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Grammar reference
Los adjetivos posesivos • se usa la misma forma de can para todas las personas
• detrás de can se pone el infinitivo del verbo sin to
Pronombres de sujeto • can’t es la forma negativa de can
I you he/she/it we you they • en interrogativa, el orden de las palabras cambia
Adjetivos posesivos Can you play the guitar? Yes, I can
¿Sabes tocar la guitarra? Sí.
my your his/her/its our your their
be have got
1 Complete the sentences with the correct 5 Correct the information in the sentences
form of be. using the words in brackets.
1 The Japanese flag is red and white. It 1 I’ve got two brothers. (two sisters)
isn’t (not) blue and white. I haven’t got two brothers. I’ve got two sisters.
2 My best friend from France. He 2 My mum has got blonde hair. (brown hair)
(not) from Spain.
3 My friends happy because it
3 You’ve got three cousins. (four cousins)
Friday.
4 I (not) 15; I
14 years old. 4 Our English teacher has got a beard. (a moustache)
5 My mum’s birthday (not) on
12th July. It on 21st July. 5 My cousins live in a big house. (small house)
6 My favourite football player (not)
Marcus Rashford. It Harry Kane.
6 Write a complete yes/no question. Then write
2 Complete the questions with the the short answer.
question words in the box. 1 your sister / long hair ? (–)
Possessive ’s and s’
4 Correct the mistakes in the sentences using ’s
or s’. can for hability
1 My cousin name is Hannah.
My cousin’s name is Hannah.
7 Write sentences with the affirmative, negative
or question form of can.
2 Lena eyes are green.
1 my friends / swim (+)
My friends can swim.
3 My parents car is Italian.
2 I / dance (–)
•
Me despierto a las 7 todas las mañanas.
para hablar de horarios
• los verbos que terminan en consonante + y pierden
la y final y añaden -ies
My first class starts at 8:45 am. tidy tidies
•
Mi primera clase empieza a las 8:45.
para expresar hechos o verdades generales
• los que terminan en vocal + y conservan la y final y
añaden -s
Some animals sleep during the day. play plays
•
Algunos animales duermen de día.
con he/she/it, añadimos al verbo una -s, -es o -ies
• algunos verbos son irregulares
be is, have has
Negativa
I/you don’t (do not) start school. Pronombres de objeto
He/She/It doesn’t (does not) have a break.
Pronombre de sujeto Pronombre de objeto
We/You/They don’t (do not) wake up.
I me
4 Rewrite the sentences in the negative form. 1 I have my breakfast at home. I don’t have
1 I have a shower every morning. it at school.
I don’t have a shower every morning. 2 I clean my teeth every morning. I also clean
at night.
2 My dad gets up at 6 o’clock.
3 Where are you? I can’t see .
4 I haven’t got a rubber. Can you give
3 My friends go to bed at 10:30 pm.
one?
5 Your brother is in bed. Don’t wake
4 Mrs Maguire teaches English and French. up!
6 It’s my mum’s birthday but I don’t know what to
5 I play sports in the park on Saturday morning. buy .
7 We’ve got a lot of difficult homework. Can you
6 We have lessons in the afternoon. help ?
• +Why
sujeto
the form is: question word + be + subject
are you late? ¿Por qué llegas tarde?
often Why are you late?
sometimes
have got
sometimes have got
hardly ever What have you got in I’ve got my school things.
What have you got in
your bag? I’ve got my school things.
your bag?
hardly ever How many brothers and She’s got two brothers and
never How
sistersmany brothers
has she got? and She’s got two brothers and
a sister.
menos frecuente sisters has she got? a sister.
When have we got PE? We’ve got it at 11 o’clock.
never When have we got PE? We’ve got it at 11 o’clock.
•
lessindican
frequent • se forman con una partícula interrogativa + have/has
•• la
la frecuencia con que hacemos algo
• the
+ form+is:got
sujeto question word + have/has + subject + got
wemayoría de ellos
use adverbs se colocantodelante
of frequency say how deloften
verbo we How many
How many pets has she
pets has got?
she got?
We usually
do things play football in the park after school.
