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Solucionario - Guía de Ciencias Álgebra PDF
Solucionario - Guía de Ciencias Álgebra PDF
Solucionario - Guía de Ciencias Álgebra PDF
z = -a – b 1 1 2
− = (De C → B)
En las 2 primeras ecuaciones: x y 7 − 2T
ax + by = a + b 1 1 4
+ =
x y 11
( −a − b)x + ay = −b
Resolviendo: x =1 ∧ y =1 1 4 1
Ahora: = → T=
3 − T 11 4
∴ x+ y +z = 2−a−b
CLAVE : C
CLAVE : A
06.
2 2 2
03. 6x −15x + 7 − 2x −5x −9 = (2x −3) − 4x −8x −11
Elevando al cuadrado
(x − 2)(2x + 1) ( )
2
2x −
7x + 18
=0
x∉
CLAVE : E
x −7
Con x = y: 2
=
x −3 2x3
217 − 7
(22 x + 2) (12x) – (33x + 11) (8x + 1) = 0 2x 4 + 7x2 − 21 = 0 → x 2 =
4
2 2
264x + 24x − 264x − 88x − 33x − 11 = 0 De aquí tenemos 2 soluciones:
11 2 2 2 2
−11 = 97x ∴ x=− Con x + xy + y ↔ x − xy + y = 3
97
3 3
x + y = (3 − 2xy)(x + y)
CLAVE : E
−7 ( x − 3 ) = (3 − 2xy)(x + y)y
2
1· 3 3 · 5 5 · 7 −7 ( x − 3 ) = ( 3 − 2xy ) xy + y ( )
2 2
07. E= + 2 + 3 + ...
2 2 2
−7 ( x − 3 ) = ( 3 − 2xy ) ( 3 − x )
2 2
Forma general de cada término:
2 2
4k − 1 Como x ≠ 3 : 3 − 2xy = 7 → xy = −2
k
2
Ahora tenemos:
∞
4k − 1
2
2
∴ E = ∑ = 23
2 2 2 2
x + y = 5 → x + − = 5
k
k =1 2 x
CLAVE : D 2 4 4 2
x + 2
= 5 → x − 5x + 4 = 0
x
a + b = −p ∧ ab = 1 ( x2 − 1)( x2 − 4 ) = 0 ,
aquí tenemos 4
08. Reemplazando : soluciones por tanto en total tenemos 6
c + d = −q ∧ cd = 1
soluciones.
(a − c)(b − c)(a + d)(b + d)
E= =1 CLAVE : E
2 2
q −p
09. Como: x + y = 23 → y = 23 − x
2 2
x + 12y + y + 12x = 33
2 2
x + 12(23 − x) + (23 − x) + 12y = 33
2 2
x − 12x + 276 + x − 34x + 529 = 33
2 2 Condición: nT = 11T → n = 11
(x − 6) + 240 + (x − 17) + 240 = 33
De donde: x − 6 = 4 → x = 10 n(n + 1)
T·K = 24K·n → T = 4
También: x − 6 = 7 → x = 13 2
CLAVE : C
10.
3 3
(2
x −3x = y −3y ↔ (x − y) x + xy + y −3(x − y) = 0
2
)
2 2
De donde: x = y ∨ x + xy + y = 3
12. PA ≥ PH : 2 2 1 2 1
*2x = 1 → x = : x −1= −
2 2
( a − 2 )2 ( a − 1)
= a +1
3−a
13
Resolviendo: a =
5
2
n 13 13
∴ E≥ * 2x 2 = → x2 = : x 2 − 1 = 0,3
n −1 5 10
CLAVE : B CLAVE : E
CLAVE : E x = −6 ∧ y = 9
Con: x + y = -1: -x – 2x + 6 = 0
2
x=2 ∧ y = −3
14. Sea: 2x = a , luego 1 ≤ a < 3
CLAVE : E
2
a +1+ a −1 =
3−a
En (2): ( -3y2 ) ( 2y ) + 6y = 0 1 40
En (1): m + 1 =
n 3
6y = 6y3
40n
m= ...(3)
3(n + 1)
1 = y2
3(n + 1) 33
+n =
2a4 x 6 bx3 b 40 10
E= = =
2a2 x 4 2a2 x 4 2a2 x
43n + 3 33
= → n=3
a2b
a2 a2 40 10
E= = = =1
2a4 x bx a2 40 · 3
En (3): m= → m = 10
3(4)
CLAVE : A
Ahora: x2 + y 2 = 10 → xy = 3
2yx2 + 3y · x + 6y = x + 2 CLAVE : A
2y · x 2 + ( 3y − 1) x + ( 6y − 2 ) = 0
