Cálculos Practica 4

Sistemas
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Etanol 5 5 5 2.5 7.5 5 5 5
Ácido acético 5 5 5 2.5 7.5 5 5 5
Ac. Clorhídrico 2.5 2.5 0 2.5 2.5 0 5 0
Acetato de etilo 0 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 0 5
Volumen del sistema
12.5 15 12.5 7.5 17.5 10 15 15

Datos necesarios para los cálculos

HCl
C H 3 C O 2 H +C 2 H 5 OH ⇌C H 3 CO 2 C 2 H 5 + H 2 O
Ac. Acético Etanol Ac. Clorhídrico Acetato de etilo Agua
g 60.05 46.07 36.6 88.10 18.02
M( )
mol
g 1.05 0.79 1.84 0.90 1.0
ρ( )
ml
Pureza 99.7 99.2 36.45 99.8 100

Calcular el número de moles iniciales de cada componente alimentado en cada sistema, por
medio de la siguiente expresión:

g
V i ( ml ) ρi
ml ( )
Pureza
ni H O =
( mlg ) 1−Pureza
V i ( ml ) ρi
ni 0 =
g
2
g
PM (
P Mi
gmol ( ) gmol )
H2O

Sistema 1

n EtOH =
( mlg ) ( 0.992) =0.0851 mol
( 5 ml ) 0.79

( 46.07 molg )
 g
niAac =
(
( 5 ml ) 1.05
ml )
( 0.997 )
=0.0872 mol
g
(60.05 mol )
g
( 2.5 ml ) (1.19 ) ( 0.3645 )
ml
niHCl = =0.0458 mol
g
( 36.6 mol )

niAcet . Et =
( mlg ) ( 0.998) =0 mol
( 0 ml ) 0.9

( 88.1 molg )
ni H O =0.1649 mol
2

Sistema 2

g
n EtOH =
(
( 5 ml ) 0.79
ml )
( 0.992 )
=0.0851 mol
g
( 46.07 mol )
g
( 5 ml ) (1.05 ) ( 0.997 )
ml
niAac = =0.0872 mol
g
(60.05 mol )
g
( 2.5 ml ) (1.19 ) ( 0.3645 )
ml
niHCl = =0.0458 mol
g
( 36.6 mol )
g
( 2.5 ml ) ( 0.9 )( 0.998 )
ml
niAcet . Et = =0.0255 mol
g
( 88.1 mol )
ni H O =0.1651 mol
2
Sistema 3

g
n EtOH =
(
( 5 ml ) 0.79
ml )
( 0.992 )
=0.0851 mol
g
( 46.07 mol )
g
( 5 ml ) (1.05 ) ( 0.997 )
ml
niAac = =0.0872 mol
g
(60.05 mol )
g
( 0 ml ) (1.19 ) ( 0.3645 )
ml
niHCl = =0 mol
g
(36.6 mol )
g
( 2.5 ml ) ( 0.9 )( 0.998 )
ml
niAcet . Et = =0.0255 mol
g
( 88.1 mol )
ni H O =0.0029 mol
2

Sistema 4

g
n EtOH =
(
( 2.5 ml ) 0.79
ml )
( 0.992 )
=0.0425 mol
g
( 46.07
mol )
g
( 2.5 ml ) (1.05 ) ( 0.997 )
ml
niAac = =0.0 436 mol
g
(60.05 mol )
g
( 2.5 ml ) (1.19 ) ( 0.3645 )
ml
niHCl = =0.0458 mol
g
( 36.6 mol )
 niAcet . Et =
( mlg ) ( 0.998) =0 mol
( 0 ml ) 0.9

( 88.1 molg )
ni H O =0.1635 mol
2

Sistema 5

g
n EtOH =
(
( 7.5 ml ) 0.79
ml )
( 0.992 )
=0.1276 mol
g
(46.07
mol )
g
( 7.5 ml ) (1.05 ) ( 0.997 )
ml
niAac = =0.1307 mol
g
(60.05 mol )
g
( 2.5 ml ) (1.19 ) ( 0.3645 )
ml
niHCl = =0.0458 mol
g
( 36.6 mol )
g
( 0 ml ) ( 0.9 ) ( 0.998 )
ml
niAcet . Et = =0 mol
g
( 88.1 mol )
ni H O =0.1662 mol
2

Sistema 6
 g
n EtOH =
(
( 5 ml ) 0.79
ml )
( 0.992 )
=0.0851 mol
g
( 46.07 mol )
g
( 5 ml ) (1.05 ) ( 0.997 )
ml
niAac = =0.0872 mol
g
(60.05 mol )
g
( 0 ml ) (1.19 ) ( 0.3645 )
ml
niHCl = =0 mol
g
(36.6 mol )
g
( 0 ml ) ( 0.9 ) ( 0.998 )
ml
niAcet . Et = =0 mol
g
( 88.1 mol )
ni H O =0.0026 mol
2

