Lesson 1: LANGUAGE AS COMMUNICATION: ORAL AND WRITTEN LANGUAGE FACTORS THAT DEFINE A COMMUNICATIVE SITUATION: TRANSMITTER, RECEIVER, FUNCTIONS AND CONTEXT. First ofall, the word “Communication” is derived ftom the Latin word ‘Communis! which means to make common, to transmit, to impart or to share between two or more persons or groups, Communication is the natural aspect of man's li and it’s as old as human, Human being himself starts communicating ffom birth, For example, when a baby cries, it is trying to communicate its need. According to Saussure, whose work is considered as a starting point of structuralism and who was a great influence in Europe, “language” is an original code which is determined by human beings’ linguistic facilities. While, “a language” is used to designate artiticial codes like scientific languages and other. ‘There are two more terms that we should keep in mind: natural and arificial Iangua ges. Natural languages are native languages, ike English, Spanish or German, whereas artificial language refers to Languages created for a special purpose such as traffic: signs. Some linguists argue that artificial Language and a Language are the same. Linguists ike Bloomfield, Jackobson and Sapir also developed their own version of structural linguistics, but among all of them Chomsky had shown a different view of linguistic. His works on generative linguistic contributed to decline of Behaviourism and ked the advance of cognitive sciences. His main idea was that human being has an innate capability to structure hisher utterances. Moreover, his approach is motivated by the fact, that children eam languages at an incredible pace.