EJERCICIO N°3

x x

V BORDE= 0.25m X 0.45m columnas=

V INTERIOR= 0.25m X 0.45m
Recubrimiento
1.-PREDIMENSIONAMIENTO

Paño Ln/40 P/180 h(Asumido)

I 0.15 0.13 17.50 cm espesor de losa =

DESARROLLO:

2.- METRADO DE CARGAS

CARGA PERMANENTE
Peso propio de la losa : 420 kg/m2
Tabiquería : 200 kg/m2
Carga Muerta : 100 kg/m2
Total CM : 720 kg/m2

SOBRECARGA
 CV : 250 kg/m2

CARGA ÚLTIMA TOTAL: 1.4 x 720 + 1.7

CM MAYORADA : Wum = 1008 kg/m2

CV MAYORADA : Wuv = 425 kg/m2

f'c = 280 kg/cm2

fy = 3500 kg/cm2
b= 100 cm
d'= 14.705 cm
h= 17.5 cm
Cálculamos la carga:

EVALUAMOS EN DIRECCIÓN B:

PAÑO II
Momentos Negativos
m = B/A Coef. Negativos
5.38 m
0.95 Sup 0.050
5.500 m

A 0.90 Inf. 0.055

II A
Coef. 0.052
0.98
0.95 Sup 0.05
B B 0.90 Inf. 0.045
Coef. 0.048

Momentos Positivos
Coef. Positivos Cargas
m = B/A
Cm Cv WUM WUV
0.65 Sup 0.032 0.032
A 0.60 Inf. 0.035 0.029 1008 425
Coef. 0.033 0.031
0.98
0.95 Sup 0.027 0.032
B 0.90 Inf. 0.024 0.029 1008 425
Coef. 0.026 0.031

ENTONCES, en B:
0.048 x Wu x 30.25 =
Wu =
Wu =
 APLICAMOS PORTICO EQUIVALENTE:

CALCULO DE DEFLEXIONES:

α1

α4 5.500m III

5.375m
α3

Cálculamos:

Luz libre mayor 5.50

β = = = 1.02325581395349
Luz libre menor 5.38

ln = Luz libre mayor = 5.50

Losa sin vigas, αm = 0.

Se tiene por abacos: Paño exterior con viga de borde:

Paño interior: h = Ln/33

Asuminos h= 0.175 m h = 0.175

Entonces:

CÁLCULO DE CORTANTE:

Ø= 5/8

d = 20.00 - 2.000 - 1.5875 = 17.206 cm

2

Vu
 Vu
Vud Vu

Por semejanza de triángulos:

d 2.340
t/2
2.688
Cortante tomado por el concreto:

5.375m
Vn
Vn
0.35m
𝑉𝑐=0.53∗√(𝑓^′ 𝑐)∗𝑏∗𝑑

ØVc > Vud Vc

12971 > 3353.8 Vu
Vu
Entonces: SI CUMPLE!

DETERMINACION DE LOS ELEMENTOS DEL MARCO EQUIVALENTE

A.- RIGIDEZ A FLEXIÓN DE LA VIGA-LOSA (Ksb) EN AMBOS EXTREMOS

Tramo 1-2: Longitud L1 = 5.375 m

CN1 = 0.35 m CF1 = 0.35 m CF1/CN1

CN2 = 0.35 m CF2 = 0.35 m CF1/CN1

5.375 m
0.18 m

De la tabla 1 - Constantes de distribución de moment

ITERACIONES:
CN1/L1 CN2/L2
CN1 0.35 0.000
= = 0.065
L1 5.375m 0.00 0.064
0.100
CN2 0.35 0.065 0.064
= = 0.064
 = = 0.064
L2 5.500m 0.000
0.10 0.064
Coef. de rigidez: KNF = 4.075 0.100
Factor de Transporte: CNF = 0.504
Coef. M° Empotramiento: mNF = 0.0839

