INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL

ESCUELA SUPERIOR DE INGENIERÍA MECÁNICA Y EL

UNIDAD AZCAPOTZALCO

MÉTODOS NUMÉRICOS

Ecuaciones diferenciales
(Unidad IV)

Alumno: Juárez García Ramiro Moctezuma

Lima Bernal Brian Daniel

Grupo: 2MM8

Profesora: Barrera Mendoza Rosalina

18 de mayo 2021
NICO NACIONAL
ERÍA MECÁNICA Y ELÉCTRICA
POTZALCO

UMÉRICOS

iferenciales
d IV)

Ramiro Moctezuma
rian Daniel

2MM8

Mendoza Rosalina

o 2021
 Método de Euler

𝑇_(𝑛+1 ) = 𝑇_𝑛 + h 𝑥_(𝑛+1) = 𝑥_𝑛 + h * f (𝑡_𝑛 , 𝑥_𝑛)

T (min) X (kg sal)

0 25
5 225
10 420 Al tiempo de 10 min habra
15 610
20 795
25 975
30 1150
35 1320
40 1485
45 1645
50 1800
55 1950
60 2095 Al tiempo de 60 min habra
 X0 = 25 (kg)

[ 0, 60 ] a= 0
b= 60

𝑑𝑥/𝑑𝑡 = 40 - 0.2 t

h= 5 n=(𝑏− n= 12
𝑎)/ℎ

𝑛 + h * f (𝑡_𝑛 , 𝑥_𝑛)

Al tiempo de 10 min habra 420 kg de sal

Al tiempo de 60 min habra 2095 kg de sal

 Kg SAL
2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
 Método de Ru

t (min) T (°C)
(a b) 0 90
[ 0 6 ] 0.5 83.0104942
Ingresar datos:

1 76.7188911
h= 0.5 1.5 71.0555051
2 65.9576086
n= 12 2.5 61.3687376
3 57.2380657
Y0 = 90 °C 3.5 53.5198417
4 50.1728827
0.5 4.5 47.1601179
0.5 5 44.4481779
0.5 5.5 42.0070253
0.5 6 39.809622
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
Tarda: 6 segundos en llegar a ≈ 40°C
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5 SEGÚN LAS FORMULAS:
0.5 𝑌_(𝑛+1)=𝑌_𝑛+ℎ/6 (𝐾_1+2𝐾_2+2𝐾_3+𝐾_4
0.5 )
0.5

𝐾_1=𝑓(𝑥,𝑦)
𝐾_2=𝑓(𝑥+ℎ/2, 𝑦+ℎ/2∗𝐾_1)
 SEGÚN LAS FORMULAS:
𝑌_(𝑛+1)=𝑌_𝑛+ℎ/6 (𝐾_1+2𝐾_2+2𝐾_3+𝐾_4
)

0.5
0.5 𝐾_1=𝑓(𝑥,𝑦)
0.5
0.5 𝐾_2=𝑓(𝑥+ℎ/2, 𝑦+ℎ/2∗𝐾_1)
0.5 𝐾_3=𝑓(𝑥+ℎ/2, 𝑦+ℎ/2∗𝐾_2)
0.5
0.5 𝐾_4=𝑓(𝑥+ℎ, 𝑦+ℎ∗𝐾_3)
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
Método de Runge-Kutta (RK4)

Y1 Y6
t (min) T (°C) K t (min)
0 90 K1 -14 3
0.005 89.93 K2 -13.986 3.005
0.01 89.86007 K3 -13.972014 3.01
0.02 89.79020993 K4 -13.958041986 3.02

Y2 Y7
t (min) T (°C) K t (min)
0.5 83.01049416783 K1 -12.60209883357 3.5
0.505 82.94748367367 K2 -12.58949673473 3.505
0.51 82.88453618999 K3 -12.576907238 3.51
0.52 82.8216516538 K4 -12.56433033076 3.52

Y3 Y8
t (min) T (°C) K t (min)
1 76.71889107535 K1 -11.34377821507 4
1.005 76.66217218428 K2 -11.33243443686 4.005
1.01 76.60551001209 K3 -11.32110200242 4.01
1.02 76.54890450208 K4 -11.30978090042 4.02

Y4 Y9
t (min) T (°C) K t (min)
1.5 71.05550507585 K1 -10.21110101517 4.5
1.505 71.00444957077 K2 -10.20088991415 4.505
1.51 70.9534451212 K3 -10.19068902424 4.51
1.52 70.90249167608 K4 -10.18049833522 4.52

Y4 Y10
t (min) T (°C) K t (min)
2 65.95760864025 K1 -9.19152172805 5
2.005 65.91165103161 K2 -9.182330206322 5.005
2.01 65.86573938058 K3 -9.173147876116 5.01
2.02 65.8198736412 K4 -9.16397472824 5.02

Y5 Y11
t (min) T (°C) K t (min)
2.5 61.36873758849 K5 -8.273747517697 5.5
2.505 61.3273688509 K6 -8.26547377018 5.505
2.51 61.28604148205 K7 -8.257208296409 5.51
2.52 61.24475544057 K8 -8.248951088113 5.52
 Y6
T (°C) K
57.23806569357 K9 -7.447613138714
57.20082762788 K10 -7.440165525575
57.16362680025 K11 -7.43272536005
57.12646317345 K12 -7.42529263469

Y7
T (°C) K
53.51984173152 K1 -6.703968346303
53.48632188978 K2 -6.697264377957
53.45283556789 K3 -6.690567113579
53.41938273233 K4 -6.683876546465

Y8
T (°C) K
50.17288274186 K1 -6.034576548373
50.14270985912 K2 -6.028541971824
50.11256714926 K3 -6.022513429852
50.08245458211 K4 -6.016490916423

Y9
T (°C) K
47.16011788618 K1 -5.432023577237
47.1329577683 K2 -5.42659155366
47.10582481053 K3 -5.421164962106
47.07871898572 K4 -5.415743797144

Y10
 T (°C) K
44.44817785236 K1 -4.889635570472
44.42372967451 K2 -4.884745934901
44.39930594483 K3 -4.879861188966
44.37490663889 K4 -4.874981327777

Y11
T (°C) K
42.00702525686 K1 -4.401405051372
41.9850182316 K2 -4.39700364632
41.96303321337 K3 -4.392606642674
41.94107018016 K4 -4.388214036031
 dT/dt = - k ( T - Ta )
100

90

80

70

60
temperatura ( °C )

50

40

30

20

10

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6

tiempo ( min )