VI.

Datos Experimentales
 Datos tomados para el cubo

M X(cm) Y(cm) Z(cm) M(gr)

1 2.43 2.38 8.40 39
2 2.42 2.37 8.39 38
3 2.41 2.38 8.39 40
4 2.43 2.39 8.41 41
5 2.42 2.36 8.41 39
6 2.42 2.37 8.38 38
7 2.44 2.38 8.41 40
8 2.42 2.39 8.42 41
9 2.43 2.36 8.39 39
10 2.41 2.35 8.38 38
TOTAL 24.23 23.73 83.98 393

 Datos tomados para el cilindro

N D(cm) H(cm)
1 1.7 7.61
2 1.6 7.62
3 1.7 7.50
4 1.6 7.6
5 1.5 7.57
6 1.8 7.58
7 1.6 7.61
8 1.7 7.62
9 1.5 7.54
10 1.6 7.57
TOTAL 16.3 75.82
IX Cuestionario
1. Para el cubo: determine los Errores Directos y los Erros indirectos. Según la
teoría para las variables medida, y determine su valor más probable.
CALCULO DEL ERROR EN MEDICIONES DIRECTAS
 VALOR MEDIO:

𝑁
𝑋𝑖
𝑋̅ = ∑
𝑁
𝐼=1
24.23
𝑋̅ = = 2.423
10

23.73
𝑌̅ = = 2.373
10

83.98
𝑍̅ = = 8.398
10

393
̅̅̅
𝑀 = = 39.30
10

 DESVIACION O RESIDUO

̅
𝝏𝒙 = 𝑿𝒊 − 𝑿

N 𝑿𝒊 (cm) ̅ (𝒄𝒎)
𝑿 𝝏𝒙(𝒄𝒎)
1 2.43 2.423 0.007
2 2.42 2.423 -0.003
3 2.41 2.423 -0.013
4 2.43 2.423 0.007
5 2.42 2.423 -0.003
6 2.42 2.423 -0.003
7 2.44 2.423 0.017
8 2.42 2.423 -0.003
9 2.43 2.423 0.007
10 2.41 2.423 -0.013
 ̅
𝝏𝒚 = 𝒀𝒊 − 𝒀

N 𝒀𝒊 (cm) ̅ (cm)
𝒀 𝝏𝒚(cm)
1 2.38 2.373 0.007
2 2.37 2.373 -0.003
3 2.38 2.373 0.007
4 2.39 2.373 0.017
5 2.36 2.373 -0.013
6 2.37 2.373 -0.003
7 2.38 2.373 0.007
8 2.39 2.373 0.017
9 2.36 2.373 -0.013
10 2.35 2.373 -0.023

̅
𝝏𝒛 = 𝒁𝒊 − 𝒁

N 𝒁𝒊 (cm) ̅ (cm)
𝒁 𝝏𝒛(𝒄𝒎)
1 8.40 8.389 0.011
2 8.39 8.389 0.001
3 8.39 8.389 0.001
4 8.41 8.389 0.021
5 8.41 8.389 0.021
6 8.38 8.389 -0.009
7 8.41 8.389 0.021
8 8.42 8.389 0.031
9 8.39 8.389 0.001
10 8.38 8.389 -0.009

̅
𝝏𝒎 = 𝑴𝒊 − 𝑴

N 𝑴𝒊 (gr) ̅ (𝒈𝒓)
𝑴 𝝏𝒎(gr)
1 39 39.30 -0.30
2 38 39.30 -1.30
3 40 39.30 0.70
4 41 39.30 1.70
5 39 39.30 -0.30
6 38 39.30 -1.30
7 40 39.30 0.70
8 41 39.30 1.70
9 39 39.30 -0.30
10 38 39.30 -1.30
 DESVIACIÓN MEDIA
𝑁
1
𝜕𝑋̅ = ∑ |𝑋𝑖 − 𝑥̅ |
𝑁
𝐼=1

̅
Para 𝒙
̅ = 1 ( |0.007| + |−0.003| + |−0.013| + |0.007| +|−0.003| +|−0.003| +
𝝏𝑿
10
|0.017| +|−0.003| +|0.007| +|−0.013|)
̅ = 0.0076
𝝏𝑿

̅
Para 𝒀
̅ = 1 ( |0.007| + |−0.003| + |0.007| + |0.017| +|−0.013| +|−0.003| +
𝝏𝒀
10
|0.007| +|0.017| +|−0.013| +|−0.023|)
̅ = 0.011
𝝏𝒀

̅
Para 𝒛
̅ = 1 ( |0.011| + |0.001| + |0.001| + |0.021| +|0.021| +|−0.009| +
𝝏𝒁
10
|0.021| +|0.031| +|0.001| +|−0.009|)
̅ = 0.0126
𝝏𝒁

̅
Para 𝑴
̅ = 1 ( |−0.30| + |−1.30| + |0.70| + |1.70| +|−0.30| +|−1.30| + |0.70|
𝝏𝑴
10
+|1.70| +|−0.30| +|−1.30|)
̅ = 0.96
𝝏𝑴
 DESVIACIÓN NORMAL DE UNA MEDIDA