Momento de empotramiento:
𝐹𝐸𝑀(1−2)=𝑚_𝑁𝐹∗𝑊𝑢∗ 〖𝐿 1 〗 ^2∗𝑏
FEM (1-2) = 18.67 Tn-m

Rigidez: 𝐾_𝑁𝐹=(𝑘_𝑁𝐹∗𝐸𝑐∗𝐼𝑠𝑏)/𝐿1
= 456758721.45 kg-cm

Ec = 15000*(f'c^0.5) = 250998.01 kg/cm2

IS = 0.002 m4
IS = 240055.34 cm4

Tramo 2-3: Longitud L1 = 5.050 m

CN1 = 0.35 m CF1 = 0.35 m CF1/CN1

CN2 = 0.35 m CF2 = 0.35 m CF1/CN1

5.050 m
0.18 m

De la tabla 1 - Constantes de distribución de moment

ITERACIONES:

CN1/L1 CN2/L2
CN1 0.35 0.000
= = 0.069
L1 5.05 0.00 0.069
0.100
CN2 0.35 0.069 0.069
= = 0.069
L2 5.05 0.000
0.10 0.069
Coef. de rigidez: KNF = 4.086 0.100
Factor de Transporte: CNF = 0.505
Coef. M° Empotramiento: mNF = 0.0840

Momento de empotramiento:
𝐹𝐸𝑀(2−3)=𝑚_𝑁𝐹∗𝑊𝑢∗ 〖𝐿 1 〗 ^2∗𝑏
FEM (2-3) = 15.50 Tn-m
 Rigidez: 𝐾_𝑁𝐹=(𝑘_𝑁𝐹∗𝐸𝑐∗𝐼𝑠𝑏)/𝐿1
= 458089831.27 kg-cm

Ec = 15000*(f'c^0.5) = 250998.01 kg/cm2

IS = 0.002 m4
IS = 225540.36 cm4

Tramo 3-4: Longitud L1 = 5.075 m

CN1 = 0.35 m CF1 = 0.35 m CF1/CN1

CN2 = 0.35 m CF2 = 0.35 m CF1/CN1

5.075 m

0.18 m
De la tabla 1 - Constantes de distribución de moment
ITERACIONES:
CN1/L1 CN2/L2
CN1 0.35 0.000
= = 0.069
L1 5.075 0.00 0.069
0.100
CN2 0.35 0.069 0.069
= = 0.069
L2 5.075 0.000
0.10 0.069
Coef. de rigidez: KNF = 4.086 0.100
Factor de Transporte: CNF = 0.505
Coef. M° Empotramiento: mNF = 0.0840

Momento de empotramiento:
𝐹𝐸𝑀(3−4)=𝑚_𝑁𝐹∗𝑊𝑢∗ 〖𝐿 1 〗 ^2∗𝑏
FEM (3-4) = 15.73 Tn-m

Rigidez: 𝐾_𝑁𝐹=(𝑘_𝑁𝐹∗𝐸𝑐∗𝐼𝑠𝑏)/𝐿1
= 457994575.35 kg-cm
Ec = 15000*(f'c^0.5) = 250998.01 kg/cm2
IS = 0.002 m4
IS = 226656.90 cm4

B.- RIGIDEZ A FLEXIÓN DE LAS COLUMNAS (Kc)

COLUMNA EXTERIOR
Tramo inferior B-C:
 tc
ta = 8.75 cm

A tbi/tc =

Tomar:
H= 2.98 m

Hc = 2.80 m
H
Hc

tbs = 8.75 cm
En tabla 7:
tb i
= 8.75 cm

B
H/Hc
1.050
Hc = 2.80 m
H= 2.98 m

1.063
1.100

KBC=kBC x Ec x Ic / H
C tc = 8.75 cm Ic
Ec
KBC

Tramo superior B-A:

En tabla 7:
ta = 8.75 tbs = 8.8 H/Hc kBA
1.050 4.52
1.063 4.663
tbs/ta = 1.00
1.100 5.09

H 2.98 KBA=kBA x Ec x Ic / H
= = 1.063
Hc 2.80 Ic = 125052.08 cm4
Ec = 250998.01 kg/cm2
KBA = 491918415.14 kg-cm

COLUMNA INTERIOR

ta = 8.75 cm
A
H= 2.98 m

Hc = 2.80 m

tbs = 8.75 cm
tb i
= 8.75 cm
B
H= 2.98 m

Hc = 2.80 m

C tc = 8.75 cm

Tramo superior B-A:

En tabla 7:
ta = 8.75 tbs = 8.8
H/Hc kBA CBA
1.050 4.52 0.54
tbs/ta = 1.00
1.063 4.663 0.55
1.100 5.09 0.57
H 2.98
= = 1.063
Hc 2.80 KBA=kBA x Ec x Ic / H
Ic = 125052.08 cm4
Ec = 250998.01 kg/cm2
KBA = 491918415.14 kg-cm

C.- RIGIDEZ A TORSIÓN (Kt) 𝐾𝑡=∑▒(9∗𝐸𝑠∗𝐶)/(𝐿2∗(1−𝑐2/𝐿2)^3 )

𝐶=∑▒ 〖 (1−0.63∗𝑋/𝑌)∗(𝑋^3∗𝑌)/3 〗

COLUMNA EXTERIOR

0.25 m 0.28 m X = 25.00 cm

C1
Y =
0.28 m 0.18 m

45.00 cm
0.45 m

X = 17.50 cm
C2
Y = 27.50 cm
 0.25 m
ΣC'

0.53 m X = 27.50 cm
C1
Y =

0.28 m 0.18 m
25.00 cm
0.45 m

X = 17.50 cm
C2
Y = 52.50 cm
0.25 m
ΣC''

C2 = 35.00 cm De ΣC' y ΣC'' se toma el mayor

C
L2 = 280.00 cm valor

Kt
COLUMNA INTERIOR

0.53 m X = 17.50 cm
C1
Y =
0.18 m

52.50 cm

ΣC'

C2 = 35.00 cm De ΣC' y ΣC'' se toma el mayor

valor
C
L2 = 280.00 cm

Kt

D.- RIGIDEZ DE COLUMNA EQUIVALENTE (Ke) 𝐾𝑒=(∑▒𝐾𝑐∗∑▒𝐾𝑡)/(∑▒𝐾𝑐+∑▒𝐾𝑡)

COLUMNA EXTERIOR

983836830.3 * 4378207072.53768
Ke = = 803320794.58
983836830.3 + 4378207072.53768

COLUMNA INTERIOR

983836830.3 * 1784595836.59718
Ke = = 634204014.50
983836830.3 + 1784595836.59718

RESUMEN DE RIGIDICES

1 2 3
 803320795 634204015 634204015 803320795

456758721.45 458089831.27 457994575.35

E.- FACTORES DE DISTRIBUCIÓN (DF)

456758721.447986 456758721.447986
DF (1-2) = = 0.362 DF (2-1) =
1260079516 1549052567

458089831.269304 458089831.269304
DF (2-3) = = 0.296 DF (3-2) =
1549052567 1550288421

457994575.352855 457994575.352855
DF (3-4) = = 0.295 DF (4-3) =
1550288421 1261315370

F.- ANÁLISIS DEL PORTICO EQUIVALENTE

Determinación de las cargas .-

Aplicamos Método de H. Cross

Franja = 5.375 m Wu = 1433.00 kg/m2 Carga lineal

1 5.38 m 2 5.05 m 3 5.08 m

-0.362 -0.2948633 -0.2957 -0.295487 -0.2954254 -0.363

CNF 0.504 0.505 0.505

MNF 15.73 -15.727 15.497 -15.497346 15.727 -15.7274076184422
-5.701 -2.874 0.4633934 -0.103406545894343
0.461 0.915 0.918 -0.205 -0.205 5.748
-0.167 -0.0843 -0.1034 0.0280297 2.9015 -0.4368
0.028 0.0554 0.0555 -0.8656355 -0.865455548 0.1586
-0.010 -0.0051 -0.4370 0.065994 0.0801 -0.0218
0.1304 0.1307 -0.0431586 -0.043149644 0.0079

Mo- 10.338 -17.590 16.061 -16.054 17.595 -10.375

Mo+
13.852 8.4963334 10.812386

Vu 22.0492 -19.351 19.447 -19.450 18.12194005 -20.968

G.- DIAGRAMA DE MOMENTOS DE FLEXIÓN

-16.054 17.595
-17.590 16.061 -10.375

10.338

13.852
8.4963334 10.812386

H.- DIAGRAMA DE ESFUERZOS CORTANTES

22.049 19.447 18.122

-19.351
-19.450 -20.968

I.- DIAGRAMA DE MOMENTOS REDUCIDOS A LA CARA DE LA COLUMNA

TRAMO 1-2 TRAMO 2-3

22.049 Vx sup 19.447 Vx sup

Mo Mo
10.338 16.061
Mo
-17.590
c1= 0.18 m c1=
c2= 0.18 m Vx inf 19.35102 c2=
c1 c2 c1

