ
ͲǤͻͺ
ͳݓെ ʹ ൌ െ ቆͲǡʹͺͻ Ͳ͵ כͷǡ͵ ݊ܮ כ൬ ൰ቇ
ͲǡͶʹ
("=
'
( +0 $!"'
*' !0$(.")$+D03(4+"!. !" G)(V'
$!)"-'
`ଵ ൌ ͷܾܽ`ݎଶ ൌ ͵Ǥʹܾܽݎ
' $'
ͳ݉ ଶ
ܣଶ ൌ ܿ݉ بܿ݉ ൈ
ଶ ଶ
ൌ ͲǤͲͲͲ݉ ଶ
ͳͲͲͲͲܿ݉ ଶ
ࢍሺሻൗ
݉ ൌ Ǥ ૢ ࢙ ࢉ࢙ࢇ࢚࢙ࢇࢍ بǤ
("=
'
#!$)" !#$3(4'
*'
( !" !#$'
$'
`ଵ ൌ ʹͷͲ``ଶ ൌ ʹͲͲ`
`ൗ
ݒଵ ൌǫݒଶ ൌ ͻͲͲ
݈ܾሺ݉ሻൗ
ܣଵ ൌ ͲǤʹ` ଶ ݉ ൌ ͳͲ
' ݉ ൌ ݀`ܽ݉ݒଵ ൌ
భ௩భ ൈԼ
Լ భ
݈ܾሺ݉ሻൗ
(!8$!/$(!'
` ଷ
ͳͲ ൈ ʹǤͺͺ
݈ܾሺ݉ሻ
ݒଵ ൌ ൌ ͳ͵ͶǤͶ `
ͲǤʹ` ଶ
ͲǤ͵ͲͶͺ݉ݐ
ݒଵ ൌ ͳ͵ͶǤͶ ` ൈ ൌ Ǥ ૢૠ ࢙
ͳ`
*'
ݍ ݄݈݂ܽܿݓൌ ሺ݄ଶ െ ݄ଵ ሻ ݃ሺݖଶ െ ݖଵ ሻ
ሺ௩మమି௩భమሻ
ଶ
ሺݒଶଶ െ ݒଵଶ ሻ
ݍൌ ሺ݄ଶ െ ݄ଵ ሻ
ʹ
2($݄ଶ
ሺݒଶଶ െ ݒଵଶ ሻ
݄ଶ ൌ ሺ݄ଵ ሻ െ െ ݍ
ʹ
(!8($#!$
`ൗ
ሺͻͲͲଶ ` െ ͳ͵ͶǤͶଶ ሻ ሺ
݄ଶ ൌ ͳ͵ͳǡͳ ܾ݈ ݑݐܤെ ൈ ͵Ǥͻͻ ൈ ͳͲିହ ሻ െ ሺͳǤʹ ܾ݈ ݑݐܤሻ
ʹ
¡ ൌ ǡ ࢚࢛࢈
*($%!")$ "$)#($*!5*)($
($#!$5"$,"($%"$!'
P'ܾ݈ ݑݐܤͲͲ݂
NPOB'ܾ݈ ݑݐܤ,
PCP'Fܾ݈ ݑݐܤͲͲ݂
(!8($#!$
ͷ
ሺʹ݂ ͶͲሻ ൌ ʹ͵Ǥ͵݇ െ ʹ͵ ൌ Ǥ ࢉ
ͻ
Solución:
%( !$)$()$")"-=
-1)
- ) N
-)
Q
$ !$*!(=
ൌ ܨଷ ݄ଷ െ ܨଶ ݄ଶ
$%!$)$ 0!("$!"8!&)$+$)!!&
!!2$"0!!!& !!2$=
6;6
;P'PPK;PB'BFS
6;EP'BSTD0
$)6;EP'BSTD0'
!)$ ")"$ !!2$P"%=
P;<'CPK;G'BS
6P;PE'CSTD0
P;'EF(PD0
$!#$!()&/")$+/$(!/!2$#$!(7")$P+&=
ܨଷ ൌ ܨଶ
Respuesta:
! ")(*" $ )!$ " % ("" 666, KJ/min $* !
)$ ")"$/"!'