¿Cuántas mascotas tiene?
• Normalmente jugamos al fútbol en el parque
with most verbs, the adverb comes before the verb
después del colegio.
Other verbs
Otros
Where verbos
do you play I play it at school.
• We usually play football in the park after school.
sin embargo, van detrás del verbo be basketball?
• withoften
I’m the verb on the
tiredbe, adverb
Monday comes after the verb
morning.
Where do you play
How does your dad go
basketball?
I play it at school.
He walks to work.
A often tired
I’mmenudo estoy
on cansado los lunes por la mañana.
Monday morning. to work?
How does your dad go He walks to work.
When
to do your friends
work? They watch TV after dinner.
Gustos
Likes y preferencias
and dislikes watch TV?your friends
When do They watch TV after dinner.
•watch TV?
the form is: question word + do/does +
• se forman
subject con una partícula interrogativa + do/does
+ infinitive
+ sujeto + infinitivo
Where do they play basketball?
love like don’t don’t hate Where do they play basketball?
mind like
¿Dónde juegan al baloncesto?
… + verbo en -ing
verb -ing ……++noun
nombre
I love listening to music. I lovemusic.
I love music.
You like
likeplaying
playingvideo games. You
Youlike
likevideo
videogames.
games.
video games.
She doesn’t mind She doesn’t
playing football.
She doesn’t mind mind
She football.
doesn’t mind football.
playing
We don’tfootball.
like going to We don’t like the gym.
the gym. like going to
We don’t We don’t like the gym.
the gym.
They hate using social media. They hate social media.
Adverbs of frequency
frequency 4 Correct
Correct oneone mistake
mistake in
in each
each sentence.
sentence.
Adverbs of frequency 4 Correct
11 II love one
love make
mistake
make videos.
videos.
in each sentence.
1 Choose
Choose the
the correct
correct words
words to
to complete
complete 1 II love
I love make videos.
love making
making videos.
videos.
1 Choose
the the correct
the sentences.
sentences. words to complete I love making videos.
the sentences. 22 We
We don’t
don’t like
like collect
collect things.
things.
11 She
She sometimes
sometimes practises/practises
practises/practises sometimes
sometimes 2 We don’t like collect things.
1 the
She sometimes practises/practises sometimes
the piano.
piano.
the piano. 33 II love
love to
to meeting
meeting my
my friends
friends at
at the
the weekend.
weekend.
22 Our teacher is
Our teacher is always/always
always/always is
is happy.
happy. 3 I love to meeting my friends at the weekend.
2 Our
33 We teacher
We watch is always/always
watch often/often
often/often watch is
watch TV happy.
TV after
after dinner.
dinner.
3 44 My
My dad
dad like
like sleeping.
44 Youwatch
We
You hardlyoften/often
hardly ever watch
ever help/help
help/help TV after
hardly
hardly dinner.
ever
ever at
at home.
home. sleeping.
4 My dad like sleeping.
4
55 You
My hardly ever
friends are
My friends help/help
are never/never hardly
never/never are
are in ever
in the at
the park home.
park on
on
5 Saturday
My are never/never are in the park on
friendsmorning.
Saturday morning. 55 My
My little
little sister
sister hates
hates make
make videos.
videos.
Saturday morning. 5 My little sister hates make videos.
66 My sister has
My sister has usually/usually
usually/usually has
has aa shower
shower in
in
6 the
My
thesister has usually/usually has a shower in
morning.
morning.
77 theammorning.
II am often/often
often/often am
am early
early for
for school.
school. simple: Wh-
Present simple: questions
Wh- questions
7 I am often/often am early for school. Present simple: Wh- questions
2 Order
Order the
the words
words to to make
make sentences.
sentences. 5 Choose
Choose the
the correct
correct words
words to
to complete
complete
2 Order
11 go the
go // gymwords
gym // to to
to // the make sentences.
the // II // usually
usually
5 Choose
the the correct
the questions.
questions. words to complete
1 Igo / gymgo
/ toto the questions.
I usually
usually to/the
thegym.
the / I / usually
gym. 1 When
1 do/have/are you practise the piano?
