PRUEBA DE GRADO IDIOMA INGLÉS

(Comprensión)
PARA EL GRADO DE BACHILLERATO

NOMBRE: _______________________________ CARNÉ: ________________

CARRERA__________________________/ FECHA: 26 de octubre de 2018.

PRUEBA DE IDIOMA
La Primera Prueba tendrá una duración máxima de dos horas. El examen consistirá en una
comprensión de lectura de un texto de aproximadamente setecientas palabras, en cuya lectura
el estudiante podrá emplear diccionario. Luego deberá contestar por escrito diez preguntas
sobre comprensión de lectura, escritas en inglés, las que el estudiante podrá contestar en
español o en inglés. La Primera Prueba únicamente tendrá voto de aprobado o reprobado, y
no se promediará su resultado para el cálculo de la mención de graduación. Es requisito haber
superado la primera Prueba para presentar las siguientes en cualquiera de las modalidades.
El estudiante que no la apruebe deberá repetirla hasta su aprobación o su retiro de la
Universidad. En la respuesta al examen, el estudiante debe contestar estrictamente según el
texto.

INSTRUCCIONES GENERALES: El estudiante deberá responder obligatoriamente las 10

preguntas de la Prueba. No se permitirá el uso del corrector o lápiz. Es indispensable
trabajar de la forma más ordenada y clara posible, ya que no se calificarán aquellos
exámenes que se encuentren ilegibles o desordenados. Deberá contestar únicamente en
el espacio dispuesto para las respuestas, en caso de necesitar hojas adicionales deberá
solicitarlas al Oidor encargado; no podrá responder en la parte posterior de las hojas. El
estudiante podrá hacer uso del diccionario para la realización de la Prueba, no se permitirá
el uso de ningún dispositivo electrónico.

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 YOUNG COSTA RICANS AIM TO SAVE THE DANTA
THROUGH NAI CONSERVATION

The Central American tapir is large. In fact, it’s the largest terrestrial mammal in the
Neotropics. These animals can weigh up to 300 kilograms and the Bribri people of Costa
Rica believe that a giant tapir created the Earth. While they’re large, they are also 100
percent herbivorous.

They have long trunks that help them grab fruits and leaves. Despite these trunks, dantas
are part of the perissodactyl group and their closest relatives are rhinoceroses and horses,
not elephants. Interesting facts, right?

Unfortunately, these impressive animals are also endangered species. However, not all is
lost, a conservation project called Nai Conservation seeks to shed some light on this issue.
The name derives from the Bribri word for tapir: Nai.

Nai Conservation

The project has gathered young professionals from diverse disciplines with a common goal:
Saving dantas. Here are some of the minds behind Nai Conservation’s initiative: Esteban
Brenes, biologist and Nai Conservation’s project leader; Jorge Delgado, publicist, graphic
designer and Nai Conservation’s co-founder; Nicole Leroy-Bealieu, preschool education
student; Cristina Aguilar, forest manager; Patricia Blanco graphic designer and plastic artist;
Jorge Rojas, veterinarian; Mauricio Sanabria, social communicator and audiovisual producer;
Juan Carlos Delgado, geneticist; Nick Hawkins, photographer and Lucía M. Cole,
anthropologist.

“The danta has always been my favorite animal,” said Brenes.

“Nai conservation’s mission strives to preserve the dantas’ habitat in Costa Rica while
promoting a concordant coexistence between community inhabitants and tapirs,” said
Brenes.

Brenes said that the dantas’ habitat had been historically destroyed. He also said that just
in the past 30 years as much as a 70 percent of their territory, which spans from Mexico to
Colombia, has been severely devastated.

He said that poaching, which often centers around their meat and leather could be a factor,
too. However, he stated that over the past years it had also been triggered by disputes
between farmers.

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Also, he said that here in Costa Rica and Belize tapirs had been threatened by road accidents.

Gardeners of the Forest

Tapirs are known to walk long distances, it’s why they’ve earned the title “Gardeners of the
Forest.” Their active bowels also helped them earn that title.

“Since they are large animals and need to feed themselves properly, they can eat up to 35
kilograms of vegetation,” said Brenes. “They eat seeds, leaves, fruits, tree barks. Tapirs can
swallow seeds up to 6 centimeters, walk long distances, and defecate them along their path,
dispersing seeds throughout the forests, seeds that will become trees in the future. This
cycle significantly contributes to the forest stability.”

Brenes also said that according to several studies, tapirs are known as gardeners of the
forest, because they were among the leading allies to mitigate climate change.

“They have the capacity to disperse big fruits which would turn into big trees which tend to
absorb most carbon dioxide,” said Brenes.

Nai Conservation’s work

That’s why Nai Conservation considers their work to be of utmost importance.

The conservation project was born in 2015, when Brenes was financially supported by the
Zoological Society of London (ZSL), a nonprofit organization dedicated to the conservation
of animals worldwide.

Then, he began a research project with tapirs. Brenes said that Jorge Delgado got involved
in Nai Conservation next. Delgado told him that it would be great to transcend from scientific
researching to a more visible and integral endeavor.

Esteban said that the project increasingly gained steam and drew the attention of young
professionals, who saw Nai Conservation as a platform for their research projects and a
place to contribute to conservation from their academic fields.

“We formed a collective, we believe in a coexistence concept,” said Brenes

Educating through Salva-Dantas

Nai Conservation efforts focus on research and education through Salva-Dantas, which is
Nai Conservation’s education and outreach program.

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Nicole Leroy-Beaulieu is studying to be a preschool teacher and has taken on a major role
in Salva-Dantas.

“This is an initiative aimed at children, we want them to feel responsible for tapir’s
conservation,” said Leroy-Beaulieu. “Our education principle is based on constructivism, a
learning theory that suggests how children or people can acquire knowledge from their
experiences.”

Nicole said that their initiative was inspired by tapir babies, commonly known as watermelon
babies.

Awarding conservation

Esteban Brenes was awarded with the “MAB young scientist,” award from the United Nations
Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).

The award recognizes the work of young people around the world and their fight to preserve
the planet.

This is the first time a Costa Rican won the award. After three years of researching and
efforts aimed to preserve the danta’s habitat, Brenes and his team say every attempt pays
off.

Adapted from: http://www.ticotimes.net/2018/09/26/young-costa-ricans-aim-to-save-

the-danta-through-nai-conservation

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 YOUNG COSTA RICANS AIM TO SAVE THE DANTA
THROUGH NAI CONSERVATION

1. What kind of food does the tapir eat?

2. Where does the name of the project come from?

3. What is the goal of the project?

4. Why have the dantas been dissapearing in the last 30 years? Mention two reasons.

5. Give two reasons why these animals are considered the “Gardeners of the Forests.”

6. Where does the money for Nai come from?

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7. Explain in your own words what Salva-Dantas is.

8. How does this program work?

9. Why are these animals compared with the watermelon fruit?

10. What was Brenes granted and why?

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