EXAMEN Nº 2
2
Se cumple: ( 3y − 1) − 4 ( 2y )( 6y − 2 ) ≥ 0
( 3 · 22 )4 · 510 · 23 · ( 5 · 3 )5
01. K=
9y 2 − 6y + 1 − 48y 2 + 16y ≥ 0 38 · 5 4 · ( 5 · 2 )
11
→ K=3
1 1 CLAVE : A
(13y + 1)( 3y − 1) ≤ 0 ↔ − ≤y≤
13 3
1
∴ " y " máximo =
3 5 x +1 ( 52 − 51 + 1)
02. A = = 25 − 5 + 1 = 21
CLAVE : B 5 x +1
2 x +1 (1 + 21 + 22 )
B= = 2 x +1− x +3 = 16
2x −3 ( 22 + 21 + 1)
20. ( x2 + y2 ) 1 40
+ 1 = ... (1)
xy 3 → A>B
1 33
xy + 1 = ... (2) CLAVE : A
2 2
x +y 10
Sea: x2 + y 2 = m ∧ xy = n
4
1 1 39n+1 · 756
03. xx = → xx = 4 · 4 07. E = 3n+ 2
4
2 2 36n+5 + 36n+ 2
1 39n+1 · 756
1 1 16 E = 3n+ 2
x x = 16 → xx = 36n+ 2 · 28
16 16
3n+ 2 n + 2
1 E= 3
∴ x=
16
→ E=3
CLAVE : D
CLAVE : A
0 0
04. A = 22 · 33 = 2 · 3 = 6
2 x 2 + 2x
7
08. A: = ( x + 1)
B = 22 · 4 · 6 ... · 14 = 22 · n x +1
1
−27 7 1 −27 ( x+1)2
E = Bn · A−1 · ( −2) → E = 22 · ·2 2 = ( x + 1) → x + 1= 2 : x = 2 −1
6
1 1 ( x x2 )
E = 20 ·
2 +2
→
6
∴ E=
6 B: x xx
=4 ↔ ( xx )
2
= 22
2
CLAVE : C xx = 2 → x = 2 ∴ A <B
CLAVE : B
3x 2x 1+ x x x
05. 32x − 22x = 3 x · 2x ↔
x
− =1 x 1+ x
x x 09. E= 9 · 9
2 3
x
3x 1 x x +1
Sea: = m > 0; m − = 1 ↔ m2 − m = 1 E = 1+ x
9
x m
2
2 → E=9
1 5 5 +1
m − = → m=
2 4 2 CLAVE : B
2
3x 5 +1 5 −1 2
= = =
2x 2 2 ( 5 − 1) 5 −1
1 2 3 n 226 − 1
10. + + + ... + =
2 22 23 2n 225
3 x ( 5 − 1) = 2 x +1
2n+1 − ( n + 2 ) 226 − 1 25 231 − 32
∴ x +1 x
3 ( 5 − 1) = 2 = 25 5 =
2n 2 2 230
CLAVE : B n+2
n = 30 → =8
4
CLAVE : A
06. E=n
( xn yn + ynzn + xnzn ) xn ynzn · 1
x n y n + xn zn + yn zn xyz
11. 3m − 2 = 4 ∧ n + 1 = −2
n xn yn zn 1
E= · → E =1 m = 2 ∧ n = −3
xyz
→ m · n = −6
CLAVE : A
CLAVE : B
1 1
2
1
12. M(x) = 12
; n = divisor de 12 Coef. = · 91 = · 9 → Coef. = 1
3 9
xn
CLAVE : A
n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12 ∴ Σvalores = 28
P ( x ; y ) ≡ 5y 2 + 6x3 y3 − x3 y − 3
13. a + b − 1 = 12 → a + b = 13
CLAVE : A
b−2 = 6 → b=8 ∧ a=5
∴ a · b = 40
20. ( x − α ) ( x − γ ) ≡ ( x − 5 )( x − θ ) + 2
CLAVE : C
Para x = 5: ( 5 − α ) ( 5 − γ ) = 2
1 2
14. b−2 = 3 → b = 5 2 1
−1 −2
a2 − 2a + 1 + 3 = 7 ↔ a2 − 2a − 3 = 0
−2 −1
∴ ∑ de valores de a = 2
Observa que: α = 4; 3; 6; 7
CLAVE : B
∴ ∑ de valores de α = 20
CLAVE : D
15. 2a − 1 = b ∧ 2b − 7 = a
2a − b = 1 ∧ 2b − a = 7
EXAMEN Nº 3
Sumando: a + b = 8
Se pide: E = 2(a + b) – 8 = 2(8) – 8 01. Como:
→ E=8 ab + ac + bc = a2 + b2 + c 2 → a = b = c
CLAVE : C
1 1 1 3
E= + + → E=
4 4 4 4
16. 2n + 3n – 6 + 5 = 39
CLAVE : A
5n = 40 → n = 8
∴ n +1 = 3
a3 + b3 + c 3 − 3abc
CLAVE : B 02. Se pide: E=
a+b+c
