DISEO DE UNA ZAPATA AISLADA

Disear la zapata mostrada en la fig: Si la Columna de 70 x 50 lleva 10 fierros de 1" y transmite

las cargas PD = 180 tn y PL = 100 tn . La capacidad portante admisible del suelo es qa = 2.5 kg/cm2
; ademas fy = 4200kg/cm2 , fy = 280 kg/cm2 en la columna y fc = 210 kg/cm2 en la zapata

DATOS:
Zapata
210 kg/cm
Columna
f ' c = 280 kg/cm
b=
50 cm
t=
70 cm
f'c=

Otros
550 kg/m
180 Tn
PD =
100 Tn
PL =

Df =
2 =
qa =
db =
Lv =

S/C =

Acero
f y = 4200 kg/cm

Suelo
1.4
1700
2.50
2.54
150

m
kg/m
kg/cm
cm
cm

MD,ML

1.- DIMENSIONAMIENTO DE LA ZAPATA

PD, PL

Clculo del peralte de la zapata (hc )

Ld=

d .F
b

Reemplazo los valores que tenemos:

Ld = 58.89 cm
ht

f'c

Tomar

Ld = 58.89 cm

Df

Lv

(Del problema se emplean varillas de 1")

b ( 1") = 2.54 cm
r.e. =
7.50 cm
(recubrimiento)
hc =
68.93 cm
Tomar
hc =
70.00 cm
hc = Ld + r.e + b
ht = Df - hc
ht =
70.00 cm

hc
T

Clculo de la presin neta del suelo ( qm )

b

||

0 . 08 .

qm = 2.16 kg/cm

qm=qag htg chc-s/c

t
tT

Clculo del rea de la zapata ( Az )

P
qm
( t-b )
T= Az +
2
( t-b )
S= Az
2
Azap=

Azap = 129,629.63 cm
T =
370.00
cm
B =
350.00
cm

Donde:
P = Carga de servicio
Lv = Volados iguales sin
excentricidad

2.- DETERMINACIN DE LA REACCIN AMPLIFICADA ( qmu )

Pu
Wnu=
Azap

1.4 x 180000 + 1.7 x 100000

350 x 370

3.26

kg/cm2

Donde:
Pu = Carga Ultima

3.- VERIFICACION POR CORTE ( = 0.85 )

Por Flexin:

T t
Lv=
2
Vdu=( WnuxB)(Lv-d)
Vc=0 .53 f'c bd
Vc Vdu

Lv =
r.e =
b ( 3/4") =
d=
Vdu =

150.00
7.50
1.91
60.59
101,975.73

cm
cm
cm
cm
kg

(Suponiendo varillas 3/4")

( d = hc - b - r.e. )

T t
2
Vdu=( WnuxB)(Lv-d)
Vc=0 .53 f'c bd
Vc Vdu
Lv=

= 0.85

(Coef. De reduccion por corte)

Vc = 162,875.03 kg
Vc = 138,443.78 kg
Vc > Vdu OK!

Por Punzonamiento:

[ ]

Vc=0 . 27 2+

Vu=Pu-Wnu x mn
kg

Vc = 0.27 * 2 + 4
c
Vc =
Vc =

(perimetro de los
planos de falla)
* f 'c^.5 * bo * d = 1.06 * f 'c^.5 * bo * d

555,426.41

kg
Vc=
472,112.45 kg
Vc=
Vc > Vdu
OK!
c = lado mayor columna ( t )
1.4
c =
lado menor columna ( b )
m=t+d
n=t+b
bo = 2*m + 2*n
Vu = vc OK !

2m +2n

448,939.43 Kg
381,598.52

Kg

d/2
d/2

m = 130.59
n = 110.59
Vu = 1.1 x f'c x bo x d
Vu = 448,939.43
kg
vc = 381,598.52
kg

bo = 2 x ( t + d ) + 2 x ( b + d ) =
bo = 482.36
cm

Dmayor
c= Dmenor ,
c2Vc=1. 06 f ' c bo d
VuVc; =0 . 85

n = b+d

374,938.21

f ' c bo d

Vu =

m = t+d
T

4.- CALCULO DEL REFUERZO LONGITUDINAL ( = 0.90 )

Direccin Mayor:

( Wnu x B) Lv
2
Mu
As=
a
Fy ( d- )
2
As . Fy
a=
0 . 85f'cb

Mu=

As mn = 0.0018 * B * d
As > As mn OK !!

Lv =
150.00
Mu = 12,831,081.08
B=
d=
a=
As =
a=

350.00

60.59
3.89
57.88
3.89

As = 57.88
Ab
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e - b
n -1

As mn = 44.1
As

cm
ree = 7.50
kg-cm b ( 3/4") = 1.91

>

cm
2
cm2
cm (Valor Asumido)
Ab ( 3/4" ) =
2
cm
#
Varilla ( n ) =
cm
2
Espaciam =
20 3/4" @
cm2

cm2
As mn

Ab ( 3/4" ) =
# Varilla ( n ) =
Espaciam =
15 3/4" @

2.85
20
17.53
17.53

cm

2.85
15
23.79
23.79 cm

OK !!

Direccin Menor:
As tranv = As * T
B
As mn = 0.0018 * B * d
As > As mn OK !!
Ab
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e - b
n -1

T=
B=
d=
a=

370
ree =
350
b ( 3/4") =
cm
60.59 2cm2
5.01 cm (Valor Asumido)
2
Ab ( 3/4" ) =
# Varilla ( n ) =
Espaciam =
As transv = 61.19
21 3/4" @
cm2

7.50

cm

1.91 2
cm

2.85
cm2
21
17.65
17.65 cm

Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85
# Varilla ( n ) = 16
Espaciam = 23.54

Asmin = 46.62
As transv

16 3/4" @ 23.54 cm

cm2
>

As mn

OK !!

Longitud de desarrollo en Traccion ( Ld )

ld = b * fy *
3.54 * f 'c^.5 * C + Kr
b
Lv1 = Lv - r.e.e

<

Lv1

La Zapata es rectangular se debe compartir el Refuerzo adecuadamente de la siguiente manera:

Asc = 2 * Astrv
( + 1 )
= Lado mayor Zapata
Lado menor Zapata
Ab
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e.e - b
n -1

=
=
=
=

1.00
0.80
1.00
1.00

b (3/4") =
r.e.e =
fy =
f'c =

1.91
7.50
4200
210

C = 8.50
ktr = 0
2.5

Longitud de desarrollo en traccin

Lv1 = 142.50 cm
Ld = 50.04 cm
Ld < Lv1

q = ( C+kt r )/ b
q= 10.41
q >= 2.5 ,PONER 2.5 !!
q < 2.5 ,PONER q !!

OK !!

Espaciamiento del Refuerzo

Asc = 61.19 cm2

45 cm
3xh

210 cm

> 17.65 OK !!