Datos
ܬܭ
ൌ ͵ͷ
ܶଵ ൌ ͵ʹͲܭ ܶଶ ൌ ͷʹͲܭ
ͳͲͲͲܽܲܭ
ܲଵ ൌ Ͳǡʹݔܽܲܯ ൌ ʹͲͲܽ`ܭ
ͳܽܲܯ
ͳͲͲͲܽܲܭ
ܲଶ ൌ ͳǡʹݔܽܲܯ ൌ ͳʹͲͲܽ`ܭ
ͳܽܲܯ
ܽܲܭǤ ݉ ଷ
ͺǡ͵ͳͶͶͳ ݈݉ܭǤ ιͲʹ͵ݔ ܭιܭ
ܴͳܶͳ ʹͲͲܽܲܭ
ܲ ݒൌ ܴܶ ՜ ݒൌ ൌ
ܲଵ ݃ܭ
ʹǡͲͳ ݈݉ܭ
݉ଷ
ݒଵ ൌ ǡ
݃ܭ
ܽܲܭǤ ݉ ଷ
ͺǡ͵ͳͶͶͳ ݈݉ܭǤ ιݔ ܭͷʹͲιܭ
ݒଶ ൌ ͳʹͲͲܽܲܭ
݃ܭ
ʹǡͲͳ ݈݉ܭ
݉ଷ
ݒଶ ൌ ͳǡͺ
݃ܭ
ܣଵ ܸഥଵ
݉ ଵ ൌ
ܸଵ
݉
ǡͺͷିͲͳݔଷ ݉ ଶ ͲͲͳݔ ݃ܭ Ͳ
݉ ൌ ൌ Ͳǡͳͳͺ ݔ
݉ ଷ ͳ݉݊
ǡ ݃ܭ
݃ܭ
݉ ൌ ǡͲͺ
݉݊
3*4
ܣଶ തതത
ܸଶ
݉ ଶ ൌ
ܸଶ
݃ܭ ݉ଷ
ǡͳ ݉݊ ͳݔǡͺ ݉ ͳ݉݊
തതതଶ ൌ ݃ܭ
ܸ ൌ ͳͲͻǡͻ͵ ݔ
ǡͺͷ݉ Ͳͳݔ
ିଷ ଶ ݉݊ Ͳ
݉
തതതଶ ൌ ʹǡͺ
ܸ
4
݉ ݉
ሺʹǡͺ ሻଶ െ ሺͳͲͲ ሻଶ
ܥܧൌ
ʹͲͲͲ
ܬܭ
ܥܧൌ െͶǡͶ
݃ܭ
ൌ ݉
݄
ܥ ݃
ݖሿ
ܬܭ
݄ ൌ
ܶǤ ܲܥൌ ʹͲͲιͳݔܭͶǡ͵
݃ܭιܭ
ܬܭ
݄ ൌ ʹͺͲ
݃ܭ
ܬܭ ܬܭ
ൌ ͵͵ǡͻ͵ ͵ͷ
ൌ ͵ͳǡͻܭ
'*$(*
(" 0!"%" K! ($)$ )$
))"-)$'!$)$ "*.")$5!(())$'!)1!