E = a2 + b2 + c 2 − ab − ac − bc
n 5n − 4
17. n − 1+ − =3 2 2 2
4 6 2E = ( a − b ) + ( a − c ) + ( b − c )
12n – 12 + 3n – 10n + 8 = 36 2E = 3 + 12 + 3 = 18 → E = 9
5n = 40 → n = 8
CLAVE : C
CLAVE : B
1
03. Se pide: E = x5 + +5
8m + n = 10 x5
18. 13m = 13 → m = 1 ∧ n = 2
3m + 2n = 7
Cuando: x =2+ 3
1 1 2 2
Observa que: = 2− 3 → x+ = 4 b b 1 b 1
x x 07. + + =0 ↔ + =0
a a 4 a 2
1 De donde: a = -2b
Alcuadrado : x 2 + = 14
2 5 1
x
x + 5 = 724 −2b + 3b 8b2
1 E= +
Alcubo : 3
x + = 52 x
b 4b2
x3
E = 1+ 2 ∴ E=3
E = 724 + 5 = 729 ∴ 729 = 27
CLAVE : D
CLAVE : D
1 1
08. x+ = 3 → x2 + 2 = 7
x x
04. x 2 ( a2 + b2 + c 2 ) = 2 ( a + b + c ) x − 3
1
( ax − 1)2 + ( bx − 1)2 + ( cx − 1)2 = 0 x 4 + 4 = 47 Final por Legendre:
x
1 2
Observa que: a=b=c = ( 47 )2 − ( x 4 − x −4 ) = 4 (1)
x
2
a2 + a2 + a2 + a 2 4a2 ( 47 + 2 )( 47 − 2 ) = ( x 4 − x −4 )
E= = =4
a2 a2 → x 4 − x −4 = 21 5
CLAVE : D CLAVE : B
09. ( a + b )2 + 1 = ( a + 1)( b + 1)
3 3 3
a + b + c
05. E = a2 + b2 + 2ab = ab + a + b
a b c
a+ a c =b+ b c → a2 + ab + b2 = a + b
(a − b) + c ( a − b ) = 0
( a − b ) ( a2 + ab + b2 ) = ( a − b )( a + b )
→ ( a − b)( a + b + c ) = 0
a3 − b3 = a2 − b2 ↔ a2 ( a − 1) = b2 ( b − 1)
Se cumple: a+ b+ c =0
3 a b c a2 ( a − 1)
E= → E=3 ∴ =1
a b c b2 ( b − 1)
CLAVE : A CLAVE : B
11. 14.
E = 5 + 3 + (4)(397) + 10 + 15 + 26
E = 59 + 1588 → E = 1647
→ A=6 CLAVE : A
15.
→B=8
∴ A<B
En el residuo: b = 9 ∧ a = 9
CLAVE : B ∴ a + b = 18
CLAVE : E
12.
3 3 3 2 2
16. x + y + (1) – 3(x)(y)(1) = (x + y + 1)(x + y
+ 1 – xy – x – y)
2
4 – 8b 4b – 2b
5 5 Condición:
2 2
2 – 4b x + y + 1 – xy – x – y = 0
5 2 2 2
(x – y) + (x – 1) + (y – 1) = 0
2 De donde: x = y = 1
En el residuo: 2b – b – 15 = 0 → b = 3
a + 3 – 4 = 10 → a = 11 CLAVE : D
∴ ab = 33
17.
CLAVE : D
13.
–2 3 2 3
En el residuo: a = 2 ∧ b = –3
→ R(x) = 14 ∴ a + b = –1
CLAVE : D CLAVE : E
18. EXAMEN Nº 4
B: R'(x) ≡ 1 – 1 + 2 + 1 → R'(x) ≡ 3
∴ A<B
CLAVE : B
4 2 2
En el residuo: 02. D(x) ≡ (1 + x) ≡ (x + 2x + 1)
2
P.T.R: x = 1
b – 2 + 10 = 0 → b = –8
2 2 2
R(x) ≡ (2x + 2) = 4(x + 1) = 4(x + 2x + 1)
3
a − 8 + ( −10) = 0 → a = 23 R(x) ≡ 4(1 + 2x + 1) = 8(x + 1)
2
∴ a + b = 15 CLAVE : D
CLAVE : C
03. P(x) ≡ (x – 3)(x – 2)Q(x) + ax + b
19. Si x = 3 : 3a + b = 7
a = 4 ∧ b = −5
Si x = 2 : 2a + b = 3
3 ∴ R(x) ≡ 4x – 5
4
CLAVE : B
Q(1) = 12 – 16 + 8 = 4
04. De acuerdo con la teoría, II es suficiente y I
no lo es
CLAVE : B
CLAVE : B
∴ R(x) ≡ 2x – 5
CLAVE : C
6 4 2
08. Por propiedad 13. P(x) ≡ x (x + 1) – x (x + 1) – x (x + 1) + (x + 1)
6 4 2
