ê o

<]aRaV]UV]9R_T`:V_ecR]UVIVdVcgRUV] /+2+
t f
ë
GVcrV_]RVT`_`^oRaVcfR_Riac`_qdeZT`d i f i f G
`b`b
VT`_q^ZT`daRcRV]GVcr

$ +!
$!%% 
 ML

C`lklj fpq^ m l oi^ S kfsbopfa^aabi N^`Äcf`l, `S

K ^dfpqbobk C`lkljÄ^ m l oJlkalkQ`ellil cC`lkljf`p^ka Nlifqf`^iQ`fbk`b, C
NolcbploabNliÄqf`^ C`lkÇj f`^ab i^ S kfsbopfa^aabi N^`Äcf`l, MG
E bobkqbEbkbo^iabi @^k`lAbkqo^iabPbpbos^abi NboÉ, +M
ug
@-
M


^f
<
`

HC
^
K-
l
&:
r
KD
F
M
^f
ûl
uY
`S
&
B
r
CkilpÉiqfj lpafbw^Ålpi^b`lkljÄ^ mbor^k^ e^bpq^albk _l`^abqlalp*fk`irplabi^pdo^kabp `S
K&
mlqbk`f^pb`lkÇjf`^p*vpbe^eb`el`lkl`fa^mloe^_boobpfpqfali^p`ofpfpb`lkÇjf`^pjrkaf^ibp
abp^q^a^pbk ilpÉiqfjlp^Ålp,?pÄmrbp*i^ _rbk^prboqbabi NboÉpbe^molar`falmofk`fm^ijbkqb ^f
K-
f-f
mloilp^iqlpq~ojfklpabfkqbo`^j_flnrbpbe^k mobpbkq^al*bi^rj bkqlabi`o~afql_^k`^ofl*bi M
`
^rjbkqlabi`lkprjl*abid^pqlvabi^ob`^ra^`fÇk,Lrk`^^kqbpbki^efpqlof^mbor^k^bkqo^olk C
1
q^kqlp`^mfq^ibp^i m^Äp`ljlbkbiÉiqfj lnrfknrbkfl, `S
M
=F
Bbkqolabbpqbm^klo^j^ab_lk^kw^nrbe^qbkfalbi NboÉ*bi@^k`lAbkqo^iabPbpbos^abi NboÉ `S
R1
&bk ^abi^kqb* @APN' e^ `rj mifal rk m^mbi ab sfq^i fjmloq^k`f^ mrbp e^ pfal i^ bk`^od^a^ ab `S
mobpbos^obkqlaljljbkqli^bpq^_fifa^ajlkbq^of^abim^Äpvcloq^ib`bobirplabkrbpqo^jlkba^8 Rô
^f
biLrbslQli,Ckq^ipbkqfal*vqbkfbkalbk`rbkq^ nrbilpbpmb`f^ifpq^pb`lkÇjf`lp^rdro^k rk^ `S
`lkqo^``fÇk ab bpqb `ob`fjfbkql b`lkÇjf`l* bi @APN bp i^ ^rqlofa^a obpmlkp^_ib ab bs^ir^o i^p <
^-
jbglobpmliÄqf`^pcfp`^ibpvjlkbq^of^ppfbim^klo^j^b`lkÇjf`lbjmfbw^^s^of^o, [[

Ckbpbloabkabfab^p*i^AljfpfÇkabCaf`fÇkab;>PI =;NOMqrsli^lmloqrkfa^avi^fkf`f^qfs^
o+
abbkqobsfpq^o^ rk^slw^rqlofw^a^bkj^qbof^b`lkÇjf`^,CipbÅloPbkwlPlppfkfKfÅ^k*dbobkqb :L
dbkbo^iabi@APNklp^_ofÇi^pmrboq^pabprlcf`fk^m^o^a^oklpprlmfkfÇkabpabrk^mbopmb`qfs^
b`lkÇjf`^obpmb`ql^icrqrolabiNboÉ,J^mobpbkqbbkqobsfpq^mobpbkq^abrk^j^kbo^jrvafa}`qf`^ t
ilp molkÇpqf`lp b`lkÇjf`lp vlmfkflkbp ab rkl ab ilp b`lkljfpq^p mbor^klp j}p fjmloq^kqbp (
ab i^p Éiqfj^p a~`^a^p* nrfbk bk i^ ^`qr^ifa^a pb bk`rbkqo^ bk`^od^al abi crk`flk^j fbkql v E#
^ajfkfpqo^`fÇkabi mofk`fm^ilod^kfpjl`lkpqfqr`flk^ijbkqb^rqÇklj labi NboÉ,

Ci m^mbi  abi  @APN bk i^ b ` l k l jÄ ^  m b o r ^ k ^  v m o l k Ç p q f ` l p  b ` l k Ç j f ` l p  m^o ^ bi NboÉ

 +( <^SrabSeSVaUg_b^[sfdWeVpUSVSeW`W^
9S`Ua:W`fdS^VWIWeWdhSk`gWhWSraeS^
XdW`fWVW^S>WdW`U[S>W`WdS^(LefWVZSVW'
eSdda^^SVaegUSddWdS W` W^ 9S`Ua:W`fdS^(
xHgpVWefSUSdqSVWWefWbdaUWea6
IW`laIaee[`[ D[ro` #IID$4Ckqo~^qo^_^g^o^i
@^k`lAbkqo^imlojbaflabiAroplabCuqbkpfÇk
Skfsbopfq^of^bk /760*nrbbpi^sÄ^mloi^`r^ibi
@^k`l pbib``flk^ ^i mboplk^i nrb fkdobp^ ^ i^p
}ob^p q~`kf`^p, Cpqb `ropl pb bjmbwÇ ^ af`q^o
bk /74/ vbp rk^cloj^ bufqlp^ ab`^mq^o^ ilp
b`lkljfpq^pfkqbobp^alpbk i^j^`olb`lkljÄ^
vbk bi pbosf`fl mÉ_if`l, Ql_ob jf `^oobo^ ab_l
ab`fonrb`^a^ mrbpqlvbk`^odljbe^abg^al
P bsfpq^ b a fq^ a ^  m l o ^ ir j k l p  ab i^ D ^`riq^a ab B bob`el ab i^ S k fs b op fa ^ a  ab Jfj^
i^bq^m^abbpq^_fifw^`fÇk*obcloj^bpqor`qro^iv
obfk`lomlo^`fÇk^ilpcirglpcfk^k`fbolpfkqbok^+
`flk^ibp bk ilp mofjbolp ^Ålp ab i^ a~`^a^ ab
ilp7.p,Qbqo^_^gÇbki^mrbpq^bkj^o`e^abrk
krbslpfpqbj^jlkbq^oflm^o^m^p^oabi^efmb+
ofkci^`fÇk^i^bpq^_fifw^`fÇk jlkbq^of^`lkrk^
cilq^`fÇk`^j_f^oÄ^nrbmbojfqÄ^i^fkqbosbk`fÇk
m^o^ nrb bi @^k`l Abkqo^i bjmbw^o^ ^ ob`lkp+
qfqr fo prp obpbos^p fkqbok^`flk^ibp, Bb j^kbo^
pfjriq}kb^^mlv^jlpi^pobcloj^pbpqor`qro^ibp
`ljli^^mboqro^`ljbo`f^ivi^obpq^ro^`fÇkab
ilpcirglp abcfk^k`f^jfbkql ^i m^Äp* il`r^i bo^
kb`bp^ofl m^o^ nrb i^ b`lkljÄ^ `obw`^v ob`r+
mbo^o^biqfbj mlmboafal,A^_bob`loa^onrbbi
N@G mloe^_fq^kqbab /77.bo^fdr^i^iab /74.*

jr`e^p ib``flkbp* mbol e^ e^_fal jljbkqlp ilnrbpfdkfcf`^_^rkbpq^k`^jfbkqlab1.^Ålp,

ab j^vlo fkqbkpfa^a `ljl crb bi abi fkf`fl ab

G9@G<I:ÄG@K84 +3/*',*+,
&Äkaf`b/74.;/..'

