Pag 49

E.
1
1. 3−2 = 9
1
2. 𝑎−3 = 𝑎3
3
3. 3 ∗ 4−1 = 4
5
4. 5𝑛−6 = 𝑛6
1
5. 𝑥 −3 = 𝑥 −(−3) = 𝑥 3

1 −5 1
6. ( ) = = 𝑦 −(−5) = 𝑦 5
𝑦 𝑦 −5

4−2 73
7. 7−3 = 4(−2) ∗ 7−(−3) = 42

𝑥 −2 𝑦3
8. = 𝑦 −(−3) 𝑥 −2 =
𝑦 −3 𝑥2

𝑧 −1 𝑦
9. 𝑦−1 = 𝑧 −1 ∗ 𝑦 −(−1) = 𝑧

3 −5 45
10. (4) = ( 35 )

2𝑚−4 𝑛4
11. = 2 ∗ 32 𝑚−4 𝑛−(−4) = 18
3−2 𝑛−4 𝑚4

F.
1 1
1. 4−3 = =
43 64
1 1
2. 5−2 = 52 = 25

3. 70 = 1

4. 1−5 = 1

5. 𝑦 0 = 1

G.

1. (4 + 2)5 = 65

2. (7 − 4)2 = (3)2 = 9 ≠ 72 − 42

3. (6 ∗ 5)4 = 304
6 4 64
4.(3) = (34 )

H.
𝑥3 1
1. 𝑥 7 = 𝑥 −4 = 𝑥 4

𝑦6
2. 𝑦4 = 𝑦 2
 𝑎8
3. 𝑎8 = 1

𝑚5 1
4. 𝑚10 = 𝑚5

𝑛13
5. 𝑛4
= 𝑛5

I.

1. 𝑥 5 𝑥 3 con x=2

𝑥5𝑥3 = 𝑥8

28 = 256

2. 𝑎3 ∗ 𝑎2 ∗ 𝑎 con a=-2

𝑎3 𝑎2 𝑎 = 𝑎6
(−2)6 = 64

3. 10𝑚 ∗ 10𝑛 con m=2 y n=4

102 ∗ 104 = 106 = 1′ 000.000

4. 2𝑎 ∗ 2𝑏 ∗ 2𝑐 con a=3, b=2 y c=2

23 ∗ 22 ∗ 22 = 27 = 128
J.
63 67 610
1. = = 66
64 64

𝑝8 𝑝5
2. 𝑝3 𝑝
= 𝑝(8+5)−(3+1) = 𝑝9

𝑦 6 𝑧 −4 𝑦6
3. 𝑧2
= 𝑦 6 ∗ 𝑧 −4−(2) = 𝑦 6 𝑧 −6 = 𝑧6

𝑐 −3 𝑑 −5 𝑑
4. = 𝑐 −3−4 𝑑−5−(−6) = 𝑐 −7 𝑑 =
𝑐 4 𝑑 −6 𝑐 −7

K.

Propuesta

(𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑚 = 𝑎𝑚 + 𝑏 𝑚

Tomemos m=2, a=1 y b=9

(1 + 9)2 = 12 + 92

102 = 1 + 81
100 = 82
Pero se sabe que dicha igualdad es falsa, por lo que la hipotesis planteada es falsa.

L. Exprese con potencia de 5

1.

125 ∗ 625 ∗ 25 = 53 ∗ 54 ∗ 52 = 53+4+2 = 59

2. 16 como potencia de 2

16 = 2 ∗ 2 ∗ 2 ∗ 2 = 22 ∗ 22 = 24

3. 43 como potencia de 2

43 = (22 )3 = 26

4. 43 ∗ 8 ∗ 16 = (22 )3 ∗ 23 ∗ 24 = 26 ∗ 23 ∗ 24 = 26+3+4 = 213

5. 9 ∗ 27 ∗ 3 ∗ 81 = 32 ∗ 33 ∗ 3 ∗ 34 = 32+3+1+4 = 310

Pag 50

La primera parte de la pagina 50 está en hojas

6.
2
(𝑚𝑎+3 𝑛𝑏+3 ) = 𝑚2(𝑎+3) 𝑛2(𝑏+3) = 𝑚2𝑎+6 ∗ 𝑛2𝑏+6

p.