P(x) ÷ [(x + 1)(x + 2)(x – 3)] → R(x) ≡ 4 P(x) ≡ (x + 1)(x – x – x + 1)
4 2 2
CLAVE : B P(x) ≡ (x + 1)[x (x – 1) – (x – 1)]
2 4
P(x) ≡ (x + 1) (x – 1)(x – 1)
3 2 2
2n + 3k + 26 P(x) ≡ (x + 1) (x – 1) (x + 1)
09. = 11 ↔ 2n + 3k = 29
5
ΣF.P = x + 1 + x – 1 + x2 + 1 = x2 + 2x + 1
5n + 2k − 12
= 11 ↔ 5n + 2k = 45
3 CLAVE : C
Resolviendo: n = 7 ∧ k = 5
∴ n + k = 12
14. P(x; y) ≡ (x + y)3 − 1 + 3xy(1 − x − y)
CLAVE : A
2
P(x; y) ≡ (x + y – 1)[(x + y) + (x + y) + 1] –
3 15 – k –2 k – 1
10. tk = (x ) (x ) 3xy(x – y – 1)
47 – 5k
tk = x → 47 – 5k ≥ 0: k ≤ 9,4 2 2
3 15 – k – 1 –2 k
P(x; y) ≡ (x + y – 1)(x + y + x + y – xy + 1)
tk + 1 = (x ) (x )
42 – 5k CLAVE : D
tk + 1 = x → 42 – 5k < 0: k > 8,4
Observa que: k = 9
4 4 4 4 4
Nº de términos fraccionarios = 15 – 9 = 6 15. P(x; y; z) ≡ x y – x z + y z – xy + z (x – y)
3 3 4 4 4
CLAVE : B P(x; y; z) ≡ xy(x – y ) – z(x – y ) + z (x – y)
2 2 2
P(x; y; z) ≡ (x – y)(x – z)(y – z)(x + y + z +
3 3 2 2 3 xy + xz + yz)
11. P(x; y) ≡ xy (y – 5xy – 4x y + 20x )
3 2
P(x; y) ≡ xy [y (y – 5x) – 4x (y – 5x)]
2 CLAVE : E
3 2 2
P(x; y) ≡ xy (5x – y)(4x – y )
3
P(x; y) ≡ xy (5x – y)(2x + y)(2x – y) 16.
→ A=5
2 2 2 2 2
F(x; y) ≡ x(x – y ) + y(x – y ) + (x – y )
→ B=3
2
P(x) ≡ (2x – 3)(3x + 5x + 3)
∴ A>B
CLAVE : C
CLAVE : A
3 2 2 2 2 2
17. P(x) ≡ x (x – 3) + 8(x – 3) MCM ≡ (a – b )
2 2
P(x) ≡ (x – 3) (x + 2)(x – 2x + 4) CLAVE : C
o
N. de factores = 12
CLAVE : C
(x + 3)(x − 3)(x − 1) x + 3
04. F(x) ≡ ≡
(x − 1)(x − 2)(x − 3) x − 2
4
18. P(x) ≡ x + 3x – 2 (aspa doble especial)
2 2
CLAVE : B
P(x) ≡ (x + x – 1)(x – x + 2)
IV IIF IIIF IVF
(x + 2)(x − 1) (x + 3)(x + 4)
CLAVE : C 05. F(x) ≡ +
(x + 3)(x − 1) (x + 3)(x + 3)
x + 2 x + 4 2x + 6
19. Divisores binomios F(x) ≡ + ≡ =2
x+3 x+3 x+3
P(x) ≡ (x + 1)(2x – 3)(x – 3)
CLAVE : C
ΣF · P ≡ 4x – 5
2
F(x) ≡ (x + 1) (3x – 4) 06. A(a; b) ≡ (a + 3b)(a – 2b)
ΣF · P ≡ 4x – 3 B(a; b) ≡ (a – 2b)(a + b)
2
∴ A<B C(a; b) ≡ (a – 2b)
CLAVE : B MCD ≡ a – 2b
CLAVE : C
CLAVE : B 2 2
(x + 1) ≡ (MCD) → MCD ≡ x + 1
CLAVE : A
EXAMEN Nº 5
2 4
01. MCD ≡ (x + 2) (x – 3)
1 x(x + y) + x(x − y) + 2xy
08. S=
CLAVE : C 2 x2 − y2
1 2x 2 + 2xy x(x + y) x
4 2
02. MCM ≡ (x + 3) (x + 1) (x – 2) (x + 7) (x + 5)
6 4 6 6 S= = =
2 x 2 − y2 x 2 − y 2 x − y
CLAVE : E
CLAVE : C
2
→ MCD ≡ x + x + 1 o
k = 15
CLAVE : B
→ k = 0; 15; 30; 45; 60; 75; 90; 105; 120
o
N. de términos irracionales = 121 – 9 = 112
10. P(1) = 0 ↔ 1 – 6 + 11 – m = 0 : m = 6
Q(1) = 0 ↔ 1+2–1–n=0:n=2 CLAVE : C
∴ m+n=8
(n + 7)!(n + 5)!
11. = 15! ↔ (n + 6)! = 15!