5.- VERIFICACION DE LA CONEXIN COLUMNA - ZAPATA ( = 0.70 )

Para la seccin A colum = 70*50 = 3500 cm ( COLUMNA )
* 0.85 * f 'c * As1
A colum = b *t
Pu < ( * 0.85 * f 'c * A1)
Ab
As mn = 0.005 * A1
# Varilla = As1
Ab
As col. > As mn OK !!

Pu = 422000 kg
A1 = 3500
cm2
* 0.85 * f 'c * A1 = 583100 kg
Pu < * 0.85 * f 'c * A1

# Varilla ( n ) =

OK !!

As mn = 17.50 cm2
Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2
USAR
As1 = 17.50 cm2
OK !!
As col > As min

Para la seccin A zapata = 350*370 = 129500 cm ( ZAPATA )

Pu < x 0.85 x f 'c x A2/A1 x A1

x 0.85 x f 'c x A2/A1 x A1 =

Pu = 422000 kg
A1 = 3500 cm2
A2 = 129500 cm2
874650 kg

OK !!

A2/A1 =

###

Pgina 5 de 43

DISEO DE ZAPATA COMBINADA

Disear la zapata combinada que soportara las columnas mostradas en la figura. La capacidad portante del suelo es
qa = 2 kg/cm2Considere fy = 4200 kg/cm2 y f'c = 210 kg/cm2 para la cimentacion . F'c = 280 kg/cm2 en las columnas.
COL:
C1
C2

SECCION
30 X 30
40 X 40
b x t

REF.
9 3/4"
9 3/4"
Acero

PD
60
80
tn

PL
20
40
tn

PL1

PL2
S/C = 500 kg/m

t1

hc = 54.00

t2

5.15

Df = 1.60
m = 1600
qa = 2.50

h t = 106.00

b2

b1

0.95

m
Otros
kg/m3
S/C = 500 kg/m
kg/cm2 d(eje-eje)= 5.00 m

f'c=

Columna
280 kg/cm

f'c=
fy =

Zapata
210 kg/cm
4200 kg/cm

1.- DIMENSIONAMIENTO DE LA ZAPATA ( Az = S*T )

Clculo del peralte de la zapata (hc )
ld = 0.08 * b * Fy
raiz(f 'c)

b ( 3/4" ) =
0.08 x b x fy / f c =

1.91
44

cm
cm

32

cm

ld =

44

cm

r.e =
hc=
ht=

7.50
54.00
106.00

cm
cm
cm

ht =

106.00

cm

qm =

2.15

.004*b*fy =

OK !!

ld >= 0.004 * b * fy
Tomar
hc = ld + r.e + b
hm = Df - hc

Tomar

Longitud de desarrollo en compresin

Clculo de la presin neta del suelo ( qm )

qm = qa - m*ht -c*hc - s/c

kg/cm

Clculo del rea de la zapata ( Az )

P1s =

Ps1 = P1D + P1L

Ps2 = P2D + P2L
Rs = P1s + P2s
15

80

Tn

P2s = 120 Tn

15

20

20

+Mo = 0
0

Rs * Xo = P1s* t1/2 + P2s * 455

Xo = ??

Xo
515.00
Rs =

Lz / 2
e = Lz / 2 - Xo
Lz / 6
e < Lz/6
q1,2 = Rs * 1 6 * e
Lz
Lz

P1s =
P2s =
Rs =
Xo =

80
120
200
315

Tn
Tn
Tn
cm

Lz =
Lz / 2 =
e=
Lz / 6=

630.00
315.00
0.00
105

cm
cm
cm
cm

115.00
200

Tn

cm

Pgina 6 de 43

L = 2 x Xo

L=

630

cm

B=
148
cm
tomamos B =
85 cm

B =(P1s +P2s)
qm x L

Como S/C = 500 kg/cm, Verificamos las presiones del suelo - ADICIONAL ( q 1,2 )
Ps1 = P1D + 50%P1L
Ps2 = P2D + P2L
R1s = P1s + P2s

P1s =

+Mo = 0

15

R1s * Xo = P1s* t1/2 + P2s * 455

Xo = ??

70 Tn

P2s = 120 Tn

15

20

20

0
Xo
515.00

e = Xo1 - Xo
q = Ps + Mc = Ps + Ps x e
Az I
Az
I

P1s =
P2s =
R1s =
Xo1 =

70
120
190
330.79

Tn
Tn
Tn
cm

115.00

R1s =

e=

190

15.79

cm

Tn
I = ( B x L^3 )/12
I=
1115370

cm

cm4

AUMENTAMOS EL ANCHO B
q=
76.17
kg/cm2
q < qm cumple " OK "
q > qm no cumple "AUMENTAMOS EL ANCHO B"

150 cm
Aumentamos el Ancho hc =
Un nuevo calculo
Ps =
e=
B=
I=

2E+05 kg
15.79 cm
180
cm
50625000
cm4

OK !!

q = 3.28 kg/cm2

Ps1 = P1D + P1L

Ps2 = P2D + 50%P2L
R2s = P1s + P2s

P1s =

+Mo = 0

15

R2s * Xo = P1s* t1/2 + P2s * 455

Xo = ??

80 Tn

P2s = 100 Tn

15

20

20

0
Xo
470.00

Lz / 2
e2 = Lz / 2 - Xo
Lz / 6
e2 < Lz/6
q1,2 = R2s * 1 6 * e2
B

P1s =
P2s =
R2s =
Xo =

80
100
180
267.78

Tn
Tn
Tn
cm

115.00

R2s =

q > qm no cumple "AUMENTAMOS EL ANCHO B"

q < qm cumple " OK "

cm

180 Tn

e=

47.22

cm

I = ( B x L^3 )/12
I=
50625000

q=

14.18

kg/cm2

AUMENTAMOS EL ANCHO B

2.- DISEO EN SENTIDO LONGITUDINAL

P1s =

80 Tn

P2s =

cm4

120 Tn

Clculo de la presin neta por unidad de longitud ( qm )

qm
15

qn = P1s + P2s
Az
qn = 17636.684 kg/m
Por unidad de Longitud
qm = qm1*B

4.55

( No amplificada )

Por Unidad de LONGITUD

qm = 17636.68 kg/m

1.15

cm3

Pgina 7 de 43

95308.648 kg

V
264550.2 kg

+
-

10.3399

-24691.35 kg
184550.2 kg
kg - m
2938244.16
M

+
1984126.5 kg - m
kg - m

1419752.74
Encontramos el diagrama de fuerzas cortantes verificamos el corte por Flexion:
d = -ree + hc
1.50 x Vu =
100370.39
d = 141.00
cm
Vu = Vmax - qn x ( b2/2 + d ) =
66913.593 kg
Aporte del Concreto :

Vc = 0.53 x f ' c x b x d =

0.85 x Vc = 165689.91 kg
Aumentamos el Peralte a h =
150 cm.
Vu = Vmax - qn x ( b2/2 + d ) =
Aporte del Concreto :

194929.31 kg
d=
d=

kg

ya que : F = ( 1.4 x D + 1.7 x L )/( D + L )

F=

Vu < 0 x Vc

Cumple !!

