Está en la página 1de 6

60$57&,7,(6&+$5$&7(5,67,&6

,PSRUWDQFHRI%XLOW(QYLURQPHQW&RPSRQHQWV
Emile Mardacany, CEng, MIET, AMRIBA, FRGS
ISOTEC LTD, UK, emile@vestacom.com


WK
.H\ZRUGV components of future cities, smart cities ,QWKHHDUO\ FHQWXU\WKHROGW\SHRIXUEDQWH[WXUHZKHQ
characteristics, liveable cities, smart cities driving forces and UHVLGHQWLDO DUHDV ZRUNVKRSV IDFLOLWLHV UHVRXUFHV DQG VXSSO\
models evaluation, smart urban infrastructure and built DUHDV ZHUH FRORFDWHG ZDV IUDFWXUHG E\ WKH IRUFH RI
environment elements
XUEDQLVDWLRQ DQG HPHUJLQJ LQGXVWULHV DQG LQDELOLW\ RI XUEDQ
DUFKLWHFWXUH WR UHVSRQVH WR FLW\ SODQQLQJ QHHGV FKDQJH
EXLOGLQJ GHVLJQ DQG LQWHUODFH IUDFWXUHG UHVLGHQFH DQG
$EVWUDFW
LQGXVWULDOVHFWRUVGLVORFDWHGRQHQODUJHGXUEDQDUHDV
7KHGHILQLWLRQRIideal city, FRQFHLYHGDWWKHWXUQRIWKHWK
FHQWXU\ DQG ILQDOLVHG DW WKH WXUQ RI VW DV smart city, DQG 7KHKRXVLQJRIODERXUSRZHUDQGWUDQVSRUWDWLRQWRIDFWRULHV
EDVHG RQ VL[ NH\ VPDUW FRPSRQHQWV LQFOXGLQJ HFRQRP\ VKRSV DQG VHUYLFHV FRPELQHG ZLWK SRRU DFFRPPRGDWLRQ
JRYHUQDQFH SHRSOH VFLHQFH DQG WHFKQRORJ\ OLYLQJ DQG FRQGLWLRQV  SROOXWLRQ FDXVHG E\ LQGXVWULDO LQVWDOODWLRQV
HQYLURQPHQWLJQRUHVVXFKDIXQGDPHQWDOFRPSRQHQWDVEXLOW ORFDWHG LQ WKH YLFLQLW\ RU LQVLGH FLWLHV LQKHULWHG SRRU
HQYLURQPHQW ZKLFK FRQVWLWXWHV WKH SK\VLFDO SODWIRUP RI D LQIUDVWUXFWXUH DQG WUDQVSRUW EDVHG RQ OHJDF\ FLW\ SODQV
VPDUWFLW\,QGLFDWRUVXVHGIRUHYDOXDWLRQRIVPDUWFLW\PRGHOV FDXVHG VRFLDO FRQFHUQ LQ )UDQFH %ULWDLQ DQG 86$ DQG
PDLQO\ EDVHG RQ ,&7 SODWIRUP GR QRW LQFOXGH EXLOG SURMHFWHGWKHLGHDRIDQHZLGHDOFLW\
HQYLURQPHQW FKDUDFWHULVWLFV 3URSRVHG VHYHQ VPDUW
FRPSRQHQWV V\VWHP 6&&6  VWUXFWXUHG LQ WKLV SDSHU 7KH,GHDO&LWLHV8WRSLD
FRQVLGHUV the built environment DV D IRXQGDWLRQ RI WKH VPDUW ,W ZDV )UHQFK DUFKLWHFW &1 /HGRX[ ZKR EHOLHYHG WKDW
FLW\LQIUDVWUXFWXUH&ULWLFDOUHYLHZVRIWKHWKHRU\HPSKDVL]HD DUFKLWHFWXUHPD\LPSURYHVRFLHW\DQGZKRILUVWGHVLJQHGThe
OHDGLQJUROHRIWKH,&7LQWKHGHYHORSPHQWRIVPDUWFLWLHVDQG Ideal City of Chaux IRU UR\DO VDOWZRUNV LQ   WKH ILUVW
DW SUHVHQW WKH WKHRU\ LV ZLQQLQJ D JURZLQJ VXSSRUW IURP XWRSLDQ LQGXVWULDO FLW\ WKH FLW\ IRU ZRUNHUV DQG WKH RQO\
PDQ\ H[SHUWV DQG ,&7 RUJDQLVDWLRQV DQG FRPSDQLHV XWRSLDQ FLW\ GHVLJQHG IRU WKH DFWXDO VLWH ,Q VSLWH RI DWWHPSWV
+RZHYHU WKH ,&7OHG PRGHO WRJHWKHU ZLWK EXVLQHVVOHG RI XUEDQ UHVHDUFKHUV DQG GHYHORSHUV WR SRVWXODWH WKH LGHD RI
PRGHOV PD\ SURGXFH QHJDWLYH HIIHFWV RQ LQWHUIDFH G\QDPLFV PRGHUQ FLW\ SLRQHHUHG E\ 0XVpH VRFLDO 6RFLDO 0XVHXP
RIVPDUWFLWHVFRPSRQHQWVV\VWHP5HYLHZRIHOHPHQWVRIWKH HVWDEOLVKHG   DQG /D 6RFLpWp )UDQoDLVH GHV 8UEDQLVWHV
FRQWHPSRUDU\ EXLOW LQIUDVWUXFWXUH SURSRVHV D VWUDWHJ\ RI 6RFLHW\ RI )UHQFK 8UEDQLVWV HVWDEOLVKHG   DQG ILYH
EDODQFHG GHYHORSPHQW RI H[LVWLQJ DQG HPHUJLQJ VWUXFWXUHV KRXVLQJ FRPSOH[HV EXLOW EHWZHHQ  DQG  E\
DQGEXLOGLQJ WKRVH W\SHV RIVPDUW FLWLHV WKDW DUH UHTXLUHG IRU )RXQGDWLRQ 5RWKVFKLOG :RUNHUV
 5HVLGHQFH )UDQFH  WKH
VXVWDLQDEOHXUEDQGHYHORSPHQWRIIXWXUHFLWLHV
VRFLDO KRXVLQJ WHPSODWH ZDV QRW HODERUDWHG XQWLO WKH SRVW
::,,HUDRIZHOIDUHVWDWHV