OUf( ! dfcaYX]c OUf( ! dfcaYX]c OUf( ! dfcaYX]c OUf( ! dfcaYX]c

+3/*' +30*4 ,(2! +30+' +31 / 4,(2 ! +310' +33*4',(/! + 3 3 + ', * + , 4- (. !

J8I8;<@D=B8:@wD3*2.)&+)*+

10/*!
;>PI=;NOM /05

+3/* +3// +30* +30/ +31* +31/ +32* +32/ +33* +33/ ,*** ,**/ ,*+* ,*+,

/6 P b k w l  P l p p f k f  Kf Å } k
 ,( xHgp ZWUZae WUa`s_[Uae k X[`S`U[Wdae ab mobpbos^o i^ bpq^_fifa^a jlkbq^of^* il nrb
ZS` e[Va&W` eg ab[`[s`& ^ae _oefdSeUW`' pfdkfcf`^ nrb ab_bk ^pbdro^o nrb i^ jlkba^
VW`fS^WeW`Wefaet^f[_ae-*Srae6 `rjmi^ ^ab`r^a^jbkqb prp crk`flkbp `ljl
jbafl ab `^j_fl* rkfa^a ab `rbkq^ v obpbos^
IID4Kb m^ob`b nrb il j}p fj mloq^kqb ab ilp ab s^ilo, Jlp Bfob`qlobp qfbkbk obpmlkp^_fifa^+
Éiqfj lp ^Ålp e^ pfal mlkbo krbs^jbkqb ^ i^ abp ab a^o rk^ afob``fÇk bpqo^q~df`^ ^ i^ ?aj f+
b`lkljÄ^ bk rk orj_l ab `ob`fjfbkql plpqb+ kfpqo^`fÇk* ^pÄ `ljl `lkqoli^o i^ dbpqfÇk ab i^
kfal* do^`f^p ^ i^ bpq^_fifa^a `lkpbdrfa^ mlo bi jfpj^, J^ Ebobk`f^ mlo pr m^oqb ab_b fkcloj^o
j^kbgl j^`olb`lkÇjf`l* i^p obcloj^p bk`^jf+ v molmlkbo i^p jbafa^p j}p ^ab`r^a^p m^o^ bi
k^a^p ^ fjmrip^o i^ bcf`fbk`f^ v `ljmbqfqfsfa^a v `rj mifj fbkql abi l_gbqfsl abi @^k`l, Aljl pb
^ i^ mlpf_fifa^a ab lofbkq^o i^ ^``fÇk ab dl_fbokl sb e^v rk^ pbm^o^`fÇk ab crk`flkbp bkqob i^p ab
^ i^ molsfpfÇk ab ilp _fbkbp mÉ_if`lp obnrbofalp Bfob``fÇk v Alkqoli mlo bi i^al abi Bfob`qlofl v
m^o^ fdr^i^o lmloqrkfa^abp v ^pÄ clj bkq^o i^ i^p sfk`ri^a^p ^i crk`flk^j fbkql abi @^k`l, J^p
bnrfa^a, N^o^ obprjfo Cpq^_fifa^a* Ccf`fbk`f^ v obpmlkp^_fifa^abp abi @APN plk s^of^a^p v s^k
Cnrfa^a, N^o^ firpqo^o `^_b pbÅ^i^o nrb bk ilp abpab i^p j}p `lkl`fa^p sfk`ri^a^p ^ i^ mliÄqf`^ ol
Ü
Éiqfjlp /. ^Ålp bi N@G abi NboÉ e^ `ob`fal bk jlkbq^of^ v ^ i^ ^ajfkfpqo^`fÇk ab i^p obpbos^p
molj bafl 4*3#* i^ fkci^`fÇk e^ pfal 0*7# bk fkqbok^`flk^ibp* e^pq^ mlo prmrbpql ^ i^ dbpqfÇk E@
K-
moljbafl* i^ q^p^ ab ml_obw^ e^ _^g^al ab 37# ab _fiibqbp v jlkba^p v ab fkcloj^o pl_ob i^p M
fc
^ 04# v i^ ab buqobj^ ml_obw^ ab /4# ^ 4# cfk^kw^p k^`flk^ibp* ^pmb`qlp qlalp nrb ab_bk M-
+)+
bkqob bi ^Ål 0..2 v 0./0, Cpqlp fkaf`^alobp plk `lkq^o `lk rk plmloqb ^ab`r^al bk ilp `^jmlp :K
9
ab ilp jbglobp bk i^ obdfÇk, Ci N@G mlo e^_fq^kqb ab ob`roplp erj^klp* ibd^i* qb`kliÇdf`l v ^a+ 0
l
bk bi 0..2 bnrfs^iÄ^ ^ SQ" 0 3.. v bpqb ^Ål pb jfkfpqo^qfsl, Ql_ob bi `lkqoli fkqbokl mofj^ bk
bk`rbkqo^ bk SQ" 5 ..., bi @^k`l i^ mobsbk`fÇk v rk bkclnrb ab ofbpdlp :K
M/
mlo bi `r^i qlalp ilp mol`bplp pb bs^iÉ^k `lk+ M
';
Wi
Ci `ob`fj fbkql b`lkÇj f`l e^ qo^Äal jbglo^p pfabo^kal i^ mol_^_fifa^a v a^Ål nrb mrbabk af
Wi
klqlof^p bk bi _fbkbpq^o `ljl il mrbab jlpqo^o `^rp^o bsbkqlp kbd^qfslp* ab_f~kalpb ^almq^o =l
i^ obar``fÇk ab i^ mlo`fÇk ab i^ ml_i^`fÇk nrb i^p jbafa^p nrb kbrqo^if`bk l bifjfkbk bpqlp Wi
ug
sfsb ab_^gl ab i^ iÄkb^ ab i^ ml_obw^ v buqobj^ ofbpdlp, ?pfjfpjl* qla^p i^p }ob^p abi @^k`l M-
AM
ml_obw^, Ck ird^o ab obm^oqfo ml_obw^ `lk mliÄqf+ qfbkbk crk`flkbp v mol`bafjfbkqlp cloj^ibp v bi
M
`^p ab fkqbosbk`fÇk ^o_fqo^of^p* pb e^ ^mobkafal mboplk^i bp ^pfdk^al ^ obpmlkp^_fifa^abp pbdÉk &M
C[R
nrb `lk bpq^_fifa^a v `ob`fj fbkql bp mlpf_ib prp `ljmbqbk`f^p* `lk il `r^i bi `lkqoli fkqbokl
^i`^kw^o obpriq^alp c^slo^_ibp m^o^ i^ ml_i^`fÇk, pb bkj^o`^ bk rk ^j_fbkqb alkab qlalp `lkl+ :K
Nb
`bk prp l_ifd^`flkbp v ilp crk`flk^oflp bgbo`bk f-i
M
W
-( <`fpd_[`aeeaU[WfSd[ae&W^>WdW`fW>W`W' bi `lkqoli dbobk`f^i afob`ql, Ci `lkqoli mlpqboflo Ü
B
dS^WeW^dWeba`eST^WbadW^WefST^WU[_[W`' abi @^k`l bp obpmlkp^_fifa^a ab i^ Mcf`fk^ ab Wh/
fak_S`fW`[_[W`faVWg`SWefdgUfgdSVW Alkqoli Gkpqfqr`flk^i v i^ ^rafqloÄ^ cfk^k`fbo^ M
H(
Ua`fda^[`fWd`aSX[`VWcgW^aeSUf[haeVW bp abp^oolii^a^ mlo rk^ bjmobp^ ^rafqlo^ `lk :E
R1
^SeaU[WVSVWefp`bdafWY[VaeUa`fdSW^gea bumbofbk`f^ fkqbok^`flk^i pbib``flk^a^ `^a^ alp :l
`aSgfad[lSVakcgWfaVSe^SeabWdSU[a`We ^Ålp mlo i^ Alkqo^iloÄ^ Ebkbo^i ab i^ PbmÉ_if`^, R1
:K
eWS` WXWUfgSVSe VW SUgWdVa Ua` Sgfad[' fc
$&{
`-f
lSU[a`We WefST^WU[VSe k eWS` dWY[efdSVSe .( x?SefScgpbg`faW^9:IGWeSgfs`a_a6x<^ <
:K!
Sbdab[SVS_ W`fW( <` W^ USea VW^ 9:IG& <\WUgf[ha&WebWUqX[US_W`fWW^GdWe[VW`fWVW [[
x:go^Weea` ^SeXg`U[a`WekdWeba`eST[^[' ^S IWbtT^[US& bgWVW [`fWdhW`[dVW S^Yg`S
p VSVWeVW^SYWdW`U[SYW`WdS^6 Xad_S^WYS^W`^SeVWU[e[a`WeVW^9:IG6
o+y
*.

