BARRERA DE POTENCIAL, ESCALÓN DE POTENCIAL.

Estimar los valores del Coeficiente de transmisión ( T ) y del Coeficiente de

reflexión ( R ) de un electrón que posee una energía de 8eV que encuentra
una barrera de potencial de 10eV de altura y una anchura de 0.05 nm.

E
µ
X=0 X=a

DATOS
E=8 eV =1.2816 x 10−18 [J ]

μ=10 eV =1.602 x 10−18 [J ]

a=0.05 [ nm ] =0.05 x 10−9 [m]

me =9.11 x 10−31 [ kg ]

h 6.626 x 10−34 [ J ∙ s ]
ħ= = =1.05 x 10−34 [J . s](Const . de Planck reducida)
2π 2π

INCÓGNITAS
T =? R=?

FÓRMULAS
1
Coeficiente de transmisión T =
µ sinh2 (αa)
2
1+
4 E ( μ−E )

1
Coeficiente de reflexión R=
4 E ( μ−E )
1+ 2
µ sinh2 ( αa)

2 2 me
II Cuadrante α = ( μ−E )
ħ2
DESARROLLO
1,602 x 10−19 [ J ]
E=8 eV ( 1 ev )
=1.2816 x 10−18 [J ]

1,602 x 10−19 [ J ]
μ=10 eV ( 1 ev )
=1.602 x 10−18 [J ]

2 ( 9.11 x 10−31) [ kg ]
α 2= −34 2 2 2
( 1.602 x 10−18 [ J ] −1.2816 x 10−18 [ J ] )
(1.05 x 10 ) [ J s ]

1,822 x 10−30 [ kg ]
α 2= −68 2 2
( 3,204 x 10−19 [ J ] )
1,1025 x 10 [ J s ]

5,8376 x 10−49 [ kg ] kg
α 2=
1,1025 x 10 [ J s ]
−68 2
=5,294 x 1019
kg m2 2
s2
s [ ]
α =√ 5.294 x 1019 [ m−2 ] =7.276 x 10 9 [m −2 ]

1
T= 2
−18 2
) [ J ] sinh [ ( 7.276 x 109 [ m−2 ] ) ( 0.05 x 10−9 [ m ] ) ]
2
(1.602 x 10
1+
4(1.2816 x 10−18 [ J ] ) [( 1.602 x 10−18 [ J ] ¿−(1.2816 x 10−18 [ J ] ) ) ]

1
T= =0.82
3.549 x 10−37 [ J 2 ]
1+
1.642 x 10−36 [ J 2 ]

1
R= −18
4 (1.2816 x 10 [ J ] )[ ( 1.602 x 10−18 [ J ] ¿−(1.2816 x 10−18 [ J ] ) ) ]
1+ 2
(1.602 x 10−18)2 [ J 2 ] sinh [ ( 7.276 x 109 [ m−2 ] ) ( 0.05 x 10−9 [ m ] ) ]

1
R= =0.18
1.642 x 10−36 [ J 2 ]
1+
3.549 x 10−37 [ J 2 ]