Tarquino Snchez Almeida.

Ingeniero en Electrnica y Telecomunicaciones y MBA

en Gerencia Empresarial por la Escuela Politcnica Nacional (EPN) y en la Maastricht
School of Management (Pases Bajos) obtuvo un Post Graduate Diploma. Ha sido
decano, subdecano, coordinador de posgrados y docente investigador de la Facultad
de Ingeniera Elctrica y Electrnica de la EPN. Adems, se ha desempeado como
docente invitado en las universidades de Cuenca, De las Amricas e Internacional del
Ecuador. Tambin es autor de varias publicaciones cientficas en revistas indexadas y
de libros de apoyo a la docencia. Actualmente es Vicerrector de Docencia de la Escuela
Politcnica Nacional (2013-2018).

Seguramente no hay nada ms contemporneo que la tec-

nologa de la semiconduccin y los diferentes dispositivos que
con ella se han logrado. Estudiarlos y esforzarnos por entender
el funcionamiento de los complejos sistemas que han logrado
constituye, pues, una de las actividades intelectuales ms
fructferas y urgentes en nuestros das. El presente libro est
dedicado precisamente a ello.
Los dispositivos electrnicos actan unos con otros para
formar circuitos y estos, a la vez, forman redes circuitales ms
complejas que, obedeciendo a leyes y principios elctricos,
permiten brindar soluciones a requerimientos y problemas de
ingeniera. La electrnica actual se enfoca en la bsqueda de
nuevos materiales para el diseo y la manufactura de nuevos
dispositivos y circuitos electrnicos utilizados en la elaboracin
de aparatos, objetos e instrumentos que mejoran la calidad
de vida de las personas. En tal contexto, esta obra recoge la
fundamentacin terica, ofrece sendos ejemplos y ejercicios
propuestos, as como tambin presenta algunas de las apli-
caciones prcticas de los circuitos electrnicos. La exposicin
de estos materiales est organizada progresivamente en tres
partes. En suma, Circuitos electrnicos: ejercicios y aplicaciones
busca ser un til insumo para los estudiantes de ingeniera.

para mayor informacin, visite:

www.epn.edu.ec
Tarquino Snchez Almeida Circuitos electrncios
ejercicios y aplicaciones
Circuitos
electrnicos
ejercicios y aplicaciones

Tarquino Snchez Almeida

ISBN 978-9978-383-27-8


( ) ( )


=


=


= 1.38 1023

= 1.6 1019

26
=

= ()
, = ( )

,
0

= [1.1]

 ( )

= = = [1.2]

( )

=
( + 1)
1 +1

[1.3]

( + 1) [1.4]

= [1.5]
= 1 2

1
> [1.6]

=

= [1.7]

CE

=
+



10
[1.8]



= = = [1.9]

=
( + 1) ( + )
1 +1

[1.10]
+

( + 1) ( + ) [1.11]

= [1.12]
= 1 2

1
> [1.13]

=

= [1.14]


= +

[1.15]
+
= ( + 1) ( + ) [1.16]

CE

.
||

=
+ +
. +
2 : + <
10
[1.17]
( + )

 = + + , [1.18]

= 0.2

2 [1.19]






[1.20]

[1.21]


+ + [1.22]
+ + + + [1.23]

1.1 [1.24]

= 0.5 sen V 1 k
= 50, = 80, = 100. 1 kHz
20 kHz
 =

= = =
2 2
=

| | = 10
= 50
= 0.5 ()
= 1
= 1

: >
=
= | | = 10 0.5 = 5
= 1
= = 2 1 = 666.67
2

= (5 )(1.1) = 16.5
666.67
1.1 = (10% 20%)
.
16.5
= = = 8.25 =
2
1 < < 10
.
8.25
= = = 165
50
23 (300
(1.3806503 10 ) )
= = 19
= 25.852
1.6021765 10
:
=
=
 =
=

: = 26

26
= = = 3.15
8.25
666.67 68
= = 3.15 = 63.52
| | 10 62
=

+ + 5 + 0.5 + 2 7.5
= 8
1 = + = 16.5 + 8 0,7 = 23.8
1 = 11 = 11(165 ) = 1.82
1 23.8 15
1 = = = 13.07
1 1.82 13
=

1 23.8
1 = = = 1.83
1 13
2 = 1 = 1.83 165 = 1.67
1 + 1 + 0.5 1.5
= 2
2
= = = 242.42
8.25
200
= = 242.42 62 = 180.42
180

=

= + = 2 + 0.7 2.7
2.7 1.8
2 = = = 1.61
2 1.67 1.6
= .
 + + 16.5 + 8 + 2 26.5
=

= ( + 1)( + ) = (50 + 1)(3.15 + 62 ) = 3.32

= 1 2 = 1.6 13 3.32 = 996.88

666.67
| | = = = 10.23
+ 3.15 + 62

10 10
2.39
2 2 1 666.67
= .
10 10

2 ( + ) 2 1 (3.15 + 62 )
= 24.43
=
10 10
= 1.59
2 2 1 996.88
= .
 | | = 40
= 50
= 0.1 ()
= 1
= 3.3
1

:

| | =
+

( + ) = =

:
=
= ( + 1)( + )


( + ) = =
( + 1) ( + 1)

:

< + <
+1 | |

?
1 3.3
< + <
50 + 1 40
 19.61 < + < 82.5

: + = 40

| | =
+
= | |( + ) = (40)(40 ) = 1.6
3.3 1.6 3.3
= = = 3.11
3.3 1.6 3.0
=

= | | = 40 0.1 = 4
= 3.3
= = 3 3.3 = 1.57
3
=
= (4 )(1.1) = 8.41
1.57
1.1 = (10% 20%)
.
8.41
= = = 2.80 =
3
1 < < 10
.
2.80
= = = 56
50
23 (300
(1.3806503 10 ) )
= = = 25.852
1.6021765 1019
donde:
=
=
=
=
: = 26
26
= = = 9.29
2.80
 1.57 30
= = 9.29 = 29.96
| | 40 27
=

+ + 4 + 0.1 + 2 6.1
= 6.5

1 = + = 8.41 + 6.5 0.7 = 14.21

1 = 11 = 11(56 ) = 0.62
1 14.21 24
1 = = = 22.92
1 0.62 22
=

1 14.21
1 = = = 0.59
1 24
2 = 1 = 0.59 56 = 0.53
= 1
= ( + 1)( + ) = (50 + 1)(9.29 + 30 ) = 2.0
(1 )(2.0 )
= = = 2.0
2.0 1
1 (2.0 )(24 ) 2.2
2 > > > 2.18
1 24 2.0 2.0
2 = 2.2

: + 1 + 0.7 1.7
= 2 2 = (2.2 )(0.53 ) = 1.17 1.7
2
= 2 2 = (3.9 )(0.53 ) = 2.07 1.7
= .

= = 2.07 0.7 = 1.37

: + 1 1.1
 1.37
= = = 489.29
2.80
470
= = 489.29 30 = 459.29
430

= = ( + ) = (2.80 )(30 + 470 ) = 1.4

= + + = 8.41 + 6.5 + 1.4 = 16.31
=

1.57
| | = = = 39.96
+ 9.29 + 30
= 1 2 = 24 3.9 2.0 = 1.25

10 10
1.01
2 2 1 1.57
= .
10 10

2 ( + ) 2 1 (9.29 + 30 )
= 40.51
=
10 10
= 1.27
2 2 1 1.25
= .
A partir del desarrollo anterior se obtuvo:
= 3
= 4
= 3.3
= 1.57
= 8.41
= 2.80 =
= 56
= 9.29
= 30
= 6.5
= 2.0

Aplicando el mtodo 2:

: + 1 1.1
= 2
2
= = = 714.29
2.80
750
= = 714.29 30 = 684.29
680

=

= = ( + ) = (2.80 )(30 + 680 ) = 1.99

= + = 1.99 + 0.7 = 2.69
2 = 10 = 10(56 ) = 0.56
2.69 5.1
2 = = = 4.80
2 0.56 4.7
= .

= + + = 8.41 + 6.5 + 1.99 = 16.9

=
1 = = 18 2.69 = 15.31
1 = 2 + = 0.56 + 56 = 0.62
1 15.31 27
1 = = = 24.69
1 0.62 24
=

1.57
| | = = = 39.96
+ 9.29 + 30
= 1 2 = 24 5.1 2.0 = 1.36

10 10
1.01
2 2 1 1.57
= .
10 10

2 ( + ) 2 1 (9.29 + 30 )
= 40.51
=
10 10
= 1.17
2 2 1 1.36
= .
 1 2

= 3
= 4
= 3.3
= 1.57
= 8.41
= 2.80 =
= 56
= 9.29
= 30
= 6.5
= 2.0
Aplicando el mtodo 3:
= 1
(1 )(2.0 )
= = = 2.0
2.0 1
= 1 2
1 = 2
4.3
2 = 1 = 2 = 2(2.0 ) = 4.0
3.9
= =
= + +

=
2

= = 0.7
2

= + + = + + + + 0.7
2
= 2( + + + 0.7 )
= 2(8.41 + 4 + 0.1 + 2 0.7 ) = 27.62
 =
30
= = = 15
2 2
30
= 0.7 = 0.7 = 14.3
2 2
14.3
= = = 5.11
2.80
5.1
= = 5.11 30 = 5.08
4.7

= .

1.57
| | = = = 39.96
+ 9.29 + 30
= 1 2 = 10 10 2.0 = 1.43

10 10
1.01
2 2 1 1.57
= .
10 10

2 ( + ) 2 1 (9.29 + 30 )
= 40.51
=
10 10
= 1.11
2 2 1 1.43
= .

= = = [1.25]

= = [1.26]

+
( + 1)
= 1 2

[1.27]


= + [1.28]
( + 1)

= || [1.29]

1
> [1.30]

= ||

= [1.31]

= = = [1.32]

= = [1.33]
||
+
( + 1)

||

=

+
( + 1)


( + 1)

= [1.34]

 = [1.35]

= || = [1.36]

10
[1.37]



10
[1.38]


: = =
+ ||
( + 1)

||

=

+
( + 1)


( + 1)
( + 1)
10
[1.39]
( + 1)

= 2fmin )

= 20
= 100
= 0.1 ()
 = 1
= 1
100

= =

+
+1
=



=


= =

?
1
= = = 50
20

Por lo anterior se modifica el problema:
= 6.8
6.8
= = = 340
20

100 < < 340

: = 200
(20)(200 ) = 4.0
6.8 4.0 10
9.71
6.8 4.0 9.1
=
 = | | = 20 0.1 = 2
= 6.8
= = 10 6.8 = 4.05
10

(2 ) 4.4
4.05
=

11
= = = 1.1 =
10
1 < < 10
.

1.1
= = = 10.89
100
26
= = = 23.64
1.1
+ 2 0.1 + 2 3.9

=

+
+1
4.0
= ( ) ( + 1) = ( 23.64 ) (100 + 1) = 17.81
20
1 = + = 11 + 3.9 0.7 = 15.6
1 = 11 = 11(10.89 ) = 0.12
1 15.6 150
1 = = = 130
1 0.12 130
=

1 (17.81 )(130 ) 22
2 > > > 20.64
1 130 17.81 20
=

= 1 2 = 130 20 = 17.33
 17.33
= + = 23.64 + = 195.22
+1 100 + 1
2 = 1 = 0.12 10.89 = 0.11
: + 1 + 0.7 1.7
= 2 2 = (20 )(0.11 ) = 2.2 1.7

= = 2.2 0.7 = 1.5

: + 1 1.1
1.5 1.5
= = = 1.36
1.1 1.3
= .