IID4N^o^ a^o rk jbglo `lkqbuql ^ jf obpmrbp+ IID4 Bb ^`rboal ^ i^ Alkpqfqr`fÇk bi @^k`l

q^* `lkpfabobj lp mofj bol nrb bi B fob`qlofl Abkqo^i bp dl_bok^al mlo rk Bfob`qlofl `rvlp t
bp bi Çod^kl ab d l_ fb ok l abi @^k`l v nrb jfbj_olp pÇil mrbabk pbo objlsfalp mlo c^iq^ (
prp jfbj_olp kl obmobpbkq^k fkqbo~p ^idrkl* do^sb* `ljl mlaoÄ^ pbo cfk^k`f^o ^i El_fbokl l #
ab_f~kalpb pÇil ^i j ^ka^ql `lkpqfqr`flk^i `ob^o qfmlp ab `^j_flp jÉiqfmibp, J^ Alkpqfqr+

Ci m ^mbi abi @APN bk i^ b ` l k l jÄ ^ m b o r ^ k ^ v m o l k Ç p q f ` l p b ` l k Ç j f ` l p m^o ^ bi NboÉ

 `fÇkq^j _f~kafpmlkbnrbbi@^k`lpbofdbmlo
prJbvMod}kf`^*abj^kbo^nrbklpbibmrbab
fjmlkbo^``flkbp abpab lqol `^jml, J^ abib+
d^`fÇkab^rqlofa^am^o^^pbdro^ork^fkci^`fÇk
_^g^ bp i^ j bglo `lkqof_r`fÇk i^ bpq^_fifa^a
pl`f^ivmliÄqf`^,A^_oÄ^^dobd^onrbbi @APNe^
sbkfal^mlv^kalrk^fkf`f^qfs^abjlafcf`^`fÇk
`lkpqfqr`flk^i m^o^ nrb bi j^ka^ql ab ilp Bf+
ob`qlobp kl`lfk`fa^`lkbi`f`il mliÄqf`lvnrb
ilpBfob`qlobppbabpfdkbkm^ri^qfk^jbkqbvkl
bkl`^pfÇkabi`^j_flabdl_fbokl*abj^kbo^
nrbpb moljrbs^ rk^ j^vlo^rqlkljÄ^,
/( x:go^WeW^_af[habd[`U[bS^&badW^UgS^W^
9:IG `a dWSUU[a`s VW ^S _[e_S _S`WdS
Pbsfpq^ b a fq^ a ^  m l o ^ ir j k l p  ab i^ D ^ `riq^a ab B b ob `e l  ab i^ S k fs b op fa ^ a  ab Jfj^
S`fW^SUd[e[eVW+332k,**26<`dW^SU[s`S
W^^a&xHgpXSU[^[VSVWeZSTd[`VSVa^SSgfa'
`a_qSVW^ 9:IGS ^Sfa_SVWVWU[e[a`We6
IID4J^afcbobk`f^crka^jbkq^ibk i^ ob^``fÇk
bk ^j_^p `ofpfpbp bi kfsbi obi^qfsl ab obpbos^p
fkqbok^`flk^ibpabi @^k`lAbkqo^i`lkobpmb`ql
^ i^p l_ifd^`flkbp ab `loql mi^wl abi pfpqbj^
cfk^k`fbol v ab i^ b`lkljÄ^ bk dbkbo^i, J^p
`ofpfp cfk^k`fbo^p fkqbok^`flk^ibp plk bsbkqlp
bk ilp nrb i^p b`lkljÄ^p bjbodbkqbp sbk p^+
ifa^p ab `^mfq^ibp buqboklp mlo i^ m~oafa^ ab
^mbqfqlab ofbpdlab ilp fksbopflkfpq^p* ilpnrb
abj^ka^k bk pr ird^oifnrfabw mloi^ sÄ^ abi^
ifnrfa^`fÇk ab prp mlpf`flkbp j}p ofbpdlp^p,
? bpq^ pfqr^`fÇk bi molcbplo E rfiiboj l A^isl
ab i^ Skfsbopfa^a ab Alirj_f^ i^ abkljfk^
acRRS\
ab]^
abilpcirglpab`^mfq^ibp,?nrÄ*sl+ Q@Q* bi KCD v bi @APN e^k sbkfal ^almq^kal
iÉjbkbp fjmloq^kqbp ab fksbopflkbp ab `loql
mi^wl p^ibk o}mfa^jbkqb* mlkfbkal bk ofbpdl
i^ bpq^_fifa^a ab i^p bkqfa^abp cfk^k`fbo^p v
ab i^ b`lkljÄ^ ob^i nrb mrbab bkcobkq^o rk^
m^o}ifpfp`obafqf`f^,Cpbkbplpjljbkqlpnrbbi
@^k`l Abkqo^i molsbb ifnrfabw m^o^ bsfq^o nrb
bi mol_ibj^buqbokl `lkq^jfkb ^ i^ b`lkljÄ^
k^`flk^i,?jbaf^alpab /776bi j lkqlab i^p
obpbos^pfkqbok^`flk^ibpobmobpbkq^_^pÇil/6#
abi N@G v ^ jbaf^alp ab 0..6 1.#, Ck ^j_lp
jljbkqlp i^pl_ifd^`flkbpab`loql mi^wlabi
;>PI=;NOM /05
m^Äpobmobpbkq^_^k /0#v6#abiN@G*`lkilnrb
sbjlpnrbbkbibsbkqlab/776kl`lkq}_^jlp
`lk rk^ abcbkp^ `obÄ_ib m^o^ ^`qr^o, Nlo bpq^
bumbofbk`f^*bkbi0..6bpq}_^jlpmobm^o^alp
klpÇil`lkrkjbglokfsbiabobpbos^pfkqbok^+
`flk^ibp* pfkl ^abj}p `lk rk^ abra^ mÉ_if`^
0. Pb k w l  P l p p f k f  Kf Å } k
kbq^ _^g^ v`lk bkqfa^abpcfk^k`fbo^p `lk j}p
^`qfslp iÄnrfalp bk obi^`fÇk ^ prp l_ifd^`flkbp
ab `loql mi^wl, Ck bi`r^oqlqofjbpqob ab0..6*
bpqlbparo^kqbi^`ofpfpmlobi`li^mplabi_^k`l
ab fksbopfÇk Jbej^k @olqebop*bi @APN fkvb`qÇ
bibnrfs^ibkqb^7#abi N@Gv`ljlobpriq^albi
`o~afqlkl`^vÇ,
