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Entonces:
𝑑𝑦 𝑑
𝑦′ = = (𝑥 5 − 𝑥 4 + 𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 1) = 5𝑥 4 − 4𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1 - 0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦′ 𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑
𝑦 ′′ = = = (5𝑥 4 − 4𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1) = 20𝑥 3 − 12𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 – 2 + 0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
2. 𝑦 = √32 − 𝑥 2 = √9 − 𝑥 2
𝑑𝑦 𝑑 1 𝑑
𝑦′ = = ( √9 − 𝑥 2 ) = . (9 − 𝑥 2 )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2√9 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
1 −𝑥
= (0 − 2𝑥) =
2√9− 𝑥2 √9− 𝑥2
1 𝑑 1
√9− 𝑥 2 .(−1) + 𝑥 ( . (9− 𝑥 2 ) ) − √9− 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 ( .(− 2𝑥))
2√9− 𝑥2 𝑑𝑥 2√9− 𝑥2
= =
9− 𝑥 2 9− 𝑥2
𝑥2 − (9− 𝑥2 )− 𝑥2 − 9+ 𝑥2−𝑥2
−√9− 𝑥 2 − 1⁄2
√9− 𝑥2 √9− 𝑥2 (9− 𝑥2) −9
=
9− 𝑥 2 = 9− 𝑥2
= 9− 𝑥 2
= (9− 𝑥 2 )3⁄2
= −9. (9 − 𝑥 2 )−3⁄2
1
1
3. 𝑦 =
√1− 𝑥2
− 1⁄2 − 1⁄2
y = 1. (1 − 𝑥2 ) = ( 1 − 𝑥2 ) , entonces lo derivamos como 𝑢 𝑛
1 − 3⁄2 𝑑 1 − 3⁄2
𝑦′ = − ( 1 − 𝑥2 ) ( 1 − 𝑥2 ) = − ( 1 − 𝑥 2 ) . (−2𝑥)
2 𝑑𝑥 2
2𝑥 − 3 ⁄2 − 3⁄2
= ( 1 − 𝑥2 ) = 𝑥. (1 − 𝑥2 )
2
Ahora para la segunda derivada, utilizamos la derivada de un producto:
3𝑥 − 5 ⁄2 − 3⁄2
= − 2
( 1 − 𝑥2 ) (−2𝑥) + (1 − 𝑥2 )
− 5⁄2 − 3 ⁄2
= 3𝑥 2 (1 − 𝑥2 ) + ( 1 − 𝑥2 )
4. y + x = x.y
Esta función lo podemos derivar implícitamente o también se puede factorizar la variable y en términos
de x de la ecuación.
y–xy=-x
y ( 1 – x) = - x
−𝑥
y= , ahora lo derivamos como cociente:
1−𝑥
𝑑 𝑑
(1 − 𝑥 ). (− 𝑥 ) − (−𝑥 ). ( )
′ 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 1 − 𝑥 (1 − 𝑥 )(− 1) + 𝑥 (− 1)
𝑦 = =
(1 − 𝑥 )2 (1 − 𝑥 )2
−1+𝑥−𝑥 1
= = −
(1 − 𝑥 ) 2 (1 − 𝑥 )2
= −2 (1 − 𝑥)−3
5. 𝑦 = 𝑥 2. 𝑒 𝑥
𝑑 𝑥 𝑑
𝑦′ = 𝑥 2 . (𝑒 ) + 𝑒 𝑥 . (𝑥 2 ) = 𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒 𝑥 (2𝑥) = 𝑥 2𝑒 𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑒 𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 . (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Al resultado obtenido lo derivamos como producto, para hallar la segunda derivada:
𝑑 𝑥 2 𝑑 𝑑
𝑦 ′′ = [𝑒 (𝑥 + 2𝑥)] = 𝑒 𝑥 . (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥) + (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥). (𝑒 𝑥 )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2 +1
6. 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥
2 +1 𝑑 2 2
𝑦′ = 𝑒𝑥 . ln(𝑒) (𝑥 2 + 1) = 𝑒 𝑥 +1(2𝑥) = 2𝑥𝑒 𝑥 +1
𝑑𝑥
𝑑 2 𝑑 2 𝑑 2 2 𝑑
𝑦 ′′ = (2𝑥𝑒 𝑥 +1 ) = 2 (𝑥. 𝑒 𝑥 +1 ) = 2 [𝑥. (𝑒 𝑥 +1) + 𝑒 𝑥 +1 . (𝑥)]
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2 +1 𝑑 2
= 2 [𝑥. 𝑒 𝑥 . ln(𝑒) . (𝑥 2 + 1) + 𝑒 𝑥 +1 ( 1 ) ]
𝑑𝑥
2 +1 2 +1
= 2 [𝑥. 𝑒 𝑥 (2𝑥) + 𝑒 𝑥 ]
2 +1 2 +1 2 +1
= 4𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑥 + 2𝑒 𝑥 = 𝑒𝑥 (4𝑥 2 + 2)
𝑒 6𝑥
7. 𝑦 = 𝑙𝑛 ( )
2𝑥+3
1 𝑑 𝑒 6𝑥 1 (2𝑥 + 3) 𝑑 (𝑒 6𝑥 ) − (𝑒 6𝑥 ) 𝑑 (2𝑥 + 3)
′ 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑦 = . ( )= .[ ]