 (PHUJHQFHRID6PDUW&LW\&RQFHSW
5DSLG GHYHORSPHQW RI VFLHQFH DQG WHFKQRORJ\ LQ WKH WK
FHQWXU\ OHG WR JUDGXDO GLYLVLRQRI WKH EXLOW HQYLURQPHQW LQWR
WZR DUHDV XUEDQ %( DQG HYROYHG LQGXVWULDO %( VRPHWLPHV
FRH[LVWLQJLQWKHVDPHDUHDDQGPHUJLQJRQHLQWRDQRWKHURU
VSDWLDOO\ VHSDUDWHG LQWR LQWHUFRQQHFWHG EXW LQGHSHQGHQW
LQIUDVWUXFWXUHV 7KLV SDSHU FRYHUV WKH XUEDQ EXLOW
HQYLURQPHQW ZKLFK ZDV WU\LQJ WR DGMXVW WR VRFLDO DQG
WHFKQRORJ\ FKDQJHV DQG ZKLFK JDYH ELUWK WR D QHZ W\SH RI
XWRSLD WKH XUEDQ XWRSLD FDXVHG E\ IRXU IDFWRUV
LQGXVWULDOLVDWLRQZKLFKFDXVHGFUHDWLRQRISUROHWDULDW ODERXU
SRZHUFODVV XUEDQLVDWLRQDQGORFRPRWLYHWUDQVSRUWDWLRQ

$UFKLWHFWV DOVR IDLOHG WR UHVROYH WKHVH SUREOHPV WKURXJK


DUFKLWHFWXUDO XWRSLD RIIHULQJ QHZ SODQQLQJ DQG EXLOGLQJ
GHVLJQ LQ SURMHFWV RI Linear City RI $UWXUR 6RULD \ 0DWD
 Industrial CityRI7RQ\*DUQLHU  Garden
City RI (EHQH]HU +RZDUG   The Contemporary City
  DQG Radiant City  RI &RUEXVLHU DQGSotzgorod
6RFLDOLVW&LW\8665 RI1$0LOLXWLQQRQHRIZKLFK
FOHDUO\ IRUPXODWHG WKH FRQFHSW RI LGHDO VPDUW  FLW\ RU ZDV
UHDOLVHGLQIXOO
)RUPDWLRQRIWKH1HZ6PDUW&LWLHV&RQFHSW

7KHQHZGHILQLWLRQRIideal city was FRQFHLYHGLQSRVW::,,


QHZ FLW\ SURMHFWV ZKLFK HQFRPSDVVHG WKH ZKROH LGHD RI
,GHDO&LWLHV5HDVRQLQJ
LQGXVWULDOLVHG FLW\ DV a factory to work ZLWK EXLOGLQJ DV
7KRPDV0RUHLQKLV8WRSLDFRQWHPSODWHGWKHFRQFHSW machines to live IHDWXULQJ VXFK HSLWKHWV DV IXWXUH VPDUW
RIDQLGHDOFLW\DQGSURYLGHGEULHIGHVFULSWLRQVRISODQVURDGV GLJLWDOLQWHOOLJHQWDGYDQFHGJUHHQOLYHDEOHDQGVRRQ
DQGEXLOGLQJVZLWKRXWKRZHYHUUHDVRQLQJWKHLUIHDWXUHVDQG $W WKH WXUQ RI VW FHQWXU\ WKH LGHD ZDV FRQFHSWXDOLVHG DV
TXDOLW\
WHFKQRVRFLDO DQG XUEDQ SKHQRPHQRQ ZKLFK FRXOG EH



PHWKRGV DYDLODEOH LQ VWDWLVWLFDO DQDO\VLV ZKLFK SURYLGH


TXDQWLWDWLYHDQDO\VLVWRROV

FDWHJRULVHG LQ WKH VHYHQ NH\ FRPSRQHQWV LQFOXGLQJ VPDUW


HFRQRP\JRYHUQDQFHSHRSOHVFLHQFHDQGWHFKQRORJ\OLYLQJ
DQG HQYLURQPHQW VWUXFWXUHG RYHU WKH IXQGDPHQWDO EXLOW
HQYLURQPHQW FRPSRQHQW ZKLFK FRQVWLWXWHV WKH SK\VLFDO
SODWIRUPRIDVPDUWFLW\

7KH PDLQ HYDOXDWLRQ GLIILFXOWLHV FRQFHUQ WKH KXPDQ DQG


UHODWHGWRKXPDQVVRFLDOIDFWRUVDQGDFWLYLWLHVZKLFKUHTXLUH
VSHFLDO PDWKHPDWLFDO WRROV 7KH\ FDQ EH GHYHORSHG ZLWKLQ
PDWKHPDWLFDOELRORJ\DQGWKHVRFLDOVWDWLVWLFVGLVFLSOLQHV$V
HDUO\ DV LQ WKH V 1LFRODV 5DVKHYVN\ ZRUNHG RXW WKH
PDWKHPDWLFDO DQDO\VLV RI LQWHUDFWLRQV RI LQGLYLGXDOV LQ WKH
VRFLHW\ DQG VSDWLDOO\ LVRODWHG VRFLDO JURXSV ZKLFK PD\ EH
XVHG IRU WKH HYDOXDWLRQ RI VRFLDO IDFWRUV RI LQGLYLGXDOV DQG
FRPPXQLWLHVRIVPDUWFLWHV>@

