Soberanía alimentaria: un análisis del concepto

Claire Heinisch

To cite this version:

Claire Heinisch. Soberanía alimentaria: un análisis del concepto. Francisco Hidalgo; Pierril Lacroix;
Paola Román. Comercialización y soberanía alimentaria, SIPAE, pp.11-36, 2013, 978-99-78-99-53-7-2.
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 COMERCIALIZACIÓN
Y SOBERANÍA ALIMENTARIA

Francisco Hidalgo
Pierril Lacroix
Paola Román
EDITORES

Auspiciado por: Publicado por:

UNIÓN EUROPEA

PROYECTO ÐSistemas alternativos de comercializaciãn

asociativa para la seguridad de las familias campesinas y
la soberanêa alimentaria en los territorios andinosÓ
(DCI-FOOD/2010/230-269).

2013
Comercialización y soberanía alimentaria
Francisco Hidalgo, Pierril Lacroix, Paola Román
Editores
Esta publicaciãn e s posible gracias al apoyo de: PROYECTO ÐSistemas alternativos de comercializa-
ciãn a sociativa para la seguridad de las familias campesinas y la soberanêa alimentaria en los territorios
andinosÓ (DCI-FOOD/2010/230-269).
Revisiãn de texto: Mãni ca Hernö ndez
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Introducción
Pierril Lacroix (AVSF),
Francisco Hidalgo (SIPAE)5 m

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Claire Heinisch gg
Sembrando la soberanía alimentaria en el Ecuador
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 Soberanía alimentaria:
un análisis del concepto
Claire Heinisch*

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Introducción
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12
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13
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5&5*)&ù.#55&5 8

14
 Comercialización y soberanía alimentaria

355&5-)#5#0#&5(5-/5)($/(.)5*,50(4,5 ,&.#0-55&5-),(ù5&#'(.,#65)')5-.á(5
(5-.5)(*.)85  (#-5 *),5 &)-5 ')0#'#(.)-5 '*-#()-5 35
#5'#,')-5&-5*,#(#*&-50)&/#)(-55&5 -)#&-65/,(5/(5',)5'*&#)55*,#),#-5
ŀ(##ĉ(5B/,)5kC650')-5+/5&-5*,)*/-.-5 35.'á.#-85

Cuadro 4. El camino de la soberanía alimentaria en el seno del movimiento militante

-5gool65(/',)-)-5(/(.,)-5-5),!(#4,)(5(5&5-()5&5')0#'#(.)5'#&#.(.655(#0&5'/(#&5.(.)5
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#.,5&)-5*,#(#*&-5B&#-.5()52"/-.#0C9
R5 &,#ĉ(55ù5'*-#(65)'65gool
R5 &,#ĉ(5&5),)5 /(#&5-),5-),(ù5&#'(.,#655(65hffg5Bjff5),!(#4#)(-55'á-55
lf5*ù--C
R5 &,#ĉ(5&5),)55&-5I5*,5&5-),(ù5&#'(.,#65)'65hffh
R5 &,#ĉ(55.'(Ě65hffh5Bghf5),!(#4#)(-55gi5*ù--55
-#C
R5 &,#ĉ(5&5),)5 (.,(#)(&5'*-#()55#(ù!(65(Ě(65hffi5B),!(#4#)(-55jf5*ù--C
R5 &,#ĉ(55#$#(!65hffj5B),!(#4#)(-55gk5*ù--55
-#C5
R5 &,#ĉ(55'%)65hffl5B),!(#4#)(-55™ ,#C5
R5 &,#ĉ(553&(#65hffm5B),!(#4#)(-55nf5*ù--C
R5 &,#ĉ(55/&#(65hffm5Bjf5),!(#4#)(-55o5*ù--55/,)*5355™ ,#C5
R5 &,#ĉ(55ù5'*-#(65
%,.65hffn
R5 &,#ĉ(5&5),)55&)-5*/&)-5*,5&5-),(ù5&#'(.,#65)'65hffo5Blj5),!(#4#)(-55oi5*ù--C

!)-.)5hfgg65
/-.,#65(/(.,)5*,5&5)(-.,/#ĉ(55/(5')0#'#(.)5*,5&5-),(ù5&#'(.,#5(5
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)(-ï(65
hffi5**8jm7jnC5351118(3&(#hffm8),!