Vu < 0 x Vc

Cumple !!

1.5

OK !!
h- ree
141 cm

66913.593 kg

Vc = 0.53 x f ' c x b x d =

194929.31 kg

0.85 x Vc = 165689.91 kg

Vu < O x Vc

CUMPLE !!

VERIFICACION POR CORTE ( = 0.85 )

COLUMNA EXTERIOR :
Vu = 1.50 x ( Pu - qnu x m x n ) =
74535.714 kg
Vu = 74535.71429 kg
c =
El aporte del Concreto :
1
bo = ( b + ,5*d ) + 2x( t + d ) =

Vc = 0.27 x 2 +

382 cm

4 x f 'c x bo x d
c

Vc =
Vc =

991412.01
842700.21

Vu < Vc

kg
kg

CUMPLE !!

127088.62
1

bo = ( b + 0,5*d ) + 2x( t + d ) = 473 cm

Vc = 0.27 x 2 +

Vc = 1460079.508 kg
Vc = 1241067.582 kg
Vc = 1.10 x f 'c x bo x d =

COLUMNA INTERIOR :
Vu = 1.50 x ( Pu - qnu x m x n ) =
Vu =
127088.62
kg
c =
El aporte del Concreto :

4 x f 'c x bo x d
c

Vc = 1805988 kg
Vc = 1535090 kg
991412

kg

Vc = 1.10 x f 'c x bo x d =
Vc = 1226288 kg
Vc = 1042345 kg
Vu < Vc

CUMPLE !!

###

kg

kg

Pgina 8 de 43

4.- CALCULO DEL REFUERZO EN EL TRAMO CENTRAL

X x qn - P1 = 0
X=

P1
qn
Calculo de As :

X = 4.54 m
m
m

As = Mu / ( * fy * ( d - a/2 ))
a = As * fy / ( 0.85 * f 'c * B )

As mn = 0.0018 * B * d
As > As mn OK !!
Ab
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e - b
n -1

Mu =

Mu =

B=
d=
a=
As =
a=

180 cm2
141 cm2
2.77 cm
48.16 cm2
6.3
cm

As = 48.78 cm2

As mn = 45.68 cm2
As

>

qn x X^2
2

P1 x X

169440.04
r .e .e =

Mu = -169440

kg - m
8cm

db =1.91
c
m
2.85
2

(Valor Asumido)
Ab ( 3/4" ) =
cm2
# Varilla ( n ) =
17
Espaciam =10 cm
17 3/4" @
10
cm
Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2
Varilla ( n ) = 16
Espaciam =11 cm
16 3/4" @
11 cm

As mn

OK !!

5.- CALCULO DEL REFUERZO POR DEBAJO DE LA COLUMNA INTERIOR

Mu =

qn x ( L )^2
2

Mu =

17283.95

L=

1.81

Calculo de As :

As = Mu / ( * fy * ( d - a/2 ))
a = As * fy / ( 0.85 * f 'c * B )

As mn = 0.0018 * B * d
As > As mn OK !!
Ab
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e - b
n -1

kg - m
m

1.4

Mu =

B=
d=
a=
As =
a=

180
141
0.18
4.87
0.64

As

>

kg - m
8cm

db =1.91
c

(Valor Asumido)
m
Ab ( 3/4" ) =
2.85
2
cm2
# Varilla ( n ) =
2
Espaciam =162cm
2 3/4" @
162 cm

As = 4.88 cm2

As mn = 48.6 cm2

17283.95
r .e .e =

cm2
cm2
cm2
cm2
cm

14 5/8"@ 22cm

Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2

Varilla ( n ) = 17
Espaciam =10 cm
17 3/4" @
10 cm

As mn

ASUMIR As mn !!

Disear en sentido transversal a cada columna le corresponde una porcion de Zapata

d/2

1.105

ZAPATA EXTERIOR

d/2

d/2

1.81

ZAPATA INTERIOR

kg - m

Pgina 9 de 43

qn =

Pu
Az

Mu =

qnu x B x (L^2)
2

B=
d=
a=
As =
a=

110.5 cm2 r .e .e = 8 cm
db = 1.59 cm2
141 cm2
0.52
(Valor Asumido)
cm
3.46
cm2
0.74
cm

qn =

As = 3.47 cm2

As mn = 29.84 cm2

5.93

kg/cm2

Mu = 1842933

qn =

Pu
Az

Mu =

qnu x B x (L^2)
2

B=
d=
a=
As =
a=

Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2

# Varilla ( n ) = 10
Espaciam = 10.00 cm
10 3/4" @ 10 cm

qn = 5.52 kg/cm2

181
141
0.64
4.60
0.6

As = 4.6

Mu =
r .e .e = 8 cm

cm
cm2

###
db =

(Valor Asumido)

cm
cm2
cm

Ab ( 3/4" ) =
# Varilla ( n ) =
Espaciam =
### 3/4" @

cm2

As mn = 48.87

1.59 cm2

cm2

6.- VERIFICACION DE LA CONEXIN ZAPATA - COLUMNA( = 0.70 )

Para la seccin A columna = 50*50 = 2500 cm ( COLUMNA )
Pu = 118000 kg
A1 = 900 cm2
* 0.85 * f 'c * A1 = 149940 kg

* 0.85 * f 'c * As1

A colum = b *t
Pu < ( * 0.85 * f 'c * A1)
As mn = 0.005 * A1
# Varilla = As1
Ab
As col. > As mn OK !!

As mn = 4.50 cm2

Pu < * 0.85 * f 'c * A1

As col > As min

CUMPLE !!

OK !!

Para la seccin B columna = 40*50 = 2000 cm ( COLUMNA )

* 0.85 * f 'c * As1
A colum = b *t
Pu < ( * 0.85 * f 'c * A1)
As mn = 0.005 * A1
# Varilla = As1
Ab
As col. > As mn OK !!

Pu = 180000 kg
A1 = 1600 cm2
* 0.85 * f 'c * A1 = 266560 kg
Pu < * 0.85 * f 'c * A1

As mn = 8.00 cm2
As col > As min

CUMPLE !!

OK !!