7KH FXUUHQW YDULRXV FRQFHSW PRGHOV RI D VPDUW FLW\ DUH


GRPLQDWHG E\ WKH EXVLQHVVOHG PRGHO VXSSRUWHG E\ ILQDQFLDO
LQVWLWXWLRQV VWULYLQJ IRU UHWXUQ RQ LQYHVWPHQW LQWR EXLOW
HQYLURQPHQW DQG WKH ,&7OHG PRGHO VXSSRUWHG E\ ,&7
LQGXVWU\ OHDGHUV VXFK DV ,%0 ZKLFK ODXQFKHG D EXVLQHVV
VWUDWHJ\ A Smarter Planet IROORZHG E\ &LVFR
V FRPPHUFLDO
SURJUDPPHSmart Cities and Communities, DQGRWKHUVVHOOLQJ
7KH PDWKHPDWLFDO LQGLFDWRU VHW RI WKH RYHUDOO WDQJLEOH FLW\
DGUHDPWKDWWKH,&7LVFDSDEOHRIUHVROYLQJDOOSUREOHPVRID
DFWLYLWLHV ZDV GHYHORSHG E\ WKH PDWKHPDWLFLDQ -RKQ $
PRGHUQFLW\LQVWDOODEURDGEDQGILEUHRSWLFVRFNHWLQWKHFDYH
$GDPVZKRZLWKDYHUDJHGPDWKHPDWLFDOSUHFLVLRQGHVFULEHV
DQGLWZLOOEHFRQYHUWHGLQWRDPRGHUQKRXVH
XUEDQ DFWLYLWLHV RI LQGLYLGXDOV DV VKRZQ LQ D VDPSOH
(TXLWDWLRQ   FDOFXODWLRQ RI H[DFW QXPEHU RI FHUWDLQ FLW\
 6PDUW&LW\&RPSRQHQWV
IDFLOLWLHVUHTXLUHGSHUFHUWDLQQXPEHURIFLW\SRSXODWLRQ>@
   

6HYHQ6PDUW&LW\&RPSRQHQW6\VWHP 6&&6 










  

3URSRVHG DV D URDGPDS VWUXFWXUH RI WKH 6HYHQ 6PDUW &LW\ ZKHUH
N QXPEHURIIDFLOLWLHV
&RPSRQHQW 6\VWHP 6&&6  GHSHQGV RQ FXUUHQW JOREDO
Np FLW\SRSXODWLRQ PLOOLRQV 
WUHQGVRIWKHGHYHORSPHQWRI PHJDFLWLHVDQGPD\FKDQJHLQ
R UDWHSHUSHUVRQXVHYLVLW \HDUZHHN 
 ZKHQ P RI ZRUOG SRSXODWLRQ ZLOO EH OLYLQJ LQ
D GD\VSHU\HDU
PHJDFLWLHV ZLWK SRSXODWLRQ RI P RU PRUH>@ 7KH 6&&6
C FXVWRPHUVSHUKRXU
FRQVLGHUV D EXLOW HQYLURQPHQW DV D IRXQGDWLRQ RI WKH VPDUW
H KRXUVGD\VRUFDWHUV
FLW\ LQIUDVWUXFWXUH DQG DV DQ XUEDQ PDWUL[ IRU LQWHJUDWLRQ RI
DOORWKHUVPDUWFLW\FRPSRQHQWVDFWLQJDVV\QHUJ\FDWDO\VWIRU 7KHXQFHUWDLQW\LQFLW\HYDOXDWLRQLQGLFDWRUVXUJHGWKH,62WR
PHUJLQJVRFLDOXUEDQWHFKQRORJ\DQGXWLOLWLHVLQIUDVWUXFWXUHV HVWDEOLVK,627&:RUNLQJJURXS:*IRUGHYHORSPHQW
RIUrban IndicatorsDLPHGWRKDUPRQL]DWLRQRIWHUPLQRORJ\
&LWLHV8UEDQ,QGLFDWRUV
LQGLFDWRUVDQGPHWKRGV>@
&RPPRQO\ XVHG FLW\ LQGLFDWRUV EDVHG RQ KROLVWLF
SV\FKRDQDO\WLF DSSURDFK DV VKRZQ LQ The City Brand
Hexagon RI 6LPRQ $QKROW>@ ZKLFK LQFOXGHV VL[ LQGLFDWRUV
VXFK DV WKH SUHVHQFH SRWHQWLDO SHRSOH SUHUHTXLVLWHV SXOVH
DQG SODFH DUH QRW VXLWDEOH IRU WKH HYDOXDWLRQ RI VPDUW FLWLHV
FRPSRQHQWV(YDOXDWLRQRIFLWLHVZLWKEXVLQHVVHFRQRPLFDQG
ILQDQFLDO LQGLFDWRUV E\ JOREDOLVHG LQVWLWXWLRQV LV OLPLWHG DQG
XVXDOO\ GULYHQ E\ VKRUWWHUP SURILWV ZKLFK FRQWUDGLFW WKH
PDMRU LQGLFDWRU RI VPDUW FLWLHV  sustainable long-term
prosperity 7KH ZHOOHODERUDWHG UHVHDUFK E\ 9LUJLQLD :
0DFODUHQ>@ RQ XUEDQ VXVWDLQDELOLW\ LQGLFDWRUV FRYHUV
HFRQRP\HQYLURQPHQWFRPPXQLW\KHDOWKDQGVHFXULW\EXW
LQFOXGHVRQO\DWUDQVSRUWHOHPHQWRI%(V\VWHP

6PDUW&LWLHV0DMRU&KDUDFWHULVWLFV
7KH6&&6
VPDUWFLWLHVFKDUDFWHULVWLFYDOXHVGHSHQGRQ%XLOW
(QYLURQPHQW FRPSRQHQWV DQG LWV LQGLFDWRUV ZKLFK ZLOO
UHTXLUH WKH GHYHORSPHQW RI EXLOGLQJ FDWHJRULHV V\VWHP
EHFDXVH WKH H[LVWLQJ %XLOGLQJ 8VH &ODVVHV 8.  LV QRW
VXLWDEOH IRU WKH %( FRPSRQHQWV LQGLFDWRUV FRUUHODWLRQ 7KH
SURSRVHGLQGH[DWLRQRIVPDUWFLW\HOHPHQWVZKLFKLVKHDYLO\
GHSHQGHQW RQ EXLOW HQYLURQPHQW VWUXFWXUHV LV VXPPDULVHG LQ
7DEOH