!$)"%)"!*$(*+D"!$#"$+34;+53*4:;<*'
0#
!$)!E+F('
Datos:
ܮ
ܸ ൌ ͳͲͲ
݉݊
ܶଵ ൌ ʹͲιܥ ܶଶ ൌ ʹͲιܥ
݉
݃ ൌ ͻǡͺ
ܲ ൌ ݐܥ
Solución:
ൌ ݉
݄
ܥܧ ݃
ݖሿ
ൌ ݉ ሺZ݄
݃Zݖሻ
݉ ሺͳͲͲ݉ሻ
ൌ ݉ ൬ͻǡͺ ൰
ଶ ͳͲͲͲ
݉ ൌǫ
ܶଵ ൌ ʹͲιܥ
݉ଷ
ݒଵ ൌ ͳǡͲͲͳͺͲͳݔ ିଷ
݃ܭ
ܸ
݉ ൌ
ݒ
݉ଷ
Ͳǡͳ ݉݊ ݃ܭ ͳ݉݊ ݃ܭ
݉ ൌ ൌ ͻͻǡͺ ݔ ൌ ͳǡ
݉ଷ ݉݊ Ͳ
ͳǡͲͲͳͺିͲͳݔଷ ݃ܭ
݃ܭ ܬܭ
ൌ ͳǡ ൬Ͳǡͻͺ ൰
݃ܭ
ܬܭ
ൌ ͳǡ͵ ൌ ͳǡ͵ܭ
3N4
݉
݉ଷ ͻǡͺ ሺͳͲͲ݉ሻ
ൌ ͳǡͲͲͳͺͲͳݔ ିଷ ሺെͳܾܽݎሻ ଶ
݃ܭ ͳͲͲͲ
ܰܭ
െͳܾܽ ݎൌ െͳͲͲ
݉ଶ
݉
݉ଷ ܰܭ ͻǡͺ ሺͳͲͲ݉ሻ
ൌ ͳǡͲͲͳͺͲͳݔ ିଷ ሺെͳͲͲሻ ଶ ଶ
݃ܭ ݉ ͳͲͲͲ
ܬܭ
ൌ ͳǡͳͲͲͳͺିͲͳݔଷ Ͳǡͻͺ
݃ܭ
ܬܭ
ൌ Ͳǡͺͳ
݃ܭ
ܬܭ ݃ܭ
ൌ Ͳǡͺͻ ͳݔǡ
݃ܭ
ܬܭ
ൌ ͳǡͶ ൌ ͳǡͶܭ
! *"
$!)"-
"$ =G*
w flecha turbina = (h 2 - h1 )
h1 = 3517 kJ / kg
h 2 = (h f + X *h fg )
h 2 = 1213.4 kJ / kg + 0.9*1571 kJ / kg
h 2 = 2627.3 KJ / Kg
$)
w flecha bomba = (h 2 - h1 )
6;CP'FFSTS001*!P
h1 = 179.406 KJ / Kg
h 2 = 3517 KJ / kg
q caldera = 3337.594 KJ / Kg
10MW
Flujo masico =
889.7KJ/kg
Pcaldera = 37.514MW
6$ ("($ ! $)2 /")")" "#" " $ ! $)" ! *"
%" )$!$)"("" $!)!
10MW
% O = *100
37.514MW
% O = 26.65%
q condensador = - 2453.42 KJ / Kg
6$ (!"!")($ ! /!2$ (")$ % )$ $ $ ! )")!$ $ ! q condensador
)$!/!2$) " $
P condensador = 2453.42KJ/Kg*11.24Kg/s
P condensador = 27576.44KJ/s
P condensador = 1654586.4KJ/min
Datos Problema
m = D03(4
P1 = +O* P = +O*
T1;W T ;PW
P1 ;"
T1 ;BW T ;W
a) Ts1 ;E+OBW
ue1;+BG<P/P!*3(4
u1
m=
V1
3 3
m=
0, 46 * 10- 3 3 / ()
m= G+OCP!*3(4
Rta/:!( !/"0 G+OCP!*3(4
b) !2)")"$!$*%&0" $9$!$$)$$)%!#$!(
)$5$6*! ($!(+$!$%$ ($)$)!"
%=
ue1 = ue
Grafica T-u
!#$!()&/")$ $)*") $!8$ #$61( $+$$
)$)!"%=
Ps = P
P = PP+PC"
0, 46 - 0, 01216
Y;
1, 4009 ± 0, 01216
Y;+PB
Úe = Úef + X -Úef ± Úeg)
Úe = C+GCQ+PB3EG+ZC+GC4
Úe = B+EPGN!*3(4
¨Úe = Úe - Úe1
[\;3B+EPGZG+PC4N!*3(4
[\;<CP+BPN!*3(4
¨Ú = ¨Úe * m
[\;<CP+BPN!*3(4G+OC!*
[\;<BCF+EN
¨Úe = q + w
%;[\
%;<BCF+EN
O' " % &0" $ "#" " $ $ "0! ( " )"-' !
")""$! $ !%)$"OD03(4 0D5OW+5!$$! $.#)"$'
7!)"-%"5!0, $ $ $!%' 2%!
0")(*")!$)$!$! $+6%!(!%0!