= = (1.1 )(1.3 ) = 1.43

= + + = 11 + 3.9 + 1.43 = 16.33
=

= = 1.3 195.22 = 169.73

4 k
= = = 20.48
17.33
+ 23.64 +
+1 100 + 1

10 10
0.39 F
2 2 1 kHz 4.0 k
= F
10 10
= 9.38
2 2 1 169.73
= F



= =+1 [1.40]

=
+
1 [1.41]

= = ( + 1)( + ) [1.42]

= || [1.43]

= = + [1.44]
+1

= ||

 [1.45]

10
[1.46]

10
[1.47]

10
= [1.48]

= 80
= 2 ()
= 1
= 470 k
2.0 k

=
+

( + ) = =


=
= ( + 1)( + )


( + ) = =
( + 1) ( + 1)


< + <
+1 | |
 = ( + 1)( + )
= 2.0 k

2.0
> > = 19.8
( + 1) 100 + 1
470 19.8 22
> > > 20.67
470 19.8 20
=
= = 1 k 470 = 319.73
= = 2
1 k
=
= (2 V)(1.2) = 7.5 V
319.73
1.2 = (10% 20%)
.
= 2 = 2(7.5 )
=
7.5
= = = 7.5
1
1 < < 10
.
7.5
= = = 93.75
80
26
= = = 3.47
7.5
2 = = + = 7.5 + 0.7 = 8.2
2 = 10 = 10(93.75 ) = 0.94
2 8.2 9.1
2 = = = 8.72
2 0.94 8.2
= .
1 = 11 = 11(93.75 ) = 1.03
1 = = 15 8.2 = 6.8
 1 6.8 6.8
1 = = = 6.6
1 1.03 6.2
= . .
= ( + 1)( + ) = (80 + 1)(3.47 + 319.73 ) = 26.18 k
= 1 2 = 6.8 k 9.1 k = 3.89 k

319.73
= = = 0.99
+ 3.47 + 319.73
= 1 2 = 6.8 9.1 26.18 = 3.39

10 10
= 4.97
2 2 1 319.73
=
10 10
= 0.47
2 2 1 3.39
=
 t

Vin 0.5sent[V ] f mn 1[kHz] RL 1[k] mn 50

Z in 6[k] VO 1[V ] | Av | 15

mn 50 f mn 1[kHz] RL 4.7[k]

Z in 300[] Vin 0.2[V ] | Av | 10

mn 100 f mn 800[ Hz] RL 10[k]

Z in 10[k] VO 2[V ] mn 80

f mn 1[kHz] RL 4.5[k]


= 0

= = 0
= = 0
=
 2

= (1 ) [1.49]

: , , []

= | [1.50]

=

: , [Siems]

| [1.51]

=


= (1 ) [1.52]

: , .
2
= [1.53]

2
= (1 ) [1.54]

= |

=

1
= = |

=

:
= ( ) [1.55]

= 100 k
= 4.45 mS
= 445

= [1.56]
+ + ( + 1)
+ ( + 1) [1.57]

= = [1.58]


[1.59]

> + + [1.60]
> | | [1.61]
> [1.62]
> + + + + [1.63]
= [1.64]
= || = [1.65]
= [1.66]
= || = [1.67]
| | = 10
= 0.1 ()
= 1
= 6.8 k
100

= 10
= 4
= 120

=
| | =
10
= 2 = 2 = 5
4
: = .
= | | = 10 0.1 = 1
= 6.8
= = 6.8 k 6.8 k = 3.4 k
6.8 k
=
= (1 V) = 2 V 1.2 = 2.4 V
3.4 k
1.2 = (10% 20%)
.
= 10
1 2
< <
3 3
1.33 < < 6.67
2.4
= = = 0.35
6.8
: = 15
 15
= = = 2.21 =
6.8 k
2
= (1 )

2.21
= (1 ) = (1 ) (4 ) = 2.12
10

10 2.12
= 2 (1 ) = 2 (1 ) = 2.35
4 4
| | = = 2.35 3.4 k = 7.99
10

: | | = 7.5

=
+ + ( + 1)
= = (2.35 mS)(120 k) = 282
1
= ( )
( + 1)
(282)(3.4 k) 1 16
= ( 120 k 3.4 k) = 15.69
7.5 (282 + 1) 15
=
= = 2.12 V
2.12 V
= = = 959.28
2.21 mA
1 k
= = 959.28 15 = 944.28
910
=
= + = 15 + 1 k = 1.015 k
= = (2.21 )(1.015 k) = 2.24
> | | = 4
= | | = 7.5 0.1 = 0.75
+ + + + = 15 + 0.75 + 0.1 + 4 + 2.24
= 22.09
 =

(282)(3.4 k)
= = = 7.51
+ + ( + 1) 120 k + 3.4 k + (282 + 1)(15 )
= 100 =

10

2
10
0.013
2 1 120
= .

=
+ + ( + 1)
+
1
=

1
=

10

2
10(2.35 )
3.74
2 1
= .

+
=


 +
10

2 ( + )
10
0.12
2 1 (6.8 k + 6.8 k)
= .

=
+ +
+

10

2 ( + )

= 1 [1.68]
+ +
1
= = [1.69]

1
= 1 0 [1.70]
+
1
= = [1.71]

1
= ( ) [1.72]

1
= [1.73]

= 0.1 () V
= 1 kHz = 3 k 10 M

= 10 mA
= 4 V
= 120 k

=
1 +
 =

=


>1

>
> 3 k

: = .
= = 4.7 k 3 k = 1.83 k
4.7
=
= (2 ) = 5.14 1.2 = 6.16
1.83
1.2 = (10% 20%)
.
= 10
1 2
< <
3 3
1.33 < < 6.67
= 10
10
= = = 2.18 =
4.7
2
= (1 )

2.18
= (1 ) = (1 ) (4 ) = 2.13
10

10 2.13
= 2 (1 ) = 2 (1 ) = 2.34
4 4
= + = 2.13 + 10 = 7.87
= 2 = 2(10 ) = 20
=
 (2.34 )(1.83 )
= = = 0.81
1 + 1 + (2.34 )(1.83 )
= 10 M =

10 10
0.16 F
2 2 1 10
=
10 10(2.34)
= = 2.03 F
2 2 1 1.83
=

RL = R D R L [1.74]
gm + gd
Av = g m RL [1.75]
1
+ gd
RL
1
Zin = R S [1.76]
gm
Zo = RL rd RL [1.77]

Vin 0.1V RL 1k Av 20
g m 2.25mS Vp 4V I DSS 4mA
rd 90k


+ Vcc

In V- Vo
G
In V+ Salida

- Vcc

=
=
=
= +
=

= 0

= 0 V = 0 =

+ Vcc

In V-
G Vo=G Vd=G (V+ - V-)
In V+

- Vcc

= + > 0
= < 0
donde =

 + + =
+ = + = 0

( )
(+ )
+ =

= +
0
+ = = 0

Ley de nodos de Kirchhoff

:
+
=0V (. )
+ : 0 + = 0 + = 0
= +
0 0
. 1: =


=


=



= [. ]

Funcin de transferencia es independiente de G y depende de las
resistencias externas.
La realimentacin de la salida a la entrada a travs de sirve para
llevar la tensin diferencial de = = + a cero, es decir
= 0 V.
Como + = 0 la realimentacin negativa tiene el efecto de llevar a a
cero, por lo tanto en el A.O. V+ = V- = 0 y existe una tierra virtual. El
trmino virtual significa que V- = 0 (potencial de tierra) pero no fluye
corriente real en este cortocircuito, debido a que no puede fluir ninguna
corriente para V- y para V+ debido a Ren .
 = +
0 V
+ = = 0 A

Ley de nodos de Kirchhoff

: + + + =0V .

+ : 0 + = 0 + = 0 V
= +
0 0 0 0
. 1: + + + =0V


+ + + =0V


= ( + + )



= [. ]

=

= +
0 V
+ = = 0 A
Ley de nodos de Kirchhoff
0
: + =0V .

+ : + = 0 V + =
= +
0
. 1: + =0V


+ =0V


=


=

= 1


=+


= + [. ]

1 = 0.5 (1 ) V
2 = 1 (2 ) V
4 = 1 k
1 = 10 k
 = +
0 V
+ = = 0 A

: =
1

+ : 1 + = 0 V + = 1
0 1
: + =0V

0 1 1 1
+ =0V

1
1 = 1 (1 + ) = 1 (1 + ) . 1

2

+ : 0 V + = 0 V + = 0 V
1 2
: + =0V

1 0 V 2 0 V
+ =0V


2 =
1
1
2 = . 2

: =
2

+ : 2 + = 0 V + = 2
0 V 2
: + =0V

0 V 2 2 2
+ =0V

 1
2 = 2 (1 + ) = 2 (1 + ) . 3

1

+ : 0 + = 0 V + = 0 V
2 1
: + =0V

2 0 V 1 0 V
+ =0V


1 =
2
2
2 = . 4

. 1 + . 4
1 2
1 = 1 (1 + ) . 5

. 2 + . 3
1 1
2 = 2 (1 + ) . 6

3

1
: + =0V
4 1
2 + 0 V +
+ : + =0V
4 1
2 + +
+ =0V
4 1
1
+ = 2 . 7
1 + 4
. 7
1
+ =0V
4 1
1
= ( 01 ) . 8
4 2
. 5 6 . 8
 1 1 1 1 2
= {[2 (1 + ) ] [1 (1 + ) ]}
4
1 2
= (1 + ) (2 1 )
4
10 k 2
= 1 k
(1 + ) (1 sen(2 ) V + 0.5 sen(1 ) V)
2
= 10 (1 + ) (1 sen(2 ) + 0.5 sen(1 ) ) V

= +
0 V
+ = = 0 A

0 V
: + =0V .

1 + 2 +
+ : + = 0 V .
10
= +

. 1: + =0V

1 1
( + ) =


= ( ) . 3
+
1 + 2 +
. 2: + =0V
10
1 2 1 1
= + ( + )
10 10
101 2
+ = . 4
11
. 3 . 4
101 2
( )=
+ 11

= ( + ) ( )



+1

< 0


1 2 1 2 .

01 = 1 1
02 = 2 2
= (1 2 ) [2.1]
 AvT = 1 Av2 Avn [2.2]

= 1 2 [2.3]

Po
APT = Pi
= Avt Ait [2.4]

Z in1 RBB1 || Z inT1

RBB1 RB1 || RB 2
RBB1 20 k || 4 k 3.3 k
VCC VBE 20 V 0.7 V

20 k 3.3 k
R RBB1
I B1 B1
(1 ) RE (51)(1 k)
1 1
RBB1 3.3 k
1mA 0.21 mA
I B1 48 A
16.45
Ic1 I B1 50 48A 2.4 mA
VT 26 mV
re1 10.83
I C1 2.4 mA

Z inT1 ( 1)(re )
Z inT1 (51)(10.83 ) 552.3
 Zin1 20 k|| 4 k || 552.3 473

Zo RC 2 || RL

Z o 2 k|| 1 k 666

I in1RBB1
I B1
RBB1 Z inT 1

3.33 k
I B1 I in1
3.33 k 0.55 k
I B1 0.87Iin1
I C1RC1
I 01
RC1 RBB 2 ZinT 2

RBB 2 10 k|| 2 k 1.6 k

20 V 0.7 V

I B2 10 k 1.6 k 50 A
51 1 k
1
1.6 k
I E 2 I B 2 50 50 A 2.5 mA
V 26 mV
re 2 T 10.4
I E 2 2.5 mA
ZinT 2 ( 1)(re R'E 2 ) 51(10.4 120 ) 6.6 k
 4 k( IC1 )
I 01 0.76 IC1 ; 0.87 I IN 1
4 k 1.6 k || 6.6 k
I 01
Ai1 0.76 0.87 50 33
I IN 1

I i 2 RBB 2 1.6 k I i 2
I B2 0.2 I in 2
RBB 2 Z in 2 1.6 k 6.6 k
2 k 50 0.2 I in 2
I 02 6.66 I in 2
2 k 1 k
Ai 2 6.66

AiT Ai 1 Ai 2 (33)(6.66) 220

RC1 || RBB 2 || Z IN 2 4 k || 1.6 k || 6.6 k

Av1 89.95
re1 10.83
R || RL 2 k || 1 k 0.66 k
Av 2 C 2 5.11
re R'E 2 10.4 120 130
AvT Av1 Av 2 (89.95)(5.11) 459.644

Cunto vale el mximo que puede ingresar sin que se produzca

recortes?

V 'C VCQ I C ( R'L )

V 'C VC I C R'L (2.48 mA)(2 k //1 k)

Vo I C 2 R'L 2.5mA (2 k || 1 k) 1.6 V.