(n + 5)!(n + 7) 2006 2005 2004
x + 1 Cx − C2005 C
17.
x
x −1 = 2x − 11
n + 6 = 15 → n = 9 2
C2005 − 2006 C2005 · C2004
x x +1 x x −1
CLAVE : B
2005 − x 2004
12. Cxx ++14 = 2C xx ++13 x + 1 Cx −1
= 2x − 11
2006 2004
C2005
x − Cx −1
(x + 4)! 2(x + 3)! x +1
=
3!(x + 1)! 2!(x + 1)! 2005 − x
x+4 1 x +1 = 2x − 11
= ↔ x+4 = 6:x =2 2005 2006
3 2 −
x x +1
CLAVE : D x = 2x – 11 ↔ x = 11
CLAVE : D
13. Multiplicar por (x + 1)
→ x+1=6:x=5 CLAVE : D
CLAVE : E
t 7 = c 96 x3n y3 z6
Condición:
3n 6 9n = 36
= →
6 3 n=4
CLAVE : D
EXAMEN Nº 6
z = |z| cis (53º)
(3 + i)(4 + i) 11 + 7i 11 7
01. z= = = + i
42 − i2 17 17 17 z = 4[cos(53º) + i sen(53º)
11 3 4
→ A= z = 4 + i
17 5 5
(3 − i)(4 − i) 11 − 7i 11 7 12 16
w= = = − i z= + i
2 2 17 17 17 5 5
4 −i
CLAVE : E
7
→ B=−
17
2 3 2008 2008
∴ A>B 06. P = i + i + i +…+ i –i = 0 – 1 = –1
CLAVE : A CLAVE : C
9
−2 i9 −2i ( −6 + 2 7 i)2 + ( −6 − 2 7 i)2
02. z= = 07. E=
1+ i 1+ i 16
2
(1 − i)2 1 − i 2 ( −6)2 + ( 2 7 i ) 36 − 28
z= = = −i E= = =1
1+ i 1+ i 16 8
CLAVE : C
CLAVE : B
03. z1 – z2 = –2 + 3i
a − 2i a 2 3a
z1 − z2 = −2 − 3i 08. z= → = : =b
b − 3i b 3 2
CLAVE : C b + (a + 8)i a = −4
z= → a + 8 = −a :
a + bi b = −6
z +1 w −1 ∴ ab = 24
04. e + = e(1) = 1
z+w z−w
CLAVE : C
CLAVE : C
5
2 2 2 12 · 4 6 · 43
05. z = x + yi → x + (y – 5) = 3 09. | z |= =1
5
12 · 6 · 43
CLAVE : D
10. z = x + yi 1+ 1
2 2
Para x = 5: VN = − = −1
x + y – 2i(x + yi) + 2n + 2ni = 0 2
2 2
CLAVE : B
(x + y + 2y + 2n) + (2n – 2x)i = 0
2 2
x + y + 2y + 2x = 0
14. Se tiene:
Aquí se cumple:
−1
E = ( 3 − 2 ) + ( 4 − 3 ) + ( 5 − 4 ) + ... ( 20 − 19 )
2 2 2
(2) – 4(1)(x + 2x) = 0 ↔ 1 – x – 2x = 0
2 2 −1
x + 2x – 1 = 0 ↔ (x + 1) = 2 1 20 + 2
E = − 2 + 20 = =
20 − 2 18
∴ x = 2 −1
CLAVE : C
CLAVE : B
1 fr
2 15. A :E = =
11. E= +1 3 2 3 4
3 25 · 3 + 3 5 · 9 + 3 27 3 − 3 +1
1 2
5
4 + 5 2 +1 ( 5 4 + 5 2 + 1) fr
E= 3 · +1 B:K = =
5
3 3 5 + 3 5 3 3 + 3 32
2 11 − 5 7 4
→ A =B
fr 2fr
E= · +1
3 5−3 CLAVE : C
fr
E= +1
3
4 2
16. E= 3+ 2· ( 3 − 2)
CLAVE : C
E= 3+ 2· 3 − 2 = 3−2 = 1=1
1
12. E= x+ 8x − 1
4 CLAVE : B
8 E = 8x + 2 8x − 1 = 8x − 1 + 1
17.