Sistema 7

g
n EtOH =
(
( 5 ml ) 0.79
ml )
( 0.992 )
=0.0851 mol
g
( 46.07 mol )
g
( 5 ml ) (1.05 ) ( 0.997 )
ml
niAac = =0.0872 mol
g
(60.05 mol )
g
( 5 ml ) (1.19 ) ( 0.3645 )
ml
niHCl = =0.0916 mol
g
( 36.6 mol )
g
( 0 ml ) ( 0.9 ) ( 0.998 )
ml
niAcet . Et = =0 mol
g
( 88.1 mol )
 ni H O =0.3271 mol
2

Sistema 8

g
n EtOH =
(
( 5 ml ) 0.79
ml )
( 0.992 )
=0.0851 mol
g
( 46.07 mol )
g
( 5 ml ) (1.05 ) ( 0.997 )
ml
niAac = =0.0872 mol
g
(60.05 mol )
g
( 0 ml ) (1.19 ) ( 0.3645 )
ml
niHCl = =0 mol
g
(36.6 mol )
g
( 5 ml ) ( 0.9 )( 0.998 )
ml
niAcet . Et = =0.0510 mol
g
( 88.1 mol )
ni H O =0.0031 mol
2

Tabla datos experimentales

N V (NaOH) v
(NaOH)=3 ml (alicuota)
S1 14 5
S2 12.5 5
S3 7.5 5
S4 17.1 5
S5 12.1 5
S6 8.1 5
S7 14.2 5
S8 7 5
Moles totales de ácido acético + ácido clorhídrico presentes en cada sistema

V NaOH N NaOH =V Alicuota( AAc +HCl) N ( AAc +HCl)

V NaOH N NaOH =V Alicuota( AAc +HCl) ¿

V NaOH N NaOH
n( AAc+ HCl )= V
V Alicuota(AAc + HCl) T (preparado)

nT ( AAc +HCl)=n AAc +n HCl

n AAc =nT ( AAc +HCl )−nHCl

Sistema 1

n( AAc+ HCl )=
( eqL ) ( 0.0125 L )=0.105 mol
( 14 ml ) 3

( 5 ml )
Sistema 2

n( AAc+ HCl )=
( 12.5ml ) 3( eqL ) ( 0.015 L)=0.1125 mol
( 5 ml )
Sistema 3

n( AAc+ HCl )=
( eqL ) ( 0.0125 L )=0. 0563 mol
( 7.5 ml ) 3

( 5 ml )
Sistema 4

n( AAc+ HCl )=
( 17.1ml ) 3( eqL ) ( 0.0075 L) =0.077 mol
( 5 ml )
Sistema 5

n( AAc+ HCl )=
( 12.1ml ) 3( eqL ) ( 0.0175 L) =0.1271mol
( 5 ml )
Sistema 6
n( AAc+ HCl )=
( eqL ) ( 0.010 L ) =0. 0486 mol
( 8 .1ml ) 3

( 5 ml )
Sistema 7

n( AAc+ HCl )=
( 14.2ml ) 3 ( eqL ) ( 0.015 L ) =0.1278 mol
( 5 ml )
Sistema 8

n( AAc+ HCl )=
( eqL ) ( 0.015 L )=0. 063 mol
( 7 ml ) 3

(5 ml )

Cálculo de moles finales de Ácido acético

n AAc =nT ( AAc +HCl )−nHCl

Sistema 1

n AAc =0.105−0.0458=0.0592

Sistema 2

n AAc =0.1125−0.0458=0.0667

Sistema 3

n AAc =0.0563−0=0.0563

Sistema 4

n AAc =0.077−0.0458=0.0312

Sistema 5

n AAc =0.1271−0.0458=0.0813

Sistema 6

n AAc =0.0486−0=0.0486

Sistema 7

n AAc =0.1278−0.0916=0.0362

Sistema 8

n AAc =0.063−0=0.063
Cálculo de avance de cada reacción con moles iniciales y finales de Ac. Acético