Vo 1.6 V
Vin 3.5 mV
AvT 459.644
2

I DSS 10 mA
Vp 4 V

RBB 2 RB1 || RB 2 15 k || 4.7 k 3.58 k

VCC VBE 20 V 0.7 V

RB1 RBB 2
IB2 15 k 3.58 k 19.3 A
1 ( 1) RE 1 (201)(1 K)
RBB 2 3.5 k

I E 2 I B 2 200 19.3 A 3.86 mA

VT 26 mV
re 6.84
I E 2 3.8 mA
Zin 2 RBB 2 || ( 1)(re ) 3.58 k || (201)(6.84 ) 943

2
V I RS
2

I D I DSS 1 GS 10mA1 D 10mA1 170 I D n

2

VP 4

I D 10mA 3.4 I D 28900 I D

2

I D 2.78mA I D 12mA

VGS I S RS 2.78 mA 0.68 k 1.89V

2 I DSS 2(10 mA)

gm0 5 mS
VP 4

V 19 V
g m g m 0 1 GS (5 mS) 1 2.6 mS
VP 4V

Av1 gm ( RD || Zin 2 ) (2.6 mS)( 2.4 k || 0.943 k 1.76

RC 2.2 k
Av 2 321.64
re 6.84
AvT Av1 Av 2 (1.76)(321.64) 566

V0 1 sen( x) mV 566 0.566 sen( x) V

Zo 2.2 k

Zin1 Zi 3.3 M

RC1 || 2 RE 2
Av1
RE 1
RC 2 || RL
Av 2
RE 2
 VCC VBE 12 V 0.7 V

RB1 RBB1
I B1 300 k 150 k 26.6 A
( 1) RE 41 1.2 k
1 1
RBB1 150 k
I E1 I B1 40 26.6 A 1.064 mA
VE1 I E1 RE1 1.064 mA1.2 k 1.27 V
VRC1 RC1 I E1 3 k 1.064 mA 3.19 V
VC1 VCC VRC1 12 V 3.2 V 8.8 V

VB 2 8.8 V
VE 2 VB 2 VBE 8.8 V 0.7 V 8.1V
VE 2 8.1V
IE2 7.33 mA
RE 2 1.1k
VRC 2 RC 2 I E 2 0.8 k 7.33 mA 5.86 V
VT 26 mV
re 2 3.5
I E 2 7.33 mA
VC 2 VCC VRC 2 12 V 5.86 V 6.1V

Z in1 RB1 || RB 2 || ( 1)(re RE1 ) 150 || 41 (24.4 1.2 k 37.6 k

Z in 2 ( 1)(re 2 RE 2 ) 101 (3.5 1.1k 111.45 k

RC1 || Z in 2 3 k || 11.5 k
Av1 2.48
re1 RE1 24.4 1.2 k
 RC 2 || RL 10 k || 0.8 k
Av 2 0.67
re2 RE 2 35 1.1k

37.6 k
Ai 1.66 78.04
0.8 k

ApT Av1 Av 2 Ai 129.15


Vi

 | | = 120
= 100
= 0.01 sen() V
= 1kHz
= 4.7 k
1.5 k

1 > 2 :
1 = 10 2 = 12

RC 2 RL 4.7 k
RL
R' L RC 2 || RL
2
R' L 2.35 k
 RL RC 2
R ' L RL || RC
R ' L RC 2
Ic altas

RC 2 RL
R' L RC 2 || RL
R ' L RL

Si : RC 2 RL 4.7 k

RL 4.7 k
R' L 2.35 k
2 2
2 4.7 k
2
= 120 10 mV = 2.4 V 1.2
2.35 k
1.2 = (10% 20%)

.
VRC 2 2.88 V

VRC 2 2.88 V
IC2 0.612 mA I E 2
RC 2 4.7 k
VT 26 mV
re 2 42.48
I E 2 0.612 mA
VE 2 Vin 1V

si : VE 2 2 V
2V
RE 2 3267.97
0.612 mA
R' L
Av 2
re 2 R' E 2
 R' L 2.35 k 160
R' E 2 re 2 42.48 153.35
Av 2 12 150
R'E 2 150

3.3 k
RE 2 ' ' RE 2 R' E 2 3267.97 150 3117.97
3.0 k
R''E 2 3 K

RE 2 R' E 2 R' ' E 2 150 3 k 3.15 k

VE 2 I E 2 RE 2 0.612 mA 3.15 k 1.92 V
2 = 2 + + 2 V = (10 mV 10) + (10 mV 120) + 2 V = 3.3 V
VCC VE 2 VCE 2 VRC 2 1.92 V 3.3 V 2.88 V 8.1V

VCC 10 V

IC2 0.612 mA
I B2 6.12 A
100
I 22 10 I B 2 10 6.12 A 61.2 A
I12 10 I B 2 11 6.12 A 67.32 A

VE 2 VBE 1.92 V 0.7 V 43 k

RB 22 42.81k
I 22 61.2 A 39 k
RB 22 39 k

VCC (VE 2 VBE ) 10 V (1.92 V 0.7 V) 110 k

RB 21 109.625 k
I12 67.32 A 100 k
RB 21 110 k
Z inT 2 ( 1)(re 2 R' E 2 ) 101 42.48 150 ) 19.44 k

RBB 2 RB 21 || RB 22 39 k || 110 k 28.791k

Z in 2 Z inT 2 RBB 2 19.44 k || 28.79 k 11.6 k

12 k
RC1 Z in 2
11k
RC1 11k
R'L1 Zin 2 || RC1 11.6K // 11K 5.64K
1
1

1
11k
VRC1 10 mV10 0.195 V
5.64 k
VRC1 3 V

VRC1 3V
I C1 0.27 mA I E1
RC1 11k
VT 26 mV
re1 95.3
I E1 0.27 mA

Asumir : VE1 2 V
VE1 2V
RE1 7.3 k
I E1 0.27 mA
R' L1
Av1
re1 R' E1

5.64 k 470
R ' E1 95.3 468.7
10 430
R'E 1 470

8.2 k
R' 'E1 RE1 R'E1 7.3 k 470 6.83 k
6.8 k
R''E 1 8.2 k
I C1 0.27 mA
I B1 2.7 A
100
I 21 10 I B1 10 2.7 A 27 A
I11 11 I B1 11 0.27 A 29.7 A
VE1 VBE 2 V 0.7 V
RB 21 100 k
I 21 27 A

RB 21 100 k
 VCC (VE1 VBE ) 10 V 2.7 V 270 k
RB11 245.8 k
I11 29.7 A 240 k
RB11 270 k
ZinT1 ( 1)(re1 R'E1 ) 101(95.3 470) 57.09 k

RBB1 RB 21 || RB11 100 k || 270 k 72.97 k

Z in RBB1 || Z inT 1 57.09 k || 72.97 k 32.03 k

10 10
1 0.28 F
2 1 2 1 kHz 5.64
= F
10 10
1 = 2.82 F
2 ( + 1 ) 2 1 kHz (95.3 + 470 )
= . F
10 10
1 = 0.05 F
2 1 2 1 kHz 32.03 k
= F
10 10
2 0.68 F
2 2 2 1 kHz 2.35 k
= F
10 10
2 = 8.27 F
2 ( + 2 ) 2 1 kHz (42.48 + 150 )
= F
10 10
2 = 0.14 F
2 2 2 1 kHz 11.6 k
= F

5.64 k
|1 | = = 9.98
95.3 + 470
2.35 k
|2 | = = 12.21
42.48 + 150
| | = | | | | = . . = .
Zin 32.03 k 1.50 k
 Vi =10 mV
Av = 200
RL = 4.7 k
Zint >100 k

gm = 2.2 mS
IDSS = 4 mA
rd = 40 k
Vp = -4 V
2 2 1 1 1 = 2 = 1 = 2
3
1 = 3 = [2.5]
(3 + 2 + 1 )
(2 + 3 )
2 = [2.6]
(3 + 2 + 1 )
2 = 2 [2.7]
1= 2 = 2 [2.8]
3

(3 + 2 + 1 )
1 =
( + 1)

1
1 = (+1) [2.9]

= [2.10]
2
= 1
[2.11]

= [2.12]
2

2 = 2
2
= 1 [2.13]
1

= [2.14]
2
 2
= ( )( ) = [2.15]
1 2 1

= 1 = 3 2 1 [2.16]
1 = (1 + 1)(1 ) [2.17]

1 2
2 = 2 + [2.18]
(2 + 1)
1 2
2 +
(2 + 1)
= [2.19]
1

= [2.20]
2
2 + 1
(2 + 1)
1 2
2 +
(2 + 1)
= ( )( )= [2.21]
1 1
2 + 1 2
(2 + 1)
= 1 = 3 2 1 1 [2.22]
1 = (1 + 1)(1 ) [2.23]
RB2 .
= [2.24]
= [2.25]

=
[2.26]

= [2.27]

= [2.28]

Vo max
AvT
Vin max

Vo max IC R'L

R'L RC || RL 3.3 k || 3.3 k 1.65 k

IC I E I D I S
2
V
I D I DSS 1 GS
VP
VG 0

VGS VS I D RS

I 1k
2

I D 10 mA1 D
4V

I 1K I D 2 1k 2
I D 10 mA1 D

2 16

I D 10 m 5I D 625I D
2

I D1 2.14 mA
VGS1 I D1RS (2.14 mA)(1k 2.14 V

Se escoge esta respuesta por: | | < | |

I D1 7.45 mA
VGS 2 7.45 V
Vo max 2.14 mA 1.65 k 3.53 V
=
2 I DSS VGS
gm 1
VP VP

2 10 mA 2.14 V
gm 1 2.32 mS
4V 4V
AvT 2.32 mS 1.65 k 3.83
Vo max 3.53 V
Vin max 0.92 V
AvT 3.83

+:
R
VRC C Vop
R'L
:
VCE2 Vop2 Vip 2 VCE min

VCE1 Vop1 Vip1 VCE min

VE1 1V

10
CS
2 f Zin

10
CE
2 f re
10
CB
2 f RBB1
RBB1 RB1 || RB 2

10
CC
2 f R' L
 0 = 2.5 sen() V
= 100
= 0.02 sen() V
= 1kHz
2 k
= 2.2 k

Es posible disear con estos datos?:

Zin Zin1 RB3 || RB 2 || ZinT1

RBB RB3 || RB 2

Zin |RBB ZinT1 ZinT 1

Zin ZinT 1 1 1re1 2 k

2 k 2 k
re1 min 19.8
1 101

re 2 R'L R'L
| AvT || Av1 || Av 2 |
re1 re 2 re1

R'L R'L |max

| AvT | re1 |max
re 1 | AvT |
 2.5 V
= = = 125
20 mV
RL 2.2 k
re1max 17.6
| AvT | 125
re1min re1 re1max

Zin R
re1 L
1 | AvT |

19.8 re1 17.6

No es posible realizar este diseo con los datos planteados.

Disear un amplificador cascode que cumpla con los siguientes requisitos:

| | = 50
= 120
= 0.01 sen() V
= 1 kHz
= 2.2 k
2 k

Es posible disear con estos datos?

Zin Zin1 RB3 || RB 2 || ZinT 1
RBB 23 RB3 || RB 2

Zin |RBB 23ZinT1 ZinT 1

Zin ZinT 1 1 1 re1 2 k

2 k 2 k
re1 min 16.52
1 121
 re 2 R'L R'L
| AvT || Av1 || Av 2 |
re1 re 2 re1

R'L RL '|max
| AvT | re1 |max
re1 | AvT |
RL 2.2 k
re1max 44
| AvT | 50

re1min re1 re1max

Zin R
re1 L
1 | AvT |

16.52 re1 44

Si es posible disear pero con un rango muy bajo.

1 = 30
RL re1 AV 30 50 1500

RL R'L 2.2 k 1.5 k 5.1k

RC 4.77 k
RL R'L 2.2 k 1.5 k 4.7 k
RC 4.7 k

R'L RC || RL 1.5 k



4.7 k
VRC 20mV 50 3.13[V ] 1.2 3.76[V ]
1.5 k
Asumir : VRC 4 V
 VRC 4V
IC 0.85 mA I E
RC 4.7 k
VT 26 mV
re1 re 2 30.55
I C 0.85 mA

VE1 1V
= 2

VE 2V 2.4 k
RE 2.35 k
I E 0.85 mA 2.2 k
RE 2.4 k

VCE 2 Vo 2 Vin2 VCE min VCE1 Vo1 Vo2 VCE min

VCE 2 50 20 mV 20 mV 2 V

VCE1 20 mV 20 mV 2 V

VCE 2 2.98 V

VCE1 2.04 V

VCC VRC VCE 2 VCE1 VE

VCC 4 V 2.98 V 2.04 V 2 V 11V

Se estandariza en: VCC 12V

VB1 VE 0.7 V 2.7 V

IC 0.85 mA
I B1 7 A
1 121
I1 12 I B1 84.4 A
I 2 11 I B1 77.36 A
I3 10 I B1 70.33A
Vcc VB 2 V V V
RB1 RB 2 B 2 B1 RB 3 B1
I1 I2 I3

VB 2 VBE 2 VCE1 VE1

VB 2 0.7 V 2.04 V 2 V
VB 2 4.74 V
 12 V 4.74 V
RB1
84.4 A
4.74 V 2.7 V
RB 2
77.36 A
2.7 V
RB 3
70.33 A
91k
RB1 86 k
82 k

27 k
RB 2 26.36 k
24 k

39 k
RB 3 38 k
36 k
Estandarizando:
RB1 82 k
RB 2 27 k
RB 3 39 k

ZinT1 ( 1)(re )12130.55 3.7 k

Zin RB3 || RB 2 || ZinT1 39 k || 27 k || 3.7 k 15.95 k || 3.7 k

Zin 3 k

R'L 1.5 k
Av 49.1
re1 30.55

10 10
CS 0.53F
2 f min Zin 2 1kHz 3 k

C S 1F

10 10
CE 52 F
2 f min re 2 1kHz 30.55

C E 100 F
RBB1 RB1 || RB 2 20.31k
10 10
CB 0.078 F
2 f min RBB1 2 1kHz 20.31k

C B 0.1F
10 10
CC 0.96 F
2 f min R'L 2 1kHz 1.5 k

CC 1F

=
{ 1
2 =

= 1 [2.29]
= 2 [2.30]
1 = 2 [2.31]
= 1 + 2 = 1 1 + 2 2 = 1 1 + 2 1
= 1 1 + 2 (1 + 1 )1
 = [1 + 2 (1+1 )] [2.32]

= = [1 + 2 (1 + 1 )] [2.33]

Si 1 , 2 >>1 1 2 + 1
Si 1 , 2 >> 1 1 2
Si 1 = 2 =
= 2 [2.34]

= ( 1
+1)
+ 2 [2.35]
2

1 = 2 =
1 2
2 = (2 + 1)1 [2.36]
1
2 = =
(2 + 1)1 (2 + 1)
= 2 + 2
= 22 [2.37]

Clculo de DC y reDC .
= 1 [2.38]
1 = 2 [2.39]
= 2 = (1 + 2 )2 = (1 + 2 )1
= (1 + 2 )1 1
= (1 + 2 )1 [2.40]

= 1 (1 + 2 ) [2.41]

Si 1, 2 >> 1 DC 12
Si 1 = 2 =
DC = 2 [2.42]
= 1 + 2
= 1 + 2 2
= 1 + 2 1
= 1 + 2 1 1
= 1 (1 + 2 1 )

1
= (1 + 2 1 ) [2.43]

Nota: La ltima frmula indica que cualquier impedancia que hay en emisor
de Q1 puede ser transferida a emisor de Q2 dividiendo por (1 + 2 1 ) .

