UNRC

Facultad de Ingeniería
Inglés Técnico I – Telecomunicaciones/Electricista

EXAMEN FINAL DE PRÁCTICA

Lea el texto y responda las preguntas en español y de manera completa

1) Mencione el motivo por el cual las fibras ópticas pueden transmitir sobre distancias largas sin
repetidoras. Mencione la distancia a la que se extienden los sistemas de comunicación de datos y
mencione una ventaja de la misma.
2) ¿A qué concepto se refiere la expresión: This “collapsed backbone” (párrafo 2)? Mencione una
ventaja de este tipo de red/infraestructura.
3) En cuanto a la alta capacidad de las fibras ópticas, ¿qué dice el texto sobre la misma en relación al
presente y al futuro?
4) Explique qué COMPARACIONES se introducen en el párrafo 3 (Reduced System and Maintenance
Costos). Responda de manera completa.
5) ¿Qué ejemplo se menciona en el párrafo 3?
6) REFERENCIAS: ¿A qué hacen referencia los siguientes elementos en el texto?
a- This regenerator spacing (párrafo 1)
b- This adjustment (párrafo 4)

Advantages and Types of Fiber Optics Systems – Why Use Fiber Optics?

● Long distance of transmission without repeaters or regenerators

● High capacity
● Reduced system cost
● Reduced maintenance cost
● Upgrading ease
● Lowest life cycle costs
● Small size
● Light weight
● Dielectric nature
● Immunity to EMI/RFI
● Intrinsic security of transmission
● Synergistic interaction of the properties of fiber with the cost factors of application

LONG DISTANCE OF TRANSMISSION. Because of their extremely low attenuation rates, optical
fibers can transmit to long distances without repeaters or regenerators. Typical, off-the-shelf
optoelectronics can transmit 40 - 80 km (24 - 48 mi.). Some telephone systems are transmitting to
at least 137 mi. This regenerator spacing greatly exceeds the 6 mi. typical distance for copper
telephone systems.

Use of fiber extends the distance of data communication systems to at least 10,000 ft. With this
extended distance, networks can be designed for large geographical areas without the need for
signal regenerators or repeaters. Copper cables in data communication applications are often
limited to 100 m (328 ft.). This long-distance capability may result in a change in the network
topology used in corporate networks. This capability will allow building networks to be designed
with a single, central concentrator location in a building instead of multiple, or intermediate,
UNRC
Facultad de Ingeniería
Inglés Técnico I – Telecomunicaciones/Electricista

EXAMEN FINAL DE PRÁCTICA

concentrators in wiring closets. This "collapsed backbone" concept results in reduced network
costs, reduced maintenance costs, reduced conduit requirements, and reduced floor space
requirements.

HIGH CAPACITY. Because of their extremely low pulse spreading rates, fiber optic systems have
high capacity. At this time, telephone systems can carry approximately 30,000 telephone
conversations per pair of fibers. A typical, 1inch diameter, 144-fiber cable can carry approximately
2,100,000 simultaneous conversations. In the future, this same fiber pair will be able to carry
300,000 telephone conversations per fiber pair or about 21 million simultaneous conversations per
telephone cable. Twenty-one million simultaneous conversations is the approximate capacity
required for everyone in Los Angeles to talk with everyone in New York - at the same time over the
same 1" diameter cable!

REDUCED SYSTEM AND MAINTENANCE COSTS. The elimination of repeaters, regenerators, and
intermediate concentrators results in a reduced system cost. In some applications, such as
telephone and CATV, fiber systems have an initial installed cost less than those of copper-based
systems. Because the number of active devices is lower in a fiber system than in a copper system,
the number of points of potential failure are fewer. This reduction in failure points results in reduced
maintenance costs. For example, elimination of coax amplifiers in CATV systems eliminates the
need for weekly adjustment of the gain of each of these amplifiers. This adjustment is required
to compensate for temperature changes in the environment. This reduction in maintenance cost is
also realized in LANs, when a collapsed backbone topology is implemented.