0RUH VWUXFWXUDO HYDOXDWLRQ ZDV SURYLGHG E\ Centre of


Regional Science 9LHQQD 87 XVLQJ VL[ TXDOLWDWLYH VPDUW
LQGLFDWRUV HFRQRP\ FRPSHWLWLYHQHVV  JRYHUQDQFH
SDUWLFLSDWLRQ  HQYLURQPHQW QDWXUDO UHVRXUFHV  SHRSOH
VRFLDODQGKXPDQFDSLWDO PRELOLW\ WUDQVSRUWDQG,&7 DQG
OLYLQJ TXDOLW\RIOLIH >@
9DULDWLRQVLQLQGLFDWRUVHWVXVHGWRHYDOXDWHVPDUWFLWLHVVKRZ
WKH XQFHUWDLQW\ RI EHQFKPDUNLQJ PHWKRGRORJ\ ZKLFK LV VWLOO
EDVHG SXUHO\ RQ TXDOLWDWLYH DVVHVVPHQW RI VPDUW FLWLHV
FRPSRQHQWV 7KLV PHWKRGRORJ\ DOVR GRHV QRW GLIIHUHQWLDWH
EHWZHHQVPDUWFLWLHVWDQJLEOHDQGQRQWDQJLEOHDVVHUWVZKLFK
UHTXLUHV GLIIHUHQW PHWULFV DQG FDOFXODWLRQ LJQRULQJ ERWK

&RPSRQHQWV
6PDUW3ROLWLFV
 6RXQG3ROLWLFDO6WUDWHJLHV 3HUVSHFWLYHV

%(

 7UDQVSDUHQW*RYHUQDQFH
 3DUWLFLSDWLRQLQ'HFLVLRQ0DNLQJ
 3XEOLFDQG6RFLDO6HUYLFHV
6PDUW*RYHUQDQFH
 ,QQRYDWLYH6SLULW
 (QWUHSUHQHXUVKLS
 %DODQFHG%&DQG%%6HUYLFHV





 6XVWDLQDEOH%DQNLQJ
 +LJK3URGXFWLYLW\









&RPSRQHQWV
 9DOXH0DQXIDFWXULQJ

%(


 6FL7HF5HVHDUFK 'HYHORSPHQW
 ,QWHUQDWLRQDO0DUNHW&RQQHFWLYLW\
 )OH[LELOLW\RI/DERXU0DUNHW





 $ELOLW\WR7UDQVIRUP
6PDUW3HRSOH
 +LJK4XDOLILFDWLRQ/HYHO&3'
 $IILQLW\WR/LIH/RQJ/HDUQLQJ
 ,QWHOOLJHQW/DERXU)RUFH
 6RFLDODQG(WKQLF'LYHUVLW\
 (QWUHSUHQHXULDO)OH[LELOLW\
 &UHDWLYLW\,QQRYDWLRQ
 ,QGXVWULRXV3HRSOH,QYHQWRUV
 2SHQPLQGHGQHVV
 $FWLYHLQ3XEOLF/LIH
6PDUW6FLHQFHDQG7HFKQRORJ\
 6XVWDLQDEOHDQG6DIH7UDQVSRUW6\VWHPV
 ,QWHU1DWLRQDO&RQQHFWLYLW\
,QIUDVWUXFWXUH
 &XWWLQJ(GJH6FLHQFH 6WDWHRI$UW
7HFKQRORJ\
 $GYDQFHG*OREDO,&7,QIUDVWUXFWXUH
 6XVWDLQDEOH5HVRXUFHV0DQDJHPHQW
 6XVWDLQDEOH*UHHQ(QHUJ\5HVRXUFHV
6PDUW(QYLURQPHQW
 &RQJHQLDO1DWXUH
 (QYLURQPHQWDO3URWHFWLRQ
 /RZ3ROOXWLRQ
 6XVWDLQDEOH1DWXUH0DQDJHPHQW
6PDUW/LYLQJ
 4XDOLW\+RXVLQJ
 +HDOWK&RQGLWLRQV
 3HUVRQDO6DIHW\
 (GXFDWLRQDO,QVWLWXWLRQV
 &XOWXUDO)DFLOLWLHV
 6RFLDO&RKHVLRQ
6PDUW%XLOW(QYLURQPHQW
 8UEDQ,QIUDVWUXFWXUH
 8UEDQ3ODQQLQJ
 $GYDQFH%XLOGLQJ7HFKQRORJ\
 +L7HF&RQVWUXFWLRQ7HFKQRORJ\
 1HZ6XVWDLQDEOH0DWHULDOV
 0DLQWHQDQFHDQG6HUYLFHV
 %,0DQG6HUYLFHV

7DEOH6PDUWFLW\LQGLFHVFRUUHODWLRQZLWK%(FRPSRQHQWV

127(6HH(OHPHQWVPDUNHGLQ7DEOH

3URSRVHGE\*UHHQ&RQVWUXFWLRQERDUGWKH/LIHF\FOHRIUHDO
HVWDWHVFKHPHPD\EHDYLWDOLQGLFDWRUIRUVXVWDLQDEOHEXLOGLQJ
SURSHUWLHV DW DOO EXLOGLQJ DJHV IURP SUHFRQVWUXFWLRQ
WKURXJK WR XVH PDLQWHQDQFH UHGHYHORSPHQW DQG
GHPROLWLRQ>@