#!$"")"! OW'
("=
a)!#$!($! !%(P
b)
"-/"! !0D
c) ! )!$ /" $ $)$ DT
d)!") "0(< !$)$
e)!)!$$! !"(
Solución:
Datos Problema
m = OD03(4
P1 = *
T1;OW T ;OW
p Ts1 = 1 , C
u1= m* ue1
u1= OD03(4'+E'<P(PD03(4
u1= O+BO'<P(P
ÿ ! $*!( ! % ! $ "#" ! % ! (" + !$ )! 6)
% #$!( )$ $ ! ($($ %" ! $
)$!#$!($!(!"!")!#$!("$$ $'
u ;+E(P
Rta/:!#$!($! !%+E(P
ue = u / m
0, 010029 3
ue ;
5 ( )
ue = +OF. <P(PD03(4
Grafica T-u
ÿ !0/")<+$ ($$*#%!#$!()&/")$ $34
)!8$ #$61( $$!$)!$ ($)$)!"=
Ps = P
Rta/:!"-/"! !0 P+GED
2 ±
c) X=
-
2, 0058 ± 1, 0029
Y;
43, 36 - 1,0029
Y;+PGC
\;B+FFDTD03(4
Úe = Úef + X -Úef ± Úeg)
\;3B+FFQ+PGC3B+FFZBE+F44DTD03(4
\;O+POFDTD03(4
¨Úe = Úe - Úe1
[\;3O+POZB+FF4DTD03(4
[\;<OB+OCDTD03(4
¨Ú = ¨Úe * m
[\;<OB+OCDTD03(4OD03(4
[\;<C+FCDT
¨Úe = q + w
%;[\
%;3<C+FC4DT
Rta/:!)!$/" $$)$ <C+FCDT
d)
Diagrama P-ue
ܲଵ ൌ ͳͲͲܽ`ܭ
ܶଵ ൌ ʹιܥ
ܲଶ ൌ ͻͷܽ`ܭ
ൌ ͺͲͲ݉ ଷ Ȁ݉݊ ܶଶ ൌ Ͳιܥ
ͺͲͲ݉ ଷ ͳǡʹͻ݃ܭ ݃ܭ
ࣾ ൌ ൈ ൌ ͳͲ͵ʹ
݉݊ ͳ݉ ଷ ݉݊
4݉ ൌǫቂቃ
݇݃
݈݀݊݀ܽ݀݀ܽ ݎൌ ͳǤʹͻ
݉ଷ
]*
S]*
EOS]'EO*
ܬܭ
݄ଵ ൌ ͵ͳ͵ǤʹͲ
݃ܭሺ݉ሻ
ܬܭ
݄ଶ ൌ ͻͳǤͶͻ
݃ܭሺ݉ሻ
C]P'OS
G]PPP'OS
Z݄ ൌ `ܥZܶ
ܬܭ
ݎ݈ܽ݀`ܥൌ ͳǤͲͲͷ
݃ܭሺ݉ ሻ ܭ כ
ܬܭ
Z݄ ൌ ͳǤͲͲͷ ሺ͵͵͵Ǥͳͷ െ ͵ͲͲǤͳͷሻܭ
݉ ݃ܭሻ ܭ כ
ሺ
ܬܭ
Z݄ ൌ ͵͵Ǥͳͷ ൌ ݄ଶ െ ݄ଵ
݃ܭሺ݉ ሻ
݇݃ ܬܭ
ࣾ Z݄ ͳͲ͵ʹ ൬͵͵Ǥͳͷ ൰
݉݊ ݇݃ሺ݉ሻ
ࣾ ൌ ൌ
݄ଵ െ ݄ଶ ܬܭ
ሺ͵ͳ͵ǤʹͲ െ ͻͳǤͶͻሻ ݇݃ሺ݉ሻ
݇݃
ࣾ ൌ ͳͷͶǤ͵
݉݊
ܲଵ ൌ ͵ͲͲܽ`ܭ
ܶଵ ൌ ͳͷιܥ
݉ ൌ ݃ܭȀ݉ଓ݊
ܲଶ ൌ ͳܽܲܯ
ܲଶ ൌ ͵ͲͲܽ`ܭ
ܶଶ ൌ ʹͷιܥ
4݉ ൌǫቂ ቃ
ͳͲͲͲܽܲܭ ͳܾܽݎ
ͳ ܽܲܯൈ ൈ ൌ ͳͲܾܽݎ
ͳܽܲܯ ͳͲͲܽܲܭ
ͳܾܽݎ
͵ͲͲ ܽܲܯൈ
ͳͲͲܽܲܭ
PPB
ܬܭ
