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Treybalr 141016192045 Conversion Gate02
Treybalr 141016192045 Conversion Gate02
Solucin:
Especies:
Oxigeno (A)
Nitrgeno (B)
Pt=1 atm
T=25c + 273K = 298K
Z= 0.002m
Para el oxgeno(A):
Plano 1: %V=0,10
Plano 2: %V=0.20
T 2 3 /2
DAB = DAB * ( )
T1
298 K 3/ 2
DAB = ( 1.81105 m2 /s ( )
273 K
PA1 = 0.10atm
PB1 = 0.9atm
PA2 = 0.20atm
PB2 = 0.80atm
1
P B 2P B 1
PB,M = P B2
ln ( )
P B1
D ABPt(P A 1P A 2)
NA =
RTzP B , M
5 2
(2,06410 m / s)1 atm(0.10 atm0.20 atm)
NA = 0.082103atmm 3
298 K0.002 m0.849 atm
molK
NA = - 4.97105 Kmol/m2s
D AB(P A 1P A 2)
b) NA =
RTz
5 2
(2,06410 m /s)(0.10 atm0.20 atm)
NA = 3
0.08210 atmm
3
298 K0.002 m
molK
2.2 Repita los clculos del problema 2.1 para una presin total de 1 000 kN/ m2
Solucin:
Especies:
Oxigeno (A)
Nitrgeno (B)
Pt = 1000 KPa
101.325 KPa
DAB = ( 1.81105 m2 /s
1000 KPa
2
DAB = 18.340* 105 m2 / s
P B 2P B 1
PB,M = P B2
ln ( )
P B1
D AB(P A 1P A 2)
NA =
RTz
5 2
18.34010 m / s(100 KPa200 KPa)
NA = 8.314Pam
3
273 K0.002 m
molK
D AB(P A 1P A 2)
NA =
RTz
3
5 2
(18.34010 m /s )(100 KPa200 KPa)
NA = 8.314Pam3
273 K0.002 m
molK
3
10 Kmol
NA = -4.040* 2
s
m
d) Tolueno-Aire 1 atm, 30 C
e) Anilina-Aire 1 atm, 0 C
Solucion:
a) .
T =273 K
2 3 2
Pr=101.3 KN /m =101.3 x 10 N /m
g
M A=58
mol
T EB , A =329.4 K
M B=29 g /mol
4
EB
De la tabla 2.2 se tiene que para el aire =78.5 =0.3711 nm. Los valores para la
K
acetona se pueden calcular mediante las siguientes ecuaciones:
=1.18 1 /3
E
=1.21 T EB
K
V B =3 ( 0.0148 ) +6 ( 0.0037 ) +0.0074=0.074
1 /3
B =1.18(0.074) =0.495 nm .
De la figura 2.5:
KT
f( )
E AB
=0.63
D AB=
(
104 1.0480.249
1
+
1
M A MB )
T3/2
1
+
1
M A MB
Ec .1
KT
2
PT ( AB ) f
( )
E AB
D AB=
(
104 1.0480.249
1 1
+
58 29 )
2733/ 2
1 1
+
58 29
3 2
(101.3 x 10 ) ( 0.433 ) (0.63)
6 2
D AB=9.25 x 10 m / s
b) T =298 K
2 3 2
PT =101.3 KN /m =101.3 x 10 N /m
g
M A=58 sea A :nitrogeno(N 2 )
mol
g
M B=44 sea B :CO2
mol
EB
=195.2 B=0.3941nm
K
5
EA
=71.4 A =0.3798 nm
K
0.3798+0.3941
V AB= =0.38695 nm
2
E AB
=71.4 (195.2)=118.056
K
KT 298
= =2.52 :
E AB 118.056
De la figura 2.5.
KT
f ( )
E AB
=0.63
D AB=1.6805 x 105 m 2 /s
c) T =298 K
2 5 2
PT =200 KN / m =2 x 10 N /m
g
M A=36 sea A : cloruro de hidrogeno
mol
g
M B=29 sea B : Aire
mol
EB
=78.6 B =0.3711 nm
K
EA
=344.7 A =0.339 nm
K
0.339+0.3711
V AB= =0.3525 nm
2
E AB
=344.7 (78.6)=164.6
K
KT 298
= =1.81 :
E AB 164.6
De la figura 2.5.
KT
f ( )
E AB
=0.62
D AB=8.496 x 105 m2 /s
6
d) T =303 K
EB
=78.6 B =0.3711 nm
K
1 /3
=1.18
E
=1.21 T EB
K
D AB=0.86 105 m 2 /s
5 2
e) D AB=0.74 x 10 m / s
Pt1 = 1 atm.
T1 = 3.2 C + 273 = 276.2 k
D AB 1=
104 (1.0840.249
1
M A MB
2
+
1
K T1
) T 13 /2
1
+
1
MA MB
(1)
Pt 1 ( r AB ) f ( )
AB 1
Para el CO2
( K
CO 2=195.2 k
Para el H2
7
( K
H 2 =59.7 k
AB
=(195.2)(59.7)=107.9511 k
K
KT 1 276.2k
= =2.3254
AB 107. 9511 k
KT 1
f ( AB )
=f ( 2.559 )=0.482
Para:
Pt = 1 atm.