 6PDUW&LW\'ULYLQJ)RUFHV




7KH ,&7OHG PRGHO WRJHWKHU ZLWK EXVLQHVVOHG PRGHOV PD\


SURGXFHQHJDWLYHHIIHFWVRQLQWHUIDFHG\QDPLFVRIVPDUWFLWHV
FRPSRQHQWV D ,&7OHG PRGHO FDQ SULRULWLVH WKH GLJLWDO FLW\
DYHQXHRIXUEDQGHYHORSPHQWDQGDEXVLQHVVOHGPRGHOZLWK
LWV JOREDOLVHGFDSLWDO PRELOLW\ FDQ XQGHUPLQH WKH ZKROH LGHD
RIVPDUWFLW\VORFDOLVHGHFRQRP\
7KH DQDO\VLV RI FLWLHV HYDOXDWLRQ E\ EXVLQHVV DQG ILQDQFLDO
LQVWLWXWLRQV EHQFKPDUNHG RQ D JOREDO UDWH RI WKH SURILW DQG
PDQGDWRU\ HFRQRPLF JURZWK UHOLHV RQ WKH GULYLQJ IRUFH RI
XUEDQLVDWLRQ ZKLFK FRQFHQWUDWHV FRQVXPHU PDVVHV LQ WKH
V\VWHPRISRLQWVRIVDOHVLQPHJDFLWLHVWKLVSURYLGHVWKHEHVW
LQYHVWPHQWUHWXUQIURPXUEDQFRQVXPHUFXOWXUHDQGFUHGLWV>@










,QWHUQDWLRQDOFDSLWDOIORZVDQGOLTXLGLW\DQGLQDGHTXDF\DQG
LQVWDELOLW\ RI YDULRXV LQYHVWPHQW DUHDV FRPSHO EDQNV DQG
LQYHVWRUV WR DYRLG IL[LQJ FDSLWDO ORFDOO\ DQG SUHIHU LWV
PRELOLW\WKLVPHDQVWKDWWKHVPDUWFLW\HFRQRPLFFRPSRQHQW
EHFRPHV XQVXVWDLQDEOH XQGHUPLQLQJ WKH ZKROH VXVWDLQDEOH
GHYHORSPHQWRIDVPDUWFLW\






2QH RI WKH EXVLQHVVOHG IDLOXUH H[DPSOHV LV WKH ZRUOGV


ELJJHVWVKRSSLQJPDOOLQ'RQJJXDQ&KLQDZKLFKKDV
VWRUHVDQGLQGRRUWKHPHSDUNDQGVWD\VHPSW\ZLWK
RILWVVWRUHVYDFDQWLWLVWKHZRUOG
VODUJHVWRIILFHEXLOGLQJRI
 PLOOLRQ VTXDUH IHHW DQG FRVWV ELOOLRQ 'RQJJXDQV
SRSXODWLRQRIPRUHWKDQPFRQVLVWVRIORZLQFRPHIDFWRU\
ZRUNHUV ZKR FDQ
W DIIRUG D OX[XU\ RI VKRSSLQJ LQ WKH
XSPDUNHWVKRSSLQJPDOO







&ULWLFDOUHYLHZRIWKHWKHRU\WKDWHPSKDVL]HVDOHDGLQJUROHRI
WKH ,&7 LQ WKH GHYHORSPHQW RI VPDUW FLWLHV DQG LV ZLQQLQJ D
JURZLQJ VXSSRUW IURP PDQ\ H[SHUWV DQG ,&7 RUJDQLVDWLRQV
DQG FRPSDQLHV VKRZV WKDW ,&7 LV MXVW D WRRO HOHPHQW RI WKH
PRELOLW\ FRPSRQHQW SURYLGLQJ FRQQHFWLYLW\ DQG QHWZRUNLQJ
DFURVVFRPPXQLWLHVDQGLQGXVWULHV>@
7KHFRQFHSWRIDELOOLRQEXVLQHVVGLVWULFWRI6RQJGR&LW\
6RXWK.RUHDVWDUWHGFRPSOHWLRQE\ GHVLJQHGE\
WKH 1HZ <RUN ILUP .RKQ 3HGHUVHQ )R[ ZLWK LWV 
UHVLGHQWVDQGFRPPXWHUVOLYLQJRQVTNPLVEDVHG
RQ D FRQWURYHUVLDO ,&7/HG 0RGHO E\ ,%0 ,W XWLOLVHV
TelePresensWHFKQRORJ\E\&LVFRZKLFKSURYLGHVHYHU\KRPH
ZLWK LQVWDQW FRQQHFWLYLW\ WR VHUYLFHV DQGXWLOLWLHV DQG YLUWXDO
JOREDO SUHVHQFH 7KH FRQFHSW IDLOHG DW LWV LQLWLDO VWDJH WR
GHYHORS WKH XUEDQ VRFLDO DQG FRPPXQLFDWLRQ VXVWDLQDELOLW\
UHO\LQJ RQO\ RQ KLJK WHFKQRORJ\ LQIUDVWUXFWXUH DQG DOVR WR
RYHUFRPH SUREOHPV RI FLW\ RI 0DVGDU 8$( RYHU]RQHG
GHVLJQE\1RUPDQ)RVWHU















LQVXIILFLHQW IRU FRPSUHKHQVLYH DQDO\VLV RI XUEDQ REMHFW RU


EXLOGLQJZLWKLQ%(PDWUL[
7KH QHZ VXVWDLQDELOLW\ PHWULFV VKRXOG SURYLGH UHOLDEOH DQG
VWUXFWXUHG GDWD RQ DOO %( FRPSRQHQWV ZLWK YDULDEOHV ZKLFK
DUHXSGDWHGRQUHJXODUEDVLVDQGZKLFKFRQYHUJHDQGIHHGWKH
GDWDRIWKHDFWXDOSURMHFW
$Q\ VPDUW FLW\ FRQFHSW VKDOO EH EDVHG RQ WKH EXLOW
HQYLURQPHQW PDWUL[ RYHUOD\LQJ WKH QDWXUDO HQYLURQPHQW
PDWUL[ DQG ERWK PDWULFHV KRZHYHU EHLQJ FRQFHSWXDO DQG
FRQVLGHUHG DV PRGHOV VKDOO WDNH LQWR DFFRXQW WKH DFWXDO
SK\VLFDO UHDOLWLHV RI 1( DQG %( $QDO\VLV RI WKH IDLOXUH RI
QHZ FLWLHV EXLOW LQ WK FHQWXU\ SURYHV WKDW GHYHORSHUV DQG
DUFKLWHFWV LJQRUHG WKHVH UXOHV 7KXV LI QRZDGD\V LW LV
LPSRVVLEOH WR PDNH QHZ FLWHV JURZ WKH\ PXVW EH EXLOW RQ
ZHOOGHILQHG%(PDWUL[KDUPRQLVHGZLWK1(PDWUL[

