Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
TUBERCULOSIS
TUBERCULOSIS
http://www.denniskunkel.com/
Introducción
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacterium bovis
(bacilos de Koch).
familia Mycobacteriaceae
orden Actinomycetales
Mandell, Douglas y Bennett. Enfermedades infecciosas, principios y práctica. Sexta edición. Elservier
Introducción
Practicamente el ser humano es el único reservorio.
Mandell, Douglas y Bennett. Enfermedades infecciosas, principios y práctica. Sexta edición. Elservier
Introducción
Mandell, Douglas y Bennett. Enfermedades infecciosas, principios y práctica. Sexta edición. Elservier
Introducción hiv
tar
isonia
cida
1950 1985 1996 2009
Mandell, Douglas y Bennett. Enfermedades infecciosas, principios y práctica. Sexta edición. Elservier
http://www.cdc.gov/spanish/enfermedades/tb.html
http://www.cdc.gov/spanish/enfermedades/tb.html
http://www.cdc.gov/spanish/enfermedades/tb.html
www.who.int/topics/tuberculosis/en/
Epidemiología.
50 – ‹ 100 – ‹ 500 – ‹
‹ 50 100 500 750
750 – ‹ No data
1000 ›= 1000
Mandell, Douglas y Bennett. Enfermedades infecciosas, principios y práctica. Sexta edición. Elservier
Mandell, Douglas y Bennett. Enfermedades infecciosas, principios y práctica. Sexta edición. Elservier
Clínica.
Aproximadamente el 85% de los casos son de localización
pulmonar (forma infectante), el 2% meníngea y el resto de otras
localizaciones (renal, genital, miliar, etc).
•Hemoptisis
•Fiebre
•Sudoración nocturna
•Hiporexia
•Pérdida de peso
•Fatiga
http://www.cdc.gov/spanish/enfermedades/tb.html
Clínica.
http://www.cdc.gov/tb.html
http://www.cdc.gov/spanish/enfermedades/tb.html
Vieira de Olival Juan Manuel
TUBERCULOSIS
Diagnostico de
TBC.
http://www.cdc.gov/spanish/enfermedades/tb.html
•Condiciones medioambientales.
•Duración de la exposición.
•Virulencia.
http://www.cdc.gov/spanish/enfermedades/tb.html
TBC drogo resistente
http://www.cdc.gov/spanish/enfermedades/tb.html
PERSONAS CON ALTO RIESGO DE
DESARRROLLAR ENFERMEDAD UNA VEZ
INFECTADOS
•HIV
•Infección Reciente
•Producir un habon de
6 mm to 10 mm de diametro
•No frotar, o volver a limpiar
http://www.cdc.gov/spanish/enfermedades/tb.html
Interpretar el PPD
•Reportar en milimetros
Classifying the Tuberculin Reaction
$5 mm is classified as positive in
• HIV-positive persons
• Recent contacts of TB case
• Persons with fibrotic changes on chest radiograph
consistent with old healed TB
• Patients with organ transplants and other
immunosuppressed patients
http://www.cdc.gov/tb.html
Classifying the Tuberculin
Reaction (cont.)
$10 mm is classified as positive in
• Recent arrivals from high-prevalence countries
• Injection drug users
• Residents and employees of high-risk congregate settings
• Mycobacteriology laboratory personnel
• Persons with clinical conditions that place them at high risk
• Children <4 years of age, or children and adolescents
exposed to adults in high-risk categories
http://www.cdc.gov/tb.html
Classifying the Tuberculin
Reaction (cont.)
http://www.cdc.gov/tb.html
Factors that May Affect the
Skin Test Reaction
Tuberculosis, which results from an infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, can usually be
cured with a combination of first-line drugs taken for several months. Shown here are the four
drugs in the standard regimen of first-line drugs. Also shown are the dates these four drugs
were discovered—all more than 40 years ago.
Vieira de Olival Juan Manuel
TUBERCULOSIS
Tratamiento de la
enfermedad.Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB)
and Possible Effective Treatments
MDR TB occurs when a
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
strain is resistant to isoniazid
and rifampin, two of the most
powerful first-line drugs. To
cure MDR TB, healthcare
providers must turn to a
combination of second-line
drugs, several of which are
shown here. Second-line
drugs may have more side
effects, the treatment may last
much longer, and the cost may
be up to 100 times more than
first-line therapy. MDR TB
strains can also grow resistant
to second-line drugs, further
complicating treatment.
http://www3.niaid.nih.gov/topics/tuberculosis/Understanding/WhatIsTB/VisualTour/MDR-TB.htm
Vieira de Olival Juan Manuel
TUBERCULOSIS
Tratamiento de la
Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (XDR TB)
enfermedad. Diminishing Options for Treatment
http://www3.niaid.nih.gov/topics/tuberculosis/Understanding/WhatIsTB/VisualTour/XDR-TB.htm
http://www3.niaid.nih.gov/topics/tuberculosis/Understanding/WhatIsTB/VisualTour/NewDrugs.htm
http://www3.niaid.nih.gov/topics/tuberculosis/Understanding/WhatIsTB/VisualTour/NewDrugs.htm