Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
En español:
La departamentalización
agrupación por proyectos permite lograr un elevado grado de coordinación entre las
partes involucradas, que abandonan sus posiciones anteriores para dedicarse
temporalmente a determinado proyecto, que las absorbe por completo.
Con todas estas clases de departamentalización podemos decir que esta se puede
usar prácticamente en toda la empresa y como lo dijimos anteriormente, nos ayuda
a poder dividir las responsabilidades de la empresa y poder controlar un poco más
todos los procesos que se llevan a cabo en ella. Sin embargo no es solo necesario
saber en qué consiste y cuáles son sus tipos, también se hace necesario saber
implementarlas ya que si lo tomáramos a la ligera saldría realmente mal la
organización y no haríamos realmente nada por avanzar en la organización, cada
organización de acuerdo a sus exigencias va a seleccionar el tipo de organización
que mejor se adecúe a sus necesidades y que mejor contribuya al alcance de sus
objetivos. No se utiliza solamente un tipo de departamentalización en las empresas,
no hay límite, se utilizarán todos los que se requieran para el desarrollo eficiente de
la misma. Por ejemplo, En un banco se lleva a cabo la departamentalización cuando
se dividen las actividades de esta forma: gerente, banca comunitaria, banca
empresarial, banca institucional, banca agrícola y préstamos hipotecarios e
inmobiliarios. En una empresa se podrá encontrar los diversos sectores: Finanzas,
Marketing, Producción y Presidencia. A esta división se la llama
departamentalización.
En ingles:
the departmentalization
We also know that there are several types of departmentalization by functions, which
is also called functional departmentalization, which consists of grouping activities
and tasks in relation to the functions that are developed in the company. The division
of labor means that the organization is structured according to the criterion of
similarity of functions, in grouped activities and identified by the same functional
classification, as for example we have: production, sales and finances; on the other
hand it is, by products, which has as its cornerstone the products; that is why it is
Jessica Alexandra Joya Millan
necessary to group the activities according to the product or service offered by the
company. The basis of this type of departmentalization is that to supply a product or
service, areas should be grouped (even if they are different) in the same department.
In non-industrial companies it is called departmentalization by services. The
difference is that the grouping of activities is based on the services provided instead
of products. (Example: hospitals); we also have, by geographic or territorial area or
registry, which requires differentiation and grouping of activities according to the
location where the work is performed, or with a market area to be served by the
company. Territorial departmentalization is quite common in companies that operate
in large geographic areas. In this case, it may be important that the activities in a
certain area of the territory be grouped and assigned to a manager. Another kind of
departmentalization is that of clientele, which is the departmentalization based on
the clientele involves the differentiation and grouping of activities according to the
type of person or persons for whom the work is executed. The characteristics that
must be taken into account are: age, sex, socioeconomic level, type of consumer,
etc.). Owners and business managers frequently order activities on this basis to
meet the requirements of clearly defined customer groups. The departmentalization
by clients reflects in the organization, the importance that this gives to the client, that
is, the client is king of the organization, it is an important criterion when the
organizations deal with different classes of clients, with different characteristics and
needs. From penultimate in departmentalization classes we have processes that are
also known as departmentalization by stages of the process, by processing or even
by team. It is frequently used in industrial companies at the lowest levels of the
organizational structure of productive or operational areas. This base of
departmentalization can be found in the grouping of the processes of painting or
electroplating, or the placement in an area of the plant of the presses or automatic
machines to manufacture screws. In this kind of departmentalization people and
materials are gathered in order to carry out a particular operation; finally we have the
departmentalization by projects The grouping or organization in the base of projects
implies the differentiation and the grouping of the activities in relation to the outputs
and the results to one or several projects of the company. The grouping by projects
Jessica Alexandra Joya Millan
allows a high degree of coordination between the parties involved, who abandon
their previous positions to devote themselves temporarily to a specific project, which
absorbs them completely.
With all these kinds of departmentalization we can say that this can be used
practically throughout the company and as we said before, it helps us to be able to
divide the responsibilities of the company and to control a little more all the
processes that are carried out in it. . However it is not only necessary to know what
it is and what are its types, it is also necessary to know how to implement them,
because if we take it lightly, the organization would really be bad and we would not
really do anything to advance in the organization, each organization in agreement
To your requirements you will select the type of organization that best suits your
needs and which best contributes to the achievement of your objectives. Not only a
type of departmentalization is used in companies, there is no limit, all those that are
required for the efficient development of the same will be used.
For example, in a bank the departmentalization is carried out when the activities are
divided in this way: manager, community bank, business banking, institutional
banking, agricultural banking and mortgage and real estate loans. In a company you
can find the different sectors: Finance, Marketing, Production and Presidency. This
division is called departmentalization.