𝑵
𝟏
𝝏𝒙 = ± √ ∑(𝝏𝑿𝒊)𝟐
𝑵−𝟏
𝒊=𝟏

̅
Para 𝒙
𝟏
𝝏𝒙 = ± √ (𝟎. 𝟎𝟕𝟔)𝟐
𝟏𝟎−𝟏

𝝏𝒙= ± 0.025

̅
Para 𝒀
𝟏
𝝏𝒚 = ± √ (𝟎. 𝟏𝟏)𝟐
𝟏𝟎−𝟏

𝝏𝒚= ± 0.037

̅
Para 𝒛
𝟏
𝝏𝒛 = ± √ 𝟎. 𝟏𝟐𝟔𝟐
𝟏𝟎−𝟏

𝝏𝒛= ± 0.042

̅
Para 𝑴
𝟏
𝝏𝒎 = ± √ (𝟗. 𝟔)𝟐
𝟏𝟎−𝟏

𝝏𝒎= ± 3.2
 DESVIACIÓN NORMAL DEL VALOR MEDIO DE UNA SERIE DE MEDIDAS

𝟏
̅ = ±√
𝝏𝑿 ∑𝑵
𝒊=𝟏(𝝏𝑿𝒊)
𝟐
𝑵(𝑵−𝟏)

̅
Para 𝒙

𝟏
̅ =±√
𝝏𝑿 (𝟎. 𝟎𝟕𝟔)𝟐
𝟏𝟎(𝟏𝟎 − 𝟏)

𝟏
̅ =±√
𝝏𝑿 (𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟓𝟕𝟕𝟔)
𝟗𝟎
̅ = ±𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟖𝟎
𝝏𝑿

̅
Para 𝒀

𝟏
̅ =±√
𝝏𝒀 (𝟎. 𝟏𝟏)𝟐
𝟏𝟎(𝟏𝟎 − 𝟏)

𝟏
̅ =±√
𝝏𝒀 (𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟐𝟏)
𝟗𝟎
̅ = ±𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟏𝟓
𝝏𝒀
 ̅
Para 𝒛

𝟏
̅ =±√
𝝏𝒁 (𝟎. 𝟏𝟐𝟔)𝟐
(
𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎 − 𝟏 )

𝟏
̅ =±√
𝝏𝒁 (𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟓𝟖𝟕𝟔)
𝟗𝟎
̅ = ±𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟑𝟐
𝝏𝒁

̅
Para 𝑴

𝟏
̅ =±√
𝝏𝑴 (𝟗. 𝟔)𝟐
𝟏𝟎(𝟏𝟎 − 𝟏)

𝟏
̅ =±√
𝝏𝑴 (𝟏. 𝟎𝟐𝟒)
𝟗𝟎
̅ = ±𝟏. 𝟎𝟏𝟏
𝝏𝑴

 ERROR RELATIVO

∈ 𝝏𝑿̅
𝑹= ̅
𝑿

̅
Para 𝒙

∈ 𝝏𝑿̅
𝑹= ̅
𝑿
∈ 𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟖𝟎
𝑹= ±
𝟐.𝟒𝟐𝟑
∈𝑹=± 𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟑𝟎𝟏
 ̅
Para 𝒀

∈ 𝝏𝒀̅
𝑹= ̅
𝒀
∈ 𝟎.𝟎𝟏𝟏𝟓
𝑹= ±
𝟐.𝟑𝟕𝟑
∈𝑹=±𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟒𝟖

̅
Para 𝒛

∈ 𝝏𝒁̅
𝑹= ̅
𝒁
∈ 𝟎.𝟎𝟏𝟑𝟐
𝑹=±
𝟖.𝟑𝟗𝟖
∈𝑹= ±𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟏𝟓𝟕

̅
Para 𝑴

∈ 𝝏𝑴̅
𝑹= ̅
𝑴
∈ 𝟏.𝟎𝟏𝟏
𝑹=±
𝟑𝟗.𝟑𝟎
∈𝑹= ±𝟎.𝟎𝟐𝟓𝟕
 ERROR PORCENTUAL

∈ % =∈𝑅 ∗ 100
̅
Para 𝒙
∈ % = 0.00331 ∗ 100
∈ % = 0.331

̅
Para 𝒀
∈ % = 0.0048 ∗ 100
∈ % = 0.48

̅
Para 𝒛
∈ % = 0.00157 ∗ 100
∈ % = 0.157

̅
Para 𝑴
∈ % = 0.0257 ∗ 100
∈ % = 0.257
 MAGNITUD RELATIVA
̅ ± 𝝏𝑿
𝑿=𝑿 ̅

̅
Para 𝒙
𝑿=𝑿 ̅ ± 𝝏𝑿̅
X = 2.423 ± 0.0080
X1 = 2.431
X2 = 2.415

̅
Para 𝒀
𝒀=𝒀 ̅ ± 𝝏𝒀̅
Y = 2.373 ± 0.0115
Y1 = 2.3845
Y2 = 2.3615

̅
Para 𝒛
𝒁=𝒁 ̅ ± 𝝏𝒁̅
Z = 8.398 ± 0.0132
Z1 = 8.4112
Z2 = 8.3848

̅
Para 𝑴
𝑴=𝑴 ̅ ± 𝝏𝑴̅
M = 39.30 ± 1.011
M1 = 40.311
M2 = 38.289