Detalle de refuerzos en la Zapata Combinada verificamos primero el espaciamiento maximo

Espaciamiento del Refuerzo
45 cm
3xh=
450 cm

>
450

d/2

OK !!

d/2

d/2

24 3/4"@ 11cm

18 3/4"@ 10cm

11 3/4"@ 10cm

25 3/4"@ 10cm

Longitud de desarrollo en Traccion ( Ld )

ld = b * fy * <
3.54 * f 'c^.5 * C + Kr
b
Lv1 = Lv - r.e.e

Lv1
Ld =

65 cm

Ld1 = 42 cm

La Zapata es rectangular se debe compartir el Refuerzo adecuadamente de la siguiente manera:

Asc = 2 * Astrv
( + 1 )
= Lado mayor Zapata
Lado menor Zapata
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e.e - b
n -1
Calculo del refuerzo minimo :
As mn = 48.60 cm2
Ab ( 3/4" ) =
# Varilla ( n ) =
Espaciam =
17 3/4" @

2.85 cm2
17
10.00 cm
10 cm

b (3/4") = 1.91
= 1.00
b (5/8") = 1.59
= 0.80
r.e.e = 7.50
= 1.00
fy = 4200
= 1.30
f'c = ###
= 1.00
Longitud de desarrollo en traccin

C = 6.50
ktr = 0

2.5

q=

q = ( C+kt r )/ b
8.41

q >= 2.5 ,PONER 2.5 !!

q < 2.5 ,PONER q !!

Lv1 = 87.50
Ld < Lv1
Ld = 65.05 cm
Refuerzo montaje en forma de Garrido

OK !!

3/8" para refuerzo principal =< 3/4"

1/2" para refuerzo principal > 3/4"
con espaciamiento maximo de 45 cm.
0.2

2.85 cm2
17
10.00 cm
10 cm

Pgina 10 de 43

DISEO DE ZAPATA CONECTADA

Disear la zapata conectada que soportara las columnas mostradas en la figura . La capacidad portante
admisible del suelo es qa = 2.0 kg/cm2 . Considere Fy = 4200 kg/cm2 , f'c = 175 kg/cm2 para la
cimentacion

DATOS:
Zapata
f ' c = 175 kg/cm
Columna
f ' c = 210 kg/cm
b1 = 50 cm
t1 = 50 cm
b2 = 40 cm
t2 = 50 cm
COL
1
2

fy=
Df =
m =
c =
qa =
db =

SECCION REFUERZO
50 X
50
9 3/4"
40 X
50
9 3/4"

Acero
4200
Suelo
1.60
1800
2400
2.00
1.91
PD (tn)
50
40

kg/cm

S/C = 500 kg/m

m
kg/m
kg/m
kg/cm
cm

Lc = 550 cm
db = 1.91 cm

PL (tn)
30
24

1.- DIMENSIONAMIENTO DE LA ZAPATA Y VIGA DE CIMENTACION

ZAPATA EXTERIOR:

Ld =

Ld = 0.08x1,91x4200/(175^(1/2)) =
Ld = 49 cm

0.08xdbxfy

f 'c

ld >= 0.004 * b * fy

Ld >= 0.004x1.91x4200 =
Ld = 32 cm

48.51 cm

hc = Ld + r.ee + b
hm = Df - hc

32.09 cm

Clculo del peralte de la zapata (hc )

hc = 59 cm
hc = Ld + 10 =
ht = 101 cm

ht = Df - hc =

Clculo de la presin neta del suelo ( qm )

qn = qa - m*hm - gc*hc - s/c

qn = 2.4-(1800xE^-06)x(101)-(2400xE^06)x(59)-(500xE^04) =
qn =

CALCULO DE P'2 : Tanteo e =

P'2 =

P1xe

A = 2 x( b )^2 =
nuevo e =

57 cm

( PD + PL ) x e

P'2 = 9249.49kg
Ps
Az =
qn

Lc - e
Az =

( 50 + 30 ) x 1000 x 57
550 - 57

P1 + P' 2
qn

54868.44
b -t
2 2

1.63 kg/cm2

= 54868.437

b = 166

A = 2 x( b )^2 = 54980

t=2b

Tomamos b = 165 cm

cm2

9431
54980
b = 166
b= 165
t= 330

----->

A = 165 x 330

e = 57 cm

9249.49

cm
P'1 =
P'2 =

e = 58

==
=

tomamos

Pgina 11 de 43

Pgina 12 de 43

ZAPATA EXTERIOR:

Ld =

49

Ld = 0.08x1.91x4200/(175^(1/2)) =
Ld = 49 cm

0.08xdbxfy

f 'c

ld >= 0.004 * b * fy

hc = Ld + r.ee + b
hm = Df - hc

cm

32 cm

Ld >= 0.004x1.91x4200 =
Ld = 32 cm

Clculo del peralte de la zapata (hc )

hc = 60 cm
hc = Ld + 10 =
ht = 100 cm

ht = Df - hc =

Clculo de la presin neta del suelo ( qm )

qn = qa - m*hm - gc*hc - s/c

qn = 2.4-(1700xE^-06)x(120)-(2400xE-06)x(60)-(500xE-04) =
qn =

CALCULO DE P'2 : Tanteo e =

P'2 =

P1xe

A = ( b )^2 =

71 cm

( PD + PL ) x e

P'2 = 9486.00kg
Ps
Az =
qn

Lc - e
Az =

( 40 + 24 ) x 1000 x 50
550 - 50

P2 + P' 2
qn

36743.00

b = 192

b -t
2 2

nuevo e =

2.00 kg/cm2

36743

P'1 =
P'2 =

e = 71

150

cm2

usamos b =

A = 2 x( b )^2 = 44743

b=

= = 9486

155 cm

9486
44743
b = 150

A2 = ( 150 x 150 )

VIGAS DE CIMENTACION
h=
b=

Lc
7

550
7

P1
31 x Lc

h = 79 cm

SECCION
50 x 80

b = 47 cm

DISEO DE LA VIGA DE CONEXIN

Wv = b x h x c =

9.6

As = Mu / ( * fy * ( d - a/2 ))
a = As x fy / ( 0.85 x f 'c x b )
As mn = 0.8 x (f ' c ^0.5) x B * d/ fy
As > As mn OK !!
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e - b
n -1

kg/m

Mu = P' 2 x L + Wv x ( L^2 )/2=

7250000
Mu = 7250000 kg-cm
b ( 3/4") =
ree = 7.50
1.91
B = 50
cm
d = 79.00 2cm2
a = 5.00 cm2(Valor Asumido)
As = 25.07 cm2
Ab ( 1" ) =
a = 14.16 cm
# Varilla ( n ) =
Espaciam =
As = 26.67 cm2
11 1" @

2.54 cm2
11
3 cm
3 cm

Pgina 13 de 43

As mn = 9.95

cm2
As > Asmin

11

1" @
OK !!

cm

Pgina 14 de 43

VERIFICACION POR CORTE

Vu = P' 2 + Wv x L
L

APORTE DEL CONCRETO

Vu =

21982 KG
Vu < Vc

23540

Vc = 0.53 x (f ' c ^0.5) x b x d =

OK !!