1.

𝑥 𝑎+4 = 𝑥 4 𝑥 8
𝑥 𝑎+4 = 𝑥 12
𝑎 + 4 = 12
𝑎 = 12 − 4 = 8
2.

𝑦 𝑎−3 = 𝑦 5 𝑦 3
𝑦 𝑎−3 = 𝑦 8
𝑎−3=8
𝑎 = 8 + 3 = 11
3.

𝑥 23
𝑥 3𝑎 =
𝑥8
𝑥 3𝑎 = 𝑥 15
3𝑎 = 15
15
𝑎= =5
3
4.

𝑦16
𝑦 8𝑎 =
𝑦12
𝑦 8𝑎 = 𝑦 4
8𝑎 = 4
 4 1
𝑎= =
8 2
q.

106 = 1′000.000

107 = 10′000.000
|106 − 107 | = |1′ 000.000 − 10′000.000| = 9′ 000.000

1003 = 106 ; 1004 = 108 = 100′ 000.000

|1′ 000.000 − 100′ 000.000| = 99′ 000.000

Entonces el par de números más cercanos es 106 − 107

r.

𝑥 = 2 ;𝑦 = 4

24 = 16 = 42
Ejercicio 33

A..

1.

24 23 = 27 = 126
2.

𝑥 4 𝑥 −2 𝑥 = 𝑥 4−2+1 = 𝑥 3
3.

𝑦 7 𝑦 9 = 𝑦16
4.

811 −3
1
= 8 =
814 83
5.

𝑥 3 𝑥 −2 = 𝑥
6.

𝑚7 𝑚0 = 𝑚7+0 = 𝑚7
7.

7−6
= 7−6−(−4) = 7−2
7−4
8.

912
= 98
94
9.
 𝑛3 𝑛−20 𝑛12 = 𝑛3−20+12 = 𝑛−5
10.

𝑥6𝑦8 𝑦2
=
𝑥8𝑦6 𝑥2
11.

64 𝑎 5 𝑏
= 62 𝑎 3
62 𝑎 2 𝑏
12.

𝑎3 𝑎4 𝑎−5 𝑎 = 𝑎3+4−5+1 = 𝑎3
13.

𝑦 −9 𝑧 5
= 𝑦 −9−6 𝑧 5−8 = 𝑦 −15 𝑧 −3
𝑦6𝑧8
14.

𝑥8𝑦3
= 𝑥 8−10 𝑦 3−3 = 𝑥 −2
𝑦 3 𝑥 10
15.

𝑧12 𝑧 −9 𝑧 −8 𝑧 5 = 𝑧12−9−8+5 = 𝑧 0 = 1
16.

𝑎−1 𝑏3
= 𝑎−1−(−2) 𝑏 3−(−2) = 𝑎1 𝑏 5
𝑎−2 𝑏−2
17.

𝑝−5 𝑞4
= 𝑝−5−(−5) 𝑞4−(−4) = 1
𝑝5 𝑞−4
18.

(𝑝2 𝑞 3 𝑟 −2 )(𝑝𝑞𝑟 3 ) = 𝑝2+1 𝑞3+1 𝑟 −2+3 = 𝑝3 𝑞 4 𝑟

19.

(2𝑥𝑦 2 )(2𝑥 2 𝑦 2 ) = 4𝑥 3 𝑦 4

Pag 51
𝑏5
20. (𝑎3 𝑏 6 ) ∗ (𝑎−5 𝑏−1 ) = 𝑎3+(−5) 𝑏6+(−1) = 𝑎−2 𝑏5 = 𝑎−2

21. (2𝑚4 𝑛3 )(𝑚3 𝑛5 ) = 2𝑚4+3 𝑛3+5 = 2𝑚7 𝑛8

B.