0( x:s_a bSdf[U[bS W^ 9:IGXdW`fWS ^S WefS'
T[^[VSVX[`S`U[WdS6
IID4Ql_obi^bpq^_fifa^acfk^k`fbo^vi^pcrk`fl+
kbpabi @^k`lAbkqo^i*ab_bjlp fkaf`^onrbi^
mliÄqf`^ jlkbq^of^vprp jb`^kfpjlpabqo^kp+
jfpfÇklmbo^kmlojbaflabipfpqbj^cfk^k`fbol*
mloil`r^irkpfpqbj^p^klbprkobnrfpfqlfkafp+
mbkp^_ib m^o^ rk^ mliÄqf`^ jlkbq^of^ bcb`qfs^,
Qf _fbk i^ Q@Qsbi^mloi^p^irafkafsfar^iabi^p
bkqfa^abp cfk^k`fbo^p* ^ il nrb abkljfk^jlp
bpq^_fifa^a jf`olcfk^k`fbo^* bi pfpqbj^ bk pr
`lkgrkqlmrbabbpq^oprgbql^srikbo^_fifa^abp
nrbpb^mob`f^k^kfsbipfpq~jf`l*^ilnrbpbab+
kljfk^bpq^_fifa^a j^`olcfk^k`fbo^,Nlobgbj+
mil*rk^bum^kpfÇkbu`bpfs^abi`o~afql*lpb^rk
Zgge [j]\ala[ag( l rk^ qbkabk`f^ fkplpqbkf_ib
bk mob`flp ab ^`qfslp `ljl i^p molmfba^abp
fkjrb_ibp*lpb^rk^ZmjZmbY afegZadaYjaY(plk
pfqr^`flkbpnrbprodbkabrk`lj mloq^j fbkql
`lib`qfsl fkplpqbkf_ib v mbifdolpl m^o^ i^ b`l+
kljÄ^, Ck krbpqol m^Äp kl e^v rk^ ^pfdk^`fÇk
cloj^i pl_ob i^ obpmlkp^_fifa^a ab sbi^o mlo
i^ bpq^_fifa^a j^`olcfk^k`fbo^* pfk bj_^odl i^
jbafa^p m^o^ bsfq^o nrb prog^k _ro_rg^p* nrb
fjmripbk ab j^kbo^ fkplpqbkfa^ bi`o~afql*bk
m^oqf`ri^o bi `o~afql bk aÇi^obp m^o^ ^anrfofo
sfsfbka^p* l nrb clj bkqbk bi bkabra^jfbkql
ab `loql mi^wl ab i^p bkqfa^abp cfk^k`fbo^p, Ci
`o~afql bk aÇi^obp e^ sbkfal abp^`bibo}kalpb
bkilpmofjbolpjbpbpabbpqb^Ålmlojbafa^p
`ljlbibs^`flkbpabibk`^gbabi@APNvkloj^p
morabk`f^ibp ab i^ Q@Q, R^j_f~k l_pbos^jlp
nrb ilp mob`flp ab i^p sfsfbka^p bk obi^`fÇk
^i s^ilo ab ilp ^inrfibobp pb e^k bpq^_fifw^al*
pbÅ^inrbkle^vrk^qbkabk`f^ mbifdolp^,
Ll e^vnrb lisfa^o pfk bj_^odl nrbqbkbjlp
rk^ srikbo^_fifa^a fj mloq^kqb nrb bp i^ ali^+
ofw^`fÇkabi`o~afql*nrbelvbpabi21#*v`rvl
ofbpdl pb a^ bk ilp`^plp ab`ifbkqbp _^k`^oflp
 ê
nrb klqfbkbk fkdobplpbk jlkba^ buqo^kgbo^* `^mfq^ibp*abpab0..4 mlobgbjmil* i^p PGL e^k G+
nrbmlaoÄ^ksbopb^cb`q^alpmlork^bibs^`fÇk ^rjbkq^al SQ" 31 jfi jfiilkbp, Bb kl e^_bo
<<
^_ormq^abiqfm l ab`^j_fl, fkqbosbkfal*pber_fbo^qbkfalrk^^mob`f^`fÇk SVS
jrvo}mfa^ nrb er_fbo^ mrbpqlbk mbifdol^ i^ BCA
K +
1( ;qSSVqSeW ZST^SkeW bgT^[U[fS ^Se[`fWd' bpq^_fifa^acfk^k`fbo^vi^sf^_fifa^aabpb`qlobp X
k qk
hW`U[a`We VW^ 9:IG W` W^ _WdUSVa US_' ab molar``fÇk nrb `ljmfqbk bk bi bp`bk^ofl
T[Sd^a&xUgo^Weea`^aeaT\Wf[haeVWV[UZSe fkqbok^`flk^i*pfqr^`fÇknrbbjmblo^oÄ^`r^kal
[`fWdhW`U[a`We6x:go^eWdqS^SUa`eWUgW`' ilpmob`flpfkqbok^`flk^ibpbjmfb`bk^_^g^ovbi
U[S [`_WV[SfSe[W^ 9:IG`a[`fWdh[`[WdS6 qfm l ab`^j_flpbjrbs^bkafob``fÇklmrbpq^*
&sbodo}cf`l'
IID4 Bbpab /77. qbkbjlp rk o~dfjbk `^j+
_f^alabcilq^`fÇk^ajfkfpqo^a^*bpqlbpnrbbi 2( CS Ud[e[e [`fWd`SU[a`S^ We W^ YdS` fW_S
kfsbiabiqfmlab`^j_flklpbbk`rbkqo^mobab+ W` ^Se `af[U[Se WUa`s_[USe VW^ _g`Va(
qbojfk^almlobi@^k`lAbkqo^ivpbcloj^mloi^ <j[efW` V[hWdeSe ab[`[a`We( 8^Yg`ae
fkqbo^``fÇkabi^lcboq^vi^abj^ka^*mbol`lk _W`U[a`S`cgW^S[`kWUU[s`VWV[`WdaWe fc
C
i^ mlpf_fifa^a abnrbbi @APN `ljmoblsbka^ es^a g`S _S`WdS VWYS`Sdf[W_ba& afdae
aÇi^obpbkbpqbjbo`^alm^o^bsfq^ork^sli^qfif+ eWrS^S` cgW W^ bd[`U[bS^ dWfa We dWea^hWd .0
M-
a^abu`bpfs^bkbiqfm l ab`^j_fl,Cij lqfslab ^aebdaT^W_SeX[eUS^WeUdWSVaeVgdS`fW^S fc
bpq^ fkqbosbk`fÇkbpal_ib,Nlork i^alpbqo^q^ Ud[e[e(<`egab[`[s`&x^SeS^[VSVW^SUd[e[e ug
!