DISEO DE LA ZAPATA EXTERIOR

ZAPATA EXTERIOR

ZAPATA INTERIOR

qn =

Pu
Az

Mu =

qnu x B x (L^2)
2

B=
d=
a=
As =
a=

qn =

150 cm2
41 cm2
5.00
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

cm2
cm2
cm

As = #DIV/0!cm2

As mn = 13.5
###

#DIV/0!

Mu =

kg/cm2

#DIV/0!

r .e .e = 7.5 cm
db = 1.59 cm2
(Valor Asumido)

Ab ( 5/8" ) = 1.98 cm2

# Varilla ( n ) = #DIV/0!
Espaciam = #DIV/0!
cm
cm2

5/8" @

Pu
Az

qn =

Mu =
L=
B=
d=
a=
As =
a=

#DIV/0!

qnu x B x (L^2)
2
100 cm
r .e .e =
250 cm2
51
5 cm
( Valor Asumido )
#DIV/0!cm2
#DIV/0!
cm

As = #DIV/0!cm2
#Varilla n = 14
Espaciam. = 17.88
Asmin = 27 cm2

#DIV/0!
cm

14

5/8" @

6.- VERIFICACION DE LA CONEXIN ZAPATA - COLUMNA( = 0.70 )

Columna Exterior
Para la seccin A columna = 50 x 50 = 2500 cm ( COLUMNA )
* 0.85 * f 'c * As1
A colum = b *t
Pu < ( * 0.85 * f 'c * A1)
As mn = 0.005 * A1
# Varilla = As1
Ab
As col. > As mn OK !!

Pu = 121000 kg
A1 = 2500 cm2
* 0.85 * f 'c * A1 = 312375 kg
Pu < * 0.85 * f 'c * A1

# Varilla ( n ) =

OK !!

As mn = 12.50 cm2
Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2
USAR : As1 = 12.50 cm2
OK !!
Columna Interior
As col > As min
Para la seccin B columna = 50 x 50 = 2500 cm ( COLUMNA )
Pu = 96800 kg
* 0.85 * f 'c * As1
A1 = 2000 cm2
A colum = b *t
* 0.85 * f 'c * A1 = 249900 kg
# Varilla ( n ) =
Pu < ( * 0.85 * f 'c * A1)
Ab ( 3/4" ) =
As mn = 0.005 * A1
Pu < * 0.85 * f 'c * A1
USAR :
As1 =
OK !!
# Varilla = As1
Ab
As mn = 10.00 cm2
OK !!
As col. > As mn OK !!
As col > As min

Longitud de desarrollo en Traccion ( Ld )

ld = b * fy *
3.54 * f 'c^.5 * C + Kr
b
Lv1 = Lv - r.e.e

<

Lv1

Pgina 15 de 43

La Zapata es rectangular se debe compartir el Refuerzo adecuadamente de la siguiente manera:

Asc = 2 * Astrv
( + 1 )
= Lado mayor Zapata
Lado menor Zapata
Ab
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e.e - b
n -1

=
=
=
=

1.00
0.80
1.00
1.00

b (5/8") =
r.e.e =
fy =
f'c =

1.59
7.50
4200
175

C = 8.50
ktr = 0
2.5

Longitud de desarrollo en traccin

Lv1 = 38.13 cm
Ld = 46 cm
AUMENTAR EL T !!
Ld < Lv1

q = ( C+kt r )/ b
q=
q >= 2.5 ,PONER 2.5 !!
q < 2.5 ,PONER q !!

Espaciamiento del Refuerzo

45 cm
3xh

0 cm

As1 =
>

OK !!

6 1"@ 7cm

14 5/8"@ 22cm
12 5/8"@ 12cm

d/2
d/2

14 5/8"@ 18cm

Pgina 16 de 43

Pgina 17 de 43

Pgina 18 de 43

cm2

3
3

Pgina 19 de 43

Pgina 20 de 43

kg

#DIV/0! kg
8 cm

( Valor Asumido )

18 cm

4
2.85
cm2
10.00 cm2

OK !!

Pgina 21 de 43

8.50

q = ( C+kt r )/ b
10.09
q >= 2.5 ,PONER 2.5 !!
q < 2.5 ,PONER q !!

DISEO DE LOSA DE CIMENTACION

S/C= 450

m1=

1700

KS
0.9

Y'
A

D
0.2

4.5

Y
9.8
4

6
X

H
4.5

J
0.2

5.4

0.6
X'

5.4

0.6

11.6
DATOS
COLUMNA

PD (ton)

PL (ton)

Pu

F'c =

210

kg/cm2

45

25

70

Fy =

4200

kg/cm2

60

30

90

c=

2400

kg/m3

60

30

90

qa =

1.4

kg/cm2

60

30

90

Ks =

kg/cm3

100

40

140

S/C=

450

Kg/m2

6
7
8
9

70
60
70
60
585

30
30
30
30
275

100
90
100
90
860

1700

kg/m3

1.- CALCULO DEL ESPESOR DE LA PLACA

METODO DE DISEO ASUMIENDO

3Ks
Et3

m1=

t=

50

cm.

E=15000*F'c

0.003242 m-1

1.75

5.401

0.003240

m-1

Lc= 5.4
Lc= 4.5

Se debe cumplir la siguiente condicin:

1.75/<Lc
METODO RIGIDO
AREA DE LOSA
A= B * L =

113.68 m2

B=
L=

11.6
9.8

m.
m.

Df=

90

cm.

ht=

40

cm.

PRESIONES DEL SUELO

qn=qa - * ht - c * hc - S/C
qn=

1.167

kg/cm

2.-PRESION POR DEBAJO DE PUNTOS PERIMETRALES

X'= PiXi
Pi

ex= X' - B/2

X'=

cm.

578.84

Y'= PiYi
Pi
Y'=

494.30

X =

579

cm.

ex =

-1

cm.

Y '=

494

cm.

ey =

cm.

cm.

ey= Y' - L/2

Entonces :

q = ( Pu/a ) + - ( MyX / Iy ) + - ( MxY / Ix )

Donde :
Pu=

1286500

kg.

Ix= BL3/12

909.8189333

Ix=

909.8189 m4

Iy= LB3/12

1274.731733

Iy=

1274.7317 m4

ENTONCES:
q=

1286500 + - 1286500x + - 5146000y

(980)(1160)

q=

1.275*1011

9.098*1010

1.132 + - 0.00001x + - 0.00006y

Pu/A = 1.1317

Pu/A = 1.132

3.-PROCESAMOS LA TABLA
PUNTO

Pu/A

X(cm.)

0.00001X

Y(cm.)