1 +
= 1+ [2.44]
2 1

Si 11 y 2 1
1 +
= 2
[2.45]

Si 1 = 2 =
= 2 = [2.46]

= [2.47]
+

= ( + ); [2.48]
= || [2.49]

[2.50]

= 1.4 [2.51]
2 [2.52]
+
= 1 [2.53]
10

Si 1 = 2 =
Ai 2 D [2.54]

= [2.55]
+

= ( + ); [2.56]
= || [2.57]


0 = 4 sen() V
= 100
= 1 kHz
30 k
= 270

= 1

1 = 2 = = 100
D 10000
ZinTD D reD R'L

Zin RBB || ZinTD RBB

= =
= 135



270
VE 4V 8[V] 1.2 9.6[V]
135
Asumir : VE 10 V
VB VE 2VBE 11.4 V
VE 10 V
I ED 37 mA I CD I E 2
RE 270
(Se necesita un QD que permita esta corriente)
I CD 37 mA
I BD 3.7 A
D 10000

VB 11.4 V 330 k
RB 2 308 k
10 I BD 10 3.7 A 300 k
RB 2 330K

VCC 2VE 20V

VCC VB 20 V 11.4 V 220 k

RB1 211k
11 I BD 11 3.7 A 200 k
RB1 220K

RBB RB1 || RB 2 132 k

2 VT 2 26 mV
reD 1.4
I ED 37 mA
ZinTD D reD R' L 100001.4 135 1.3 M
Zin 1.3 M || 132 k 120.353 k
VBE 2 VE 2
R
I B2
10

10 0.7 30 k
R 28.9 k
3.7 A 27 k
10
R 27K

10 10
= 11.79 F
2 2 1 kHz 135
= F
10 10
= 0.013 F
2 2 1 kHz 120.353 k
= F

= = || [2.58]

= = = 1+ [2.59]
+ +
2

= ( + ) [2.60]
1 +
= 1 2 ( + )
2
= 1 (1 + ) + 1 2 [2.61]
= 1 ||2
= || [2.62]
 = 1 ||2

= || [2.63]
+

= = ( + 1)( + || ) [2.64]
= = || [2.65]

|
( + || )| = =
| | | |

( + || )| =
+1

1. +1
< ( + || ) < ||

2.

3. = + +
4. 1 = 1
( ) 0.1
5. 3 =

10
6. 1 2

10
7.
2
10
8. 2
( + || )

10
9.
2

| | = 25
= 70
= 2 sen() V
= 1 kHz
= 1.5 k
2.2 k
 re RE || RBB L
Zin R'
1 Av

Zin ( 1)(re R' E )

2.2 k
71

re R' E || RBB
1.5 k
25
30.98 re RE || RBB 60

Sea re RE || RBB 45
R'L 25 45 1125

RL R'L 1.5 k 1.125 k 4.7 k

RC 4.5 k
RL R'L 1.5 k 1.125 k 3.9 k
RC 3.9 k

R'L RC || RL 1.083 k

RC 3.9 k
VRC Vo 2 V 7.2 V 1.1 7.9 V
RL ' 1.083 k
Asumir : VRC 8 V

VRC 8V I 2.05mA
IC 2.05 mA I E I B C 28.89A
RC 3.9 k 70
 VT 26 mV
re 12.675
I C 2.05 mA
= + + = 2 V + 80 mV + 2 V
VCE 4.08 V
= 2 V
VE 2V
RE 975
I E 2.05 mA

VB VE VBE 2 V 0.7 V 2.7 V

2.7 V 10 k
RB 2 9.34 k
10 I B 9.1k
RB 2 10 k
VCC VE VCE VRC 2 V 4.08 V 8 V 14.08 V

VCC 15 V

VCC VB 15 V 2.7 V 39 k
RB1 38.7 k
11 I B 11 28.89 A 36 k
RB1 39 k
RBB RB1 || RB 2 7.96 k
1.083 k
Av 25
12.675 R'E || RBB

33 k
R'E 30.76
30 k
R'E 33

1.0 k
R' 'E 975 33 942
910
R' 'E 1 k

0.1 V 0.1 V 3.6 k

R3 3.42 k
IB 28.89 A 3.3 k
R3 3.3 k
Zin ( 1)(re R'E || RBB ) 7112.675 32.86 3.23 k

R' L 1.083 k
Av 23.78
re R'E || RBB 12.675 32.86

10 10
C1 1.99 107 F
2 f min RBB 2 1 kHz 7.96 k

C1 0.22 F
10 10
CB 0.49 F
2 f min Z in 2 1 kHz 3.23 k

C B 1 F
10 10
CE 34.84 F
2 f min (re R'E || RBB ) 2 1 kHz 12.675 33

C E 47 F
10 10
CC 1.46 F
2 f min R'L 2 1 kHz 1083
CC 2.2 F



Q1 Q2

o
o

Vin1 Vi
Vin1 Vin 2 Vi Vo Vo1
Vin 2 0

Vin1 Vi
Vin1 Vin 2 2Vi Vo 2Vo1
Vin 2 0

Vin1 Vi
Vin1 Vin 2 0 Vo 0
Vin 2 Vi

En general:
= + [2.66]
= 1 2 [2.67]
1 2
= 2
[2.68]
 1 = 2
= 1 = 2 1 = 2 = [2.69]
= 2 [2.70]
1 = 2 = 0 [2.71]
1 = 2 = 0.7 [2.72]
0.7( ) 0.7
= =

1 = 2 = [2.73]
1 = 2 = [2.74]
1 = 2 = (0.7) [2.75]

1 = 2 = =
[2.76]

( 0.7)
=
2

Ganancia en modo diferencial.

= [2.77]

1
=
1 + ||2
1 , 2

= [2.78]
1 +2

1 = 2
1 2

= [2.79]
2

=
1 +
||2
=
+ ||2
2 2
=
+ 2 22 2
1
= 2 [2.80]

=

+
( + 1)
2
=
||

=
[2.81]
1
= = ( [2.82]
1 2 )

= [2.83]
1
=
2

= 2 [2.84]

1 = ( 2 )
2 1

2 = 2 (1 2 ) [2.85]

= [2.86]

1 +2
= 2
[2.87]

Si Vin1=Vin2 , la salida es igual a cero.

1 +2 +
= 2
= 2
= [2.88]

= 2 = 2 [2.89]

= 2
= 2
[2.90]

= = 2
[2.91]

= =
2

= 2 [2.92]

|| = [2.93]


|| = = [2.94]

|CMRR| por ejemplo 100-120 el tpico.
|CMRR| dB=20log|CMRR|

Se asume que Vin1 existe y Vin2 = 0

= 1 + 0 = 1

1 = 1 ( ) [2.95]
+||( + 2 )
+1

2
2 = 2 + [2.96]
+1

1
1 = 1 + [( + 1) (1 + || (2 + +1 ))] [2.97]

Si:
Vin1 Vi V0 Amc V in mc Amd V in mc

RC R
V0 Vi C Vi
Vin 2 0 2 RE 2rE
 Vin1 Vi V0 Amc Vin mc

RC
V0 Vi
Vin 2 Vi 2 RE

Vin1 Vi V0 Amd Vin md

RC
V0 Vi
Vin 2 Vi 2 rE

1
1 = 1 + [( + 1) (1 + || (2 + +1 ))] [2.101]

=
[2.102]

= [2.103]

= [2.104]
= = 1 + 2 = 22 = 21 [2.105]
 RE .

= 12
= 100
= 0.09 () V
> 65 dB
3.2 k

a) Diseo con los emisores polarizados con una RE .

Q1 Q2 Q

IC IC1 IC 2 I E1 I E 2 I E

I RE 2I E

re re1 re 2

RC RC RC I C
Av d
2re 2 VT 2 26mV
IE

RC I C
Av d
52mV
RC IC Avd 52mV 12 52mA 0.624V
 VRC RC I C 0.624V

Vod
Avd
Vind

Vod Avd Vind 12 90mV 1.08V

VRC 1.08V

No se puede disear. Se sugiere cambiar la ganancia agregando al circuito

RE1 y RE2 (RE1=RE2) como se muestra en la figura 2.28.

RC
Av d
2re RE1
= . > 1.08
VRC 2V

VRC 2V
IC 0.9mA
RC 2.2 K
VT 26mV
re 28.6
I C 0.9mA

RC 2.2 K 68K
RE1 re 28.6 62.8
2 Avd 2 12 62K RE 1 62

VCE Vo Vin VCE min 1.08V 90mV 2V

VCE 3.17V

VRE I E RE 2 0.9mA RE

RC
Av mc
A 2 RE
CMRR v d
Av mc

12 2 RE
CMRR 65
RC

65 RC 65 2.2 K 6.2 K
RE 5.9K
12 2 12 2 5.1K RE 6.2 K

VRE 2 0.9mA 6.2K 11.27V

VCC VRC VCE VEB

VCC 2V 3.17V 0.7V

VCC 4.47V

VEE VRE VRE1 VBE

VEE 11.27V 56.36mV 0.7V

VEE 12V

Se selecciona VEE 12V VCC

Zin 1re RE1 RE || RE1 re

Zin 100 128.6 62 6.2K || 62 28.6

Z in 18.17K

Se asume: Datos del Diodo Zener

= 5.1
= 10
VZ VBEQ 3 VRE

VRE VZ VBEQ 3
VRE 5.1V 0.7V 4.4V

VRZ VEE VZ
VRZ 12V 5.1V 6.9V

VRZ 6.9V 750

RZ 688.76
I RZ 10mA 1.8mA 680
100 RZ 680

VRE 4.4V 2.7 K

RE 2.42K RE 2.4 K
I RE 1.8mA 2.4 K

= 15
= 100
= 0.1 () V
> 36 dB
3.7 k
 Q1 Q2 Q

IC IC1 IC 2 I E1 I E 2 I E

I RE 2I E

re re1 re 2

RC RC RC I C
Av d
V
2re 2 t 2 26mV
IE

RC I C
Av d
52mV

RC IC Avd 52mV 15 52mA 0.78V

VRC RC IC 0.78V

Vod
Av d
Vind

Vod Av d Vind 12 90mV 1.08V

VRC 1.5V

No se puede disear. Se sugiere cambiar la ganancia agregando al

circuito RE1 y RE2
 RE 1 RE 2

RC
Av d
2re RE1
= . > 1.5
VRC 2V

VRC 2V
IC 0.74mA
RC 2.7 K
VRC 26mV
re 35.1
IC 0.74mA

RC 2.7 K 56
RE1 re 35.1 54.9
2 Avd 2 15 51 RE 1 56

= + + = 1.5 + 100 + 2
VCE 3.6V

VRE I E RE 2 0.74mA RE

CMRRdB 20log10 CMRR

log10 CMRR
CMRRdB 36dB

20 20
CMRR 63.096
 RC
Av mc
Av d 2 RE
CMRR
Av mc

15 2 RE
CMRR 63.096
RC

63.096 RC 63.096 2.7 K 6.2K

RE 5.67K
15 2 15 2 5.6 K RE 6.2 K

VRE 2 0.74mA 6.2K 9.17V

Zin 1re RE1 RE || RE1 re

Zin 100 135.1 56 6.2K || 56 35.1

Z i n 18.26K

VCC VRC VCE VBE

VCC 2V 3.6V 0.7V

VCC 4.9V

VEE VRE VRE1 VBE

VEE 9.17V 56 0.74mA 0.7V

VEE 9.91V

Se selecciona VEE 10V VCC

Aunque no es estndar, para efectos tericos est correcto.

100 : IDSS = 6 mA,

rd = 40 k Vp = 4 V,
5 V 32 V

Av = 100,
Vin = 0.1sen (t) V, Zin 10 k, RL = 2.2 k y la fMIN=20 kHz.

 2
= 10 [] [3.1]
1

= 1010 (2 ) Para la relacin entre potencias.
1

= 2010 (2 ) Para la relacin entre voltajes.
1

1mW
= 600

2
= = 775 mV

1mW

P
GdBm = 10log10 ( )
1 mW
 2
= (4) , [3.2]

donde:
R = distancia en metros desde el transmisor al receptor.
= longitud de onda en metros.

() = prdida que sufre la seal en el espacio libre.