abbsfq^onrb rk^rj bkql^_ormqlabiqfmlab hS S eWd _oe XoU[^ VW ^a cgW eW bW`eSTS6 .0
<
`^j_fl mlkd^ bk mbifdol i^ bpq^_fifa^a cfk^k+ xGadcgp<gdabS&WebWUqX[US_W`fW<ebSrS& A
`fbo^ mlobiabqboflolabi^`^ifa^a`obafqf`f^ab eW W`UgW`fdS bSeS`Va g`S e[fgSU[s` fS` Tfc

i^pabra^pbk aÇi^obp,Ckpbdrkalq~ojfkl*i^p WjfdW_SdWebWUfaS^bSYaVWegeVWgVSe6 .0

M-
`ljmo^p ab aÇi^obp abi @^k`l mboj fqbk ^`r+ M
DH
jri^o obpbos^p fkqbok^`flk^ibp m^o^ cloq^ib`bo IID4J^ ib``fÇknrbklpabg^i^p`ofpfpcfk^k`fb+ E0
i^mlpf_fifa^aab^`qr^`fÇk^kqbrk^`ofpfpbki^ o^pvab abra^ bk Cpq^alp Skfalpv Crolm^ bp .0
O
nrb e^v^ nrb molsbboifnrfabwpfpq~jf`^ `ljl nrbklpbab_babg^o`ob`boilpabp`^i`bpcfk^k+ O0
#O
mlaoÄ^pbobkjbaflabrk^`ofpfpfkqbok^`flk^i, `fbolpmofs^alpvmÉ_if`lp,J^p`ofpfpcfk^k`fbo^p fa
fc
J^p fkqbosbk`flkbp`^j_f^oÄ^p pb bgb`rq^k mlo qfbkbk rk fjm^`ql kbd^qfsl aro^abolpl_ob i^ 7/
M
jbafl ab mi^q^cloj^p bib`qoÇkf`^p `fbd^p* bk ^`qfsfa^ab`lkÇjf`^ mlonrbabg^k^bjmobp^p .1
bi pbkqfal nrb pb `ljmo^ pfbjmob ^ i^ jbglo vc^jfif^pprj^jbkqb bkabra^a^p* i^pnrb kl
mlpqro^ pfk `lkl`bopb ab ^kqbj^kl ^ nrb bk+ mrbabk obfkf`f^o prp lmbo^`flkbp kloj ^ibp *,
ug
!
qfa^a pb`ljmo^, Ck bi mboÄlalab _lk^kw^ ab jfbkqo^p kl ob`ljmlkd^k prp _^i^k`bp, L^+ M
W
mob`flp fkqbok^`flk^ibp v ab crboqb fkcirgl ab qro^ijbkqb* bi i^al ob^i ab i^ b`lkljÄ^ prcob 
fc
M
^
fc
I<J<IM8J@EK<IE8:@FE8C<JE<K8J ug
fc
&jfiilkbpSQ"'
C3
^<
00 02- fc
0- 33+ !

ñ<
M'
AÜ

-+ +30 -- +-/
MÄ
05467 e  Ñ
+1,1/ [  [

G
8 7 8 7 )
3+2- 2 .*. 2 +2* 2 0+- 3/32 +*+3.
Q
[  ~ Ü  ^  [ ^ [ #
+332 +333 ,*** ,**+ ,**, ,**- ,**. ,**/ ,**0 ,**1 ,**2 ,**3 ,*+* ,*++ ,*+, Bb](,*+-

Ci m^mbi abi @APN bk i^ b ` l k l jÄ ^ m b o r ^ k ^ v m o l k Ç p q f ` l p b ` l k Ç j f ` l p m^o ^ bi NboÉ

