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EL ARTE DE LA

CERÁMICA LAMISTA
Manual Práctico
COMUNIDAD NATIVA KECHWA WAYKU
LAMAS - PERÚ

Manuel
Méndez
Guerrero
AGRADECIMIENTOS
Víctor Daniel Sifuentes Rojas Tomás Cotrina Trigozo
Alcalde Provincial de Lamas Coordinación Lamas
Prudencio Guerra Sangama Marcelina Díaz Díaz
Alcalde de la Comunidad Nativa Kechwa Wayku Coordinación Cursos & Talleres Prácticos
Crucildo Amasifuén Sangama Manuela Amasifuén Sangama
Teniente Gobernador de la Coordinación Ceramistas Lamas
Comunidad Nativa Kechwa Wayku José Luis Jordana Laguna
Carlos Alejandro Henríquez González Profesor Museo y Entorno
Corporación Turística Amazónica Laurencio Shupingahua Sangama
Jaime Chung Rengifo Artesano
Historiador Maribel Guerra Sangama
Waldemar Soria Rodríguez Ceramista
Profesor Sonia Vela Lozano
Carlos Cotrina del Águila Turismo y Cultura
Periodista Reninger Lozano Cristancho
Francisco Lozano Lozano Herrero
Inocente Sangama Sangama Benel Flores Arévalo
Profesores bilingües Maestro hornos alfareros
Diccionario Quechua de San Martín Paul Patrick Villanueva Pinedo
Nanci Ygnacia Trigozo del Águila Logística
Profesora

Edición
ASOCIACIÓN EXTERIOR XXI
Rufino González 8 - 28037 Madrid - España
exterior@exterior21.org
www. exterior21.org
Director: Pablo Araújo Morato

Manuel Méndez Guerrero


www.manuelmendez.com.es
manuelmendezg@yahoo.es

Primera edición: 2009


Fotografías: Manuel Méndez Guerrero.
Diseño gráfico: Manuel Méndez & Mario Méndez & Javier Véliz Benzaquén
La publicación de las fotografías y procedimientos alfareros cuentan con las
correspondientes autorizaciones.
Imprime: GRÁFICAS DE DIEGO
ISBN Nº: 978-84-613-0741-8 Depósito legal: M-14076-2009
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DIRECTORIO: ARTESANÍAS Y MUSEOS
Artesanía El Indano
Jr. Chiclayo Nº124 / Celia Dávila Chuquizuta
Teléfono: (005142) 543042

Artesanía Tropical
Jr. San, Martín Nº 1203 / John Chang Luzula
Teléfono: (005142) 543026

Artesanía Llutakuna Wasi


Jr. Luis A. Bruzzoni P. S/N / Ceramista Manuela Amasifuén Sangama
Teléfono: (005142) 543582
Comunidad Nativa Kechwa Wayku

Artesanía El Pukunero
Jr. Sinchi Roca S/N / Guía de Turismo Rubén Sangama Sangama
Teléfono: (005142) 543641
Comunidad Nativa Kechwa Wayku

Artesanía Ecológica
Jr. Sinchi Roca 258 / Herminia Cachique Pisango
Teléfono 543517 / Comunidad Nativa Kechwa Wayku

Centro Artesanal Waska Waska Warmi Wasi


Jr. Luis A. Bruzzoni P. S/N. Municipalidad Provincial de Lamas
Oficina de Turismo
Teléfono: (005142) 543013
Comunidad Nativa Kechwa Wayku

Museo Los Chancas


Jr. San Martín 1157 / John Chang Luzula
Teléfono: (005142) 543026 / Barrio Ankoallo

Museo Etnológico
Jr. Lima cdra. 8 / Abilio Flores

Museo Folclórico Artesanía Amáchay


Jr. San Martín 658. Barrio Suchiche / Carlos Cotrina del Águila
Teléfono: (005142) 543559 / amachay@hotmail.com

WEBs DE INTERÉS
www.turismolamas.com
www.lamastrespisos.com
www.lamasperu.com
www.tarapoto.com
www.turismosanmartin.com
REGIÓN SAN MARTÍN - PERÚ

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