When do/have/are you practise the piano?
I usually go to the gym. 1
22 When do/have/are your
you practise the piano?
22 often
often // He
He // volleyball
volleyball // plays
plays Where does/has/is
Where does/has/is your brother
brother go
go horse-riding?
horse-riding?
2 often / He / volleyball / plays 2
33 Where does/has/is your brother go horse-riding?
Who does/has/is
Who does/has/is your
your maths
maths teacher?
teacher?
3
44 Who does/has/is your maths teacher?
33 We
We // use
use // sometimes
sometimes // media
media // social
social What do/have/are
What do/have/are we
we got
got after
after this
this lesson?
lesson?
3 We / use / sometimes / media / social 4
55 What do/have/are we got after this lesson?
Why do/have/are
Why do/have/are you
you tired?
tired?
44 never
never // late
late // am
am // II // school
school // for
for 5
66 Why do/have/are you tired?
How
How many photos does/has/is
many photos does/has/is your
your cousin
cousin got
got
4 never / late / am / I / school / for 6 How
on many photos does/has/is your cousin got
on her
her bedroom
bedroom wall?
wall?
55 video
video // games
games // They
They // play
play // usually
usually on her bedroom wall?
5 video / games / They / play / usually 6 Write
Write complete
complete questions
questions with
with be,
be, do
do or
or have
have
66 gym
gym // always
always // isis // She
She // the
the // in
in
6 Write
got.
got. complete questions with be, do or have
6 gym / always / is / She / the / in got.
1 Where / the physics class ?
1 Where / the physics class ?
1 Where’s
Where / the
Where’sthe physics class
thephysics class??
physics class?
Likes and dislikes Where’s the physics class?
22 How
How old
old // your
your best
best friend
friend ??
Likes and dislikes 2 How old / your best friend ?
3 Write
Write sentences
sentences with
with the
the correct
correct verb
verb in
in the
the
3 Write
box sentences
box and
and the with
the verbs
verbs in the correct verb in the
in brackets.
brackets.
33 Where
Where // you
you go
go after
after school
school ??
3 Where / you go after school ?
box and the verbs in brackets.
love
love like
like don’t
don’t mind
mind 44 How
How many
many cousins
cousins // you
you ??
love like don’t mind 4 How many cousins / you ?
don’t
don’t like
like hate
hate 55 When
When // your
your birthday
birthday ??
don’t like hate 5 When / your birthday ?
11 I’m
I’m happy
happy when
when my
my room
room isis clean. liketidying
clean. II like tidying
1 I’m happy when my room is clean. I like tidying
(tidy)
(tidy) it.
7 Write
Write answers
answers forfor the
the questions
questions inin exercise
exercise 6.6.
(tidy)
it.
it.
7 Write
The answers
physics for
class the
is questions
next to the in exercise
11 The physics class is next to the chemistry class.
chemistry class.6.
22 Our teacher (draw)
Our teacher (draw) on
on the
the board.
board. 1 The physics class is next to the chemistry class.
2 Our teacher (draw) on the board. 22
2
33
33 My dad (wash)
My dad (wash) the
the cars.
cars. 3
3 My dad (wash) the cars. 44
4
55
44 II (get
(get up)
up) early, but II (make)
early, but (make) my
my bed.
bed. 5
4 I (get up) early, but I (make) my bed.
//
/
55 We
We (do)
(do) aerobics,
aerobics, it’s
it’s fun!
fun!
5 We (do) aerobics, it’s fun!
• a los adjetivos largos les ponemos delante la palabra Adjetivos cortos que
terminan en -y: windy
windier the windiest
more
My trainers are more comfortable than my boots. Adjetivos largos: more comfortable the most
comfortable comfortable
Mis zapatillas deportivas son más cómodas que mis
botas. Adjetivos irregulares: better, worse the best,
• si mencionamos un lugar, ponemos the delante del He must make his bed before school. ✓
He must to make his bed before school. ✗
adjetivo superlativo e in detrás
Debe hacerse la cama antes de ir al colegio.
My brother is the youngest person in the school. ✓
My brother is the youngest person of the school. ✗
Preguntas Respuestas breves
Mi hermano es el más pequeño del colegio.