5.38m 5.05m

Vx= 20.701 Vx= 18.003 Vx= 18.099

 MX= 6.598 MX= -14.32142 MX= 12.776

14.321 12.776 12.768 14.542

6.598

13.852 8.4963334 10.812386

J.- DISTRIBUCIÓN DE LOS MOMENTOS DEL PÓRTICO ENTRE LAS FRANJAS

Determinación del parámetro βt .- Para la determinación de los momentos en las franja de columna se hace uso de los porcentaje
una losa sin vigas los valores de α1 l2/l1= 0

El valor de C; se toma del análisis de rigidez a torsión de la columna exterior:

C = 181775.65
𝜷_𝒕=(𝑬𝒄𝒃∗𝑪)/(𝟐∗𝑬𝒄𝒔∗𝑰𝒔) Is es la inercia de la losa para un ancho de:

βt = 0.370

Inercia de la viga de borde , considerando un ancho colaborante de la losa , y empleando los gráficos se obtiene :
Para α borde: Como es simetrica la edificación en el eje x, sera igual en el otro borde.

a = 0.45 m
b = 0.25 m a/h = 2.57
f1 = 1.38
h = 0.18 m b/h = 1.43
l = 5.38 m

Entonces:
α = b * ( a )3 * f αbor = 1.090
l h

CUADRO DE MOMENTOS

TRAMOS MOMENTOS βt ∞1 l2/l1 l2/l1 %

Mo- Izquierda 6.598 0.370 1.116 1.02325581 96.197
TRAMO 1-2

Mo Derecha
-
14.321 0.00 0.000 1.02325581 75.000
 TRAMO 1-2
Mo+ 13.852 0.00 0.000 1.02325581 60.000

Mo- Izquierda 12.776 0.00 0.000 1.08910891 75.000

TRAMO 2-3

Mo Derecha
-
12.768 0.00 0.000 1.08910891 75.000
Mo+ 8.496 0.00 0.000 1.08910891 60.000

Mo- Izquierda 14.542 0.00 0.000 1.08374384 75.000

TRAMO 3-4

Mo Derecha
-
6.823 0.370 1.182 1.08374384 95.928
Mo+ 10.812 0.00 0.000 1.08374384 60.000

Iteraciones para % :
Mo- en Apoyos Exterior
Mo- en Apoyos Interiores Mo- en Apoyos Interiores ∞1 l2/l1
∞1 l2/l1 l2/l1 % ∞1 l2/l1 l2/l1 % βt
1.000 75.00 1.000 75.00
0.00 1.023 75.000 0.00 1.0891 75.000 0.00
2.000 75.00 2.000 75.00
0.000 1.023 75.000 0.000 1.0891 75.000 0.370
1.000 75.00 1.000 75.00
1.00 1.023 74.302 1.00 1.0891 72.327 2.50
2.000 45.00 2.000 45.00

Mo+ Mo+ Mo- en Apoyos Exterior

∞1 l2/l1 l2/l1 % ∞1 l2/l1 l2/l1 % ∞1 l2/l1
1.000 60.00 1.000 60.00 βt
0.00 1.023 60.000 0.00 1.0891 60.000
2.000 60.00 2.000 60.00 0.00
0.000 1.023 60.000 0.000 1.0891 60.000
1.000 75.00 1.000 75.00 0.370
1.00 1.023 74.302 1.00 1.0891 72.327
2.000 45.00 2.000 45.00 2.50

K.- DISEÑO DEL REFUERZO

Franja de Columna
b = 5.50 cm As mín = 0.0018 x d x
f'c = 280 kg/cm2 As mín = 0.17 cm 2

fy = 3500 kg/cm2
d = 17.206 cm Ø3/8 @ 22.92 cm
 a = 0.46 cm
Mu mín = 91.1028185 kg - m Se toma Ø3/8 @ 22.50 cm