2
8x − 1 1 E = 5x – 2 + 2 6x – 7x – 3
E= +
8 8
CLAVE : B
→ E = 3x + 1 + 2x − 3
CLAVE : C
x−5
13. F=
x − 4 − 3x − 14
(x − 5) ( x − 4 + 3x − 4 ) x − 4 + 3x − 14 CLAVE : B
F= =−
−2(x − 5) 2
(2 + 2 2 x + a2 + x − b2 − c 2
3) (2 − 3) 02. =1
19. E= + (a + b − c)(a − b + c)
4−3 4−3
2 2 2 2 2
2x + a – b – c = a – (b – c)
E = 2+ 3 +2− 3
2x = 2bc → x = bc
→ E=4 CLAVE : A
CLAVE : D
m+3 4
03. = m −1=
3
4 −1 m 2m − 4
20. E = 3 3 2 −1 = 3 3 2 2
2 +1 m + 3 = m – m ↔ m – 2m – 3 = 0
De donde: m = 3 ∨ m = –1;
4 −1
E=3 sólo cumple m = 3
( 3 2 + 1) ( 3 4 2 + 3 4 + 1) CLAVE : A
3
E=3
( 3
2 + 1) ( 3 2
2 + 23 2 + 1 ) 3
04. x + x − x2 − x = x
2
3
3 3
E=3 = 2 3
3 3
2 +1 x + x − x x −1 = x
( 3 2 + 1) 2
3
3
3 (3 x + 1− x − 1 = ↔ 2 x + 2 − 2 x −1 = 3
E= 4 − 3 2 + 1) 2
3
2 x − 2 x −1 = 1 ↔ 2 x −1= 2 x −1
3 3
4 + 2 +1
E= 4x − 4 x + 1 = 4x − 4 ↔ 5 = 4 x
39
25
x=
4 32 31 16
E=3 − +
9 9 9 ∴ γ–α=9
CLAVE : B
4 2 1 7
∴ x+y+z= + + =
9 9 9 9
CLAVE : E 05. A : x 2 − 21 = 7 − x
2 2
x = 21 = 49 + x – 14x ↔ 14x = 70
x=5
EXAMEN Nº 7
→ A = 15
01. Sumando las dos últimas ecuaciones
B : 3 14 + x + 3 14 − x = 4
2x = 2 → x=1
Sumando las dos primeras ecuaciones 28 + 33 196 − x(4) = 64
x + y = 21 → y = 20
12 3 196 − x = 36 → 3 196 − x = 3
En la primera ecuación: z = 3
196 – x = 27 ↔ 169 = x
y 20
∴ = =5 → B = 16
x+z 4
∴ A<B
CLAVE : B CLAVE : B
(a + b + c)2
(a + b + c)x = (a + b + c)2 → x =
a+b+c
228 = 57x ↔ 4 = x Por condición: a + b + c = 0
→ A=4
CLAVE : E
1 1 3
B: − =
(x + 7)(x − 4) (x + 7)(x + 5) (x + 5)(x − 4) 1000 · 10 + x · 16
10. = 12
1000 + x
2
→ B=4 11. 8x – 3mx + (m – 1) = 0
∴ A=B 3m
x1 + x 2 =
8
CLAVE : C
m − 1 m m
x1 x 2 = x2 = ∧ x1 =
8 8 4
x1 = 2x 2
3
07. 7 + x − 3 49 − x + 3 7 − x = 1
m m m −1
· = → m2 − 4m + 4 = 0
a – ab + b = 1 ↔ a(1 – b) – (1 – b) = 0 8 4 8
2
(m – 2) = 0 → m = 2
(1 – b)(a – 1) = 0 ↔ a = 1 ↔ b = 1
1
∴ x2 =
3
7− x =1 → 7− x =1 4
CLAVE : C
6= x
De donde x = 36
12. 2m – 6 = 0 → m = 3
CLAVE : A
n–3=2 → n=5
2
∴ Ecuación: x – 8x + 15 = 0
08. 2 x 4 + x − 3 x + 4 + x = 1 + 2x
CLAVE : B
2
2 x 4 + x + 4 + x = 2 x + 3 x +1
2
13. Sumando: (x + y) + (x + y) – 6 = 0
4 + x ( 2 x + 1) = ( 2 x + 1)( x + 1)
Suponiendo: x + y = 2, en (2): xy = 0
CLAVE : B
9
3=2 x → =x
4
CLAVE : E
2
5m − 2 m − 1 2 20. kx + 8x + 4 = 0
15. = =
2n + 1 5 3 Condición: k≠0
10 13 ∴ k=1
m −1= → m=
3 3
CLAVE : A
CLAVE : D
2
EXAMEN Nº 8
16. γ = 1 – γ ; se pide:
x + 2005 y
γ5 + 8 01. 2005 xy ≤
E= 2
γ +1
(1 − γ )2 · γ + 8 2005 1
E= 2005xy ≤ ↔ xy ≤
γ +1 2 4
(1 − 2γ + 1 − γ )γ + 8
E=
γ +1 CLAVE : C
(2 − 3 γ )γ + 8
E=
γ +1
1 10
02. ≤ x ≤1 ↔ ≤ x+3≤4
2γ − 3(1 − γ ) + 8 3 3
E=
γ +1
1 1 3 3 1 1
5γ + 5 ≤ ≤ ↔ − ≤− ≤−
E= 4 x + 3 10 10 x+3 4
γ +1
5( γ + 1) 7 x+2 3 7 3
E= ≤ ≤ :m = ∧ n=
γ +1 10 x + 3 4 10 4
∴ E=5 CLAVE : E
CLAVE : A
x +1
03. F(x) =
(x + 6) (x + 1)2 + 1
2
17. x – 2x + 2 = 0
m+n mn 2 2 2
E=m ·n = m · n =(mn) x +1
I. F(x) ≤ 0 : ≤ 0 ↔ − 6 < x ≤ −1
x+6
2
E = (2) = 4
CLAVE : E 2−x x−2
II. F(1 − x) ≤ 0 : = ≤0 ↔ 2≤x<7