480 MHz
12 dB 50 100 km
80dB

8 m
3 10 ( s )
= = = 0.625 m
480 MHz

( ) =( ) = 10 10 + 10 10 + 10 10


( ) = 10 10 + 10 10 + 20 10 ( )
4

( ) = + + 20 10 ( )
4
0.625
( ) = 12 + 80 + 20 10 ( )
4 100

( ) = 92 126 = 34


10 10 ( ) = 34

= 0.398 103

2 2
= =( ) = 0.398 103
2

= 0.398 103 = 19.9 103

Se considera = 1
= 1 19.9 103 = 19.9

y = frecuencias de corte de 1/2 potencia.

AB = ancho de banda = [3.3]
2 ( )2
= |0 | = |
| [3.4]
0
 (0.707 )2
( , ) =| |

( )2
= 0.5 | | = 0.5

1
( = 2 [3.5]
, )

( ) = 20 | |

 2
= =
1

= =
1 1

2

=
2
2 + ( 1 )


| | = 2
[3.6]
2 +( 1 )

R = XC

| | = = 0.707 [3.7]
2

R = XC
1
| | = 20log10 ( ) = 3 dB [3.8]
2

1 1
= 2 = 2 [3.9]

1 1
= = =
1 1
1 1
2 2

1 f
Av = |tg 1 ( fL) [3.10]
1+(fL )
2

f
fase
mdulo

1
1 2 2
| |dB = 20log10 = 20log10 (1 + ( ) )
2
1 + ( )

2
| |dB = 10log10 [1 + ( ) ] [3.11]

2
( ) 1


| |dB = 20log10 [( )] [3.12]

 ,

) = =1

| | = 20 log(1) = 0 dB

) = 0.5 =2

| | = 20 (2) 6 dB

) = 0.25 =4

| | = 20 (4) 12 dB

) = 0.1 = 10

| | = 20 log(10) 20 dB
 CB.

2
= =
1 + 1
2
2 1
= =
1 1 + 1
2
:
1
= [3.13]
2

2 1
= =
1
1 +

1
=
2
1
=
2
 G :
2
= =
1 ( + ) + 1
2
1
= 2 ( + )
[3.14]

RL

2
= =
1 ( + ) + 1
2

1
( + ) =
2
1
= 2 [3.15]
+ )
(

| | =
+


| | = =
1
2
1
=
2
1
= 2 [3.16]

RE RE RE ,

| | =
+ +

| | = =
+ + 1
2

1
+ =
2
1
= 2 [3.17]
( + )

| | = =

+ + + +
+
1 +

1
| | = = =0
+
 1
0 | | = =
+ +

| | =
+

1
= [3.18]
2 ( + )
 1
= 2 [3.19]
( + )

1
= 2 [3.20]
( + )

1
= 2 [3.21]

1
=

1
0
2
= =
1
2

| | =
2 + 2
1
= | | = = [3.22]
2 2

1
=
2
1
= 2 [3.23]
 1 1
| | = =
1 + 2 1 +

1
= |1 ( ) [3.24]
2
1+( )

Cbc, Cbe, Cce

Cwi Cwo

Cbc
 = + +
= = (1 )
=
=
= + + (1 ) [3.25]
Rthin = R B1 R B2 ZinT = Zin [3.26]

1
1 1

= = = =
1 2

1
= [3.27]
2

Fig.3.20 Influencias de las Capacitancias de Salida.

= + +
1
= = (1 )

1
= + + (1 ) [3.28]

1
= (1 ) |

1
 = = [3.29]
1


= = =
1

1
=

1
= [3.30]
2

= [3.31]

1+

=
:

1
= =
1 +

= +

1 + = 0
 1
= [3.32]
2
= ( + 1)
=
1
[3.33]
2
1
=

1+

| | = 20| |

| | = 20 [3.34]
2

1 + ( )

( )

f = ancho de banda
fT = frecuencia a la cual hfe = 1 no existe ganancia de corriente, puede
considerase como un lmite de trabajo.
=
= 1 =
1
= [3.35]
2
 1
=
2
=

1
=
2( + 1)
= +

= (1 ) [3.36]

1
= [3.37]
21 1
f1 = frecuencia de corte en baja frecuencia de cada etapa.
m = nmero de etapas.

= 2 21 1 [3.38]
f2 = frecuencia de corte en alta frecuencia de cada etapa.
m = nmero de etapas.
 1 1 1 1
= 1,1 2 + 2 + + 2 [3.39]
1 2

RB1 RC

CC

CB

RE
RL
Vin RB2 6.2 K

RE CE

= 50, Cbe = 40pF, Cbc = 4pF, Cce = 5pF, Cwi = 6pF y Cwo = 4pF

:
1
=
2
= 1 ||2 || = 1 ||2 ||( + 1) ( + )
 2 12 6.2
= = = 2.24
1 + 2 (6.2 + 27)
= = 2.24 0.7 = 1.54
1.54
= = = 1.93
+ 797
26
= = = 13.47
1.93

= ||
= 27||6.2||(50 + 1)(13.47 + 47) = 1.92
|| 3.9||3.3
= = = 30
+ 13.47 + 47
1
= = 17.64
2(4.7)(1.92)
:
1 1
= = = 4.7
2 ( + ) 2(4.7)(3.3 + 3.9)
:
1 1
= = = 263.2
2 ( + ) 2(10)(13.47 + 47)
1 1
= = = 19.64
2 ( + ) 2(10)(13.47 + 797)

1
=
2
=
1
=
2

= + + (1 )
+
13.47
= 6 + 40 + (1 + 30)4 = 138.9
13.47 + 47
 1
= = 0,6
2(1.92)(138.9)

1
=
2
=
1
= + + (1 )

1
= 4 + 5 + (1 ( )) 4 = 13.13
30
1
= = 6,78
2(3.3||3.9)(13.13)
:
1 1
= = = 5.37
2 ( + ) 2(50)(13.47)(44)
 RC1 RC2
RB11 CC1 RB12 CC2

CB

RE1'
RE2'
RB22 RL
RB21
CE1
RE1' 47uF

Cbe1 = Cbe2 = 50pFCw1 = 4pF

Cbc1 = Cbc2 = 4pFCw2 = 6pF
Cce1 = Cce2 = 5pFCw3 = 8pF
1 = 2 = 100

:
1
=
1 2
= 11 ||21 ||1
Se realiza el anlisis del diseo de la primera etapa:
20 5
1 = = 4
20 + 5

25 0.7
11 1 20 4
1 = = = 20.67
( + 1) (100 + 1)(2020)
1+ 1+ 4

1 1 = 1
1 = 100(20.67) = 2.06
 26
1 = = = 12.62
1 1.93

= 4||(100 + 1)(12.62 + 220) = 3.42

1
= = 172.34
2(0.27)(3.42)
:
1
=
1 2 1 (1 + 2 )
Se realiza el anlisis del diseo de la segunda etapa:
2 = 12 || 22 ||2
2 = 2 ||2

47 10
2 = = 8.25
47 + 10

25 0.7

12 2 47 8.25
2 = = = 33.77
( + 1) (100 + 1)(1)
1+ 1+
2 8.25

2 2 = 2
2 = 100(33.77) = 3.37
26
2 = = = 7.72
2 3.37

2 = 8.25||(100 + 1)(7.72 + 1) = 7.63

1 1
= = = 4.08
1 2 1 (1 + 2 ) 2(2.7)(6.8 + 7.63)

:
 1 1
= = = 2.94
2 2 2 (2 + ) 2(10)(2.7 + 2.7)

:
1 1
= = = 14.56
1 21 ( 1 + 1 ) 2(47)(12.62 + 220)

1
=
2 1
= 1
1
=
2 1
1
1 = 1 + 1 + (1 1 ) 1
1 + 1
1 1 || 2
1 = =
1 + 1 1 + 1
6.8||7.63
1 = = 15.48
12.62 + 220
12.62
1 = 4 + 50 + (1 + 15.48)4 = 72.63
12.62 + 220
1
= = 0,64
2(3.42)(72.63)

1
12 =
2 1 12
1 = 1 || 2
12 = 1 + 2
1
1 = 1 + 1 = 1 + (1 )
1 1
 1
1 = 5 + (1 + ) 4 = 9.26
15.48

2
2 = 2 + 1 + (1 2 ) 2
2 + 2
2 2 ||
2 = =
2 + 2 2 + 2
2.7||2.7
2 = = 1.34
7.71 + 1
7.72
2 = 6 + 50 + (1 + 1.34)4 = 15.62
7.72 + 1

12 = 1 + 2 = 24.88
1
12 = = 1.78
2(3.59)(24.88)

1
=
2
= 2 ||
1 1
= 3 + 2 + (1 ) 2 = 8 + 5 + (1 + ) 4
2 1.34
= 20
1
= = 5.9
2(2.7||2.7)(20)

1
1 =
2( + 1) 1 ( 1 )

1 = 1 + 1 = 50 + 4 = 54
1
1 = = 2.31
2 (100 + 1)(12.62)(54)


1
2 =
2( + 1) 2 ( 2 )

2 = 2 + 2 = 50 + 4 = 54
1
1 = = 3.78
2(100 + 1)(7.72)(54)
1 1 1 1 1 1
= 1.1 + + + +
(0.64)2 (1.78)2 (5.9)2 (2.31)2 (3.78)2

= 0.5
 1
=
2
1
=
2 1
1
=
2
1
=
2 ( + )

1
=
2
= 1 + 1 + (1 )1

1
12 =
212 + )
(
1
12 = 12 + 1 + (1 ) + 2
1 1

1
=
2
= + 2 + 2

1 1
= 2 = 2

= +

Cbe1 = Cbe2 = 40pF CW1 = 5pF

Cbc1 = Cbc2 = 6pF CW1-2 = 6pF
Cce1 = Cce2 = 5pF CW2 = 7pF
 +Vcc

Vo

Vin
-Vcc

RF

10k
RA
1k

C
0.1uF

Av=-20 = 100
fCE= 150Hz fCC= 10Hz fCB= 74Hz
fHi= 0.8MHz fH0= 3MHz f = 1.8MHz
Cbe = 40pF Cwi= 5pF
Cbc = 6pF Cw0 = 6pF
Cce = 5pF

Cbe1 = Cbe2 = 00pF CW1 = 6pF

Cbc1 = Cbc2 = 7pF CW1-2 = 10pF
Cce1 = Cce2 = 6pF CW2 = 8pF
fC fH

CC, CB CE

hfe
vf vs
VT .

A = ganancia de voltaje sin realimentacin.

Af = ganancia de voltaje con realimentacin.
B = coeficiente de transferencia (0<B<1).
 Vi Vs Vf (Vf y Vs defasado 180o )
Vs Vi Vf [4.1]
Vo
AV
Vin
Vf
B [4.2]
Vo

Vo Vo
Af
Vs Vi Vf
1 1
Af
Vi Vf 1
B
Vo Vo A
A
Af 4.3]
1 AB

donde AB es ganancia de lazo.

Vi Vs Vf (Vf y Vs en fase)
Vs Vi Vf [4.4]

Vo Vo
Af
Vs Vi Vf
1 1
Af
Vi Vf 1
B
Vo Vo A
A [4.5]
Af
1 AB
 Af
N
A
Af
Ndb 20 log
A

1 [4.6]
Ndb 20 log
1 AB

Af
A
Af
1 AB
BA >> 1
1
Af max
B [4.7]

ABf > AB
ABf = ancho de banda con realimentacin.
Af
magnitud del cambio relativo en la ganancia con retroalimentacin
Af
A
magnitud del cambio relativo en la ganancia sin retroalimentacin
A

A
Af
1 AB
tenemos :
Af 1 A
[4.8]
Af 1 AB A

() = 303 = 27000
() = 203 = 8000
= 27000 8000 = 19000

Af
0.1
Af max

Af 1 A

Af max
1 AB min Amin max

1 19000
0. 1
1 8000 B 8000
B 2.84 *10 3
 A
Af
1 AB
Amax 27000
Af max 347.58
1 ABmax 1 (2.84 *10 3 )(27000)
Amin 8000
Af min 337.27
1 ABmin 1 (2.84 *10 3 )(8000)
Af
0.0305 0.1
Af
Se reduce la variacin de la ganancia con realimentacin negativa (-).


