ESQUEMA DE COORDINACION DE AISLAMIENTO

REFERENCIA REFERENCIA

(ANEX.B-ANEX.C) Origen y clasificación de las (CA_ 60 kV

sobretensiones Analisis del sistema Pt. 1)
Nivel de protección de los equipos
(ANEX.C) Características de los aislamientos
NO

Tensión representativa, Urp (see 3.19)

Criterios de diseño:
NO Características del aislamiento
Distribuciones estadisticas
SI Datos poco exactos Efectos
SI combinados para la evaluación de los
SI factores de coordinación Aplicación del criterio de diseño:
-Determinista (see 4.3)

Tensión Soportada de Coordinación, Ucw (see 3.24)

(see 3.28) Factor de corrección atmosferico, ka

(see 3.28) Factor de seguridad global, ks
Dispersión Producción (*)
Calidad de instalación (*) Aplicación de factores por condición de Servicio (see 3.28)
Envejecimiento (*)
Otros factores desconocidos (*)

Tensión Soportada Requerida, Urw (see 3.27)

(see 5) Condiciones de prueba

Factor de conversión de ensayo, kt
(see 3.31)
Tensiones soportadas normalizadas Selección Tensión Soportada Normalizada, Uw (see 4.5 and 4.9)
(see 4.6 and 4.7) Tensión máxima de servicio, U
m
(see 4.8)

Nivel de aislamiento Normalizado (Conjunto Uw) (see 3.32 and 3.33)

Distancias al aire

(*) Los factores a aplicar deben compensar las diferencias en el montaje del material, la dispersión en la calidad de producción,
la calidad de instalación, el envejecimiento del aislamiento durante la vida esperada así como otras influencias desconocidas.
En la práctica, estos valores no pueden evaluarse individualmente y se adopta un factor de seguridad global (ks) deducido de la

experiencia.

DATO

ACCIÓN

RESULTADO
 DETERMINACION DE LA SOBRETENSIONES REPRESENTATIVAS

B.1. DETERMINACIÓN DE LOS PARAMETROS DEL SISTEMA

Para calcular los parámetros de secuencia positiva y secuencia cero de las subestaciones
involucradas en el proyecto se utiliza la siguientes formulas:
𝐼_(𝑓, 3∅)=𝑉_(1, 𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎)/(√3×𝑍_1 )
- Para un cortocircuito trifasico se tiene:

- Para un cortocircuito monofásico se tiene: 𝐼_(𝑓, 2∅)=(√3×𝑉_(1, 𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎))/((2×𝑍_1+𝑍_0 ) )

(*) Z1=Z2, en redes pasivas.

Apartir de estas ecuaciones, se obtienen los parametros del sistema:

𝑋_1=((𝑋/𝑅)_1×𝑉_(1, 𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎))/(√3×𝐼_(𝑓,3∅)×√(1+(𝑋/𝑅)_1^2 ))
𝑅_1=𝑉_(1, 𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎)/(√3×𝐼_(𝑓,3∅)×√(1+(𝑋/𝑅)_(3∅)^2 ))

𝑅_0=(√3×𝑉_(1, 𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎))/(𝐼_(𝑓,2∅)×√(1+
(𝑋/𝑅)_0^2 )) −(2×𝑉_(1,
𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎))/(√3×𝐼_(𝑓,3∅)×√(1+(𝑋/𝑅)_0^2 ))

𝑋_0=(√3×(𝑋/𝑅)_0×𝑉_(1,
𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎))/(𝐼_(𝑓,2∅)×√(1+(𝑋/𝑅)_0^2 ))
−(2×(𝑋/𝑅)_0×𝑉_(1,
𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎))/(√3×𝐼_(𝑓,3∅)×√(1+
(𝑋/𝑅)_0^2 ))
B.2. CALCULO DEL CORTOCIRCUITO (IEC 60909)
El calculo del Cortocircuito se realizo con el programa DigSilent, cuyos resultos son:

CORTOCIRCUITO TRIFASICO CORTOCIRCUITO MONOFASICO

TENSION NOMINAL DEL SISTEMA 60

"
Factor de corrección "c" ("c" es determinado tal que U k=c Un) 66

CORTOCIRCUITO TRIFASICO
Skss Potencia Cortocircuito Simétrico inicial (RMS) 1094.1
Ikss Corriente de Cortocircuito Simétrico inicial (RMS) 10.528
 X/R Relación (X/R)1 4.4
ip Valor pico de corriente de cortocircuito (Valor instantaneo) 22.589