ϵ =n0 AAc −n f AAc

Sistema 1

ϵ =0.0872−0.0592=0.028
Sistema 2

ϵ =0.0872−0.0667=0.0205
Sistema 3

ϵ =0.0872−0.0563=0.0 309
Sistema 4

ϵ =0.0436−0.0312=0.0124
Sistema 5

ϵ =0.1307−0.0813=0.0494
Sistema 6

ϵ =0.0872−0.0486=0.0386
Sistema 7

ϵ =0.0872−0.0362=0.0510
Sistema 8

ϵ =0.0872−0.063=0.0 242

Calcule el grado de avance de la reacción y la constante de equilibrio en función del número de

moles en cada sistema

n AAc =n 0AAc −ϵ n HCl =n0 HCl

n EtOH =n0 EtOH −ϵ n E . Ac =n0E . Ac + ϵ

n H O=n 0H O +ϵ
2 2

Sistema 1

n AAc =0. 0 872−0.028=0.0592

n EtOH =0.0851−0.028=0.0571 n E . Ac n H O (0.028)(0.1929)

K eq = 2
= =1.5978
n HCl =0.0458 n AAc n EtOH (0.0592)(0.0571)
n E . Ac =0+ 0.028=0.028

n H O=0.1649+ 0.028=0.1929
2

n AAc x 100 0.0592 x 100

%Eficiencia=
( 0
n AAc )( =
0.0872 ) =67.89 %

Sistema 2

n AAc =0. 0872−0.0205=0.0667

n EtOH =0.0851−0.0205=0.0646
n HCl =0.0458
n E . Ac =0.0255+ 0.0205=0.0460
n E . Ac n H O (0.0460)(0.1856)
K eq = 2
= =1.9814
n AAc n EtOH (0.0667)(0.0646)

n H O=0.1651+0.0205=0.1856
2

n AAc x 100 0.0667 x 100

%Eficiencia=
( 0
n AAc )( =
0.0872 ) =76.49 %

Sistema 3

n AAc =0.0872−0.0309=0.0563

n EtOH =0.0851−0.0309=0.0 542

n E . Ac n H O (0.0564)(0.0338)
K eq = 2
= =0. 6247
n HCl =0 n AAc n EtOH (0.0563)(0.0542)
n E . Ac =0.0255+ 0.0309=0.0 564

n H O=0. 0029+0.0309=0. 0338

2

n AAc x 100 0.0312 x 100

%Eficiencia=
( 0
n AAc )( =
0.0872 ) =64.56 %

Sistema 4

n AAc =0.0 436−0.0124=0.0312

n EtOH =0.0425−0.0124=0.0301 n E . Ac n H O (0.0124)(0.1759)

K eq = 2
= =2.3226
n HCl =0.0458 n AAc n EtOH (0.0312)(0.0301)

n E . Ac =0+ 0.0124=0.0124
n H O=0.1635+ 0.0124=0.1759
2

n AAc x 100 0.0312 x 100

%Eficiencia=
( 0
n AAc )( =
0.0436 ) =71.56 %

Sistema 5

n AAc =0. 1307−0.04 94=0.0813

n EtOH =0.1276−0.0494=0.0782 n E . Ac n H O (0.0494)(0.2156)

K eq = 2
= =1.6752
n HCl =0.0458 n AAc n EtOH (0.0813)(0.0782)

n E . Ac =0+ 0.0494=0.0494

n H O=0.1662+0.0494=0.2156
2

n AAc x 100 0.0813 x 100

%Eficiencia=
( 0
n AAc )( =
0.1307 ) =62.20 %

Sistema 6

n AAc =0.0 872−0.0386=0.0486

n EtOH =0. 0851−0.0386=0.0 465 n E . Ac n H O (0.0 386)(0.0412)

K eq = 2
= =0.7037
n HCl =0 n AAc n EtOH (0.0486)(0.0465)

n E . Ac =0+ 0.0386=0.0386

n H O=0. 0026+ 0.0386=0. 0412

2

n AAc x 100 0.0486 x 100

%Eficiencia=
( 0
n AAc )( =
0.0872 ) =55.73 %

Sistema 7

n AAc =0. 0872−0.0510=0.0362

n EtOH =0.0851−0.0510=0.0341
n E . Ac n H O (0.0510)(0.3782)
K eq = 2
= =15.6253
n HCl =0.0916 n AAc n EtOH (0.0362)(0.0341)
n E . Ac =0+ 0.0510=0.0510

n H O=0.3272+0.0510=0.3782
2

n AAc x 100 0.0362 x 100

%Eficiencia=
( 0
n AAc )( =
0.0872 )
=41.51%

Sistema 8

n AAc =0.0 872−0.0242=0.06 3

n EtOH =0.0851−0.0242=0.0609

n HCl =0 n E . Ac n H O (0.0752)(0. 0273)

K eq = 2
= =0.5351
n AAc n EtOH (0.06 3)(0.0609)
n E . Ac =0 .0510+ 0.0242=0.0 752

n H O=0. 0031+0.0242=0.0273
2

n AAc x 100 0.063 x 100

%Eficiencia=
( 0
n AAc )( =
0.0872 ) =72.25 %