7−x x−7
x1 + x 2 = 8 Observa que: a = –1 ∧ b = 2 ∴ b – ab = 4
18. 7x1 = 35 → x1 = 5
3x1 − 4x 2 = 3
CLAVE : A
2
Asimismo: x =3 ∴ m = 15
CLAVE : D 2
04. m + 2 > 0 ∧ (2m) – 4(m + 2)(1) < 0
2
m+2>0 ∧ m –m–2<0
2
19. (8) – 4(k)(4) < 0 m + 2 > 0 ∧ (m – 2)(m + 1) < 0
35
05. x 2 − 5x + 54 > −(x 2 − x + 1) De donde: −10 < a < −
6
2
Se cumple: x
5x
− + 54
>0 CLAVE : A
∆<0
13. A: –3 ≤ x ≤ 2
A = –3 – 2 – 1 + 0 + 1 + 2 = –3
CS = −2; − 1] ∪ 0; ∞ − {1} B = –5 + 2 = –3
∴ a +b + c + d = –2 CLAVE : C
CLAVE : A
2 2
14. (a – 1) – 1 = a – 1
1
08. x+3 <3− x (a − 1)2 − a2 = 0 ↔ 2a − 1 = 0 : a =
2
x ≥0 ∧ x+3<9+x−6 x 2
1 1 1 3
f = −1= −1= −
x≥0 ∧ x <1 ↔ x ≥ 0 ∧ x <1 2 2 4 4
CS = 0; 1 CLAVE : A
CLAVE : D
1
15. sen(θ) = → θ = 30º
2
2
09. f(x) = 2x + (2a + 3)x + 8
1
f(3) · f(8) < 0 ∧ ∆ > 0 ∧ x1 + x2 > 0 A = a2 ; , ( −2; 1), ( − tan(θ); 3 )
2
∧ −
2a + 3
>0
Ran(A) = { 1
2
; 1; 3 }
2
CLAVE : B
(6a + 35)(a + 10) < 0 ∧ (2a + 11)(2a – 5) > 0
∧ 2a + 3 < 0
m 02. 2x = y → 2x = log2 y
16. 2x + m = 0 → x = −
2
2 2
2 x + 9 – 3(2x) = 0 ↔ (x – 3) = 0 : x = 3
m m
− + m − − 3 = −4
2 2
Final: 23 = y → 64 = y
m2 m2
− = −1 ↔ m2 = 4 : m = 2 ∴ x + y = 67
4 2
CLAVE : D
CLAVE : C
x
03. ee = e π → e x = π
2; x > 0
17. F(x) =
−2; x < 0 ∴ x = Ln(π)
CLAVE : A
→ Ran(F) = {–2; 2}
CLAVE : D
1 − a 1 − b
04. F(a) + F(b) = log
1 + a 1 + b
2 2 2
18. a ≤ T ≤ b ↔ a ≤ T ≤ b
1 − (a + b) + ab
2 2 2 F(a) + F(b) = log
a (b – a) ≤ T (b – a) ≤ b (b – a) 1 + (a + b) + ab
2
→ |F(T) · (b – a)| ≤ b (b – a)
a+b
1 − 1 + ab a+b
CLAVE : C F(a) + F(b) = log = F
1 + a + b 1 + ab
1 + ab
2x; x ≥ 0 CLAVE : D
19. F(x) = ∴ es no decreciente
0; x < 0
2
CLAVE : E x +log xx 3
05. 99 99 = 66
2
x x 2 3 x 2
20. F(2001) = F(667 · 3) = F(667) = F(29) 99 · x = (99x) = 99 · → x=
3 3
F(2004) = F(1002 · 2) = F(1002)
CLAVE : C
F(1002) = F(334 · 3) = F(334)
F(334) = F(167 · 2) = F(167)
2006
F(2001) + F(2004) = F(29) + F(167) = F(…3) = 0 06. x = loga bc
2006
y = logb ac
CLAVE : A
2006
z = logc ab
1 1 1
E = 2004 + +
EXAMEN Nº 9 2006 2006 2006
x +1 y +1 z +1
2 12 4
01. (log x) = log 10 – log x E = 2004 logabc abc = 2004 1 = 1
2
(log x) + 4(log x) – 12 = 0
CLAVE : B
–6
(log x + 6)(log x – 2) = 0 ↔ x1 = 10 ∨ x2
2
= 10
–6 + 2 –4 x
∴ x1 · x2 = 10 = 10 07. logx4 = x ↔ x = 4
CLAVE : B ∴ x=2
CLAVE : D
08. 13. ÷a – r · a · a + r
De (1) : xy = 1
2 3a = 27 → a = 9
x x =4 2
De (2) : = 4 (9 – r)(9)(9 + r) = 648 ↔ 81 – r = 72
y
∴ r=3
∴ x=2
CLAVE : B
CLAVE : A
14. a : 2a : 4a
2
09. 1 – x > 0 ↔ –1 < x < 1
÷a · 2a · 4a – 4
∴ x ∈ −1; 1
2a – a = 4a – 4 – 2a
CLAVE : D a = 2a – 4 ↔ a = 4
E = 7a – 4
10. x > 0; x ≠ 1: x + 4y = 2 ∴ E = 24
1 n
∴ ambos datos son necesarios 15. 21 = 2( −2) + (n − 1) · ·
4 2
CLAVE : E
n
42 = ( −16 + n − 1)
4
x + 7 + 1− x
11. A) 2x =
2
2x = 4 → x = 2
De donde: n = 24
4 2
B) = ↔ x=9
x −1 4 CLAVE : E
∴ A<B
CLAVE : B 8 + 48
16. 588 = · n ↔ n = 21
2
o
∴ N. de medios = 19
q6 − 1
12. 364 = t1 (1)
q −1 CLAVE : B
3 2
t1q – t1q = 6t1q
→
2
q –q–6=0 17.