 mloi^ ml`^ `^m^`fa^a abbum^kafobid^pqlab
`lkprjllabfksbopfÇkv* mblo^Ék*pf i^ `^m^+
`fa^aabd^pqlmÉ_if`liibdÇ^iiÄjfqbfjmrbpql
mlo ilp jbo`^alp m^o^ cfk^k`f^o pr abra^, Ck
bpqb bkqlokl bp kb`bp^ofl e^`bo`^j_flp m^o^
e^`boj}p`ljmbqfqfs^^i^b`lkljÄ^jbaf^kqb
obcloj^pbpqor`qro^ibpm^o^bifjfk^oqo^_^p^i^
bcf`fbk`f^abilpjbo`^alp,Jlnrbe^keb`elilp
_^k`lp`bkqo^ibpabCpq^alpSkfalpvCrolm^e^
pfalbsfq^ork`li^mplcfk^k`fbolvc^`fifq^ork^
ob`rmbo^`fÇk j}p o}mfa^, Nbolilcrka^jbkq^i
bpobplisboilpmol_ibj^pcfp`^ibpve^`boobclo+
j^pbpqor`qro^ibpm^o^a^oibp`lj mbqfqfsfa^a^
i^pb`lkljÄ^p,
Pbsfpq^ b a fq^ a ^  m l o ^ ir j k l p  ab i^ D ^`riq^a ab B bob`el ab i^ S k fs b op fa ^ a  ab Jfj^
J^afcf`riq^anrbbkcobkq^ki^pb`lkljÄ^pbrol+
mb^pbki^wlk^abiCrol*bpnrbkl`rbkq^k`lk
bi qfmlab`^j_fl`ljls}isri^ abbp`^mbnrb
mbojfq^ ^ pr pb`qloqo^kp^_ibfkqbok^`flk^i d^+
k^o`ljmbqfqfsfa^a*mloilnrbbk`lkpb`rbk`f^
pbsbkclow^a^p^bkcobkq^ork^grpqbpbsbolabi
d^pql mofs^al mlo i^ sÄ^ ab jbklobp objrkb+
o^`flkbpl j^vloabpbjmibl,?pfjfpjl*mloi^
^rpbk`f^abrkbgbcfp`^ivababra^`ljÉk i^p
b`lkljÄ^pabi^mbofcbof^abi^Crolwlk^qfbkbk
nrb ^almq^o mliÄqf`^p cfp`^ibp mol+`Ä`if`^p, J^
c^iq^q^j_f~kabrkbgbabprmbosfpfÇkcfk^k`fbo^
`ljÉkafcf`riq^bimol`bplab^grpqbabi^pbkqf+
a^abpcfk^k`fbo^pbkilpafpqfkqlpm^Äpbp*ilnrb
abjlo^o}^Ék j}pi^ob`rmbo^`fÇkabi`o~afql,
3( x:go^We eWdqS` ege bda`sef[Uae bSdS ^S
e[fgSU[s`bWdgS`SW`WefW,*+-6
PPK8LrbpqolmolkÇpqf`lab`ob`fjfbkqlabiN@G
m^o^ bpqb ^Ål bp ab 4*/#* crka^j bkq^ijbkqb
mlobifjmriplabi^abj^ka^ fkqbok^bk5#,Ci
pb`qlobuqbokl j}p _fbk mobpflk^ ^ i^ _^g^ mlo
jbklobpsliÉjbkbpv mob`flp abbumloq^`fÇk*
il`r^ipbbumif`^mlonrbi^pb`lkljÄ^pabp^ool+
ii^a^p pb jrbsbk mloab_^gl ab pr `^m^`fa^a
mlqbk`f^i v* mlo lqol i^al Aefk^ m^p^ mlo rk
^qboofw^gb ^ q^p^p ab `ob`fjfbkql j}p plpqbkf+
_ibp, J^ fkci^`fÇk bpqb ^Ål pbdrfo} abkqol abi
;>PI=;NOM +,1
o^kdl jbq^ ab /# ^ 1#*`lk rk^ qbkabk`f^ ^
r_f`^opbj}p`bo`^abi`bkqolabbpq^_^ka^,Sk
obql fj mloq^kqbbpj^kqbkbobiafk^jfpjlab
i^ fksbopfÇkabipb`qlomofs^alil`r^i fkslir`o^
^``flkbp`lk`obq^pm^o^bifjfk^oqo^_^pibd^ibp
v_rol`o}qf`^p, Cicfp`lmobpbkq^o}rkprmbo}sfq
00 P b k w l  P l p p f k f  Kf Å } k
jbklo^i abi ^Ål m^p^al mlo bi j^vlo abi
afk^jfpjl abi d^pql* il nrb bp `lkpfpqbk+
qb `lk rk^ pfqr^`fÇk ab a~_fi abj^ka^
buqbok^ v mlonrb bi prmbo}sfq pfdrb ^cf^k+
w^al i^ plifabw cfk^k`fbo^ abi Rbplol mbor^kl,
Dfk^ijbkqb*bi`o~afql^ipb`qlomofs^alpbdrfo}
`ob`fbkal^elo^^q^p^pj}pplpqbkf_ibpab_fal
^i^p^``flkbpabbk`^gb_^k`^ofl^almq^a^pmlo
bi@APN,&sbo`r^aol'
+*( CSeYdS`VWeUd[e[e_g`V[S^Wee[W_bdWZS`
e[Va aUSe[a`SVSe bad Ud[e[e TS`USd[Se(
x:a`e[VWdScgWW` ^SSUfgS^[VSV&^aeTS`'
Uae Wefo` VS`Va _gUZa UdpV[fa [`U^gea
S bWdea`Se Ua` S^fae `[hW^We VW W`VWg'
VS_[W`fa6 xJa_ae g` bSqe cgW h[hW VW^
UdpV[fakcgW^ae b^oef[Uae Wefo`e[W`Va
gf[^[lSVaee[`^SX[eUS^[lSU[s`VWT[VS6
IID4Ci `o~afqlbk bi NboÉ obmobpbkq^qla^sÄ^
rk mlo`bkq^gb jrv _^gl abi kfsbi ab fk d ob +
plp* bi `o~ a fql  bp ^molufj ^a^j bkqb bi 1.#
abi N@G* j bklo^i 14# ab Alilj_f^ l ^i 50#
ab Aefib, Qfk bj_^odl* bp fj m l oq^ kqb  nrb bi
`ob`fj fbkql abi `o~afql kl `obb pfqr^`flkbp
ab pl _obb kabra^j fbkql ab i^p mboplk^p v
bjmobp^p*kfnrbclj bkqbabp`^i`bp`ljlbp
bi `^pl ab ilp `o~afqlp bk aÇi^obp ^ mboplk^p
nrbd^k^kbkplibp,N^obsfq^obpqlbi_^k`le^
bibs^al ilp bk`^gbp _^k`^oflp v i^ Q@Q bufdb
j}p `^mfq^i ^ ilp `o~afqlp `lk abp`^i`bp, Nlo
biil*bi`o~afqlbkaÇi^obppbsfbkbjlabo^kal
o}mfa^j bkqb, J^ ali^ofw^`fÇk abi `o~afql mlo
biil e^ _^g^al^ 21#,
++( :SVSbSqef[W`Weg bdab[SUakg`fgdS&Uae'
fg_TdWe k dWS^[VSV( x:a`e[VWdS cgWWefa
eW hW dWX^W\SVa W` W^ e[efW_S TS`USd[a6
x:go^Weea`^SehW`fS\SekVWehW`fS\SecgW
bdWeW`fS`gWefdae[efW_STS`USd[aXdW`fW
SafdaebSqeWeVWCSf[`aS_pd[US6
IID4 Sk^ pfqr^`fÇk mlpfqfs^ abi NboÉ bp i^`^if+
a^aabi^prmbosfpfÇk _^k`^of^il`r^ipbobcibg^
bk nrb ilp fkaf`^alobpab p^ira abi pfpqbj^cf+
k^k`fbol*bkq~ojfklpab`^mfq^ifw^`fÇk*`^ifa^a
ab i^ `^oqbo^* ifnrfabw*bcf`fbk`f^ v obqloklp* pb
bk`rbkqo^kmlobk`fj^abilpabi^obdfÇk,Nbol
pfk ara^ `lfk`fal bk nrb kl e^v nrb _^g^o i^
dr^oaf^vpbpfd^ j fqfd^kalilpofbpdlp,
 G<IÉ GIFP<::@FE<J,*+-

,*+, ,*+-c

MSd[SU[s` badUW`fgS^dWS^

/, Nolar`ql_orqlGkqbokl 4*1 4*/

0, Bbj^ka^fkqbok^ 5*2 5*.
N& 6\[`bZ\ ]_VcNQ\ 3*6 3*3
O& 6\[`bZ\ ]mOYVP\ /.*3 //*6
P& <[cR_`Vl[ ]_VcNQN SVWN /1*4 6*6
Q& <[cR_`Vl[ ]mOYVPN 0.*6 /1*0
1, Cumloq^`flkbpab_fbkbpvpbosf`flp 2*6 /*4
2, Gjmloq^`flkbpab_fbkbpvpbosf`flp /.*2 5*.
:RM
MSd[SU[s`badUW`fgS^ C
gA
3, Gkci^`fÇk 0*4 0*1 :r
K-
K-
MSd[SU[s` badUW`fgS^`a_[`S^ `]
M
4,Ao~afql^ipb`qlomofs^al /3*3 /2*. MH
<
T
 G9@ 1
bR