Can I/you/we/they Yes, I/you/we/they can.
swim here? No, I/you/we/they can’t.
Can he/she/it have Yes, he/she/it can.
lunch here? No, he/she/it can’t.
• was/were se usa para describir situaciones, personas y • los que terminan en -e solo añaden la -d
objetos en el pasado like liked
It was cold last night so he was at home. • los que terminan en consonante + y pierden la y
Ayer por la noche hacía frío, así que se quedó en casa. y añaden -ied
• la negativa se forma con not study studied
You were not at school last Monday.
El lunes pasado no estuviste en el colegio.
• los de 1 o 2 sílabas que terminan en consonante
(excepto -w o -y) y se acentúan en la segunda
• wasn’t es la forma contraída de was not sílaba, doblan la consonante final y añaden -ed
• weren’t es la forma contraída de were not plan planned
She wasn’t at the gym at 8 o’clock. prefer preferred
Ella no estaba en el gimnasio a las 8. • los que terminan en -l, la doblan
Preguntas Respuestas breves travel travelled
Was I late? Yes, I was.
No, I wasn’t. Past simple: verbos
Were you bored? Yes, you were.
No, you weren’t.
irregulares en afirmativa
Was he/she/it sad? Yes, he/she/it was. Afirmativa
No, he/she/it wasn’t.
I/You went
Were we/you/they happy? Yes, we/you/they were.
He/She/It went
No, we/you/they weren’t.
We/You/They went
• en interrogativa, el orden de las palabras cambia
• los verbos irregulares no siguen una regla para formar
el past simple (ver la lista de la página 80 del libro)
Past simple: verbos regulares have had
en afirmativa y negativa see saw
Afirmativa Negativa meet met
I/You visited I/You didn’t (did not) visit
He/She/It visited He/She/It didn’t (did not) visit Past simple: expresiones
We/You/They visited We/You/They didn’t (did not) visit temporales
• el past simple se usa para describir acciones
• el past simple se usa con expresiones temporales
de pasado: yesterday, last night, last Thursday, last
terminadas o situaciones pasadas weekend, in August, in 2017, etc., para decir cuándo
I played volleyball with my friends last Monday. pasó una cosa.
El lunes pasado jugué al voleibol con mis amigos. I first met my best friend in September 2016.
• se usa la misma forma para I, you, he, she, it, we, you y they Conocí a mi mejor amiga en septiembre de 2016.
Josh watched TV and his mum played cards with He travelled to the USA last year.
his brother. El año pasado viajó a los Estados Unidos.
Josh vio la tele y su madre jugó a las cartas con su
hermano.
3 My brother and I tidied the kitchen last night. 4 I stoped at the café to have a drink.
(our bedroom)
5 There didn’t be many people in the shop.
4 My dad travelled to Australia last year.
(South Africa) 6 I went home because it be cold.
•
They played football. Ellos jugaron al fútbol.
los verbos regulares forman el past simple añadiendo
• en las respuestas breves no se repite el verbo
Did he play hockey? ¿Jugaba al hockey? Sí./No.
-ed al infinitivo (ver las reglas ortográficas en la
Yes, he did. ✓ Yes, he played. ✗
página 94)
No, he didn’t. ✓ No, he didn’t play. ✗
start started
walk walked • ago es una expresión temporal muy usada con el
past simple porque indica cuánto tiempo hace que
• los verbos irregulares no siguen ninguna regla y pasó algo o hicimos alguna cosa
tienen formas de pasado diferentes
When did you tidy your room?
go went ¿Cuándo arreglaste tu habitación?
have had five minutes ago/three hours ago/a month ago
do did hace cinco minutos/hace tres horas/hace un mes
get got • otras expresiones muy comunes para hablar del
• ver la lista de verbos irregulares en la p. 80 del libro pasado son:
in (2017) - en (2017)
Negativa
when I was ten - cuando tenía diez años
I/You didn’t (did not) see
at the age of six - a la edad de seis años
He/She/It didn’t (did not) see
We/You/They didn’t (did not) see
2 Complete the sentences with the past simple 3 it / rain a lot at the weekend ? (+)
affirmative form of the verbs in the box.
go help leave rain snow study 4 you / start a blog about music ? (–)
4 My uncle / do / karate at the age of 15 5 It’s now Wednesday. I went to the dentist on
Monday. (ago)
• will se usa para hacer predicciones sobre el futuro • be + going to se usa para hablar de planes futuros e
People will have flying cars. intenciones
La gente tendrá coches voladores. • se forma con sujeto + be + going to + infinitivo
We’ll all live to be 120! Negativa
¡Todos viviremos hasta los 120 años!