1. (25 )2 = 25∗2 = 210 = 1024

2. (68 )9 = 68∗9 = 672

3. (𝑛5 )12 = 𝑛5∗12 = 𝑛60

4. (𝑥 3 )5 = 𝑥 3∗5 = 𝑥 15

5. (𝑤 12 )7 = 𝑤 7∗12 = 𝑤 84

6. (𝑦 7 )7 = 𝑦 7∗7 = 𝑦 42

7. (8𝑥)4 = (23 𝑥)4 = 24∗3 𝑥 1∗4 = 212 𝑥 4

8. ((2𝑡)5 )1 = 25∗1 𝑡 5∗1 = 25 𝑡 5

9. (5𝑚)2 = 52 𝑚2 = 25𝑚2

10. (7𝑥 5 )3 = 73 𝑥 5∗3 = 73 𝑥 15

11. (3𝑚𝑛4 )3 = 33 𝑚3 𝑛4∗3 = 27𝑚3 𝑛12

12. (−6𝑡 2 )3 = (−6)3 𝑡 2∗3 = −63 𝑡 6

13. (−3𝑚4 𝑛2 )2 = 9𝑚4∗2 𝑛2∗2 = 9𝑚8 𝑛4

14. (4𝑥 2 𝑦 3 𝑧)4 = 44 𝑥 2∗4 𝑦 3∗4 𝑧 4 = 44 𝑥 8 𝑦12 𝑧 4

15. (−5𝑧)3 = (−1)3 53 𝑧 3 = −53 𝑧 3

16. 5𝑥 4 (𝑥)2 = 5𝑥 6
3
𝑎8 𝑎 24
17. ( 4 ) =
𝑏 𝑏32

3 3 33
18. (𝑎2 ) = 𝑎6

7 2 72
19. ( 7 ) =
𝑥 𝑥 14

3𝑥 5
20. = 3𝑥 2
𝑥3

(−𝑧)3 𝑧
21. 3𝑧 2
= −3

12(𝑥+𝑦)3 4
22. 9(𝑥+𝑦)
= 3 (𝑥 + 𝑦)2

4 3 3 4 43 ∗34
23. (𝑦) (𝑦) = 𝑦7

7𝑥 2 7
24. 𝑥3
=𝑥

c. Simplifique

1. (−2)4 (−2)2 = 24 ∗ 22 = 26 = 64
(−3)6 36
2. (−3)4 = 34 = 32 = 9

43 1 1
3. 45 = 4−2 = 42 = 16

(−2)2 22 1
4. (−2)5 = = −2−2 = −
−25 4

D. Siga los patrones

1. (11111)2 = 123454321; (111111)2 = 12345654321

2. 72 = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 6 + 5 + 4 + 3 + 2 + 1 = 49

102 = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 + 9 + 8 + 7 + 6 + 5 + 4 + 3 + 2 + 1 = 100

3. 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 + 11 = 62 = 36 ; 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 + 11 + 13 + 15 = 82 = 64

E. Ordene de menor a mayor los siguientes:

1.. 22 + 2 = 6

2.. 222 = 484

3.. 22∗2 = 16

4.. (2 + 2)2 = 16

5.. 222 = 4194304

2
6.. 22 = 2
(2−2)
7.. 2
=0

8.. 2(2−2) = 1

9..2 ∗ 22 = 8

El orden es

7.. ; 8.. ; 6.. ; 1.. ; 9.. ; 4.. ; 3.. ; 2.. ; 5..

Pag 52

1. El volumen del cubo de lado 2𝑥 es 𝑣 = (2𝑥)3 = 8𝑥 3

2. Si el cubo ahora es de lado 4𝑥 el volumen es 𝑣 = (4𝑥)3 = 64𝑥 3 si se dobla la longitud de cada lado entonces el
cubo crece 8 veces.
𝑛 ∗ 8𝑥 3 = 64𝑥 3
64
𝑛= =8
8
3. El cubo con aristas de longitud 8𝑥 tiene un volumen 𝑣 = (8𝑥)3 = 512𝑥 3
4. A medida que se duplica cada arista el volumen del cubo crece en proporción de 8
𝑛 ∗ 64𝑥 3 = 512𝑥 3
512
𝑛= =8
64
Radicalización

