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clinical overview
1. Pediatra, Magister en Salud Pública. Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana - Universidad del Desarrollo.
2. Pediatra, Neonatóloga. Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana - Universidad del Desarrollo.
3. Ginecoobstetra. Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana - Universidad del Desarrollo.
Abstract
Late preterm infants: a population at risk in the short and long term
Preterm Birth has increased over the last decades in developed countries; the mayor contribution to this increa-
se has been from “late preterm” births (LP). Recent publications show higher rates of mortality and morbidity
for LP compared with full term infants, both in the short and long term; the risk of mortality and morbidity
increases with decreasing gestational age, the lowest risk being at 39 weeks of gestation. Complications of
LP birth are related to immaturity of the different organs and systems. During the neonatal period, the most
frequent complications are Hyaline Membrane Disease, Transient Tachipnea, Hypoglycemia, Hyperbilirubine-
mia and feeding problems. In the long term, outcomes show that LP have an increased risk for developmental
delay, academic and behavioral difficulties. While most complications are less frequent and less severe than
extremely preterm infants, the large number of children that are born as LP represent a large population at risk.
The purpose of this article is to review available evidence on mortality, morbidity and long term development
in LP. This data may help obstetricians, neonatologists, pediatricians and public health workers to pay attention
to this new population at risk.
(Key words: Late preterm, neonatal morbidity, psychomotor development).
Rev Chil Pediatr 2012; 83 (3): 217-223
Resumen
Correspondencia a:
Luisa Schonhaut Berman
lschonhaut@alemana.cl
menos severas que en prematuros extremos, debido al extenso número de niños que nacen bajo esta condición,
constituyen una importante fracción poblacional con morbimortalidad atribuible a la prematuridad tardía. El
objetivo del artículo es revisar la evidencia disponible respecto a la mortalidad, morbilidad y desarrollo de los
PT y alertar a obstetras, neonatólogos, pediatras y salubristas sobre este nuevo grupo de riesgo.
(Palabras clave: Prematuros tardíos, morbilidad neonatal, desarrollo psicomotor).
Rev Chil Pediatr 2012; 83 (3): 217-223
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