݄ଵ ൌ ͵Ͳʹǡ͵Ͷ
݃ܭሺ݉ሻ
ܬܭ
݄ଶ ൌ ͳͲͷǡʹͻ
݃ܭሺ݉ሻ
0
ܬܭ
݄ଶ ൌ ͳͲͶǡͺͻ
݃ܭሺ݉ሻ
಼ ಼
ିଵହǡଶଽ ሻ
݉ ൌ
Ȁሺଷଶǡଷସ
಼ሺሻ ಼ሺሻ
಼ ಼
ቀଵସǡ଼ଽ ିଶǡଽଽ ቁ
಼ሺሻ ಼ሺሻ
݃ܭ
݉ ൌ ʹͺǡʹͳ
݉݊
*4
solucion
4 $
;'F
;'
*" $ ! $ ! /"0 5 " $ ! "$ 5 !" $ ($
)$$) ! !" 5 )$ $ ! )!" ! !" ' "($6)($ )$#"-
" $ *)!!*!<C
1000 1.013
0.8 { 8
1
101.3
1000 1.013
0.12 { 1.2
1 101.3
{ *100
93.42 21.32
{ *100
212.54
{ 33.9 ½
b)
{ 2 1
{ (31.3 © 22.36 ) 0
{ 53.66 0
Solución
34 $
;BB$
;*
;'F*
*BG'P$
($!*!<C
h1 = 11 . Kj/kg; )$$) ! $ !" ! /"0 )$($ %"$
0!("$!")($%=
1 { 2 9 *"$ $ $*($ % ! /"0 ! !" vapor húmedo
$)!")($!"0"/-(!=3 $*!<C4
{
112.22 48.39
{
198.13
{ 0.3222 *100
{ 32.2%
" $!)!" $ ($)$!#$!()&/")$
{ ©©
3
{ 0.0236
3'4$
$#$ $
;G*
;*
A)($*.")(!("($$)$"$5)$($!!"364
h1 = .Kj/kg; 5*($%=
1 { 2 9 $ $
("($ ! $ ! !" ! )! vapor sobrecalentado 5
$) ($)$!)!" "!"8 $!$ $ !*!<C
275.33 16.29
{
215.06
{ 1.204
$$)$($!#$!(
{ ©©
{ 0.7258 10 3
3
©
1.204 * 0.1917 0.725 10 3
3
3
{ 0.23.
'$ #.!#! 0!("$ )")! #$ 0 ! "0"
)$ ")"$34P*5B$5!C*53*4)$($#$ $F
* 5 ! P * (" 0 $ !" ! ( !0! $
)$$ "!"- !"
Solución
3'4 $
;B$
;P*
;C*
P*PP'P$
)$($!!"
1 { 2 9 ("($ ! $ !" ! 0 ! )! "0 " $ vapor
sobrecalentado
)$($!(! $/"! !0'$($$65!""0! 2
"$!$3,;4
3$4 6 Kj/kg
F CEE'
x .
FBB'F
"!"8($!"0"/$(!
© O ) * ©
{
© O
S { E'O$)
3'*4Datos
$#$ $
;F*
;P*
3$4 6 Kj/kg
PO'OO CO'P
x 6.1
G CF'P
"!"8($!"0"/$(!
© O ) * ©
{
© O
S { OP'E$)
;B*
;BBW
B * ! ( )"- O'BW+
( ! $ !