5, GksbopfÇk_orq^cfg^ 04*4 05*5 ^f

ug
6,Arbkq^`loofbkqbabi^_^i^kw^abm^dlp +1*4 +2*2 l
&:
7, @^i^kw^`ljbo`f^i 0*1 .*1 r
^f
/.,Pbpriq^alb`lkÇjf`labipb`qlomÉ_if`lklcfk^k`fbol 0*0 .*5 RZ
//,Q^ialababra^mÉ_if`^qlq^i /7*5 /5*5
O
RZ
O
/-Nolvb``fÇk, u`]
Y
rk
r
b_
CXk
`O
m^ri^qfk^jbkqb rk^ jbklo fjmloq^k`f^ bk RZ
Sk^pmb`ql_^pq^kqbmlpfqfslabipfpqbj^cfk^k+ RH
obi^`fÇk^ijbo`^alab`^mfq^ibp, C:
`fbol mbor^kl e^ pfal i^ fk`irpfÇk jf`olcfk^k+ M
T
`fbo^*nrbe^ ildo^alnrbmbnrbÅ^pbjmobp^p Ü
R-
vc^jfif^p ^``ba^ ^i `o~afqlcfk^k`fbol, Ci C`l+ +,( DgUZSehWUWe ^W ZSTdo` ZWUZa WefS bdW' `]
kljfpq e^ bs^ir^al^i^j_fbkqbababp^ooliil Yg`fS(J[W^GWdt&Weg`SVW^SeWefdW^^SeVW^ M
^,
abi^pjf`olcfk^kw^p`ljlbijbgloaro^kqbilp _g`VaW`_SfWd[SWUa`s_[US&xbadcgp^S `]
M
Éiqfjlp^Ålp, V[efd[TgU[s` VW ^S d[cgWlS `a eWfWd_[`S b_
VW Ua`ea^[VSd6xWe dWS^_W`fWg`S TgW`S M
^f
Cp fjmloq^kqbq^j_f~k abpq^`^obi abp^ooliil `af[U[ScgW^SbaTdWlSkWjfdW_SbaTdWlS `]
ab i^ fkqbojbaf^`fÇk afob`q^ bk bi jbo`^al ZSkS`V[e_[`g[VakcgW^SU^SeW_WV[SeW 9
^a
ab `^mfq^ibp nrb sfbkb ab i^ j^kl `lk bi W`UgW`fdWW`Sg_W`fa6 ``
`ob`fjfbkql ab i^p sbkq^p v abi s^ilo ab i^p
bjmobp^p, F^v rk do^k afk^j fpj l bk i^p IID4 BfoÄ^ nrb plk _rbkÄpfj^p klqf`f^p, Ci
oy+
bjfpflkbp ab _lklp v bi cfk^k`f^j fbkql ab `ob`fjfbkqlabi^ molar``fÇkvabi bjmibl e^ :L
clkalpabfksbopfÇk*mol`bplpab^anrfpf`flkbp* pfal ilcrka^jbkq^i m^o^ obar`foi^ ml_obw^ v
vrk^^`qfsfa^a`ob`fbkqbab`^mfq^iabofbpdl*il i^ ml_obw^ buqobj^, J^p ^``flkbp abi Cpq^al
nrbpba^pÇilbkrkbp`bk^oflab`ob`fjfbkql q^j_f~kplkfjmloq^kqbpm^o^pbdrfobpqbmol+ 1
abi^^`qfsfa^abjmobp^of^i,Rlalbpqlklpiibs^ `bplvm^o^fdr^i^oi^plmloqrkfa^abpbkqobilp EO
^ rk jrkalalkabbi`o~afql_^k`^oflqbkao} mbor^klp*bkqobi^pnrbpb`rbkq^ki^bum^kpfÇk

Ci m^mbi  abi  @APN bk i^ b ` l k l jÄ ^  m b o r ^ k ^  v m o l k Ç p q f ` l p  b ` l k Ç j f ` l p  m^o ^ bi NboÉ 01