Franja Central
b = 100.00 cm As mín = 0.0018 x h x
f'c = 280 kg/cm2 As mín = 3.15 cm 2

fy = 3500 kg/cm2
d = 17.206 cm Ø3/8 @ 22.54 cm
h = 17.50 cm
a = 0.46 cm
Mu mín = 1684.3079 kg - m Se toma Ø3/8 @ 22.50 cm

FRANJA DE COLUMNA
Mu (Tn-m) As As diseño Acero Ø @ cm
6.347 11.867 11.87 Ø5/8 0.00 cm
10.741 20.083 20.08 Ø3/4 0.00 cm
8.311 15.540 15.54 Ø5/8 0.00 cm
9.582 17.916 17.92 Ø3/4 0.00 cm
9.576 17.905 17.90 Ø3/4 0.00 cm
5.098 9.532 9.53 Ø5/8 0.00 cm
10.907 20.393 20.39 Ø5/8 0.00 cm
6.545 12.238 12.24 Ø5/8 0.00 cm
6.487 12.130 12.13 Ø5/8 0.00 cm

FRANJA CENTRAL
Mu (Tn-m) As As diseño Acero Ø @ cm
0.251 0.469 3.15 Ø5/8 62.50 cm
3.580 6.696 6.70 Ø3/8 10.00 cm
5.541 10.362 10.36 Ø5/8 17.50 cm
3.194 5.973 5.97 Ø3/4 47.50 cm
3.192 5.970 5.97 Ø3/4 47.50 cm
3.399 6.356 6.36 Ø5/8 30.00 cm
3.636 6.799 6.80 Ø5/8 27.50 cm
0.278 0.520 3.15 Ø5/8 62.50 cm
4.325 8.089 8.09 Ø5/8 22.50 cm
 x

columnas= 0.35m x 0.35m

ento = 2 cm

0.175m
 x 250 = 1433 kg/m2

Øs : As
3/8 0.71
1/2 1.27
5/8 1.98
3/4 2.85
7/8 3.87
1 5.07
1 1/8 6.41
1 1/4 7.92
1 3/8 9.58
1 1/2 11.40

Negativos
Wu (kg/m2) Luz (m) Mo (-) kg.m

1433 5.38 2152.81

1433 5.50 2080.72

Momentos Mo (+) Total (kg-

Luz (m) m)
Mcm Mcv

5.38 961.02 380.63 1341.65

5.50 792.79 398.54 1191.34

2.08 T.m
1.433
1433.00 Kg/m2
 Luz libre mayor
5.500m
α2
Luz libre menor
5.375m

25581395349

h= Ln/33 = 0.167 m
= 0.167 m

0.175 m < 0.1750 m

SI CUMPLE!

b = 1.00 m
 = 1 x 2.688 x 1433.00
= 3851.1875 kg

ejanza de triángulos:

Vu 2.69
=
Vud 2.34

Vud = 3353.846938 kg

tomado por el concreto:

Vu = ØVn

Vn = Vs + Vc
Vn = Vc

0.53∗√(𝑓^′ 𝑐)∗𝑏∗𝑑

Vc = 15259.53 kg
Vu = ØVc
Vu = 12970.60 kg Tabla 1

Eje 3
Tabla 1

= 1 ≈ 1
= 1 ≈ 1

tes de distribución de momentos para vigas -

CN2/L2 KNF CNF mNF

0.000 4.00 0.50 0.0833
0.064 4.000 0.500 0.0833
0.100 4 0.5 0.0833
0.064 4.075 0.504 0.0839
 0.000 4.00 0.50 0.0833
0.064 4.115 0.506 0.0842
0.100 4.18 0.51 0.0847

7 Tn-m

= 1 ≈ 1
= 1 ≈ 1

tes de distribución de momentos para vigas -

CN2/L2 KNF CNF mNF

0.000 4.00 0.50 0.0833
0.069 4.000 0.500 0.0833
0.100 4 0.5 0.0833
0.069 4.086 0.505 0.0840
0.000 4.00 0.50 0.0833
0.069 4.125 0.507 0.0843
0.100 4.18 0.51 0.0847

0 Tn-m
 = 1 ≈ 1
= 1 ≈ 1

tes de distribución de momentos para vigas -

CN2/L2 KNF CNF mNF

0.000 4.00 0.50 0.0833
0.069 4.000 0.500 0.0833
0.100 4 0.5 0.0833
0.069 4.086 0.505 0.0840
0.000 4.00 0.50 0.0833
0.069 4.124 0.507 0.0843
0.100 4.18 0.51 0.0847