0.00006y

q(kg/cm2)

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J

1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132

-580
-290
250
580
-580
580
-580
580
-580
-290

0.006
0.003
-0.003
-0.006
0.006
-0.006
0.006
-0.006
0.006
0.003

490
490
490
490
245
245
-205
-205
-490
-490

0.029
0.029
0.029
0.029
0.015
0.015
-0.012
-0.012
-0.029
-0.029

1.167
1.164
1.159
1.156
1.153
1.141
1.126
1.114
1.108
1.106

K
L

1.132
1.132

250
580

-0.003
-0.006

-490
-490

-0.029
-0.029

1.100
1.097

4.-COMPARAMOS LAS PRESIONES CALCULADAS CON LA PRESION NETA DEL SUELO

q<=qn

SI CUMPLE

5.-CALCULAMOS EL PERALTE DE LA LOSA A PARTIR DEL CORTE POR PUNZONAMIENTO

COLUMNA 5

Vu = Pu - (qnu * m * n)

n= 40 + d

d/2

m = 40 + d
Vu= 1.4*100000 +1.7*40000 -1.167*(40+d)*(40+d)
Vu=

Vc=1.1F'c*bo*d
Igualamos :

Vu = Vc

Vc=1.1210*4(40+d)
Vc=
n = 40 +d/2

COLUMNA 2

Vu = Pu - (qnu * m * n)
Vu= 1.4*60000 +1.7*30000 -1.167*(40+d)*(40+d/2)

m = 40 +d

COLUMNA 1

Vc=1.1F'c*bo*d

Vu = Pu - (qnu * m * n)

Vc=1.1210*(120+2d)d
Vc=
Igualamos

Vu=Vc

n=40 +d/2

m = 40 +d/2

Vu= 1.4*45000 +1.7*25000 -1.167*(40+d/2)*(40+d/2)

Vu=

Vc=1.1F'c*bo*d
Vc=1.1210*2(40+d/2)d
Vc= 1083.95d +13.55d2
Igualamos

Vu=Vc
13.83d2 + 1130.63d - 103633 =0

Si

d = 55
ht = 65

VERIFICAMOS LA CONDICION DE DISEO

3Ks

E=15000*F'c

Et3
=

0.002663 m-1

1.75
6.579
m.

Se debe cumplir la siguiente condicin:

1.75/<Lc

0.002660 m-1
Lc= 5.4
Lc= 4.5

METODO RIGIDO

6.-CALCULAMOS EL FACTOR DE AMPLIFICACION DE CARGA F PARA CADA FRANJA

FRANJA

q prom.

CP

A
B
C
D
E
F
E
F
H
G
G
H
I
J
K
L
A
B
J
I
G
E
B
C
J
K
C
D
F
H
K
L

1.167
1.164
1.159
1.156
1.153
1.141
1.153
1.141
1.114
1.126
1.126
1.114
1.108
1.106
1.100
1.097
1.167
1.164
1.106
1.108
1.126
1.153
1.164
1.159
1.106
1.100
1.159
1.156
1.141
1.114
1.100
1.097

1.1566

245

1160

P1
P2
P3

375500.0

352098

0.938
1

1.1332

450

1160

P4
P5
P6

492000.00 541765.2

1.101

1.1084

285

1160

P7
P8
P9

419000.00

392713

0.937
1

1.1372

290

980

P1
P4
P7

375500.00

349351

0.930
1

1.1322

540

980

P2
P5
P8

492000.00

545580

1.109

1.1277

330

980

P3
P6
P9

419000.00

391849

0.935

Efectuamos el diseo de la losa considerando por cuestiones academicas una sola franja central EFGH, en primer lugar
determinamos el diagrama de fuerzas cortantes y momentos flectores a partir del modelo estructural.

1.2 P4

1.2 P5

1.2 P6

q1 = b x (qe + qg)
2
q1 = 450 x ( 1.153 + 1.126 ) = 513
2

0.2

5.4

5.4

0.6

q2 = b x ( qf + qh )
2
q2 = 450 x ( 1.141 + 1.114 ) = 507
2
q = 510

149400
123600

1.2 x P4 =
1.2 x P5 =
1.2 x P6 =

10200

1.2 x(1.4x60000+1.7x30000) =
1.2 x(1.4x100000+1.7x40000) =
1.2 x(1.4x70000+1.7x30000) =

162000
249600
178800

Verificacion por Flexion

Vu = 151800 - 510*(20 + 56 ) =

113040

Vc = 0.53 x( 210 ^.5 ) x b x d =

126000

29400

151800

Vc =164515
Vu < Vc

OK

Refuerzo superior :
22489412

20614568
Mu =
a=

(-)

102000

22489412 kg -cm
5
cm

(-)

7512000

918000

AS =
111.21
a=
5.81
AS = 112.06
( 23 1" @ 20 cm )
Asmin = 0.0018 x b x h =

Refuerzo Inferior :
Mu =
a=

7512000 kg -cm
1.94
cm

AS =
36.11
a=
5.81
AS = 37.43
Asmin = 0.0018 x b x h =
( 19 3/4" @ 25 cm )

cm2
cm
cm2
52.65 cm2

cm2
cm
cm2

52.65 cm2

Disear la losa de cimentacin mostrada considerando un suelo de capacidad portante admisible

qa = 1,2 kg/cm. Todas las columnas son cuadradas de 50 cm x 50 cm. La profundidad de cimentacin
es de 1,10 m., el peso especfico del suelo es g = 1650 kg/m y la sobrecarga s/c = 500 kg/m ,
fy = 4200 kg/cm , f'c = 210 kg/cm y ks = 8 kg/cm.

4
5.05m

8
4.80m

10

11

12

20.00m
4.80m

13

14

15

16
4.80m

17

18

19

20
0.55m

5.75m

5.50m
17.45m

CUADRO DE CARGAS
Toneladas
COLUMNA
PD
PL
1
40
15
2-3
60
30
4
50
25
5 - 9 - 13
70
30
6 - 7 140
70
10 - 11 160
75
14 - 15 160
85
8 - 12 - 16
90
40
17
80
35
18 - 19
85
40
20 100
45

5.50m

0.70m

SOLUCION
s =

0.00165 kg/cm

50 cm

s/c =

0.05 kg/cm

tcol =

50 cm

fy =

4200 kg/cm

Df =

110 cm

f'c =

210 kg/cm

qa =

1.2 kg/cm

bcol =

Ks =

8 kg/cm

E=

217371 kg/cm

c =

0.25
0.0024 kg/cm

CALCULO DEL AREA DE LA LOSA Y EL ESPESOR

A=

20.00*17.45 m2

A=

349.00

m2

Mtodo a usar

3 x Ks

Lc =

550
480

Lc

<

1.75

METODO RIGIDO

Lc

1.75

METODO
FLEXIBLE

Si

E x t

cm
cm

Tabulando :
t

10
20
30
40
50
60
70

0.018228569
0.010838772
0.007996715
0.006444772
0.005451614
0.004754875
0.004235738