𝑒 6𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2𝑥 + 3 𝑒 6𝑥 ( 2𝑥 + 3 )2
(2𝑥 + 3) (2𝑥 + 3)
1 𝑑
(2𝑥 + 3)(𝑒 6𝑥 ). ln(𝑒 ). (6𝑥) − (𝑒 6𝑥 ) (2)
1 𝑑𝑥
= . [ ]
𝑒 6𝑥 (2𝑥 + 3)2
(2𝑥 + 3)
Luego:
𝑑 𝑑
𝑑 12𝑥 + 16 (2𝑥 + 3). (12𝑥 + 16) − (12𝑥 + 16). (2𝑥 + 3)
𝑦 ′′ = ( )= 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2𝑥 + 3 (2𝑥 + 3)2
𝑑 𝑑
𝑦 ′ = −𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑒 −3𝑥 ). (𝑒 −3𝑥 ) + 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2(𝑥 2). (𝑥 2)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑
= −𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑒 −3𝑥 ). [(𝑒 −3𝑥 ). ln(𝑒 ) . (−3𝑥 )] + 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2(𝑥 2). (2𝑥 )
𝑑𝑥
= −𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑒 −3𝑥 )(𝑒 −3𝑥 ). (−3) + 2𝑥. 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2(𝑥 2)
𝑑 𝑑
= 3. [𝑒 −3𝑥 . 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑒 −3𝑥 )] + 2 [𝑥. 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2(𝑥 2)]
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
= 3[𝑒 −3𝑥 . 𝑑𝑥 [𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑒 −3𝑥 )] + 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑒 −3𝑥 ). 𝑑𝑥 (𝑒 −3𝑥 ) ] + 2 [𝑥. 𝑑𝑥 (𝑠𝑒𝑐 2(𝑥 2)) + 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2(𝑥 2). 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 )]
+ 2{𝑥. [2𝑠𝑒𝑐(𝑥 2). 𝑠𝑒𝑐(𝑥 2). 𝑡𝑎𝑛(𝑥 2)(2𝑥)] + 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2(𝑥 2). (1) }
= −9(𝑒 −3𝑥 )2 cos(𝑒 −3𝑥 ) − 9𝑒 −3𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑒 −3𝑥 ) + 8𝑥 2𝑠𝑒𝑐 2(𝑥 2)𝑡𝑎𝑛(𝑥 2) + 2𝑠𝑒𝑐 2(𝑥 2)
donde
𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
(𝑠𝑒𝑐 2(𝑥 2)) = [sec(𝑥 2)]2 = 2[sec(𝑥 2 )]. [sec(𝑥 2)]
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑
= 2[sec(𝑥 2)] [𝑠𝑒𝑐 (𝑥 2 ). 𝑡𝑎𝑛(𝑥 2). (𝑥 2 )] = 2[sec(𝑥 2)][𝑠𝑒𝑐(𝑥 2). 𝑡𝑎𝑛(𝑥 2). (2𝑥 )]
𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
𝑦 ′ = {𝑥. [𝑠𝑒𝑛 (2𝑥)] + (𝑠𝑒𝑛 (2𝑥)). (𝑥)} + [−𝑠𝑒𝑛 (3𝑥). (3𝑥)]
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑
= 𝑥. [cos(2𝑥) . 𝑑𝑥 (2𝑥)] + 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (2𝑥). (1) − 𝑠𝑒𝑛(3𝑥). (3)
Luego
𝑑
𝑦 ′′ = [2𝑥 cos(2𝑥) + 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (2𝑥) − 3𝑠𝑒𝑛(3𝑥)]
𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
=2 [𝑥. cos(2𝑥)] + [𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)] − 3 [𝑠𝑒𝑛(3𝑥)]
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
= 2 [𝑥. 𝑑𝑥 cos(2𝑥) + cos(2𝑥) . 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥)] + cos(2𝑥). 𝑑𝑥 (2𝑥) − 3 cos(3𝑥) . 𝑑𝑥 (3𝑥)
𝑑
= 2𝑥. [−𝑠𝑒𝑛 (2𝑥). (2𝑥)] + 2 cos(2𝑥) . (1) + 2 cos(2𝑥) − 9cos(3𝑥)
𝑑𝑥
Luego
𝑑
𝑦 ′′ = 𝑑𝑥
[−12𝑥. (3𝑥 2 + 7)−3 − 33𝑥 −4]
𝑑 𝑑
= −12 { [𝑥. (3𝑥 2 + 7)−3]} − 33 [𝑥 −4 ]
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑
= −12 {𝑥. (3𝑥 2 + 7)−3 + (3𝑥 2 + 7)−3. (𝑥)} − 33 [−4 𝑥 −5]
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑
= −12𝑥. [−3(3𝑥 2 + 7)−4 . 𝑑𝑥 (3𝑥 2 + 7)] − 12 (3𝑥 2 + 7)−3. (1) + 132𝑥 −5