3 Tn-m
 = 8.75 tbi = 8.75

tbi/tc = 1.00

tbi/tc = 1

2.98
= = 1.06
2.80

En tabla 7:

H/Hc kBC CBC

1.050 4.52 0.54
1.063 4.663 0.55
1.100 5.09 0.57

KBC=kBC x Ec x Ic / H
= 125052.08 cm4
= 250998.01 kg/cm2
= 491918415.14 kg-cm

CBA
0.54
0.55
0.57

g-cm

Tramo inferior B-C:

tc = 8.8 tbi = 8.8

tbi/tc = 1.00
 Tomar: tbi/tc = 10

H 2.98
= = 1.063
Hc 2.80

En tabla 7:

H/Hc kBC CBC

1.050 4.52 0.54
1.063 4.663 0.55
1.100 5.09 0.57

KBC=kBC x Ec x Ic / H
Ic = 125052.08 cm4
Ec = 250998.01 kg/cm2
KBC = 491918415.14 kg-cm

g-cm

0.63∗𝑋/𝑌)∗(𝑋^3∗𝑌)/3 〗

= 152343.75

= 29431.90
= 181775.65

= 53205.34

= 74093.36

= 127298.70

= 181775.65

= 2189103536.27

= 74093.36

= 74093.36

= 74093.36

= 892297918.30

4
 803320795

456758721.447986
= 0.295
1549052567

458089831.269304
= 0.295
1550288421

457994575.352855
= 0.363
1261315370

ga lineal = 7.70 Tn/m

𝑀^+=((𝑊𝑢(𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑙)∗ 〖𝑙𝑢〗 ^2)/8)−((𝑎𝑏𝑠(𝑊𝑖)+𝑎𝑏𝑠(𝑊𝑗))/2)
4
-0.363
𝑉𝑢𝑖𝑗=((𝑊𝑢∗𝐿𝑢𝑖𝑗)/2)−((𝑀𝑖𝑗+𝑀𝑗𝑖)/𝐿𝑢𝑖𝑗)

274076184422
406545894343 𝑉𝑢𝑗𝑖=−((𝑊𝑢∗𝐿𝑢𝑗𝑖)/2)−((𝑀𝑖𝑗+𝑀𝑗𝑖)/𝐿𝑢𝑗𝑖)
5.748
-0.4368
0.1586
-0.0218
0.0079

-10.375

-20.968
0.375

0.968

TRAMO 2-3 TRAMO 3-4

18.122 Vx sup

Mo
17.595
Mo Mo
-16.054 -10.375
0.18 m c1= 0.18 m
0.18 m Vx inf 19.45 c2= 0.18 m Vx inf 20.9676
c2 c1 c2

5.05m 5.08m

Vx= 18.10207202 Vx= 16.774 Vx= 19.620

 MX= -12.768 MX= 14.542 MX= -6.8232

6.823

e hace uso de los porcentajes de repartición.Para

l2 = 5.500 m
h = 0.18 m
Is = 245638.02 cm4

Mo F. COLUMNAS Mo. F. CENTRAL

6.347 0.251
10.741 3.580
 8.311 5.541

9.582 3.194
9.576 3.192
5.098 3.399

10.907 3.636
6.545 0.278
6.487 4.325

Mo- en Apoyos Exteriores

∞1 l2/l1 = 1.116 > 1
βt l2/l1 %
1.000 100.00
0.00 1.0233 100.000
2.000 100.00
0.370 1.0233 96.197
1.000 75.00
2.50 1.0233 74.302
2.000 45.00

Mo- en Apoyos Exteriores Mo+

∞1 l2/l1 = 0.000 > 1 ∞1 l2/l1 l2/l1 %
βt l2/l1 % 1.000 60.00
1.000 100.00 0.00 1.0837 60.000
0.00 1.0837 100.000 2.000 60.00
2.000 100.00 0.000 1.0837 60.000
0.370 1.0837 95.928 1.000 75.00
1.000 75.00 1.00 1.0837 72.488
2.50 1.0837 72.488 2.000 45.00
2.000 45.00

92 cm
50 cm

54 cm

50 cm