 Vf BVo
Vi Vo [4.9]
Zin A
Ii Vi
Vi Vf Vs 0
Vin Vs Vf Vs Vi Vf
Vs Vi BVo Vi ABVi
Vs Vi (1 AB ) Zin.Ii(1 AB )
Vs
Z inf con rea lim entacin
Iin
Vs [4.10]
Z inf Zin(1 AB ) aumenta la impedancia
Ii

1
Vi Vi Vi
Z inf x Ii
Is Ii If Ii BVo 1
Ii

Vin / Iin
Z inf
Vo
1 B
Ii
Zin
Z inf Dis min uye la impedancia [4.11]
1 AB
Vo = voltaje de salida
Io = corriente de salida (Vs=0)
Vo = IoRo + AVi
Vo Vo
Rof Rof Vs 0
Io Io

Vf Vs Vi 0
Vi Rf
Vo IoRo A(Vf )
Vo IoRo ABVo
Vo (1 AB ) IoRo
Vo Ro
Rof [4.12]
Io (1 AB )

Vf Vi
Vf BI

Vo
Rof (Vs 0V )
I
I Io I1
I I1 Io
Vo
I AVi
Zo
 Vo
I AVf
Zo
Vo
I ABI
Zo
Vo
I (1 AB )
Zo
Vo
Rof Zo(1 AB ) [4.13]
I

 Vo A
Af
Vs 1 AB
R' L
Af re R' L [4.14]
R' re R' L
1 L
re

Z i n f Z in (1 AB )
R'
Zinf ( 1)re 1 L
re
Zinf ( 1)( re R' L ) [4.15]

Zo R' L
Z of
1 AB R'
1 L
re
R' *r [4.16]
Z of L e R' L // re
R' L re

Vo I E R' L R' [4.17]

A L
Vi I B ( 1)re re
 Vi [4.18]
Z in re (1 )
Ib

[4.19]
Zo R' L

Vf
B 1 [4.20]
Vo

+Vcc

+ Vo
Vi
-
Vs
-Vcc

RF

1.8k
+ RA
Vf 200
-

Vo
A G 10 5
Vi
 Vo A
Af
Vs 1 AB
A A( R A R F )
Af
AR A R A R F AR A
1
R A RF
A A( R A R F )
Af
AR A (1 A) R A
1
R A RF

A G 10 5
RF [4.21]
Af 1
RA


Re

Vo A Vf 1 RE
Af ; B *
Vf 1 AB Vo RC
Rc
( 1)re Rc
Af *
RE ( 1) ( 1)re
1
Rc
 Rc
( 1)re Rc
Af
R ( 1)(re R E )
re E
re
Rc [4.22]
Af
re R E

Z i nf Z in (1 AB )
R
Z i nf ( 1)re 1 E
re
Zinf ( 1)(re R E ) [4.23]

Z of Zo(1 AB )
R
Zo f 1 E Rc [4.24]
re

Vo
A
Vi
IbRc Rc Rc
A ; si 1 A [4.25]
( 1) Ibre ( 1)re re

[4.26]
Z in re (1 )

Zo Rc

Vf I R R ( 1) [4.27]
B E E E
Vo IbRc Rc
 Vo
A G
Ii
If 1 [4.28]
B
Vo RF

Vo A 1
Af A RF
Is 1 BA B

Vo * Is R [4.29]
Av f F
Vl * Is RA
Vcc ( I B11 I B 2 ) Rc1 VBE 2 I B1RF VBE1
Vcc ( I B11 I B 2 ) Rc1 RE 2 ( I 1) I B 2 I E1 [4.30]

1 2 RF Rc1R'L
Avf
Rs ( Rc1 RIN 2 )( RF hie1) 1Rc1RE 2
Si Av 1
R R' [4.31]
Avf F * L
RE 2 RS

RF
Rinf hie1
1 Avf

RF [4.32]
Rinf ( 1)re
1 Avf

Rf * Avf [4.33]
Rof Rc 2 re ( Avf )
1 Avf
RBB1 RB11 // RB12 47k // 3.9k
RBB1 3.6 k
RBB 2 39 K // 3.9 K 3.54 k

RL 2.7 k 2.2 k 1.21k
RLeq 2.7 k 2.2 k 2.7 k 836.6
 15 0.7 V

I B1 47 k 3.6 k 3.9 A
101 * 1.1 k
1
3.6 k

I E1 ( B 1) I B 0.39mA
VE (0.39mA)(1.1K ) 0.43V
26mV
re1 66.67
0.39mA

15 V 0.7 V

I B 2 39 k 3.54 k 5.33 A
101*1.2 k
1
3.54 k
26 mV
re2 49.1
0.53 mA

Z in 2 RBB 2 //( B 1)re2 3.6 K // 4.9 K 2.06 k

RL1 Rc // Z IN 2 2.2 K // 2.06 K
AV 1 1 6.38
re1 RE1 re1 RE1 66.6 100
RLeq Rc1 // RL R f 2.7k // 2.2k 2.7 k
AV 1 17.06
re 2 re 2 49.1
AVt AV 1 AV 2 (6.38)(17.06) 108.67

Z in1 RBB1 //( B 1)(re1 RE1 ) 3.6 K //(101)(66.6 100) 3.6 K // 16.8K
Z in1 2.9 k
Zo Rc 2 // RL 27 K // 2.2 K 1.2 k

AV RE 100
Avf ;B 0.0357
1 AV B RE RF 100 2.7 K
108.67
Avf 22.27
1 (108.67)(0.0357)
Z inf Z in * (1 AB )
Z inTf Z inT * (1 AB )
 Z inf R BB Z inT * (1 AB )
Z inf 16.83k * (1 (108.67)(0.0357))
Z inTf 82.12k
Z inf 82.12k 3.6k 3.44k
R Leq
Zo
1 AB

V S Vin Vf
Vin V S Vf
Vo
Av f
Vs
Av
Av f
1 AvB
Vf R' E
B
Vo R' E Rf

Vo 2V
Avf 25
Vs 80 mV
Av f 1 R' E1 Rf R
1 F
AvB 1 B R ' E1 R ' E1
RF
Av f 25 1
R ' E1
Av B 1
1
Av 25 escojo Av 120
B
Av min 120 Av1 10 Av 2 12

Si : R'E1 100
RF 2.4 k

Sea : Rc2 RL
Rc2 2.7 k
R'L Rc2 // RL //( RF R'E1 ) 2.7 K // 3.3K // 2.5K 931.6

Rc2 2.7 K
VRc 2 Vo * 2 5.79V (1.2) 6.95V
R'L 931.6
VRc 2 8V
8V
Ic2 2.96 mA
2.7 K
Vce2 Vin Vo Vc E min 80 mV 2 2 4.08V

26 mV
re2 8.78
2.96 mA
Av2 R' 931.6
L 106.10 Av1 1.13
sin reali. re2 8.78
Sea : VE 2 1V VE 2 1.5V

1.5V
RE 2 506.7 560
2.96 mA
VE 2 560 * 2.9 mA 1.6V
VB 2 VE 2 VBe 2 2.3V
Si :
I E I B I C I B BI B
I E ( 1) I B

Entonces :
I 2.96 mA
I B2 C 2 24.7 mA
120
VB 2.3V
RB 21 8.9 k
10 I B 2 (10)(24.7 A)
RB 21 9.1k

Vcc VRC VCE VE 8 2 2 0.2 1.5 13.7V *1.2

VCC 16V
Vcc VB 16 2.2
RB 22 50.8K 50 k
11 I B 2 (11)(24.7 A)
(121)(8.78)
Z in 2 RB 21 // RB 22 //( B 1)(re2 ) 50 K // 9.1K // 933
1062.38

Sea : Rc1 Z in 2 910

R'L1 RC1 // Z in 2 910 // 933 760.6
RC1 910
VRc1 VC1 (80 mV)(1.13) 0.178 0.2 Vmin
RCi 460.6

02
I C1 0.2 mA I C1 1mA I B 8.3 A
910
26 mV
re1 26
1mA

Sea : VE 2 V
2V
REi 2 k
1mA
R'Ei 100 R' 'Ei 1.9 k
 VB 2.7
RB11 32.4 K RB11 33 k
10 I B 10 1mA
120
16 2.7
RB12 145 K RB12 150 k
11I B
RL1 ' 760.6
AV 1 3.65
re1 REi 26 100

AVT (106.1)(3.65) 387.85

150 K // 33K //( 1)(re1 REi )
Z IN RBB1 // Z INT 9.7 k
27 K 15246

AVT 387.85
Avf 23.48
1 AV B 1 (004)(38785)
Z inf RB11 // RB12 //( AV B) Z INT
(1 387.85 * 4)(9.76 K )
Z inf 27 K // 23.12 k
161.17 K
 AvB 1
A A xB B AB A B 1 0 0 2n n 1,2.. [4.34]
Av
Avf
1 AvB
Vf BVo BxAvi
Vf Vi
A
Avf Vo
1 0

Si : Rin I 5 I 6
Vf I 6 .Z 2 I 5 .Z 2
Vf
I 4 Z 2 I 5 ( Z1 Z 2 ) (Z1 Z 2 ) Z1 Vf ( K 1)
Z2 K
Z2

Vf Vf ( K 1) Vf
I3 I5 I 4 ( K 2)
Z2 Z2 Z2
I 2 Z 2 I 3 Z1 I 4 Z 2
Vf
I2 ( K 2) Z1 Vf ( K 1) Vf ( K 2) K Vf ( K 1)
Z2
Vf
I2 ( K 2 3K 1)
Z2
Vf Vf
I1 I 2 I 3 ( K 2 3K 1) ( K 2)
Z2 Z2
Vf Vf
I1 ( K 2 3K 1 K 2) ( K 2 4 K 3)
Z2 Z2
 Vo I1Z1 I 2 Z 2
Vo KVf ( K 2 4 K 3) Vf ( K 2 4 K 3) Vf ( K 2 3K 1)
Vo Vf ( K 3 5K 2 6 K 1)
Vf 1
B 3 [4.35]
Vo K 5K 2 6 K 1

B 1800
1
z1
jC
z2 R
z1 1 1
k j jM K
z2 jCR CR

1
B Desplazamiento de 1800
(1 5M ) j ( M 3 6M )
2

( M 3 6M ) 0
M2 60M 6

Solucion M 6
1
o
RC 6
1
B
29
PARA QUE OSCILE
A.B 1
A 29

1
z2
j C
z1 R
 6
o
RC
A 29

Vp 5v
FET :
rd 40 k
A 29
fosc 1 kHz
1
C
2fosc 6 R
R 10 K

1
C 6.5nF
2 6 .1K .10 K
A R'L gm
A 40
40
R'L 8K RD 10 k
5ms
 2
I R
I D I DSS 1 D S
Vp
2I V
gm DSS 1 GS
Vp Vp

2 I DSS
VGS Vp 1
gm Vp

R = R3 + Rin [4.36]

C C C

R3

RC R R
Vi hie hfe * Ib

hie
Vo
Vo I 1 ( R E Z 1 ) I 2 Z 2 ( I 2 I 3 )( RC Z 1 ) I 2 Z 2
Vo I 2 ( RC Z 1 Z 2 ) I 3( RC Z 1 )
Z1
K
Z2
Vf Vf
Vo ( K 2 3K 1)(Z 1 Z 2 RC ) ( K 2)(Z 1 RC )
Z2 Z2

Vo 3 R R R
K 5K 6 K 1 C K 4 K C 3 C
Vf Z2 Z2 Z2
1
K jM M
RWC
Vo R R R
5M 1 C M 2 3 C j M 3 6M 4 M C
Vf R R R

RC
M 3 6M 4M 0
R
M 0
RC
M 64
R
1
fo [4.37]
R
2RC 6 4 C
R
 donde : R R3 hie
Vo R R R R
5 6 4 C 1 C 6 4 C 3 C
Vf R R R R
2 2
RC R R R R R
30 20 1 6 C 4 C2 3 C 29 23 C 4 C2
R R R R R R
2
Vo R R
A 29 23 C 4 C2
Vf R R
Vi hie

Vf hie R3
Vf hie R3

Vi hie

Para que no entre el Vf hay que reajustar.

Vo Vf Vo RC hie R3
2
RC
* * 29 23 4 2
Vf Vi Vi R R hie
donde : R hie R3
2
RC R
hfe 23 29 4 C2
R R
Si : R RC
VO hie R3
A 56
Vi hie
R R3 hie
 Vo R VdRC io
56 * 56 56hfe 56
Vi hie iVihie ii
Consideramos :
3.3nF C 15nF
0 Vcc 20

Vco 4V
Ico 1mA
1 VE 2V

fo = 3 kHz, = 80, hfe 56.

1
fo
RC
2RC 6 4
R
R R3 hie

1
Si : R RC fo
2RC 10
escgese : C 4.7nF
1 1
R
2foc 10 2 3K 4.7nF 10

R 3569.4 RC
RC 3.6 K
Asmese : VE 1.5V
Ico 2.2mA
26
re 11.8
2.2
 1.5V
RE 750
2mA
RE 680
I E 2.2mA
VRC (3600)(2.23mA) 7.12V
Vcc VRC VCE min VE 12V
VB 2.2V
RB 2 8 K 8.2 K
10 I b 2.2mA
10
80
12 2.2
R B1 32.39 K 3.3K
2.2
11
80
Z IN R BB //( 1)re 3.3K // 8.2 K // 0.9558K 680

+Vcc
R1 C1

Vo
R2
C2
-Vcc

R3

R4

1
fo
2 R1C1 R2 C 2
Tenemos :
R3 R1 C1

R4 R2 C 2
 R R2 R
En particular : 1
C1 C2 C
1
fo
2RC

R3
2 ,
R4

R3
2
R4
R3
3
R4
R3 3R4
asmese : R4 100 K
R3 330 K
asmese C 10 nF
1
R 5.1k

2 10 xw 9 3K

+Vcc
R1 C1

5.3k Vo
10nF
R2
C2
5.3k
10nF -Vcc

R3

330k
R4
100k


o
o

o
o


RF

+Vcc
RA
Vo

R -Vcc
Vi

C
 0 0
+ =0

0 + = 0

= [5.1]
+

+ 0 +
+ =0
1

1
= + ( + )

1
+ =
( 1 +
)

+ = [5.2]
1 +
V V
0
=
+ 1 +
0 + 1
=( )( )
1 +
() = ()
()
1
= (1 + ) ( ) [5.3]
1 +

1
= [5.4]

1
= [5.5]
2

s = 0.