G
 abi^fkco^bpqor`qro^ab`^oobqbo^p*bib`qof`fa^a*
^dr^vabp^dÑb*a^ork^bar`^`fÇkab`^ifa^a*
^jmif^o i^ `l_boqro^ ab p^ira* a^opbdrofa^a v
grpqf`f^ v* `lk moldo^j^p cl`^ifw^alp* bifjfk^o
ilpmol_ibj^pababpkrqof`fÇk fkc^kqfi,
+-( x H g p da^ a b S b W ^ Xg ` V S _ W ` fS ^ \g W Y S 
W^ ;WdWUZa W` faVae Wefae fW_Se cgW
ZW_ae baV[Va Ua_W`fSd S ^a ^SdYa VW
WefSW`fdWh[efS6JaTdWfaVacgWSZadSW`
^Set^f[_SeVpUSVSeZSkUadd[W`fWeVW`fda
VW ^S VaUfd[`S\gdqV[UScgWSeWYgdS`cgW
^SWUa`a_qSkW^VWdWUZahS`VW^S_S`a(
IID4Kr`e^psb`bpebjlpsfpqlnrbi^fkqbosbk+
Pbsfpq^ b a fq^ a ^  m l o ^ ir j k l p  ab i^ D ^`riq^a ab B bob`el ab i^ S k fs b op fa ^ a  ab Jfj^
`fÇkabi Cpq^albk i^b`lkljÄ^kl pbafpbÅ^ kf
bgb`rq^`lkpfabo^kaljbq^pjbafÇibpvbs^iÉ^+
_ibp*pfklobpriq^kabpboobpmrbpq^^mobpflkbp,
Cpqlklnrfbobab`fonrbkle^v^`^jmlm^o^i^
^``fÇk mÉ_if`^ vnrb kl e^v^ k^a^ nrb e^`bo*
pfklj}p_fbknrbi^pmliÄqf`^pobnrfbobkabrk
af^dkÇpqf`l`lk kÉjbolpnrbklp jrbpqobkbi
mol_ibj^ vrk^ _^pb^k^iÄqf`^ nrb klp lofbkqb
e^`f^ aÇkab mlabj lp fo* bi `Çjl v bk nr~
qfbj ml, N^o^ biil obnrbofjlp i^ `llmbo^`fÇk
ab afpqfkq^p }ob^p molcbpflk^ibp nrb fk`irvbk
pfk ara^ ^ ilp^_ld^alp, Ci `^j_flvi^p obclo+
j^p m^o^ nrb pb^k plpqbkf_ibp kb`bpfq^k rk^
_^pb ibd^i pÇifa^ v`lkpfpqbkqb `lk bi bkqlokl
kloj ^qfsl* ab j^kbo^ nrb rk boolo ibd^i kl
aboof_b^ i^ obcloj^ jfpj^, Sk mol`bplbcb`qf+
slabobcloj^ obnrfbob`li^_lo^`fÇkabpab rk
mofk`fmflvkl`ljlpfcrbo^rkmol`bplbkiÄkb^
bknrbmofjbolilpq~`kf`lpab`fabknrbe^`bov
ilp^_ld^alp_rp`^kmi^pj^oqlalbki^kloj^*
kf q^j ml`l bk bi pbkqfal lmrbpql bk nrb ilp
^_ld^alpvibdfpi^alobpmi^kqbbkkloj^pvilp
q~`kf`lpqbkd^k nrbclow^opr prpqbkql^icfk^i,
Skolifj mloq^kqbab`llmbo^`fÇkbkqob^_ld^+
alpvb`lkljfpq^pbpq^j _f~k i^ fabkqfcf`^`fÇk
ab obdi^p l fkpqfqr`flkbp nrb moljrbs^k nrb
i^p bkqfa^abp mÉ_if`^p v ilp pbosfalobp m É_ if+
`lp qo^_^gbk m^o^ ^i`^kw^o l_gbqfslp v ofka^k
;>PI=;NOM +,1
`rbkq^ ab biil* obdi^p nrb abcfk^k `i^o^jbkqb
il nrb mrbabk v kl mrbabk e^`bo m^o^ bsfq^o
i^ ^o_fqo^ofba^a, Fbjlp e^_i^al ab obdi^p fj+
mloq^kqbpnrbofdbk ^ krbpqo^b`lkljÄ^`ljl
i^ ^rqlkljÄ^ abi @^k`lAbkqo^i* i^ molef_f`fÇk
ab cfk ^ k ` f^ j fb k ql  j l k b q^ ofl  ^i cfp`l* mlo
02 P b k w l  P l p p f k f  Kf Å } k
bgbjmil,Qfk bj_^odl*q^j _f~k sbjlp nrb rk
bu`bplkloj^qfslpl_obi^pbkqfa^abp mÉ_if`^p
qbojfk^k ^pcfuf^kal i^ fkkls^`fÇk v i^ afifdbk+
`f^v`ob^kal ofbpdlp ibd^ibp, Flvbp kb`bp^ofl
_rp`^ork jbglobnrfif_oflbkqobi^pobdi^pvilp
j}odbkbpab^``fÇkbknrbpb jrbsbk ilppbo+
sfalobpmÉ_if`lpm^o^^`^_^o`lkbifkjlsfifpjl
_rol`o}qf`l, Dfk^ijbkqb*`^_oÄ^abpq^`^onrbbi
abp^ooliil ab i^p lmbo^`flkbp abi jbo`^al ab
`^mfq^ibpnrbjbk`flk~^kqbp`ob^jr`eÄpfj^p
lmloqrkfa^abpm^o^ ilp^_ld^alplofbkq^alp^
i^pcfk^kw^p,
+.( xHgpdWUa_W`VSU[a`We^WVSdqSS^SbaT^S'
U[s` WefgV[S`f[^ k\shW`We bdaXWe[a`S^We
cgWS`ZW^S`Ua`eWYg[dfaVSeege_WfSe6
IID4Cpq^mobdrkq^bp`ljmif`^a^vilnrbmrb+
ale^`bobp^a^mq^oilnrbibpafdl^ilpgÇsbkbp
nrbbkqo^k^qo^_^g^o^i@AP8
Nofjbol* nrb abp`r_o^k il nrb ibp ^m^pflk^ v
ibp jlqfs^ ^ bpq^o bk i^ `^oobo^ v qo^_^gl nrb
e^k bibdfal, J^p jlqfs^`flkbp mlabolp^p bp+
q}k bk bp^ ob^ifa^a nrb nrfbobk `^j_f^ov bk
ilp abj}p* j}p nrb bk rkl jfpjl, Qbdrkal*
qo^_^gbkcrboqbm^o^^i`^kw^ojbq^p^j_f`flp^p
^kqbp ab ilp 1., N^ob`b rk mboÄlal jrv i^odl*
mbol ob^ijbkqbbiqfbj mlsrbi^,Rbo`bol* pb^k
ofdrolplp* abp^ooliibk i^ `^m^`fa^a ab e^`bo
mobdrkq^p v ab qbkbo rk loabk iÇdf`l m^o^
cloj ri^o obpmrbpq^p, Ll ^`bmqbk o}mfa^jbkqb
`r^inrfbo bumif`^`fÇk* mbol q^j ml`l ib abk
jr`e^psrbiq^p^ i^p`lp^pmlonrbpb obnrfbob
i^ jbgloobpmrbpq^ `lk i^ fkcloj^`fÇk afpmlkf+
_ib, Ar^oql* bp`r`ebk v^mobka^k ^ qo^_^g^o ^
drpql`lklqo^p mboplk^pablqo^pmolcbpflkbp*
k^`flk^ifa^abp* ba^abp* bq`, Pb`rboabk nrb
ilppb`obqlpab i^ molcbpfÇk klbpq}k bp`ofqlpv
ilp nrb ilp nrb pb ilp mrbabk a^o* pf pb p^_bk
^molufj^o obpmbqrlp^jbkqb* plk `^pf pfbjmob
ilp jr`el j}p j^vlobp nrb rpqbabp, Orfkql*
bumifnrbk _fbkvbcb`qfs^jbkqbprp fab^p*mol+
mrbpq^p*bq`,Pb`rboabknrb kloj^ijbkqb e^v
ml`lqfbj ml m^o^sbkaboilnrbnrbobjlp, J^
gbod^ ab krbpqo^ molcbpfÇk mrbab fjmobpflk^o
pÇil^ krbpqolp`libd^pv^_roofoj}p_fbk^ ilp
nrbsboa^abo^jbkqbqbkbjlp nrb `lksbk`bo,
Qbuql*bibpqraflkrk`^qbojfk^,Cpq~k^`qr^ifw^+
alp*m^oqf`fmbkbkilpbsbkqlpmolcbpflk^ibpj}p
^s^kw^alp,Q~mqfjl*pb^k_^i^k`b^alp,Llqlal Llsbkl*mobm}obkpbvabgbkml`l^i^fjmolsfp^+
bp qo^_^gl v bpqrafl, M`q^sl* bpq~k bkqbo^alp `fÇk,B~`fjl*vilj}pfjmloq^kqb*pb^k^do^ab+
abilnrbm^p^bkbim^Äpvbkbijrkal,Cprk^ `falpv_rpnrbk`loobpmlkaboilnrb i^c^jfif^* < ë

_rbk^cloj^ab`^mq^oofbpdlpvlmloqrkfa^abp, ^jfdlp*molcbplobp*`libd^pvprm^Äpibpe^a^al, Uí
vJJJ
jr

fc
Ü
MH
ûM
M
`]
M

.'
ug
,
03
r
èr
)*
O
GA
ûB
2!
`]
3
r
`]
iT

^f
K-
EM+
l
`
Ü
T-
`]
M
M,
`]
`]
R3
^f
`]
<
E@
``

o+y
AL

t
(
O

Ci m^mb ab @APN bk ^ b ` l k l jÄ ^  m b o r ^ k ^  v m o l k Ç p q f ` l p  b ` l k Ç j f ` l p  m^o^ bi Nbo É 03