Completar la tabla
1 1
√16 16 (𝑎)𝑛 𝑎 𝑛
1. =√ propiedad 1 =( )
√4 4
(𝑏)𝑛
𝑏
1
3 1 1 𝑛 1
2. √√64 = (64)6 propiedad (𝑏 𝑚 ) = 𝑏 𝑚∗𝑛

Pag 53

Ejercicio 33

1.
 2 8
√25 ∗ 108 = √52 ∗ 108 = 52 ∗ 102 = 5 ∗ 104 = 50000
3 3 3 12
√27 ∗ 1012 = √33 ∗ 1012 = 33 ∗ 10 3 = 3 ∗ 104 = 30000
6 ∗ 108
= 2 ∗ 1011
3 ∗ 10−3
2. Pag 54
2 2
a. √12 ∗ √3 = √3 ∗ 4 ∗ 3 = √32 ∗ 22 = 32 ∗ 22 = 6
4
4
b. √(3𝑥 2 )4 = (3𝑥 2 )4 = 3𝑥 2
1 1 5 1
c. (96𝑥 5 )5 = 965 𝑥 5 = 965 𝑥
3
3 3 3 3
d. √54 = √3 ∗ 3 ∗ 3 ∗ 2 = 33 √2 = 3√2
2
3
182 182 18
e. √ = 3 = 3 = 18 ∗ 𝑧 −2
𝑧3
𝑧2 𝑧2
1 3 1 3
f. √72𝑥 3 = 72 𝑥 = (23 ∗ 32 )2 = 6√2𝑥 2
2 2
5
3 3 3
g. √16𝑥 5 = √23 ∗ 2𝑥 5 = 2√2𝑥 2
1 1 1 1
h. (160 ∗ 𝑥 8 𝑧 4 )5 = (5 ∗ 32 ∗ 𝑥 8 𝑧 4 )5 = (5 ∗ 25 ∗ 𝑥 8 𝑧 4 )5 = 2 ∗ (5𝑥 8 𝑧 4 )5
4 2 1
4 4 4
i. √3𝑎4 𝑏 2 = √3𝑎4 𝑏 4 = √3𝑎𝑏 2
4 4
32𝑎4 2∗24 𝑎4 2 2
j. √
𝑏3
=√ 𝑏3
= 22 𝑎2 √𝑏3 = 22 𝑎2 √𝑏3

k. 2√50 + 12√8 = 2√2 ∗ 2 ∗ 5 + 12√2 ∗ 22 = 2 ∗ 2√5 + 12 ∗ 2√2 = 4√5 + 24√2

l. −2√9𝑦 + 10√𝑦 = −2√32 𝑦 + 10√𝑦 = −2 ∗ 3√𝑦 + 10√𝑦 = −6√𝑦 + 10√𝑦 = 4√𝑦
m. 11√245𝑥 3 − 9√45𝑥 3 = 11√5 ∗ 7 ∗ 7𝑥 3 − 9√5 ∗ 9𝑥 3 = 11 ∗ 7√5𝑥 3 − 9 ∗ 3√5𝑥 3 = 77√5𝑥 3 − 27√5𝑥 3
11√245𝑥 3 − 9√45𝑥 3 = 50√5𝑥 3
3. Hacer del enunciado verdadero
a. √5 + √3 > √5 + 3
b. 5 > √32 + 22
c. √5 ∗ √3 = √5 ∗ 3
d. √5 < √42 + 32
5 √5
e. √ =
3 √3
f. √5 − 3 > √5 − √3
4. Complete tabla
1
a. √25 = 252
1
3
b. √27 = 273
1
3
c. √32 = 323
1
d. −√144 = − (1442 )
1
3
e. √−216 = (−216)3
5
4
f. √165 = 164
3 3
4
g. (√81) = 814
5. Simplifique
3 3
(2𝑥 2 )2 22 𝑥 2
a. 1 = 1 = 𝑥3
22 𝑥 4 22 𝑥 4
4 2 4 2
4 1 2 1 1
𝑥 3𝑦3 𝑥 3𝑦3
b. 1 = 1 1 = 𝑥 3−3 𝑦 3−3 = 𝑥𝑦 3
(𝑥𝑦)3 𝑥 3𝑦3
 1
1 3
𝑥 −3 𝑥 2 (−3+ )−( −1)
c. 3 =𝑥 2 2 = 𝑥 −3
𝑥 2 𝑥 −1
1 5
− 1 3 5 3
5 2 ∗5𝑥 2 𝑥2
d. 3 = 5−2+1−2 ∗ 𝑥 2−2 = 5−1 𝑥 2 = 5
(5𝑥)2