1,75/

96
161
219
272
321
368
413

METODO FLEXIBLE
METODO FLEXIBLE
METODO FLEXIBLE
METODO FLEXIBLE
METODO FLEXIBLE
METODO FLEXIBLE
METODO FLEXIBLE

CALCULO DE LA PRESION NETA

Asumiendo
t=

50.00 cm

qn =

qa - t x ht - c x hc - s/c

qn =

1,2 - 1650E-6 (110 - 50) - 2400E-6 (50) - 500E-4

qn =

0.931 kg/cm

Verificacin por punzonamiento

Vu =

Pu - qn x m x n

Vc =

1,1 f'c x bo x d

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

COLUMNA 1
50

50 + d/2
50

50 + d/2

Vu = 1,4 x 40000 + 1,7 x 15000 - 0,931 x (50 + d/2) x (50 + d/2)

Vu =

81500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 50 d + 0,25 d

( )

Vc = 1,10 210 x 2 (50 + d/2) d

Vc =

31.881 x ( 50 d + 0,50 d )

Vc =

27.099 x ( 50 d + 0,50 d )

( )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
27.099 x ( 50 d + 0,50 d )
1354,94 d + 13,55 d

81500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 50 d + 0,25 d )

81500 - 2327,50 - 46,55 d - 0,23 d

d + 101,70 d - 5745,46 = 0

d=

40.43 cm

NO OK !

COLUMNA 2 - 3

50

50 + d/2
50

50 + d

Vu =

1,4 x 60000 + 1,7 x 30000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d/2)

Vu =

135000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

Vc =

1,10 210 x (( 50 + d ) + ( 50 + d/2) x 2 ) x d

Vc =

15.941 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

( )

( )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )
2032,35 d + 27,098 d

= 135000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

=

135000 - 2327,50 - 69,825 d - 0,466 d

d + 76,27 d - 4813,25 = 0

d=

41.03 cm

COLUMNA 4

50

50 + d/2

NO OK !

50 + d/2
50

50 + d

Vu =

1,4 x 50000 + 1,7 x 25000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d/2)

Vu =

112500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

Vc =

1,10 210 x (( 50 + d ) + ( 50 + d/2) x 2 ) x d

Vc =

15.941 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

( )

( )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )
2032,35 d + 27,098 d

112500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

112500 - 2327,50 - 69,825 d - 0,466 d

d + 76,27 d - 3996,97 = 0

d=

35.7 cm

OK !

COLUMNA 5 - 9 - 13

50

50

50 + d/2

50 + d

Vu =

1,4 x 70000 + 1,7 x 30000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d/2)

Vu =

149000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

Vc =

1,10 210 x (( 50 + d ) + ( 50 + d/2) x 2 ) x d

Vc =

15.941 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

( )

( )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )
2032,35 d + 27,098 d

=
=

149000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

149000 - 2327,50 - 69,825 d - 0,466 d

d + 76,27 d - 5321,16 = 0

d=

44.18 cm

NO OK !

COLUMNA 6 - 7

50

50 + d

50

50 + d

Vu =
Vu =

1,4 x 140000 + 1,7 x 70000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d)

315000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

Vc =

1,10 210 x 4 x ( 50 + d ) x d

Vc =

15.941 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

( )

( )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )
2709,80 d + 54,196 d

=
=

315000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

315000 - 2327,50 - 93,10 d - 0,931 d

d + 50,84 d - 5671,86 = 0

d=

54.07 cm

NO OK !

COLUMNA 10 - 11

50

50 + d

50

50 + d

Vu =
Vu =

1,4 x 160000 + 1,7 x 75000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d)

351500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

Vc =

1,10 210 x 4 x ( 50 + d ) x d

Vc =

15.941 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

( )

( )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )
2709,80 d + 54,196 d

=
=

351500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

351500 - 2327,50 - 93,10 d - 0,931 d

d + 50,84 d - 6333,97 = 0

d=

58.13 cm

NO OK !

COLUMNA 14 - 15

50

50 + d

50

50 + d

Vu =
Vu =

1,4 x 160000 + 1,7 x 85000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d)

368500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

Vc =

1,10 210 x 4 x ( 50 + d ) x d

Vc =

15.941 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

( )

( )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )
2709,80 d + 54,196 d

=
=

368500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

368500 - 2327,50 - 93,10 d - 0,931 d

d + 50,84 d - 6642,34 = 0

d=

59.95 cm

NO OK !

COLUMNA 8 - 12 - 16

50

50 + d

50

50 + d

Vu = 1,4 x 90000 + 1,7 x 40000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d)

Vu =

194000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

( )

Vc = 1,10 210 x 4 x ( 50 + d ) x d
Vc =

15.941 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

( )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )
2709,80 d + 54,196 d

=
=

194000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

194000 - 2327,50 - 93,10 d - 0,931 d

d + 50,84 d - 3476,93 = 0

d=

38.79 cm

OK !

COLUMNA 17

50

50

50 + d/2

50 + d

Vu = 1,4 x 80000 + 1,7 x 35000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d/2)

Vu =

171500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

( )

Vc = 1,10 210 x (( 50 + d ) + ( 50 + d/2) x 2 ) x d

Vc =

15.941 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )

( )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
13.549 x ( 150 d + 2 d )
2032,35 d + 27,098 d

=
=

171500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 75 d + 0,5 d )

171500 - 2327,50 - 69,825 d - 0,466 d

d + 76,27 d - 6137,44 = 0

d=

49.00 cm

NO OK !

COLUMNA 18 - 19

50

50 + d

50

50 + d

Vu = 1,4 x 85000 + 1,7 x 40000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d)

Vu =

187000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

( )

Vc = 1,10 210 x 4 x ( 50 + d ) x d
Vc =

15.941 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

( )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )
2709,80 d + 54,196 d

=
=

187000 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

187000 - 2327,50 - 93,10 d - 0,931 d

d + 50,84 d - 3349,95 = 0

d=

37.79 cm

OK !

COLUMNA 20

50

50 + d

50

50 + d

Vu = 1,4 x 100000 + 1,7 x 45000 - 0,931 x (50 + d) x (50 + d)

Vu =

216500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

( )

Vc = 1,10 210 x 4 x ( 50 + d ) x d
Vc =

15.941 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

Vc =

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

( )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )
2709,80 d + 54,196 d

216500 - 0,931 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

216500 - 2327,50 - 93,10 d - 0,931 d

d + 50,84 d - 3885,07 = 0

d=

41.89 cm

t=

70 cm

qn =

NO OK !

