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RESUMEN
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ABSTRACT
Introduction: The same as the liver, the kidney carries out complex metabolic
activities, this is possible due to the presence in the same one of multiple complex
enzymatic able to carry out all the necessary metabolic transformations. The
kidneys intervene in the metabolism through several processes that happen in a
different way in the different portions of the organ.
Methodology: with the objective of describing the particularities of the metabolism
of the glucose and the amoniognesis in the kidney logical-deductive, analytic and
synthetic methods were used. taking like different investigators' scientific base,
consulted in national and international, printed and electronic scientific magazines;
these last ones obtained of specialized databases, as Scielo, PubMed and Hinari.
The glycolysis is the metabolic but old road, it contributes the biggest quantity in
energy dedicated mainly to transport of substances and to renal breathing. The
renal glyconeogenesis acquires great importance in the states of alteration of the
acid-base equilibrium where decrease liver metabolic efficiency. Glutamine is the
main substrate of the renal glyconeogenesis, to the whose concentration in the
renal tubular cells is bigger than the plasmatic one. This amino acid is the main
contributer of the renal ammoniagenesis. The last constitutes the main mechanism
of excretion of ammonia in the organism.
Conclusion: renal glucose metabolism has as result the adequate function of the
tubular transport system.
Key word: renal metabolism, energy and transport of substances in the kidney.
INTRODUCCIN
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Metodologa
DESARROLLO
Existen varias reacciones esenciales que regulan la gluclisis, las que estn
catalizadas por enzimas como:
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puede ser inhibida por accin del citrato, el ATP y valores bajos de pH, y activada
por la fructosa 2,6 bifosfato y el AMP. 1, 3, 15
2.1. Ciclo hexosas monofosfato que aporta 1 % de la energa utilizada, pero cobra
gran importancia como fuente de NADPH y de pentosas, necesarias para la
biosntesis de cidos nucleicos, cidos grasos y procesos tubulares de secrecin de
cidos e hidrgeno. Este mecanismo se incrementa en la acidosis metablica, la
deplecin de sodio y el crecimiento renal. 1, 10, 15, 16. (Figura 1).
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Amoniognesis renal
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CONCLUSIONES
Asa
Tbulo Tbulo Conducto
Enzimas Funcin de
proximal distal colector
henle
Hexoquinasa Gliclisis + + +++ +
Fosfofructoquinasa Gliclisis + + +++
Piruvatoquinasa Gliclisis + + +++ +
Glucosa 6 fosfatasa Gluconeogensis +++
Difosfofructofosfatasa Gluconeogensis +++
Piruvato carboxilasa Gluconeogensis +++
Fosfoenol pirvico
Gluconeogensis +++
carboxiquinasa
Glutaminasa fosfato Amoniognesis
+++ + +
dependiente renal
Glutaminasa fosfato Amoniognesis
+++ +++
independiente renal
Glutamato Amoniognesis
+++
deshidrogenasa renal
Citrato sintetasa Ciclo de cidos +++ + ++ +
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tricarboxilicos
Isocitrato Ciclo de cidos
+++ + ++ +
deshidrogenasa tricarboxilicos
Alfa ceto glutrico Ciclo de cidos
+++ + ++ +
deshidrogenasa tricarboxilicos
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