 6PDUW&LW\%XLOW(QYLURQPHQW0DWUL[
,W LV LPSRVVLEOH WR GHYHORS D VPDUW FLW\ FRQFHSW ZLWKRXW D
FOHDU GHILQLWLRQ RI WKH %( PDWUL[ 7KH FRQFHSW GHYHORSPHQW
GHSHQGV RQ HDFK SDUWLFXODU FLW\
V LQGLYLGXDO IHDWXUHV DQG FDQ
EHVXSSRUWHGE\%LJ'DWDZKLFKZLOOSURYLGHHDFKLQGLYLGXDO
SURMHFW ZLWK VWUXFWXUHG GDWD RQ SURMHFW VSHFLILF QDWXUDO DQG
EXLOWHQYLURQPHQWH[LVWLQJXUEDQDQGEXLOGLQJLQIUDVWUXFWXUH
SURFXUHPHQWDQGFRQVWUXFWLRQUHVRXUFHVDQGFRGHVVWDQGDUGV
DQGUHJXODWLRQV
7KH 6PDUW FLW\ FRQFHSW PRGHO RXWOLQHG LQ D GUDIW 3$6
 SUHSDUHG E\ %6L LV WKH DWWHPSW WR FUHDWH WKH GDWD
GULYHQ FLW\ WHPSODWH FDSDEOH RI LQWHJUDWLQJ FLW\ V\VWHPV
UHVHUYLQJ IRU HDFK V\VWHP WKH RSHUDWLRQDO LQGHSHQGHQF\ DQG
SURYLGLQJWKHRSHUDWLRQDOHIILFLHQF\,QWKLVVPDUWFLW\PRGHO
6&&0  WKH EXLOW HQYLURQPHQW DVVHW LWHPV LH %( PDWUL[
WH[WXUH GDWD DUH PL[HG ZLWK KXPDQ VRFLDO DQG EXVLQHVV
LWHPV
7KH RQO\ VHFWLRQ LQ WKLV 3$6 RQ EXLOGLQJV SURYLGHV D
VLPSOLVWLFGHILQLWLRQRIWKHVWUXFWXUDODSSURDFKWRWDQJLEOHDQG
LQWDQJLEOH FRPSOH[LW\ RI EXLOGLQJV ZLWKLQ WKH EXLOW
HQYLURQPHQWLQIUDVWUXFWXUHDVIROORZLQJ

 6PDUW&LW\%XLOW(QYLURQPHQW&RPSRQHQWV
7KH PRGHUQ EXLOW LQIUDVWUXFWXUHV DUH YHUVDWLOH GHSHQGLQJ RI
UHJLRQ RU FRXQWU\ GLYHUVLILHG E\ QDWLRQDO DQG ORFDO
UHJXODWLRQV QRUPDOLVHG XVLQJ LQGXVWU\ FRGHV DQG QDWLRQDO RU
LQWHUQDWLRQDOVWDQGDUGVDQGLWVSK\VLFDOFRPSRQHQWVPD\YDU\
LQ FRQWHQW VWUXFWXUHV DQG PDWHULDOLVDWLRQ LQ YDULRXV ZRUOG
FLWLHV

%XLOGLQJ'HILQLWLRQ$PDQPDGH2%-(&7ZLWK
URRIDQGZDOOVZLWKDIL[HG3/$&(LQWHQGHGIRU
VKHOWHULQJ3(5621VRURWKHU2%-(&7V>@

7KHSURSRVHG%(FRPSRQHQWVVWUXFWXUHLVEDVHGRQDVWUDWHJ\
RI EDODQFHG GHYHORSPHQW RI H[LVWLQJ DQG HPHUJLQJSODQQHG
%( VWUXFWXUHV DQG EXLOGLQJ W\SHV WKDW DUH UHTXLUHG IRU
VXVWDLQDEOH XUEDQ GHYHORSPHQW RI IXWXUH FLW\ LQIUDVWUXFWXUH
VSHFLILHGLQ7DEOH

NATURAL BE

URBAN BUILT ENVIRONMENT


ROADS

%XLOW(QYLURQPHQW&RPSRQHQWV
6PDUW8UEDQ,QIUDVWUXFWXUH
 6XVWDLQDEOH/DQG8VH
 8UEDQ(QYLURQPHQW3ODQQLQJ

Building
PLACE

 6RFLDO 3ULYDWH+RXVLQJ
 ,QWHJUDWHG3XEOLF)DFLOLWLHV6HUYLFHV
 3XEOLF+HDOWK6HUYLFHV
 3ROOXWLRQDQG:DVWH&RQWURO
6PDUW7UDQVSRUW1HWZRUN
 *OREDO$LUZD\+XE
 ,QWHUFLW\5DLOZD\1HWZRUN

subconceptof

Object
CANAL
INDUSTRIALBE

)LJ  ,QWHUIDFH FRPSOH[LW\ RI %XLOGLQJ2EMHFW HOHPHQW
ZLWKLQ %XLOW 8UEDQ DQG ,QGXVWULDO (QYLURQPHQW DQG 1DWXUDO
(QYLURQPHQW
$V)LJVKRZVWKHVLQJOH%XLOGLQJUHODWHGWRVXE
FRQFHSWRI2EMHFWDVLWZDVSUHVHQWHGLQ3$6DQG
RXWOLQHGZLWKGDVKHGOLQHLQUHDOHQYLURQPHQWLVUHODWHGWR
DQGLQWHUDFWVZLWKPDQ\RWKHUREMHFWVZLWKQXPHURXVVXE
FRQFHSWV
7KH ZLGHO\ XVHG VXVWDLQDELOLW\ PHWULFV IUDPHZRUN XVXDOO\
HPSOR\V WKH HQHUJ\ ZDWHU ZDVWH FDUERQ PHWULFV ZKLFK LV