ANEXO B 1 de 4 2018
 CORTOCIRCUITO MONOFASICO
Skss Potencia Cortocircuito inicial 376.3
Ikss Corriente de cortocircuito inicial 10.862
ip Pico de corriente de cortocircuito 23.306
X/R Relación (X/R)0 4.4

B.3. EVALUACION DEL FACTOR "k" PARA FALLAS A TIERRA

CALCULADO DigSILENT
R1 Resistecia de Secuencia Positiva 0.802 0.8
X1 Reactancia de Secuencia Positiva 3.529 3.5
R0 Resistecia de Secuencia Cero 0.728 0.8
XO Reactancia de Secuencia Cero 3.204 3.2

Para seleccionar la curva adecuada, se procede a calcular las siguientes relaciones:

Para valores calculos por formula

X0/X1 0.908
R0/X1 0.206
Para valores calculos por DigSILENT
X0/X1 0.914
R0/X1 0.229
R1 0.8
X1 3.5
 Step 1: Determination of the representative overv

Power-frecuency voltage

Temporaly overvoltages

Earth faults Earth-fault factor : k= 1.200

Load rejection Max. overvoltage p.u.= 1.20 pu

Resulting representative overvoltages

Phase-to-earth: Urp (p-e) = 50.23 kV Phase-to-phase: Urp (p-p)=

Slow-front overvoltages

Overvoltages originating from station 2

Energization

Ue2 = 2.55 pu
Up2 = 3.34 pu

Uet = 2.94 pu
Upt = 2.76 pu
Uet = 173.90 kV
Upt = 221.65 kV

Aresters at line entrace and near transformers: Ups =

For line entrance equipment

With or without capcitor switching

Ue1 > Ups Upt > 2 Ups

Phase-to-earth: Urp = Ups = 116.00 kV Urp (p-e)=

Phase-to-phase: Urp = 2 Ups = 221.65 kV Urp (p-p)=

Fast-front overvoltages
 representative overvoltages (U rp)

Fase tierra
Us = 72.50 kV phase-to-phase 41.85789452
1.0 p.u. = 59.20 kV (crest)

Urp (p-e) 50.23 kV Fase tierra Eff Us

Urp (p - e) 41.01 kV Eff Unom

Urp (p - p) 71.04 kV Eff

es
se-to-phase: Urp (p-p)= 71.04 kV

Overvoltages originating from station 1

Energization and re-energization

Ue2 = 1.58 pu
Up2 = 2.24 pu

Uet = 1.73 pu
Upt = 1.55 pu
 Uet = 102.12 pu
Upt = 140.31 pu

116.00 kV Upl = 141.00 kV

For other equipment

116.00 kV
221.65 kV

Evaluate Step 2
 Step 2: Determination of the coordination withstand voltages (U

Temporary overvoltages

Phase-to-earth: Ucw = Kc x Urp = 1.0 x 50.23 = 50.23 kV

Phase-to-phase: Ucw = Kc x Urp = 1.0 x 71.04 = 71.04 kV

Slow front overvoltages

Line entrance equipment (externa insulation only)

Phase-to-earth Phase-to-phase

Ups/Ue2= 0.77 2Ups/Up2= 1.17

Kcd = 1.09 Kcd = 1.00

Retained value
Kcd = 1.09

Ucw = Kcd x Urp Ucw = Kcd x Urp

Ucw = 116.00 kV Ucw = 221.65 kV

 Fast-front overvoltages

Data from experience

Performance required

Arrester lightning protection level: Upl= 141.00 kV

Max. Separation from internal insulation: L= 7.80 m

Max. Separation from external insulation: L= 22.00 m

Internal insulation: Ucw = 250.52 kV

External insulation: Ucw = 282.00 kV
ation withstand voltages (Ucw)

