JFTC IC 442 1

Armadura

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JFTC IC 442 4
JFTC IC 442 5
JFTC IC 442 6
JFTC IC 442 7
 Vigas

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14. Energy Methods

Determine the vertical displacement of pt C of the

steel beam shown.
Take Est = 200 GPa, I = 125(10-6) m4.
14. Energy Methods

External force P.
A vertical force P is applied at pt C. Later this force
will be set equal to the fixed value of 5 kN.
14. Energy Methods

Internal moments M.
Two x coordinates are needed for
the integration since the load is
discontinuous at C. Using method
of sections, the internal moments
and partial derivatives are
determined as follows.
14. Energy Methods
EXAMPLE 14.21 (SOLN)
Internal moments M.
For x1,
1 2  x1 
  M NA  0; M1  x1    9  0.4P x1  0
3 3
1 3
M1  9  0.4P x1  x1
9
 M1  0.4x
1
P

2005 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd 12

14. Energy Methods
EXAMPLE 14.21 (SOLN)
Internal moments M.
For x2,

  M NA  0; M 2 18  3  0.6P x2  0

M 2  18  3  0.6P x2
 M 2  0.6x
2
P

2005 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd 13

14. Energy Methods
EXAMPLE 14.21 (SOLN)
Catigliano’s second theorem.
Setting P = 5 kN and applying Eqn 14-49, we have
L   M  dx
 Cv  M  
0  P  EI
11x  1 x3 0.4x  dx
6 1 1 1 1 4 18  6x2 0.6x2  dx2
 9  
0 EI 0 EI
410.9 kN  m3

200106 kN/m 2 125106 m4
 0.0164 m  16.4 mm2005 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd 14
 Pórticos

JFTC IC 442 15
JFTC IC 442 16
JFTC IC 442 17
JFTC IC 442 18
 Teorema de Castigliano
Ejemplo 1
Calcular la rotación en el punto medio (c) de la viga en voladizo.

w M M
C  
 dx
m EI m
 Teorema de Castigliano
Solución 1: corte 1-1

⌢
 M 1
1  0; Px  M1  0

M1  Px

M
0
m
 Teorema de Castigliano
Solución 1: corte 2-2

 M
⌢ 2
2  0; Px  m  M 2  0

M 2   m  Px 

M
 1
m
 Teorema de Castigliano
Solución 1

1 L 2 L

C    Px 0 dx   Px 1dx 
EI  0 
 L2

L2 
1 P  
C    L2
EI 2  4 
2
3PL
C 
8EI
 Ejemplo 2
Para la viga simplemente apoyada que soporta la carga lineal w,
determinar el valor de la deflexión en el centro de la luz.

w M M
c   dx
P EI P
Solución 2
⌢
 11  0;
 wL  P   x  wx 2

 M1
 2 2 
 2
 wL  P   x  wx2
M1   
 2 2 2

M 1
 x
P 2
wL w 2
L2
2
C    2 x  x 0.5x dx
EI  2 
0


   w  2  
3 4
L L
 wL 2
C  2  
 4 3 4 4 
 
3
5wL
C 
384EI
 Ejemplo 3
Calcular el desplazamiento en el extremo libre B de la viga en
voladizo.

U M M
B   dx
P EI P
Solución 3
corte 1-1
wX 2


M 1
1  0 : PX   M1  0
2

 wX 2 
M 1    PX  
 2 

M
 X
P
 Solución 3
L
 
  PX 
2
1 wX
B    X dx
EI 0  2 
1  wX 3 
L

   PX  2  dx
EI 0 
2

 
3 4 L
 1 PX  wX
 
EI  3 8 0

1  PL3 wL4 
  3  8 
EI  
JFTC IC 442 28
2
9
14. Energy Methods
EXAMPLE 14.17
Determine the horizontal displacement of joint C of
steel truss shown. The x-sectional area of each
member is also indicated.
Take Est = 210(103) N/mm2.
14. Energy Methods
EXAMPLE 14.17 (SOLN)
External force P.
Since horizontal displacement of C is to be
determined, a horizontal
variable force P is applied
to joint C. Later this force
will be set equal to the
fixed value of 40 kN.
14. Energy Methods
EXAMPLE 14.17 (SOLN)
Internal forces N.
Using method of joints, force N in each member is
found. Results are shown in table:
Member N N/P N L N(N/P)L
(P = 40 kN)
AB 0 0 0 4000 0
BC 0 0 0 3000 0
AC 1.67P 1.67 66.67(103) 5000 556.7(106)
CD 1.33P 1.33 -53.33(103) 4000 283.7(106)
14. Energy Methods
EXAMPLE 14.12 (SOLN)
Castigliano’s Second Theorem
Applying Eqn 14-8 gives
 N  L
 Ch    
N
 P  AE
 
556.7 106 N  m
00
625 mm2 210103 N/mm2
283.7 103 N  m

1250 mm2 210103 N/mm2 
Ch  4.24 1.08  5.32 mm
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14. Energy Methods
EXAMPLE 14.12 (SOLN)
b)
Here, we must apply Eqn 14-41. Realize that member
AC is shortened by ∆L = 6 mm, we have
1  n L; 1 kN  Ch  1.25 kN  6 mm 
Ch  7.5 mm  7.5 mm 

The –ve sign indicates that joint C is displaced to the

left, opposite to the 1-kN load.

2005 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd 33

14. Energy Methods
EXAMPLE 14.20
Determine the slope at pt B of the beam shown. EI is
a constant.
14. Energy Methods

EXAMPLE 14.20 (SOLN)

• External couple moment M’.
• Since slope at pt B is to be determined, an external couple
moment M’ is placed on the beam at this pt.
• Internal moments M.
• Two coordinates x1 and x2 is used to determine the internal
moments within beam since there is a discontinuity, M’ at B. x1 ranges
from A to B, and x2 ranges from B to C.
14. Energy Methods
EXAMPLE 14.20 (SOLN)
Internal moments M.
Using method of sections, internal
moments and partial derivatives
are determined.
For x1,
 M NA  0; M1  Px1  0
M1  Px1
M1
0
 M'
2005 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd 36
14. Energy Methods
EXAMPLE 14.20 (SOLN)
Internal moments M.
For x2,
  M NA  0; M 2  M 'P  x2   0
L
2 
M 2  M 'P  x2 
L
2 
 M2 1
 M'

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14. Energy Methods
EXAMPLE 14.20 (SOLN)
Castigliano’s second theorem.
Setting M’ = 0 and applying Eqn 14-50, we have,
L   M  dx
B   M  
0 
 M '  EI
L / 2  Px1 0 dx1 L / 2  PL / 2   x2 dx2
 
0 EI 0 EI
3PL2


Negative sign indicates that B is opposite to

direction of couple moment M’.
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