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CELSO MONTALVO
CELSO MONTALVO
dX (t )
+ B X (t ) + C =
f (t )
dt
F TF
M TC
C TC
Balance de Materias:
F C=
dM
= 0
dt
F TF
F =C
Balance de Energa:
M TC
d (TC TR )
dt
dT
F Cp TF C Cp TC = M Cp C
dt
C TC
F Cp (TF TR ) C Cp (TC TR ) = M Cp
Tomando TR = 0:
...(1)
F Cp TF 0 C Cp TC 0 =
0 ...(2)
F Cp (TF TF 0 ) C Cp (TC TC 0 ) = M Cp
d (TC TC 0 )
dt
...(3)
CELSO MONTALVO
d (TC TC 0 )
dt
Notar esta
expresin
d TC
dt
MCp
F Cp TF ( s ) =M Cp s TC ( s ) + F Cp TC ( s ) =F Cp TC ( s )
s + 1
FCp
CELSO MONTALVO
...(4)
Finalmente se obtiene:
1
=
TC ( s )
TF ( s )
s +1
F TF
Perturbacin
Respuesta
Funcin
Transitoria
Forzante
Funcin de
Transferencia
M
F
M TC
C TC
Constante de
Tiempo
CELSO MONTALVO
F TF
TF = TF ( t ) TF ( 0 ) = 50 20 = 30
Transformando:
TF (=
s)
M TC
C TC
30 K
=
s
s
B
1
1
1 K
A
s
=
s
=
K
=
K
+
(
)
(
)
T=
T
s s + 1
s + 1
s + 1 s
s ( s + 1)
Para s = -1/:
1
As
Bs
= +
s + 1 s s + 1
Step Response
1 A ( s + 1) B ( s + 1)
=
+
s + 1
s
s
Finalmente:
1
1
1
TC ( s ) =K
=
s s + 1
s s + 1/
TC (t ) =K (1 e t / ) =30 (1 e t / )
CELSO MONTALVO
30
A =1
25
B =
20
Amplitude
Para s = 0:
15
10
7
0
0
3
Time (sec)
(1 e )
t /
TC (t =
)
Step Response
1
98%
95%
0.9
82.5%
0.8
0.7
63.2%
Amplitude
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0
CELSO MONTALVO
3
Time (sec)
4
8
Temperatura, C
4.5
0.8
0.6
3.5
0.4
0.2
2.5
-0.2
1.5
-0.4
-0.6
0.5
-0.8
0
0
TF (t ) = t ; TC (t ) = e
t /
-1
0
3
2
Tiempo, min
+t
=
TF (t ) s en(t=
) ; TC (t )
20
15
10
t
sen t( + arctg ()) +
e
1 + 2
1 + 2
1
0.9
0.9
0.8
0.8
0.7
Temperatura C
Temperatura, C
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0
0
t /
=
TF (t ) e=
; TC (t ) te t /
CELSO MONTALVO
10
0
0
3
Tiempo (sec)
=
TF (t ) Impulse
=
; TC (t ) e t /
Balance de Materias:
F C=
dM
= 0
dt
F var TF var
F =C
Balance de Energa:
dT
F Cp TF + L V C Cp TC = M Cp C
dt
0 (Estado Estacionario)
F0 Cp TF 0 + L V C0 Cp TC 0 =
dT
F Cp TF F0 Cp TF 0 C Cp TC + C0 Cp TC 0 = M Cp C
dt
M TC
C TC
f ( x)
( x x0 ) + ...
x x0
( A B)
( A B)
( B B0 ) +
( A A0 ) + ...
B 0
A 0
CELSO MONTALVO
10
F var TF var
( F TF )
( F TF )
(TF TF 0 ) +
( F F0 ) + ...
TF 0
F 0
F TF = F0 TF 0 + F0 (TF TF 0 ) + TF 0 ( F F0 )
M TC
C TC
F TF = F0 TF 0 + F0 TF + TF 0 F
F TF F0 TF 0 = F0 TF + TF 0 F
dTC
dt
d TC
F0 Cp TF + TF 0 Cp F F0 Cp TC TC 0 Cp F = M Cp
dt
d TC
F0 Cp TF + (TF 0 TC 0 ) Cp F F0 Cp TC = M Cp
dt
F0 Cp TF ( s ) + (TF 0 TC 0 ) Cp F ( s ) F0 Cp TC ( s ) = M Cp s TC ( s )
F Cp TF F0 Cp TF 0 C Cp TC + C0 Cp TC 0 = M Cp
F0 TF ( s ) + (TF 0 TC 0 ) F ( s ) =F0 TC ( s ) s + 1
F0
TF 0 TC 0
1
TC (=
s)
T
s
+
F
s
(
)
(
)
F
F0
s + 1
CELSO MONTALVO
11
20 50
t
TC ( t ) =
10
+
20
(1 e )
100
La Grfica es:
C TC
M TC
TF 0 TC 0
1
TC (=
s)
T
s
+
F
s
( )
F ( )
F
s + 1
0
F var TF var
4
2
0
-2
-4
-6
0
CELSO MONTALVO
10
12
minutos
14
16
18
20
12
FIN