() = 1 + [5.6]

 1 khz

1
Wp 2fp 6283
RC
Sea C = 0.01F

108
R 15.9 K
6283
= 16

RA RF
R RA RF 16 k
RA RF
RF
T (0) 1 10 RF 9 RA
RA
RF 162 k RF 160 k
RA 17.8 k
 RF

160k

+Vcc
RA

17.8k Vo

R -Vcc
Vi
16k
C
0.01uF

R2

+Vcc
R1
Vi
Vo

-Vcc
R1||R2

R2 1
T ( s) [5.7]
R1 R2 sC 1
R2
T (0) [5.8]
R1
1
fp
2R2C
 RF

+Vcc
RA
Vo

C
-Vcc
Vi

V+
+ 0 +
+ =0
1

V-
0 0
+ =0

V V

() = = (1 + )
+ 1


() = (1 + ) [5.9]
1 +

( ) = 1 + [5.10]

1
: =

 10 1 kHz.
.

1
2f 6283
RC

Sea : C 0.01F
R 15.9 k
= 16 k
RF
T ( s ) 1 10
RA

RA || RF R 16 k
RA 160 k RF
RF 17.7 k RA

+ = = 0
1 + 2 = 3
 0 +
+ + =0
1 1 2
1
+
+ 1 ( ) =0
1 2
(1) 2 2 + 1 2 1 ( ) 1 + 1 + = 0
3 + 4 = +

+ 0 +
+ =0
2 1
2

(2) = 0 (1 + 2 2 )
De (1) y (2) se obtiene:
1
= () =
1 + 2 2 + 2 1 + 2 1 2 1 2
0 2
() =
2 + 20 + 0 2
1
1 2 1 2
=
2 (2 + 1 ) 1
2 + +
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
1
1 2 1 2
() = [5.11]
+ 1
2 + 1 2 +
1 1 2 1 2 1 2
1
0 2 = [5.12]
1 2 1 2

1 + 2
20 = ,
1 1 2
= [5.13]
1 = 2 = 1 2
 1
0 =
1 2 1 2
1
0 =
1 2

1 + 2 (1 + 2 ) 1 2
20 = ; =
1 1 2 21 2

(1 + 2 )2
= [5.14]
41 2

1
= [5.15]
2

1
0 = [5.16]
1 2

0 2
() = [5.17]
2 + 20 + 0 2

20 4 2 0 40 2
= [5.18]
2

= 0 1 = +
=

s=A+jB
A=
B=
= (1 + 2 )
s = E = frecuencia de paso

Cuando 1
2 1 2 1 0 2 1

= =

2 2
() = 2
2
+ + 2 2
2 2
2 1
() = 2 2
2
+ 2 + 1 + 2
+ = =
1 + 2 = 3
+
+ + =0
1 1 1
1 2
3 + 4 = +
 + 0 +
+
1 2
2

1
() = (1) [5.19]
1 + 2 1 2 1 2 + (1 + 2 )2
1
() = [5.20]
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 + ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) + ( + ) ( )
1 2 1 2 1 2 2

2
() =
1 1 1
2 + ( + ) +
2 1 2 2 1 2 1 2

2
() =
2 + 2 + 0 2

1
2 = [5.21]
1 2 1 2
1 1 2 + 1
2 = + =
2 1 2 2 2 1 2

20 4 2 0 40 2
= = 2 1 [5.22]
2
= 0.707
C 1= C 2 = C
1 2

1 2
= = ( ) + 0.52 = 0.5 + 0.25 = 0.75
2 2 2
1
= [5.23]
1 2
2 2
2 = 2
=
2 2
2 1 2 1
= = [5.24]
22 2

1 = [5.25]
3 2

3 1 ()
() = [5.26]
1
2
V 0 V
I1 I 2 I 3 I 4
Vin V1 0 V1 Vo V1 V1 V

R1 R2 1 / sC1 1 / sC2
 1 1 Vin
V1 C1 s C 2 s C1 sVo
1
R R 2 R1
V1 Vo / R3C2 s
Vo 1 1 Vin Vin
C1s C2 s C1sVo
R3 sC2 R1 R2 R1 R1 C1sVo

Vo[ R2 R1 R2C1s R1 R2C2 s R1 C1S ( R1 R2 R3C2 s)] R1 R2C2Vin s

1
s
R1C1
T (s)
1 C C2 R1 R2 1
s 2 1 s
R3 C1C2 R1 R2 C1C2 R3
o
As
Q
T ( s) [5.27]
o
s
2
s 2
O
Q

( R1 R2 )
O2 o Frecuencia de resonancia. [5.28]
( R1 R2 C1C 2 R3 )
1 + 2
= = [5.29]
3 1 2

= 2

A = ganancia mxima
Amx 1
1
= = [5.30]
1 1

fr fL fH [5.31]

fH fL B [5.32]

Sea B = Ancho de banda.

fo 1
AB [5.33]
Q Q
 Q B Q B
Banda Angosta Banda Ancha

fo o
Q [5.34]
AB (3dB)

R1 = R2 = R3 = R C 1 = C2 = C

2 R1 1
o 2 2
2
R1 R1C RC
[5.35]

o RC 2 2 RC 2 2
Q
2C RC 2 C 2 [5.36]

1Q 1RC 2 1
A
RCo RC 2C 2 [5.37]

Q 0.5
Q 0.5
 AB = 400 Hz con fo = 1.5 kHz.

Filtro pasa banda de segundo orden A 1

(1) Sea C1 0.1F

A partir de la siguiente ecuacin despejamos el valor de R1:
o 1
A
Q R1C1
1.5K
= = 3.75
400
2 1.5K 1

3.75 R1 0.110 6
1
2 1.5K
R1
0.1 10
6
1

3.75

R1 3.978 k
R1 3.9 k

(2) Sea C1 C2 0.1F

A partir de la siguiente ecuacin despejamos el valor de R3:
o C1 C 2

Q R3C1C 2

2 1.5K 0.2 10 6

3.75 R3 (0.110 6 ) 2
Utilizar un potencimetro de 10 [K] ya que no es un valor cercano al
estandar.

R3 7.95 k
(3) De la ecuacin que se presenta a continuacin despejamos el valor
de R2:
( R1 R2 )
O2
( R1 R2 C1C 2 R3 )
R1
R2
R1C1C2 R3 1
2
O

O2 R1C1C2 R3 1
(2 1.5K ) 2 (3.9 K )(0.1 10 6 )(7.95K ) 1
27.5 1

R2 147

1 1
sC3 sC3
FT ( s)
1 R3 sC3
R3
sC3 sC3
 1
FT ( s) [5.38]
1 R3 sC3

1
Se considera R1 = R2 = R3 = R Entonces: Wc
RC 3

1 1
C1C2 R 2 C1C2 R 2
FT ( s)
2R 1 2 1
s2 2
s 2
s2 s
C1 R C1C2 R C1 C1C2 R 2

o 2
FT ( s) 2 [5.39]
s 2Wos o
2

1 1
CA [5.40]
R C1C2

Para que CA = CB tengan la misma frecuencia.

C1C2 = C32 (1)
De aqu obtenemos lo siguiente:

1 1 1
CA [5.41]
R 2C3 C 3 RC3
2

CA CB [5.42]

1
Si FT [5.43]
o (1 ) j 2
2

En 1 y 0.5 tenemos
| FT | 1/ 1 1 FT dB 0 dB
 C2 C3 1

C1 2 * 2C3 2
[5.44]
C2
2 (0.5) 2 C2 0.25C1 (2)
C1

1
C2 C1 (3)
4

1
C1C2 C3 C1 C3
2 2
reeplazando (3) en (1) C1
4

C1 2C3 [5.45]
3
2 = 2
[5.46]

0.5

 1 kHz

C1 2C3
C3
2C3C2 C32 C2
2
Se asume C3 0.22 [F ]

C1 0.47 [F ]
C2 0.1 [F ]
1
o 2 (1000)
RC3
R 723.44 []
R 1.5 [k ]
R es un potencimetro de 1.5 [k] ya que no es un valor cercano a los
estndar.

12
1.5 kHz

20
1kHz

1.5 kHz
10 dB

500 Hz
2 kHz.

2 kHz.


 = +

VBE
VBE

VBE

VBE
 0 =
= 0
= = (1 + )

= + =
1

Iz

< <

IL
IL

1 = ( 0 )( ) = ( 0 )( ) [][6.5]
>
= (1 )[1 ][6.6]


= = = = =
2 2 = = 0 =
2 . . : 0 2 = 1

2 = 0+ [6.7]

2 ( + )
0 =
[6.8]

2 = 2 + [6.9]
( + )
0 = (2 + )
[6.10]

1 = 0 + 1 = 2 [6.11]

1 = +1 = [6.12]
1 1 +1

= 1 + 2 [6.13]
0
=
[6.14]
 ( )
2
2 =
2

= [6.15]
+

0 0
=
= 2 + [6.16]

1 = + + [6.17]

0
100% [6.18]

0 [6.19]

= 1+ [6.20]
1
= [6.21]

= 1+ De un sistema realimentado como nuestro caso

[6.22]
1

1
=

1
= [6.23]

=
0
2
= 0 [6.24]
+ 2

= 0 [6.25]

2 = 0
= +1

(. . ) [6.26]
2

= = 0
= +1

[6.27]
2

1
|1 =

||1
= = = 2 [6.28]
2 + ||

1 = ( + 1)(1 + ) [6.29]
2 = ( + 1)(2 + ) [6.30]
= [( + ) 2 ] [6.31]
Si: ( + ) 2
B 1 1 A2

Z inT1mx Darlington

Rc || Z inTD
A2
re 2 rZ || RZ
 Rc Rc
A2 [6.32]
re 2 rZ || RZ re 2 rZ
mx

= = [6.33]
2 +

Rc . Rc
Rint erno infinito

X C1 Z inTD
X C 2 Rb || Z inT 2

VB3 cte VBE cte VRE cte

 I E I C cte
Z inTD
A2 ;Z ( 1)(reD RL )
re 2 rZ 1 inTD
A2
Q2

C1:
XC1<< Z inTD
C2: B 1 G 1

El VO VS Vi VS V f
X C 2 << Rb || Z inT 3
 Rb
5V Vo
R a Rb
R a Rb
Vo 5
Rb
V Vo 7.5V
1
V2 Vo 15V

1)Vo 10V
2)Vo 15V
Rb Ra P
Vomax Vb [6.34]
Rb
Rb Ra
Vomin Vb [6.35]
Rb
VoRb
5
Ra Rb P
Rb
5 Vo
Ra Rb P
-
-
-

2 =
[6.36]

= 1 2 [6.37]
3 2
= 4 3 [6.38]
3
 = + 3 [6.39]

I2 I3
I 1 I Lmx
Vin (VO nVBE )
R n # de junturas.
I
VZ VO
VCE 3 para los transistores Darlington.
VIN min VO 2VBE VR
VIN min VO VCEQ1

I IB2 IC3 [6.42]

 Vz 2 VBE
RE [6.43]
I
I 5 I B 4

Iz2 I 5
I IN nomin al Vz 2
R5 [6.44]
I5
= + 2 + 4 +

4 = 2
= + 2 + 2 + [6.45]
= + 0.1 [6.46]
 VAB = (0.7)(3) = 2.1 V.
VRS = 0.7
RS

0.7
RS RS sera la resistenci a de salida del regulador. [6.47]
I L mx

por ,

VZ V1 VZ 1.4
RS [6.48]
I L mx I L mx

 Q5. VBE
= 1.2 V
0.7 a 0.8
RS [6.49]
I L mx

VRS 0.8V I L1 RS
VRS 0.8V VP I L 2 RS
[6.50]
Despejando
0.8
RS [6.51]
I Lmx
I Lmx RS
IP [6.52]
PR
 I Lmn RS
VR * R 0.8V [6.53]
PR
I Lmn RS
R [6.54]
IP

I P I Lmn

PR
I Lmx I Lmn [6.55]
R

= ( ) [6.56]

-
-
-

I I B2 I C3 [6.57]
I C max
I B2
D [6.58]
I C 3 I B 2

I Z I C 3

VB3 VZ VBE 3
[6.59]

I 2 I B3
I 2 I1

I1 I L max
I L max
I1
100 [6.60]
Vin (VO nVBE )
R
I [6.61]

n # junturas
VZ VO

VCEQD 3 o 4V
[6.62]
Vin min VO 2VBE VR

Vin min VO VCEQD

[6.63]

 I I B2 I C3 [6.64]

Vin min VO 2VBE VCE 4 VRE

[6.65]
VZ 2 VBE
RE [6.66]
I
I 5 I B 4

I5 I Z
Vin nomin al VZ 2
R5 [6.67]
I5

VO 5 10V
I L max 2 A
FR 50
RZ 5
I ZT 20mA
B pot 20
Bseal 50

Vin min VO max VCEQ1

Vin min 10 (3 a 4) 13V o 14V
BD 20 * 50 1000
VB 2 VO 2(0.6) 11.2V
VR 14 11.2 2.8V 3V
I L max 2
I B2 2mA
BD 1000
I C 3 I B 2 20mA
 I 20 2 22mA
3V
R 136.36
22mA
R 136
FR n n SI n 1
RZ re3 5 1.1
FR n * 22 50 esto no se cumple.