Pag 55

6. Simplifique
2
4
a. √32 = 34 = √3
1 4 2
b. ((𝑥 + 1)4 )6 = (𝑥 + 1)6 = (𝑥 + 1)3
1 3
c. (𝑥 3 )6 = 𝑥 6 = √𝑥
4
4
d. √(3𝑥 2 )4 = (3𝑥 2 )4 = 3𝑥 2
7. Utilice solo un radical
1
1 2 1 1
b. ((2𝑥) ) = (2𝑥)2∗4 = (2𝑥)8
4

1 1
∗ 4
c. √√243(𝑥 + 1) = (243(𝑥 + 1))2 2 = √243(𝑥 + 1)
1 1 1
d. √ √10𝑎7 𝑏 = (10𝑎7 𝑏)2∗3 = (10𝑎7 𝑏)6
3

8. Simplifique la expresión

81 92 9
a. √49 = √72 = 7

√121 11
b. 3 = −2
− √8
1 1
c. (−32)5 = −2 … . (−1)5 = −1 𝑦𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑒 5 𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑎𝑟

9 3
d. −√100 = − 10

e. −√64 = −√26 = −8
3
f. √25 + √−27 = 5 − 3 = 2
1 12
g. (𝑦12 )6 = 𝑦 6 = 𝑦 2
8 12
h. √𝑚8 𝑛12 = 𝑚2 𝑛 2 = 𝑚4 𝑛6
1 1
3
i. √ √64𝑚18 = (64𝑚18 )3∗2 = (64𝑚18 )6 = 2𝑚3
10 12
j. √𝑥 3 𝑦 7 √𝑥 9 𝑦 5 = √𝑥 10 𝑦12 = 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 = 𝑥 5 𝑦 6

√𝑚 5 𝑛 3 𝑛3−1 𝑛2 𝑛
k. = √𝑚7−5 = √𝑚2 = 𝑚
√𝑚7 𝑛

1 4 8
4
i) √16𝑐 4 𝑑8 = 164 𝑐 4 𝑑4 = 2𝑐𝑑2

9. simplifique
 2 1 3 2 1 3 6
a. 𝑦 7 𝑦 7 𝑦 7 = 𝑦 7+7+7 = 𝑦 7
2 1 2 1 4 23
b. 𝑎3 𝑎4 𝑎 = 𝑎3+4+4 = 𝑎12
2 3 2 3
c. 5𝑚5 (−3𝑚5 ) = −15𝑚5+5 = −15𝑚
1
3 6 3 1 3 1
d. (𝑧 ) = 𝑧 5∗6 = 𝑧 30 = 𝑧 10
5

3 3 3
8 4 2 8 4 2 20 2 3 20 3 3 10 3 10
+
e. (27𝑥 𝑥 ) = (27𝑥9 3 9 3 ) = (27𝑥 ) = 272 𝑥 9 ∗2 = 272 𝑥 2 = 272 𝑥 3
9

10. Racionalice
3 √15 3√15
a. ∗ = 15
√15 √15

𝑦7 √𝑦 7 √12 √12𝑦 7
b. √ = ∗ =
12 √12 √12 12

3 √18 3√18
c. ∗ =
√18 √18 18

5 √8−𝑏 5√8−𝑏
d. ∗ = 8−𝑏
√8−𝑏 √8−𝑏

4 √𝑥+5 4√𝑥+5
e. ∗ = 𝑥+5
√𝑥+5 √𝑥+5

f. Ojo con este ya que cuando la raiz esta sumando5 + √7 toca multiplicar por el conjugado
9 5−√7 9(5−√7) 9(5−√7) (5−√7)
∗ = = =
5+√7 5−√7 52 −7 18 2

NOTACIÓN CIENTIFICA