$*!("$+!$%" ")%!0))$($#$$*)! $'
;'F*
Y;FFX
*" $ % $ $# )!" + )$)!"($ % ! 0 ! ! *" )$($
#$61( $'
6!!!*2$!($!))"- 0&=
ݓ ൌ Z݄
݄ ൌ ݄݂ ሺ݄݂݃ሻ
(!8!$#!$ !"$))"-5($=
ͳ͵Ǥͺͺ݇ ʹͶͲ͵Ǥͳ݇ ݇
݄ൌ ͲǤͺͺ ൬ ൰ ൌ ʹʹͺͺǤͲͺ
݇݃ ݇݃ ݇݃
݇ ݇ ݇
ݓ ൌ ʹʹͺͺǤͲͺ െ ͵͵ͲǤͳ ൌ െͳͲͳͺǤͶͻʹ
݇݃ ݇݃ ݇݃
)" ! #")"$ 0& )"7") 5 $)"! 5 *" $ ! !8 !
(%"$,"*2$ /!)6=
ݍൌ Z݄
݇ ݇ ݇
ݍൌ ݄͵ െ ݄ʹ ൌ ͳ͵Ǥͺͺ െ ʹʹͺͺǤͲͺ ൌ െʹͳͳͶǤʹͺ
݇݃ ݇݃ ݇݃
)4!*2$ !*$(*D2D0=
)$" % ! $ $ ! *$(* !"8 /$( "*.") 5 )" $ !
0&$)"!5!0&)"7")($!))"-=
ݓ ൌ Z݄
U )$$)($ 6P+ 5 (*"7 ($ % ! ( ! ("( P 5 ! $ ($
)$!*!+ (.*($% *!" !*$(*)$($!"%" $*/" $'
$)*)($
P5B;B'OW
AP;ͳ͵Ǥͺͺ
B;B*'
݉ଷ ͳͲͲ݇`ܽ ͵Ǥͻ͵݇
Z݄ ൌ ܿ` כZݐ כ ݒZ` ൌ Ͳ ቆͳǤͲͲͺͶ ିͲͳ כଷ כሺͶͲܾܽ ݎെ ͲǤͲͺܾܽݎሻ כ ቇൌ
݇݃ ͳܾܽݎ ݇݃
͵Ǥͻ͵݇
ݓ ൌ Z݄ ൌ
݇݃
ݍൌ Z݄
B;B'OW
B;B*
݇
݄Ͷ ൌ ݄͵ Z݄ ൌ ͳǤͺ
݇݃
;B*
;BBW
6;͵͵ͲǤͳ
݇ ݇ ݇
ݍൌ Z݄ ൌ ͵͵ͲǤͳ െ ͳǤͺ ൌ ͵ͳʹͻǤʹʹ
݇݃ ݇݃ ݇݃
݇
ͳͲͳͺǤͶͻʹ
݇݃
ߟൌ ͲͲͳ כΨ ൌ ͵ʹǤͷͶΨ
݇
͵ͳʹͻǤʹʹ ݇݃
')$($/!2$#$!(7")$ B'O(P "W5*$))"-
'P('! $ ! !" BS+ 'B* 5 C(' ! /!2$ )!$ " $
EST("'(&'
3*4!/!2$(.")$S0'
3)4!$)"("" D"!$#"$'
datos
3
{ 4.5
1 { 1
1 { 22ü 2 { 400ü
1 { 0.030 2 2 { 2.4
{ 900 2 { 70
min
46!!!#!$)" "!"8($!"0"/-(!=
1 {
1
4.5 3
1 {
0.030 2
1 { 150
=!#!$)" O(
*4)$!/!2$(.")$$) )!)!
{ ; { 8.314
.÷
8.314
.÷
{
28.97
{ 0.287
÷
{
{
*
0.287 295÷
÷
{
100 2
3
{ 0.846
{
0.030 2 150
{
0.846
{ 5.32
rta/!/!2$(.")$ O'PS0
)$!$)")"$"($)$!*2$ /!)6+$)$
(*"7)"$)$ +$%! $65%6)!)$#"-'
2 2
{ (2 1 ) (2 1 )
15
{ {
0
5.32
{ 2.82
2 2
70 150
{ 400.98 275.17 2.82
2000
{ 99.83
0
{ 99.83 5.32
0
{ 531.1
. )$ )$ "! $ P+ " ".($ !!# 0 !0$ 6 *$(*
" '/$)"( !"#! !!0$'!0!)$ )$ P"B'"'OW/
5 F / ' ! *$(* "! )0 )$ )$ ' " OE' " 5 F / '
)$")"-!0)" G'/$!)$ )$ "'$*+" !/"! !