I C 3 1mA

I L max
I B2 2mA
BD
I Z 20mA
I Z I 4 IC3

I 4 20 1 19mA
I C 3 1mA
I B3 20A
B 50
Por criterio : I Z I B 3
I1 I L max

I 2 I C 3 1mA
VZ VO min 5V
VZ 3.9V
VB 3 3.9 0.7 4.6V
4.6V
R2 4.6 K ; Las resistencias disponibles son de 4.7 K y 3.9
1mA
K
Escojo : R2 4.7 K
VO R2 VO R2
VB VB
R1 R2 R1 R2 P
( R1 R2 ) ( R1 R2 P)
VO min VB 5V VO max VB 10V
R2 R2
 (5)(4.7 K) (10)(4.7 K)
R1 4.7 K P 390 4.7 K
4.6 4.6
R1 408.69 P 5127.39 5K

R1 : 470 y 390

P 10217 470 4.7K 5047

P 5K, R1 470, R2 4.7 K.

0.6V 0.6V
RS 0.3
I L max 2A

Vin min 14V (VCE 4V )

Vin nom 1.2Vin min 16.8V
Vin max Vin nom 2.8V 19.6V

I I B 2 I C 3 2 1 3mA
Vin min (VO max nVBE )
R
I
14 (10 (2)(0.6))
R 933
3mA
R = 910 .

= 19.6 V =5.0 V
 VR 19.6V (5 2(0.6)) 13.4V
13.4V
I 14.7mA
910
I BD 2mA

I Z I3 I 4 I C 3 I I BD 12.7mA

Como : VO 5V y Vi 5.6V
R4
VO VZ
R4 I 4 I Z I C 3 20mA 12.7mA 7.3mA
I4
(10 3.9)V
R4 835 820
7.3mA

FR nA2
R2 || Z int 3 R || Z int D
n A2
R1 R2 || Z int 3 RZ re3
Z int 3 ( 1)(re3 rZ ) Z int D ( D 1)(reD R' L )
VO max 10
RL 5
I L max 2
RL ' RL
VO 5V VO max 10V
910 || (1000)(2.5) 910 || (1000)(5)
A2 104.24 A2 108.89
5 1.4 5 2.07

I E3 I Z I4 I E3 I Z I4
5 3.9 10 3.9
I E 3 20 18.6mA I E 3 20 12.56mA
820 820
26 26
re3 1.4 re3 2.07
18.6 12.56
 R2 || Z int 3 R2 || Z int 3
n n
R1 R2 || Z int 3 R1 P R2 || Z int 3
4.7 K || (51)(1.4 5) 4.7 K || 0.32 K
n n
470 4.7 K || 0.32 K 470 5K 4.7 K || 0.32 K
0.3K 0.3K
n 0.39 n 0.052
470 0.3 470 5K 0.3K

FR 104.24 * 0.39 40.65 FR 108.89 * 0.052 5.66

Es conveniente utilizar una fuente de corriente.

VO 20V
I L max 2 A
FR 50
P 20
S 50

VO 20V
RL 10
I L max 2A
D 20 * 50 1000
Z in D * RL 1000 *10 10000
TD

Pto.R
VO 20V
PtoS
VS VO 2VBE 21 .4V
VCEQ1 4V

Pto.P
VP 24V
VR 3 VP VS 24 21.4 2.6
I L max 2
I BQD max 2mA
D 1000
I R3 I BQD I C 3 22mA
I C 3 I BQD
I C 3 20mA

2.6V
R3 118
22mA
FR nA2
R3 || Z inTD 118 || 10 K
A2 24
re3 rZ 5
 IC 3 20mA I E 3

RZ
IE3.
I 20mA
I B3 C3 0.4mA
3 50
I 2 I B 3
I 2 10I B 3 4mA
I1 I B 3 I 2 4.4mA

I 1 I L max
IL 2
I1 20mA
100 100

4.4mA I1 20mA

I 1 10mA(estabilida d )
I 2 I1 I B3
I 2 10mA 0.4mA 9.6mA
R2 || Z inT 3
n 1
R1 R2 || Z inT 3
R1 I1 = 10mA VR1
VR VO VRS 20 0.7 20.7V
VS 20V V junturas 21.4V
VO VZ < V O
VZ 15V
VCEQ 3
VB 3 VZ VB 3 15.7V
 VB 3 15.7V
R2 1.6 K
I2 9.6mA
20 15.7
R1 430
10mA

RE Q4
VW VS VCE 4 3V 21.4V 24.4V
Vin min VW VRE

VRE VZ 2 VBE 4 3 0.7 2.3V

I C 4 I BD I C 3
I C 4 22mA
2.3V
RE 104.5
22mA
RE 100 (Estandarizado)

Vin ( N ) VZ
R5 ;Vin ( N ) Vno min al
I Z I B4
R5 2.59 K
0.7V
RS 0.35
2A

n 0.38
26mV
Z inTQ 3 ( 1) RZ
20mA
Z inTQ 3 51 * 6.3 321.3
 Z inTD ||R3
A2 ;( R3 )
rZ re3
10 K
A2 1.58 K
5 1.3
FR nA2 0.38 * 1.58K 603.17

X C1 Z inTD
X C1 ( R E RZ )
X C1 R BEQ
R BEQ R2 || Z inT 3

- VO = 10 V
- ILmax = 0.5 2A
- FR > = 50
- VO = 5-10 V
- ILmax = 2A
- FR> = 50
- RZ =5
- BP = 20
- BT = 50
 Po (ca )
p * 100
Pu (dc)

 Vcc I C RC VCE [7.1]

Pi dc VccI CQ [7.2]

Poca Vce (rms) Ic(rms) [7.3]

Poca Ic (rms) RC
2
[7.4]
2
Poca
Vce (rms) [7.5]
RC

Poca
VceP * IcP
[7.6]
2
2
Poca P RC
Ic [7.7]
2
2
Poca
VceP 1
[7.8]
2 RC

2 2
Poac
Vce P P * IcP P IcP P Vce P P 1
* RC [7.9]
8 8 8 RC

Poac
% * 100
Pi dc [7.10]
 Vcc
Vce P MAX
[7.11]
2
Vcc
Ic P MAX
[7.12]
2 RC
Vce P * IcP Vcc Vcc 1 Vcc 2
Poca MAX * [7.13]
2 2 2 RC 2 8RC

Vcc *Vcc Vcc 2

Podc VccI CQ
2 RC 2 RC
Vcc 2
8RC 1
% 2
*100 *100 25% (Ideal) [7.14]
Vcc 4
2 RC
I CQ I C MIN
Vcc
VC MIN
% *100 25% (Real)
2
2VccI CQ

VP V1 I 1
n
V S V2 I 2
RL ' n 2 RL [7.15]
RC 0
RL n2RL
 Pi dc VccI CQ

Pi dc Po(ca) PDISIPADA TRANSISTOR

PDTBJ Pi (dc) Po(ca)
[7.16]

Poca
Vce P * IcP
[7.17]
2

Vcc * IcQ
Poca MAX
2
Ic P MAX
I CQ
Vc P MAX
Vcc
VccI CQ 1
% MAX *100 *100 5%
2VccI CQ 2

60
VBE 0.7V
 2
Po ca
Vop
2 RL ;
Vop 1* 2 * 8 4V
Po (ca ) 1W
Poej 1.1W
T 0.9

Vcc VE VCEsat Vop

Vop Vcc VE VCEsat

1 VE 1.2V Mnimo para no disipar la potencia en vano.

Asumo: VE=2V
Vop 20V 2V 0.8V 18.2V
Vc P * Ic P 1.1mW * 2 1.1mW * 2
Poef 1.1mW Ic P 123mA
2 Vc P 18
I CQ 125mA IcMIN I CQ IcP 2mA

Vop 18V
RL ' 146.34
Ic P 123mA

RL ' 146.34
RL ' n 2 * RL n 4.27
RL 8

IE
1 I 127mA VE=1.2V

CQ

1.2V
RE 9.4 RE 10
127mA

VB 0.7V 1.2V 1.9V

I CQ 125mA
I BQ 2.08mA
60
VB 1.9V
RB 2 91.34 2 = 91
10 I BQ 10 * 2.08mA
 Vcc VB 20V 1.9V
RB 2 791 2 = 820
11I BQ 11 * 2.08mA
 Vc P
Vc P 2
Vc P * Ic P RL 1 Vc P [7.18]
Po
2 2 2 RL '

Ic
Ic P sent dt P
1
I CQ2 I CQ1
2 0
[7.19]

2 Vcc 2
Pdc
2 IcP 2 Vc P
* Vcc * Vcc [7.20]
RL ' RL '
 VcP = Vcc______________________________

Po

PDC
1 Vc P
Vc P
2
2 RL '
0.785ideal 78.5%
2 Vcc 2 4 Vcc 2 IDEAL
4
RL '

Vcc Vc MIN
2

0.785
4 Vcc
Pd (Potencia disipada por dada TBJ)
1 1 Ic Vcc 1
Pd PDC Po P Ic PVc P
2 2 4
Vc P IcP RL '
78.5%

IcP= 0 ( .

IcP.

Pd Vcc Ic P RL '
0
Ic P 2

Ic P
2Vcc
Pd MAX
RL '

2Vcc 2 4Vcc 2 RL ' Vcc 2 2 Po

Pd MAX 2 2 2 2 0.2 Po MAX
RL ' 4RL '2
RL '

Po MAX 5Pd MAX [7.21]

Vcc 2 [7.22]
RL ' 2
Para diseo Pd MAX



Q1, Q2
P1 potencimetro
P1 Ib Vo
P1 Ib Vo
D1 D5
RE1, RE2:
RE, RE2
 .

Vop 2PoRL
[7.23]
2 Po
Iop [7.24]
RL
RL
R1 [7.25]
5 a 10 veces
R2 ZinT
ZinT 1re R1 RL
[7.26]
RC Zin D
ZinD D reD R1 RL
[7.27]
nVd
P1 ' [7.28]
RC
P1 2P1 '
[7.29]
V
I C 3 RC
RC
Vcc VB 3
R3 P2 ' [7.30]
I3

VB3 VE VBE
R3 P2 '
[7.31]
P2 2P2 '
[7.32]

Vop Q3 Vop VR1

VE 1V Vinp
RC
VRC Vop Q 3 [7.33]
RC || Zin D
V
I C 3 RC
RC
 I C3
I B2
3
I 3 11I B3
I 4 10I B3
VB 3
R4 [7.34]
I4
Vop Q 3 RC [7.35]
Av
Vinp re RE1

Solucin:

Vop 2PoRL (2)(1)(5.6) 3.34V

2 Po 2 *1
Io 1.59 A
RL 5.6
RL R
R1 L 0.68
5 a 10 veces 8

ZinT 1re R1 RL 810.68 5.6 512

R2 ZinT
R2 5.1K

ZinD D reD R1 RL 64000.68 5.6 40.2K

RC Zin D

RC 3.9K

Vop Q3 Vop VR1 3.34V 0.68 * .6 3.7V

 RC
VRC Vop Q 3
RC || Zin D
3.9 K
VRC 3.7V
3.9 K || 40.2 K
VRC 5V
VRC 5V
I C3 IC3 1.28mA
RC 3.9 K
nVd 40.7V
P1 ' 2.2 K
RC 1.28mA

P1 2P1 '
P1 22.2K 4.4K

Vcc VE 3 VCE3 nVd VRC

Vcc 1.4V 2 3.3 0.4 4 * 0.7 5 15.3V
Vcc 18V

VB3 VE VBE 3 1.4V 0.7V 2.1V

IC3 1.28mA
I B3 I B3 16uA
3 80

I 3 11I B3
Vcc VB 3 18 2.1V
2 R3 93.5K
I3 11 *16uA

R3 47 K

R3 P2 '

P2 ' 47 K
P2 2P2 '
P2 2 * 47 K 94K P2=100K
 2.1V
R4 13.1K R4 12K
10 *16uA

3.9 K
R E1 421.6
9.25 RE1 390

VE 2.1V
RE 1.6 K
I E 1.28mA

RE 2 1.6K 390 RE 2 1.2K

10
CB
2 * f * Zin
Zin R4 || R3 R2 || 3 1re3 RE1
10
C2
2 * f * P1
10
CE
2 * f * re RE1
10
CC
2 * f * RL