Kc factor = 1.0

Deterministic method used = Kcd factor

Other equipment

Phase-to-earth Phase-to-phase

Ups/Ue2= 1.24 2Ups/Up2= 1.75

Kcd = 1.00 Kcd = 1.00

Retained value
Kcd = 1.00

Ucw = Kcd x Urp Ucw = Kcd x Urp

Ucw = 126.44 kV Ucw = 221.65 kV

Parameter << A >> : A= 4500.00
Span Length: Lsp= 160.00 m
Outage rate: 0.01 km. year
Acceptable failure rate: 0.0025 year

La= 0.25 m
 Step 3: Determination of the required withstan

Safety factor

Atmospheric correction factor

Power frecuency withstand Switching impulse withsta

Phase-to-earth Phase-to-phase Phase-to-earth

factor, m = 1.00 factor, m =

0.80

factor, ka = 1.00

factor, ka =

1.00

Required withstand voltages

Power frecuency withstand Switching impulse withst

 Phase-to-earth Phase-to-phase Phase-to-earth

Line entrance
Internal insulation Internal insulation
equipment

57.76 kV 81.70 kV
External insulation

132.76 kV
External insulation External insulation
Other equipment
52.74 kV 74.59 kV

Internal insulation

133.40 kV

External insulation

121.80 kV
 of the required withstand voltages (Urw)

Internal insulation : Ks = 1.15

External insulation : Ks = 1.05

Altitude H = 39.00 m

Switching impulse withstand lightning impulse withstand

Phase-to-phase Phase-to-earth

factor, m = factor, m = 1.00

1.00

factor, ka = 1.00

factor, ka =

1.00

Internal insulation = Urw = Ucw x Ks

External insulation = Urw = Ucw x Ks x Ka

Switching impulse withstand lightning impulse withstand

Phase-to-phase Phase-to-earth

Line entrance
Internal insulation
equipment

288.10 kV
External insulation

221.65 kV
External insulation
Other equipment
296.10 kV

Internal insulation

254.90 kV

External insulation

232.73 kV
 Step 4: Conversion to withsta

Conversion of switching impulse withstand

voltages to short duration power frecuency
withstand voltages

39.00 m Conversion factors

External insulation
- Phase-to-earth
- Phase-to-phase

impulse withstand
Internal insulation
- Phase-to-earth
Phase-to-phase - Phase-to-phase

Line entrance
equipment

External
insulation
- Phase-to-earth
81.73 kV
x Ks - Phase-to-phase
Ks x Ka 139.64 kV

impulse withstand
Phase-to-phase

Internal insulation

288.10 kV

External insulation

296.10 kV
 Step 4: Conversion to withstand voltages normalized to range I

hing impulse withstand Conversion of switching impulse withstand

ation power frecuency voltages to lighthing impulse withstand
d voltages voltages

ion factors Conversion factors

External insulation
0.6 + Urw/8500 - Phase-to-earth 1.3
0.6 - Phase-to-phase 1.05 + Urw/9000

Internal insulation
0.5 - Phase-to-earth 1.1
0.5 - Phase-to-phase 1.1

Other Line entrance Other

equipment equipment equipment

External External External

insulation insulation insulation

- Phase-to-earth - Phase-to-earth - Phase-to-earth

74.83 kV 142.34 kV 130.36 kV

- Phase-to-phase - Phase-to-phase - Phase-to-phase

139.64 kV 250.38 kV 250.38 kV
Internal internal
insulation insulation

- Phase-to-earth - Phase-to-earth
66.70 kV 133.40 kV

- Phase-to-phase - Phase-to-phase
127.45 kV 254.90 kV
 Step 5: Selection of standard withstand voltage values

Without capacitor switching at remote station

Applicable to any insulation

Standard insulation level 72.5 / 140 / 325 kV BIL

External insulation No phase-to-phase test required, if clearances are:

-for line entrance equipment 630.00 mm

-for other equipment 630.00 mm

Internal insulation

-phase -to-earth 140 kVrms

-phase -to -phase 325 kVp

oltage values
60 90
75 120

95 160
125 220
g at remote station
145 270

250 480
325 630

450 900

learances are:

No phase-to-phase test required, if clearances are:

Según: table A.1- correlation between standard lightninig impulse
71-2 IEC 1996
ed, if clearances are:
etween standard lightninig impulse witshstand voltages and minimum air clearances