%(







 ,QWHOOLJHQW5RDG 0RWRUZD\6\VWHPV
 ,QWHJUDWHG3XEOLF7UDQVSRUW6\VWHP
 3URWHFWHG3HGHVWULDQ &\FOLVW3DWKV
6PDUW2IILFH)DFLOLWLHV
 3XUSRVH%XLOW2IILFHV
 6WDWHRI$UW2IILFH7HFKQRORJ\
 $GYDQFHG%XLOGLQJ0DQDJHPHQW

 ,QWHJUDWHG%,0
 &RQWUROOHG(QHUJ\&RQVXPSWLRQ
 0LQLPXP(PLVVLRQVDQG:DVWH
6PDUW+RXVLQJ7HFKQRORJ\







%XLOW(QYLURQPHQW&RPSRQHQWV
 6XVWDLQDEOH6DIH+RXVH'HVLJQ

%(


 6PDUW+RXVH7HFKQRORJ\
 5HGXFHG(QYLURQPHQWDO,PSDFW
 0LQLPXP(QHUJ\&RQVXPSWLRQ





 =HUR(PLVVLRQV*RDO
6PDUW&XOWXUH 5HFUHDWLRQDO)DFLOLWLHV
 'LYHUVLILHG&XOWXUDO,QVWLWXWLRQV
 ,QWHOOHFWXDO)RUXPVDQG&OXEV
 3URWHFWLRQRI&XOWXUDO+HULWDJH
 /RFDO*OREDO&XOWXUH1HWZRUN
 3XEOLF6SRUW)DFLOLWLHV
 <RXWKDQG$GXOW/HLVXUH6LWHV%XLOGLQJV
6PDUW&RQVWUXFWLRQ7HFKQRORJ\
 +L7HF&RQVWUXFWLRQ7HFKQRORJ\
 ,QWHOOLJHQW%XLOGLQJ
 1HZ6XVWDLQDEOH0DWHULDOV
 +LJK:RUNPDQVKLS
 0LQLPXP(QYLURQPHQWDO,PSDFW

WKH\ DVVHPEOH GDWD DQDO\VH PHWKRGV DQG VHOHFW EHVW


DUFKLWHFWXUDO SUDFWLFHV DQG EXLOGLQJ LQGXVWU\ H[SHULHQFHV DQG
IRUPDOLVHWKHPLQVPDUWFLW\VWDQGDUGV
7KH,62DQG%6LKDYHDOUHDG\VWDUWHGDSURFHVVRIGHYHORSLQJ
DQG LQWURGXFLQJ D QHZ VPDUW FLW\ EXLOGLQJ LQIRUPDWLRQ
PDQDJHPHQWV\VWHPFRQVWUXFWLRQQRUPVDQGUXOHV

7KH LQWURGXFWLRQ RI %,0 DQG 3$6  VHULHV ZLOO KHOS
FRQVWUXFWLRQLQGXVWU\WRUHGXFHXSWRRIFRQVWUXFWLRQ
FRVW FDXVHG E\ LQDFFXUDWH LQFRPSOHWH DQG DPELJXRXV
LQIRUPDWLRQ RQ DUFKLWHFWXUDO GDWD VXSSO\ UHVRXUFHV DQG
PDWHULDOVDVZHOODVEXLOGLQJPDLQWHQDQFH







6XPPDULVLQJ WKH LQGXVWU\ WUHQGV WRZDUGV EXLOGLQJ VPDUWHU


FLWLHV ,62 GHYHORSHG WKH URDG PDS DQG VWDUWHG WKH
GHYHORSPHQWRIVWDQGDUGVWKDWZLOOPDNHRXUFLWLHVVPDUWHU

,626WDQGDUGV'HYHORSPHQW
%(
6RFLDO6WDQGDUGV
 6XVWDLQDEOH'HYHORSPHQWLQ

&RPPXQLWLHV

 6RFLHWDO6HFXULW\









 6XVWDLQDEOH(YHQW0DQDJHPHQW
8UEDQ6WDQGDUGV
 8UEDQUHVLOLHQFH

 0LQLPXP:DVWH(PLVVLRQV

7DEOH%XLOW(QYLURQPHQW&RPSRQHQWVDQG(OHPHQWV

127( 0DUNHG HOHPHQWV FRUUHVSRQG WR HOHPHQWV LQ

7DEOH

 6HUYLFHOLIHSODQQLQJ
(QHUJ\6WDQGDUGV
 (QHUJ\VDYLQJHPSOR\LQJHQHUJ\
PDQDJHPHQWV\VWHPV
 (QHUJ\VDYLQJRIVLQJOHIDPLO\DQGVPDOO
FRPPHUFLDO
%XLOGLQJ6WDQGDUGV
 ,QWHOOLJHQWDQGVXVWDLQDEOHEXLOGLQJ

%XLOW HQYLURQPHQW DQG DVVRFLDWHG LQIUDVWUXFWXUH GHYHORSPHQW


RI VPDUW FLWLHV PD\ EH DFKLHYHG LI SODQQLQJ DXWKRULWLHV
GHYHORSHUVXUEDQDQGEXLOGLQJDUFKLWHFWVZLOOZRUNLQXQLVRQ
DQG WKHLU MRLQW DFWLYLWLHV ZLOO EH EDVHG RQ LQWHJUDWHG
HFRQRPLFV XUEDQ SODQQLQJ DUFKLWHFWXUDO GHVLJQ DQG
VXVWDLQDEOHFRQVWUXFWLRQ
6PDUW VWUXFWXUHV DQG EXLOGLQJV GHVLJQHG DQG EXLOW WR HQVXUH
KHDOWK ZHOOEHLQJ FRPIRUW DQG SURGXFWLYLW\ RI XVHUV VDIH
RSHUDWLRQ ORZ HQHUJ\ FRQVXPSWLRQ &2 HPLVVLRQ DQG
HQYLURQPHQWDOLPSDFWPD\EHVXVWDLQDEOHLIDOOVWDNHKROGHUV
SROLF\PDNHUVILQDQFLHUVDUFKLWHFWVDQGEXLOGHUVLQYROYHGLQ
EXLOGLQJ IXWXUH FLWLHV ZLOO IROORZ HWKLFDO DQG VXVWDLQDELOLW\
FRGHV

