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no prevalente de la infancia.
Aproximadamente se esperan 110-120 casos
por 1,000,000 habitantes en los menores de
15 aos.
Los HIC reportan porcentajes de curacin
arriba del 70% en los tipos de cncer ms
comunes en la edad peditrica.
70%(20%)
GAP
20%(80%)
Leucemias
Tumores del SNC
Linfomas Hodgkin
Linfomas N-Hodgkin
Todos los dems
40%
30%
6%
6%
18%
AHOPCA
Cncer peditrico
1994-2006 (H.B. Bloom)
Cncer peditrico
USA 1973-1982 (SEER)
2003).
y Epstein-Barr viral
Genticos: Down syndrome , Fanconi syndrome,
Bloom syndrome , Diamond-Blackfan anemia , Schwachman
syndrome , Klinefelter syndrome , Turner syndrome ,
Neurofibromatosis type 1 , Ataxia-telangiectasia , Severe
combined immune deficiency, Paroxysmal nocturnal
hemoglobinuria , Li-Fraumeni syndrome
Fsicos:
Qumicos:
Radiacion Ionizante
Benzeno, pesticidas.
Presentacin Clnica
Palidez
Fiebre
Sangramient
o
Adenopatas
Dolor seo
Estatus Meudular:
M1
0 - < 5% de blastos
M2 5 - <25% de blastos
M3 25 - <75% de blastos
M4 75%
hypereosinophilia.
La t(15;17)(q22;q21) es diagnsotica de APL.
la t(8;21) es mas frecuente en LMA M2.
inv(16) es comun encontrarla en la varienta de LMA M4Eo.
hypereosinophilia.
La t(15;17)(q22;q21) es diagnsotica de APL.
la t(8;21) es mas frecuente en LMA M2.
inv(16) es comun encontrarla en la varienta de LMA M4Eo.
t(8;21)(q22;q22), t(6;9)
M3 promyelocytic, or acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL)
t(15;17)
M4 acute myelomonocytic leukemia inv(16)(p13q22), del(16q)
M4eo myelomonocytic together with bone marrow eosinophilia
inv(16), t(16;16)
M5 acute monoblastic leukemia
(M5a) or acute monocytic leukemia (M5b) del (11q), t(9;11),
t(11;19)
M6 acute erythroid leukemias, including erythroleukemia (M6a)
and very rare pure erythroid leukemia (M6b)
M7 acute megakaryoblastic leukemia t(1;22)
M8 acute basophilic leukemia ( casi exclusivamente de adultos)
Quimioterapia
QUIMIOTERAPIAS
FAV
H BLOOM
2009
23,317
2010
14,834
6856
2011
11,482
7,919
2012
10,975
7,521
TOTAL
60,608
22,296
CR
PRIMER EVENTO
197
FALLECIDO, EN INDUCCIN
1
ABANDONO, EN INDUCCIN 0
RESISTENTE
5
EN CR AL FINAL DE LA IND.
191
ABANDONO, EN CR
0
RECADA
23
En terapia
14
Fuera terapia
9
- Medula sea aislada
19
- Extra-medular*
4
- Combinado
- Desconocido
SNM
1
FALLECIDO, EN CR
7
VIVO, EN CCR
156
ES
%
0.5
3.6
79.2
283
10
6
0
267
6
44
36
8
34
9
1
0
7
209
2.0
EN ESTUDIO
TRASLADO/PERDIDO AL SEG.
0.5
2.5
97.0
11.7
7.1
4.6
HO
%
2.5
73.9
397
15
19
2
361
46
61
53
8
45
12
2
2
0
11
233
0.4
10
3.5
2.1
94.3
2.1
15.5
12.7
2.8
NI
%
2.8
58.7
303
6
10
8
279
37
57
39
18
44
8
5
0
14
171
2.5
3.7
4.8
0.5
90.9
11.6
15.4
13.4
2.0
PA
%
2.0
3.3
2.6
92.1
12.2
18.8
12.9
5.9
4.6
56.5
133
8
0
0
125
3
23
21
2
18
4
1
0
4
92
3
TOTAL
%
%TOTAL
2011
3.0
2.7
1.1
93.2
7.0
15.8
12.4
3.4
76.9
17.8
4.3
1.0
0.1
3.3
65.6
3.1
2.7
1.1
93.1
6.5
12.6
3.0
69.1
1313
40
35
15
1223
92
208
163
45
160
37
9
2
1
43
861
2.3
18
1.4
0.2
6.0
94.0
2.3
17.3
15.8
1.5
78.5
15.7
2.5
3.3
0.0
3.4
70.4
Hematologia:
Control Metabolico:
La curacin del
cncer peditrico es
posible
El tratamiento debe
ser integral
Requiere un
adecuado apoyo
financiero
A.E.
BACKGROUND Relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is difficult to treat despite the availability
of aggressive therapies. Chimeric antigen receptormodified T cells targeting CD19 may overcome
many limitations of conventional therapies and induce remission in patients with refractory disease.
METHODS We infused autologous T cells transduced with a CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor
(CTL019) lentiviral vector in patients with relapsed or refractory ALL at doses of 0.76106 to 20.6106
CTL019 cells per kilogram of body weight. Patients were monitored for a response, toxic effects, and
the expansion and persistence of circulating CTL019 T cells.
RESULTS A total of 30 children and adults received CTL019. Complete remission was achieved in 27
patients (90%), including 2 patients with blinatumomab-refractory disease and 15 who had undergone
stem-cell transplantation. CTL019 cells proliferated in vivo and were detectable in the blood, bone
marrow, and cerebrospinal fluid of patients who had a response. Sustained remission was achieved with
a 6-month event-free survival rate of 67% (95% confidence interval [CI], 51 to 88) and an overall
survival rate of 78% (95% CI, 65 to 95). At 6 months, the probability that a patient would have
persistence of CTL019 was 68% (95% CI, 50 to 92) and the probability that a patient would have
relapse-free B-cell aplasia was 73% (95% CI, 57 to 94). All the patients had the cytokine-release
syndrome. Severe cytokine-release syndrome, which developed in 27% of the patients, was associated
with a higher disease burden before infusion and was effectively treated with the antiinterleukin-6
receptor antibody tocilizumab.
CONCLUSIONS Chimeric antigen receptormodified T-cell therapy against CD19 was effective in treating
relapsed and refractory ALL. CTL019 was associated with a high remission rate, even among patients
for whom stem-cell transplantation had failed, and durable remissions up to 24 months were observed.
(Funded by Novartis and others; CART19 ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT01626495 and NCT01029366.)