1,2 - 1650E-6 (110 - 70) - 2400E-6 (70) - 500E-4

qn =

0.916 kg/cm

COLUMNA 14 - 15

50

50 + d

50

50 + d

Vu = 1,4 x 160000 + 1,7 x 85000 - 0,916 x (50 + d) x (50 + d)

Vu =

368500 - 0,916 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

Vc = 1,10 210 x 4 x ( 50 + d ) x d
Vc =

15.941 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

( )

 Vc =

( )

13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )

Igualando ( ) y ( ), tenemos:
13.549 x ( 200 d + 4 d )
2709,80 d + 54,196 d

=
=

368500 - 0,916 x ( 2500 + 100 d + d )

368500 - 2290 - 91,60 d - 0,916 d

d + 50,83 d - 6644,83 = 0

d=

59.97 cm

t=

OK !

70.00 cm.

3.-PROCESAMOS LA TABLA
PUNTO
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L

Pu/A
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132
1.132

X(cm.)
-580
-290
250
580
-580
580
-580
580
-580
-290
250
580

0.00001 Y(cm.) 0.00006y

0.006
490
0.029
0.003
490
0.029
-0.003
490
0.029
-0.006
490
0.029
0.006
245
0.015
-0.006
245
0.015
0.006
-205
-0.012
-0.006
-205
-0.012
0.006
-490
-0.029
0.003
-490
-0.029
-0.003
-490
-0.029
-0.006
-490
-0.029

q(kg/cm2)
1.167
1.164
1.159
1.156
1.153
1.141
1.126
1.114
1.108
1.106
1.100
1.097

6.-CALCULAMOS EL FACTOR DE AMPLIFICACION DE CARGA F PARA CADA FRANJA

FRANJA
A
B
C
D
E
F
E
F
H
G
G
H
I
J
K
L

q
1.167
1.164
1.159
1.156
1.153
1.141
1.153
1.141
1.114
1.126
1.126
1.114
1.108
1.106
1.100
1.097

q prom.
1.1566

b
245

L
1160

P
P1
P2
P3

P
626450000.0

1.1332

450

1160

P4
P5
P6

626450000.00 313520765.2

0.500
1

1.1084

285

1160

P7
P8
P9

626450000.00 313408213

0.500
1

CP
313389348

F
0.500
1

A
B
J
I
G
E
B
C
J
K
C
D
F
H
K
L

1.167
1.164
1.106
1.108
1.126
1.153
1.164
1.159
1.106
1.100
1.159
1.156
1.141
1.114
1.100
1.097

1.1372

290

980

P1
P4
P7

0.00

161600.8567

0.500
1

1.1322

540

980

P2
P5
P8

626450000.00 313524580

0.500

1.1277

330

980

P3
P6
P9

626450000.00 313407349

0.500

DISEO DE PILOTES
Una columna de 30 x 60 , que lleva de refuerzo 8 3/4" transmite las cargas PD = 80 tn PL = 40 tn .
En una edificacion a la estratigrafia mostrada en la figura. Disear los elementos a considerar en la cimentacion
que permita transmitir la carga de la columna al estrato duro . Considere f ' c =210 kg/cm2 y fy = 4200kg/cm2.

S/C

kg/m2

300

Arena suelta

ht=

#REF!

Datos
24

Columna

cm

30

60

Cargas
tn

PD
80

PL
40

f ' c = 210
Fy = 4200

db

1.91

c =

Df =

hc= 0.00 m.

1500

1800
650
2400

Estracto Duro

1.- Clculo del peralte de la zapata:

Fy
F'c

Ld =

Ld = 0.004 x db x fy

Ld =

ld = 0 . 08 *db*

La longitud del Pilote es :

44

cm

hc = Ld + 15

hc =

Se toma hc =
32

cm

L = Df - ( b + t )+ 1

L=

660

cm

Usamos Pilotes de C A Prefabricado cuadrados de 40 x 40 . Calculamos su capacidad de carga.

Qu = Qf + Qp

Para suelos granulares

Qf1 = k x x tan xp x D x ( 15 x L - 112.5 x D )

Qf2 = k x cx tan xp x ( Z2^2 - Z1^2 )/2

k=
1
p = 1.6
12165 kg

D = 0.4
L = 5.6
Z1 = 5.6
Ap =0.09

5708.189 kg
F.S =

Qp = x L x( Nq - 1) x Ap

Qp =

49572 kg
Pu =

Qu =

67445.19 kg

Calculamos el N de Pilotes :

Qa = Qu/F.S

Qa = 22481.7 kg

Dimensiones de la Zapata

N = Pu/ Qa

N = 8.01

Entonces N1 = 9

Az =

3.60

3.60

Verificamos el numero de Pilotes a usar :

N = P'u /Qa =( Pu + Az x ( t x + c + S/C) )/Qa
N = 9.27

Entonces :

N < N1 No Cumple AUMENTAR SECCION !!

Aumentamos (Pilote o la seccion del Pilote a 0.45 x 0.45

0.45
0.45
Recalculamos la seccion :

Qu = Qf + Qp

Para suelos granulares

k=
1
p = 1.8
13176 kg

Qf1 = k x x tan xp x D x ( 15 x L - 112.5 x D )

Qf2 = k x cx tan xp x ( Z2^2 - Z1^2 )/2

D = 0.45
L = 5.6
Z1 = 5.6
Ap =0.11

6422 kg
F.S =

Qp = x L x( Nq - 1) x Ap

Qp =

59982 kg
Pu =

Qu =

79580 kg

Qa = Qu/F.S

Calculamos el N de Pilotes :
N = Pu/ Qa

Qa =

26527

kg

Dimensiones de la Zapata
N = 6.79

Az =

Entonces N1 = 9

4.1

4.1

Verificamos el numero de Pilotes a usar :

N = P'u /Qa =( Pu + Az x ( t x + c + S/C) )/Qa
N = 8.17

Entonces :

P' u = 216726 tn
Cumple ,OK !!

Calculamos la capacidad de carca del grupo de Pilotes :

Q = Ef

Qf +

Qp

Ef = (1 - tan ^ - 1 x ( D/d ) ) x( ( n^3 -1 ) x m^3 + (m^3 - 1 ) x n^3)/ (90 x m^3 x n^3) =

Qf =
Qp =

176382 kg
539838 kg

Qga = Qgu/F.S.

entonces

Qga = 238740

Qgu = 0.73 x Qf + Qp
Qgu = 716221
entonces :

Qga > P'u

Cumple !!

D = 80 tn PL = 40 tn .
a considerar en la cimentacion
10 kg/cm2 y fy = 4200kg/cm2.

Datos
kg/m3
kg/m2
kg/cm2
kg/cm2
kg/m2
cm

59

cm

60

cm

su capacidad de carga.
Tan =
Tan 1=
Z2 =
Nq =

0.324919696
0.476975533
6.6
55

180000 kg

Tan =
Tan 1=
Z2 =
Nq =

180000

0.324919696
0.476975533
6.6
55

Qga > P'u

0.73

Cumple !!