)$ )$ "+ )! ".($ !)$"5+#7 !!+ )0!0
B'C "'
0# !$)! P' / 5 $ $ ! $)$ "$($ 5 "*.")$'
(&'
' !$)")"($#!*$(*6'
DATOS:
/)"!"!$)$!"8!)$#"$"(")"$!'
1 { 3 { 0.0762
1 { 14
{ 96.48 { 0.9648
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2 { 50÷ { 10÷
0.3048
1 { 11.0 { 3.35 { 18 { 5.49
1
3 { 14.7
{ 101.3
2 { 50÷ { 10÷
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{ 9.81
$) (" !$ "/ $+ $ "!"8 ! 0/")$ #$!(
)&/")$#"-'
4 $*# ! "0" "0( % ! 0 $ !"%" $
)$("(" $'
{ ( 2 1 ) (2 1 ) ©r 2 r1
2 2
2
2
5.49 2.44
3
3
18.3 © 3.353
{ 1.0004 10 (406.6 96.48) 2 9.8
2000
1000
{ 0.31 0.0121 0.212
{ 0.534
{
©
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2.44
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3
1.0004 10 3
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rta/!$)")" 'F6
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3
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2
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O { 0.305
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U)$#!$)" !")($!))"-=
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3 3
3 {
3
3
11.122 1.0004 10 3
3 {
2.5
5
3 { 4.45 10 2
2
3 {
4
4
{ 3
{
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{
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10 3 2 4
1 lg
{ 0.075 { 2.95 lg
0.0254
rta/! ".($/"! 'EO!0
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Z ൌ כ ݒܥZܶZܶ ൌ ܱ
Z ൌ ܱ
*'Z Z ൌ Z
Z ൌ െZ
)$($*2$
ൌ ଵ ܲ ܸ݀ כ
ଶ
0" !ܲ ൌ
்כ
$)
ଶ
ܴܶכ
ൌන ܸ݀ כ
ଵ ܸ
ܸʹ
ൌ െܴ ݊ܮ כ ܶ כฬ ฬ
ܸͳ
ܲͳ
ൌ െܴ ݊ܮ כ ܶ כฬ ฬ
ܲʹ
െͺǤ͵ͳͶܬܭȀ݃ܭሺ݈݉ሻ ܭ כ ͳ
ൌ ݊ܮ כ ܭ͵Ͳ͵ כฬ ฬ
ʹͺǤͻ݃ܭȀ݃ܭሺ݈݉ሻ ʹǤͶ
ܬܭ
ൌ Ǥʹͺ
݃ܭሺ݉ ሻ
ܬܭ
Z ൌ െǤʹͺ Ͳ כǤͷ݃ܭሺ݉ ሻ
݇݃ሺ݉ ሻ
Z ൌ െ͵ͺܬܭ
;S;PPSP;)$
;FO$;P'B$S;)$);'P
ÿ ൌ െ ଵ ܸ݀ כ
ଶ ோ்כ
ܸʹ
ൌ െܴ ݊ܮ כ ܶ כ൬ ൰
ܸͳ
ܲͳ
ൌ െܴ ܮ כ ܶ כ൬ ൰
ܲʹ
ܬܭ
ൌ ͻͺǤͳ
݃ܭሺ݉ ሻ
ܶܤ
ܬܭ ͲǤͶ͵ͳ ሺ ሻ ܶܤ
݉ ܾܮ
ͻͺǤͳ כ ൌ ͶʹǤͷͲ
݃ܭሺ݉ ሻ ܬܭ ܾܮሺ݉ ሻ
ͳ ሺ ሻ
݉ ݃ܭ
Z Z ൌ Z
ܶܤ
ൌ െ ൌ െͶʹǤͷͲ
ܾܮሺ݉ ሻ
ÿ ൌ െܲ ଶ ܸ݀
ଷ
ൌ െܲ כሺܸ͵ െ ܸʹሻ
ܴ ʹܶ כ
ܸʹ ൌ
ܲʹ
ͺǤ͵ͳͶ ݉ כ ܽܲܭଷ
݃ܭ
ʹͺǤͲͳ
݃ܭሺ݈݉ሻ
ܸʹ ൌ ʹͲ͵ כǤͶை ܭ
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