T2 = 225C + 273 = 498 k
KT 2 498 k
= =4.613
AB 107. 9511 k
KT 2
f ( AB )
=f ( 4.613 )=0.438
D AB 2=
104 (1.0840.249
1
M A MB
2
+
1
K T2
) T 13 /2
1
+
1
MA MB
(2)
Pt 2 ( r AB ) f ( )
AB 2
T 13 /2
K T1 KT2
f( ) T 13/ 2 f ( )
D AB 1 AB AB
= =
D AB 2 T 23 /2 3/ 2 KT1
T2 f ( )
K T2 AB
f( )
AB
K T1 ( 5 ) 2
(D AB 1 )T 23/ 2 f ( ) 5.31 10 m 0.482 3 /2
AB s 498 k
D AB 2=
3 /2
T1 f (
K T2
)
=
0.438 276.2 k ( )
AB
4 2
D AB 2=1.4147 x 10 m / s
8
D AB 2=14.15 x 105 m 2 /s
Mezcla:
1
V (B) = V
3 T
2
V (C) = V
3 T
Pt = 206. 8 KPa.
T = 54 C + 273 = 327 k
Z = 0.0005 m
M H =2 g/mol
2
M N =2 g /mol
2
M NH =2 g /mol
3
Hallando D NH N 3 2
rNH3 = 0.2900 nm
rH2 = 0.3798 nm
0.2900+0.3798
r NH N =
3 2
2
r NH N =0.3349 nm
3 2
( K
NH =558.3 k
3
( K
N =71.4 k
2
9
( K ) NH 3N 2
= (558.3 k )(71.4 k )=199.656 k
KT 327 k
= =1.6378
NH N 199.656 k
3 2
KT
f
( NH N
=f ( 1.6378 ) =5.8
3 2
)
D NH N = 3 2
4
10 (1.0840.249
1
MA MB
2
+
KT
1
)T
3 /2 1
+
1
M A MB
Pt ( r AB ) f ( )
AB
D NH N =
104 (1.0840.249
1 1
+ )(327 k)3 /2
34 28
1 1
+
34 28
2
(206.8 KPa ) ( 0.3349 x 10 m ) (5.8)
3 2 3
D NH N =0.1145 x 105 m2 /s
3 2
Hallando D NH H 3 2
r NH +r H 0.2900+0.2827
r NH H = 3
= 2
=0.2864 nm .
3 2
2 2
( K
NH =558.3 k 3
( K
H =59.7 k
2
( K ) NH 3H 2
= (558.3 k)(59.7 k)=182.566 k
KT 327 k
= =1.791
NH H 182.566 k
3 2
KT
f
( NH H
=f ( 1.791 )=0.38
3 2
)
D NH H =
104 (1.0840.249
1 1
+ )(327 k )3/ 2
34 2
2
1 1
+
34 2
(206.8 KPa ) ( 0.2864 x 10 m ) (0.38)
3 2 3
10
5 2
D NH H =6.026 x 10 m /s
3 2
1
D A , m= n '
yi
D A ,i
i=B
1
D A , m= ' '
yB y
+ C
DA , B DA,C
1
D A , m=
0.333 0.667
5
+
0.1145 x 10 6.026 x 105
D A , m=0.3312 x 105 m2 / s
Hallando: P A 1
y P A 2
- PB =186.12 KPa
1
- PB =196. 46 KPa
2
186.12 KPa
196.46 KPa
PB PB 196.49 KPa186.12 KPa
PB , m= = 2 1
=191.243 KPa
P B ln ( )
ln
P B ( ) 2
5 2 3
(0.3312 x 10 m / s)(20.68 KPa10.34 KPa) x 206.8 x 10 KPa
N A=
Pam3
8.314 x 0.0005 m x 191.243 KPa x 327 k
molk
5 2
N A =2.724 x 10 Kmol/m s
11
Solucin:
solventeagua =2.26
alcohol etilico=2 C +6 H + O =(20.0148+60.0037+0.0074 )
m3
alcohol etilico=0.0592
Kmol
10 C 3 Kg
agua =1.31 x 10
m. s
T =10 C=283.15 K
( 117.3 x 1018)( M B )0.5T
D AB= 0.6
( 117.3 x 1018)( 2.2618 )0.5283.15 10 m
2
D AB= =8.82 x 10
1.31 x 1030.05920.6 s
2
m
D AB=8.82 x 1010
s
b) Tetracloruro de carbono en soluci6n diluida en alcohol metlico, 15C [valor observado= l.69x105)
cm/s].
solventemetanol =1.9
3
m
CCl 4 = C + 4 Cl =0.0148+ 40.0246=0.1132
Kmol
3 Kg
metanol=0.56 x 10
m. s
Kg
M ste=32
Kmol
T =15 C=188.15 K
2
m
D AB=1.74 x 109
s
2.7) Segn se informa en Int. Crit. Tubles, 5,63, la difusividad del bromoformo
en soluci6n diluida en acetona a 25 C, es 2.90 (10-5) cm2/s. Calcule la
difusividad del ticido benzoico en solucin diluida en acetona a 25 C. Valor
informado [Chang y Wilke, J. Phys. Chem., 59, 592 (1955)= 2.62 cm2/s.]