Finance

Plan

Build

 =HURHQHUJ\EXLOGLQJ
7UDQVSRUW6WDQGDUGV
 *UHHQHUFDUV
 5RDGVDIHW\
3ROOXWLRQ6WDQGDUGV 
 'ULQNLQJ:DWHUDQG:DVWH:DWHU
6HUYLFHV
 &OHDQ$LU

Sustain













 
7KH JUHDWHVW UHVSRQVLELOLW\ LV ODLG RQ DUFKLWHFWV ZKR 7DEOH  ,62 SODQQHG DQG XQGHU GHYHORSPHQW 6PDUW &LW\
FRQFHSWXDOLVH WKH IXWXUH FLWLHV DQG EXLOGHUV ZKR PDWHULDOLVH VWDQGDUGV
LW +RZHYHU WKHUH LV D JURZLQJ FRQFHUQ DERXWGLVFRQQHFWLRQ 
127( 0DUNHG HOHPHQWV FRUUHVSRQG WR HOHPHQWV LQ
RIDUFKLWHFWXUDOSURIHVVLRQDQGEXLOGLQJLQGXVWU\

7DEOH
7KHUHLVDVKHHUVHSDUDWLRQRIDUFKLWHFWXUDOSURIHVVLRQDQG
FRQVWUXFWLRQ LQGXVWU\ UHVXOWHG LQ DUFKLWHFWV
 ORVV RI  &RQFOXVLRQ
OHDGHUVKLS LQ WKH GHVLJQEXLOW HQYLURQPHQW DQG WKHLU
VWUXJJOHWRDGMXVWWRWKHLUSRVLWLRQDVRQHOLQNLQWKHVXSSO\ 7KH UHYLHZ RI HOHPHQWV RI WKH FRQWHPSRUDU\ EXLOW
FKDLQ>@
LQIUDVWUXFWXUHDQGH[LVWLQJVWUDWHJLHVIRUEXLOGLQJIXWXUHFLWHV
VKRZVWKHXQEDODQFHRIGHYHORSPHQWUHGHYHORSPHQWPHWKRGV
)RU PDSSLQJ WKH URDG WR VPDUW EXLOW HQYLURQPHQW WKH
RIH[LVWLQJDQGHPHUJLQJVWUXFWXUHVDQGW\SRORJ\RIEXLOGLQJ
LQYROYHPHQWRIVWDQGDUGVGHYHORSPHQWRUJDQLVDWLRQVLVYLWDO
W\SHVWKDWDUHUHTXLUHGIRUWKHVXVWDLQDEOHXUEDQGHYHORSPHQW



DQG EXLOGLQJ RI IXWXUH FLWLHV ,W XQGHUOLQHV D YLWDO UROH RI WKH
EXLOW HQYLURQPHQW ZKLFK UHSUHVHQWV WKH SK\VLFDO
LQIUDVWUXFWXUH FDSLWDO DQG ZKLFK WRJHWKHU ZLWK WKH KXPDQ
FDSLWDOZDVDQGDOZD\VZLOOEHWKHPRVWYDOXDEOHFRPSRQHQW
RIDQ\VXVWDLQDEOHDQGVPDUWFLW\
5HIHUHQFHV
>@:RUOG8UEDQLVDWLRQ3URVSHFWV7KH5HYLVLRQ
+LJKOLJKWVDQG$GYDQFHG7DEOHV81
>@ $UQKROW&LW\%UDQG,QGH[+RZWKH:RUOG9LHZVLWV
&LWLHVQG(G
>@ 0DFODUHQ9LUJLQLD:eODERUDWLRQGLQGLFDWHXUGH
GXUDELOLWpXUEDLQH&URVSODQVXUOH[SpULHQFH
FDQDGLHQQH3UHVVHVGX&,5857RURQWR0DLSS

>@ &LWLHV5DQNLQJRI(XURSHDQPHGLXPVL]HGFLWLHV)LQDO
5HSRUW&HQWUHRI5HJLRQDO6FLHQFH9LHQQD87
2FWREHUS
>@ 5DVKHYVN\1LFRODV/RRNLQJ$W+LVWRU\7KURXJK
0DWKHPDWLFV7KH0,73UHVVSS
>@ $GDP-RKQ$;DQGWKH&LW\0RGHOOLQJ$VSHFWVRI
+XPDQ/LIH3ULQFHWRQ8QLYHUVLW\3UHVVS
>@ ,627&:RUNLQJJURXS:*GHYHORSLQJ8UEDQ
LQGLFDWRUVFRQYHQHGE\3DWULFLD0F&DUQH\ 8QLYHUVLW\
RI7RURQWR DLPVIRUDKDUPRQL]DWLRQRIWHUPLQRORJ\
LQGLFDWRUVDQGPHWKRGV
>@ 7ZR<HDUV2Q5HSRUW)HEUXDU\7KH*UHHQ
&RQVWUXFWLRQ%RDUGS
>@:RUOG,QYHVWPHQW_5HSRUW*OREDO9DOXH&KDLQV
,QYHVWPHQWDQG7UDGHIRU'HYHORSPHQW81&RQIHUHQFH
RQ7UDGHDQG'HYHORSPHQW 81&7$'811HZ<RUN
DQG*HQHYD
>@ 7RZQVHQG$QWKRQ\06PDUW&LWLHV%LJ'DWD&LYLF
+DFNHUVDQGWKH4XHVWIRUD1HZ8WRSLD::1RUWRQ
&RPSDQ\
>@ 3$66PDUWFLW\FRQFHSWPRGHO*XLGHWR
HVWDEOLVKLQJDPRGHOIRUGDWDLQWHURSHUDELOLW\'UDIW
IRUSXEOLFFRQVXOWDWLRQS
>@ 7KRPSVRQ0DWW/LVWHQDQG/HDUQ7KH5,%$-RXUQDO
-XO\SS




También podría gustarte