• la estructura es sujeto + will + infinitivo sin to
I’m not (am not) going to play tennis.
You aren’t (are not) going to meet friends.
We’ll go on virtual holidays. ✓
We’ll to go on virtual holidays. ✗ He/She/It isn’t (is not) going to be bored.
Iremos de vacaciones virtuales. We/You/They aren’t (are not) going to have dinner.
• se usa la misma forma para todas las personas
• la negativa se forma con not
I’ll (will) work as a web designer.
Trabajaré como diseñadora de páginas web. Preguntas Respuestas breves
It’ll (will) snow next winter. Am I going to visit Yes, you are.
El próximo invierno nevará. my grandparents? No, you aren’t.
Are you going to Yes, I am.
Negativa have breakfast? No, I’m not.
I/You won’t (will not) walk to school. Is he/she/it going to listen Yes, he/she/it is.
He/She/It won’t (will not) have cars. to music? No, he/she/it isn’t.
We/You/They won’t (will not) go to the beach. Are we/you/they going to Yes, we/you/they are.
• la negativa se forma con not
watch TV? No, we/you/they aren’t.
• won’t es la forma contraída de will not • en interrogativa, el orden de las palabras cambia. La
• se usa la misma forma para todas las personas estructura es be + sujeto + going to + infinitivo
He won’t have much free time.
No tendrá mucho tiempo libre.
• las respuestas breves se forman con Yes, + sujeto +
am/is/are./No, + sujeto + 'm not/aren’t/isn’t.
We won’t have long holidays.
No tendremos unas vacaciones largas.
• en las respuestas breves no se repite going to ni el
infinitivo
Is he going to go swimming? ¿Va a ir a nadar?
will para hacer predicciones: Yes, he is. No, he isn’t. Sí./No.
preguntas y respuestas breves
Preguntas Respuestas breves Present continuous para
Will I/you live in a Yes, I/you will. planes futuros
big house? No, I/you won’t. • el present continuous se usa para hablar de planes
Will he/she/it watch Yes, he/she/it will. seguros, fijados de antemano; por eso suele ir
more TV? No, he/she/it won’t. acompañado de una expresión temporal de futuro
Will we/you/they visit Yes, we/you/they will. What are you doing after school?
museums on holiday? No, we/you/they won’t. ¿Qué harás después del colegio?
• en interrogativa, el orden de las palabras cambia I’m hanging out with friends on Friday afternoon.
• la estructura es will + sujeto + infinitivo El viernes por la tarde saldré con mis amigas.
• se usa la misma forma para todas las personas We aren’t having a barbecue next weekend.
Will we go for walks in the future? El próximo fin de semana no haremos ninguna
¿Daremos paseos en el futuro? barbacoa.
• en las respuestas breves no repetimos el verbo
• consultar la página 88 para ver cómo se forma
Yes, you will. ✓ No, you won’t. ✓ Sí.
Yes, you will go. ✗ No, you won’t go. ✗ No.
5 your friends / Will / go to university ? (+) 5 Write short answers for the questions in
exercise 4.
1 (–) No, I’m not.
2 Write complete sentences with the correct 2 (+)
form of will. 3 (+)
1 I / not study / chemistry at university 4 (–)
I won’t study chemistry at university. 5 (–)
2 We / not live / in houses under the water
6 Write complete questions with the correct
form of be going to.
3 I / buy / a large apartment
1 What / you / do on your holiday ?
What are you going to do on your holiday?
4 It / not rain / all summer
2 How / your friends / make their video ?