Solucin:
k k
D AB= 0.6
( 1 ) ; DCB = 0.6
( 2)
A C
19 y ( 2 ) :
igualando expreciones
0.6
D CB =D AB A
C ( )
m2 0.0989 0.6
D CB =2.90 x 10
s
2
9
0.125 ( )
m
D CB =2..51 x 109
s
0.2/58.4998
XNaCl= =0.0715
0.2 0.8
+
58.4998 18.02
Donde:
XH 2O=1XNaCl
XH 2O=10.07515
XH 2O=0.9285
Hallando M 1 :
13
1
M 1= =20.93957 kg/kmol
0.2 0.8
+
58.4998 18.02
T C
10 1152.54
18 NaCl
25 1145.33
Fuente: Perry, J. H. Manual del Ingeniero Qumico. 3 edicin, UTHEA. Mxico, 1966.
3
Tabulando: NaCl=1499.175 kg /m
Halando la relacin de ( M ) 1
3
1499.175 kg /m
( ) =
M 1 20.93957 kg/ kmol
=71.595 kmol/m3
0.1/58.4998
XNaCl= =0.03309
0.1 0.9
+
58.4998 18.02
Donde:
XH 2O=1XNaCl
XH 2O=10.03309
XH 2O=0.96691
Hallando M 1 :
1
M 1= =19.3596 kg/kmol
0.1 0.9
+
58.4998 18.02
T C
10 1074.265
18 NaCl
14
25 1068.885
Fuente: Perry, J. H. Manual del Ingeniero Qumico. 3 edicin, UTHEA. Mxico, 1966.
Halando la relacin de ( M ) 2
3
1071.754 kg /m
( ) =
M 2 19.3596 kg/kmol
=55.360 kmol/m3
( M) (M)
+
( M )av
= 1
2
2
3 3
71.595 kmol / m +55.360 kmol / m
( )
M av
=
2
=63.4775 kmol/ m
3
4 Encontramos X H 2OM
ln ( ( X H 20 M ) 2 / ( X H 20 M ) 1)
( X H 20 M )2( X H 20 M )1
X H 20 M =
0.966910.9285
X H 20 M = =0.9476
ln (0.96691 /0.9285)
5 Teniendo todos nuestros datos procedemos a aplicar la Ec. 2.41
D(NaCl)(H 2 O)
N NaCl =
Z X H 20 M M ( ) NaCl v
( X NaCl2 X NaCl 1)
1.21109 m2
N NaCl =
( s
m3 )(
63.4775 kmol
(0.07150.03309) )
0.001 m0.9476
15
6 2
N NaCl =3.113310 kmol /m s
SOLUCION
2.18105 kg /m . s
=
0.9482kg /m3
=2.299105 m2 /s
k
=
Cp
0.0317 W /m. s
=
(1.047 KJ /kg . K )(0.9482 kg /m3 )
2
Wm
=0.03193
KJ
5 2
=3.19310 m /s
Pr 0.15161
d) Hallando la difusividad D :
Pr = Sc = 0.15161 T = 25C P= 1
atm
Sc = nmero de Schmidt
Sc=
D
2.18105 kg /m. s
D= =
Sc (0.9482 kg /m3 )(0.16161)
4 2
D=1.422610 m / s
De la tabla 2.1:
5 2
O2N 2 D=1.8110 m / s
Datos y suposiciones:
La difusin molecular sucede a travs de una pelcula de agua uniforme, de
0.0305
mm de espesor, que rodea al cristal. En la parte interna de la pelcula,
adyacente a la superficie del cristal, la concentracin del sulfato de cobre es
su valor de solubilidad, 0.0229 fraccin mol de CuSO 4 . , (densidad de la
solucin = 1 193 kg/ m3 ). La superficie externa de la pelcula es agua pura. La
difusividad del CuSO 4 . , es 7.29 ( 1010 ) m2 /s .
SOLUCION:
Temperatura = 293 K
Peso molecular del CuSO 4 = 160
17
0.0229160+ 0.977118
M avg= =21.2518
1
1193
( ) =
M 1 21.2518
=58.136
58.136+55.56
(/ M ) avg= =56.848
2
D AB=7.29 ( 1010 ) m2 /s
N A=
D AB x
( )
M 2
x ln
[ (1X A 3)
(1 X A 1) ]
Z
N A=
7.29 ( 1010 ) x 56.848 x ln [ ( 10)
( 10.229) ]
0.0305103
5 2
N A =3.1510 kmol /m s
18