&XDGUR(YROXFLyQGHODGHÀQLFLyQGHOFRQFHSWRGHVREHUDQtDDOLPHQWDULD

Declaración de 1996 - Soberanía alimentaria, un futuro sin hambre - Roma, 1996

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-5/(5*,)(##ĉ(5*,5&5-!/,#5&#'(.,#5!(/#(_8

15
Comercialización y soberanía alimentaria

Declaración política del Foro de las ONG/OSC3 para la Soberanía Alimentaria - Roma, 2002
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Declaración de Nyeleni - Selingué (Mali), 2007
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5*(-'#(.)5,&.#0-5&5)(*.)85-5#'*),7
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ranía alimentaria tiene su consecuencia sobre
&5 *)-##ĉ(5 5 5 .),5 (5 &-5 (!)##)(-5
#(.,(#)(&-65.(.)5)')5(5&5.,/#ĉ(55
!,'-55-,,)&&)5B
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siste sobre la necesidad de reconocer la sobera7
(ù55&)-5*ù--535,!#)(-5(5&5&#ĉ(55-/-5
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i5 ,!(#4#ĉ(55&5)#5#0#& j5 &/5&5"&5355™ ,#5&5-.

16
 Comercialización y soberanía alimentaria

.)5&#,.5(5&5ŀ(##ĉ(55-/-5*)&ù.#-65 R5 La visión “desarrollo agrícola sostenible y au-

&)5+/5(5,&#5-5*/5(&#4,5)')5/(5
0#-#ĉ(5&#,&55&5-),(ù5&#'(.,#8
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*,).!,5 -/5 *,)*#5 !,#/&./,5 35 )(,&5
/(5*)3)5#'*),.(.65-#(5.(,5+/5(!)#,5
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5&)-5#(.,'#)-5)',#&-85-.50#-#ĉ(5
*,).#)(#-.5 ()5 /-.#)(5 &5 ')&)5 *,)7
/.#0#-.535.'*))5&5dumping55&52*),.7
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,")-5*,)5()5.#(5,-5)(5,-*.)55
&)-5).,)-5*ù--5)55&-5!(,#)(-5 /./,-8
tocentrado”85-5&50#-#ĉ(5#'*/&-5*),5&ù5
'*-#(65&-5ī-535&5-)#5#0#&6535&5
+/5-,##')-5(5-.5)/'(.)855*,7
senta como una alternativa al modelo agrícola
*,)/.#0#-.535&5-#-.'55,!/&#ĉ(55&)-5
#(.,'#)-5!,ù)&-5*),5&5'(#-')5&5
',)85-.á5-5(5-#-.'-5!,ù)&-535
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#(*(#(.-55&-5'/&.#(#)(&-5!,)7
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.')-5+/5(.,)55-.50#-#ĉ(5)2#-.(5&)-5
*,.#,#)-55/(5(!)##ĉ(5#(.,(#)(&5
-),5&-5,!&-5&5)',#)535&)-5*,.#,#)-5
5/(5,)0)5(5&5-*#)5(#)(&85

Cuadro 6. Las tres visiones de la soberanía alimentaria (adaptado de CSAO, 2007)

Visiones Autonomía de Desarrollo agrícola

Proteccionista
Posiciones decisión durable y autocentrado

/.)()'ù55#-#ĉ(5
-),5&5),#(.#ĉ(55
Sí Sí Sí
&-5*)&ù.#-5!,ù)&-535
alimentarias

#-.'-55*,)/#ĉ(5/7
.ĉ()')-535-)-.(#&-5
7 Sí 7

Dumping en los mercados

7 ) Sí
internacionales

,).#ĉ(55&-5 ,)(.,- 7 Sí Sí

17
Comercialización y soberanía alimentaria
La soberanía alimentaria y
sus relaciones con los otros
conceptos: derecho a la
alimentación y seguridad
alimentaria
Derecho a la alimentación y
seguridad alimentaria,
una mirada histórica
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 Comercialización y soberanía alimentaria

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(5#!&,8

19
Comercialización y soberanía alimentaria
(5 hffj65 -*/ï-5 5 )-5 Ą)-5 5 (!)#7
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(Windfuhr y Jonsén, 2005)

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y roles de la agricultura (IAASTD, 2009)

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(adaptado de Rosset, 2003)

Tema Modelo dominante Modelo soberanía alimentaria

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26
 Comercialización y soberanía alimentaria

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27
Comercialización y soberanía alimentaria

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