De donde: q = 3 ∨ q = –2
728
En (1): 364 = t1 ↔ t1 = 1
2
CLAVE : A
2 2 2 2 4 2
(tq ) = t + (t · q) → q –q =1
2 ÷ –2 · –4 + m · –8
2 1 5 1 5
q − = → q2 − =
2 4 2 2 –4 + m = –5
∴ m = –1
5 +1 5 +1
q2 = → q=
2 2 CLAVE : C
CLAVE : C
EXAMEN Nº 10
γ 5 +1 3
18. = → γ2 = 4 : γ = 2 01. x + a = xyz (1)
5 +1 γ
3
y + b = xyz (2)
5 +1 α 3
z + c = xyz (3)
= → 6 + 2 5 = 2α
γ 5 +1
3 3 3 3 3
De (1): (x + a) = x y z (4)
∴ α =3+ 5
3 3
Además: x – y = b – a
CLAVE : A
3 3
x –z =c–a
3 3
x + 1 x + 7 +6 y –z =c–b
19. = = = +3
x − 1 x + 1 +2 3 3
En (4): (x + a) = x (x + a – b)(x + a – c)
3 3 3
3
x + 7 = +3x + 3 ↔ 2x = 4 Supongamos: x = m
x=2 3
Luego: (m + a) = m(m + a – b)(m + a – c)
1:3:9 2 2 3 2 2
3m a + 3ma + a = (2a – b – c)m + (a – ab
12 – ac + bc)m
∴ t13 = 3
2 2 3
CLAVE : C (a + b + c)m + (2a + ab + ac – bc)m + a = 0
En la fórmula de Carnot:
2
20. y = xq ∧ z = xq
2 −2a2 −ab −ac +bc ± 0 −2a2 −ab −ac +bc
En (1): xq – 5x – 2xq = 10 m= =
2(a +b +c) 2(a +b +c)
2
x(q – 2q – 5) = 10 (3)
2 −2a2 − ab − ac + bc
En (2): 4xq + 3xq = –40 ∴ x=3
2(a + b + c)
2
x(4q + 3q ) = –40 (4)
CLAVE : C
Divido (3) ÷ (4):
q2 − 2q − 5 1 2 2
=− 02. x + y = a + a (1)
2 4
4q + 3q 2 2
y+x =a+a (2)
2 2
4q – 8q – 20 = 4q – 3q 2
Restando: x + y – x – y = 0
2
2
7q – 4q – 20 = 0 (x + y)(x – y) – (x – y) = 0 → x + y = 1
2 2
En (2): x –x+1–a–a =0
1 ± (2a − 1)(2a + 3)
x= → n=2
Con q = 2: en (3) tenemos 2
x(4 – 4 – 5) = 10 → x = –2 CLAVE : B
y = –4
z = –8
2 2
03. x – y = 11 (1) Con xy = 3: en (1)
2
y –9=x (2)
1
Sumando: x – x – 20 = 0
2 y= ∧ x=6
2
Con x = –4: 2
Final: E = x + xy + 2y = 36 + 3 + 1
2
y =5 ↔ y= 5 ∨ y=− 5
∴ E = 40
CLAVE : D
CLAVE : C
En la primera:
08.
1 z 3z 1
+z+ = ↔ z=−
4 4 4 2
2 2 2
3
∴ x+y+z= (1)
4
3 3 3 3 3
Como: –x + y + z = –1 → y = –z
CLAVE : C
y = –z (2)
De (1) y (2): y=0 ∧ z=0
05. (2) en (1): ∴ única solución real = (1; 0; 0)
2 2
x + (mx – 5) = 16
CLAVE : A
2 2
(m + 1)x – 10mx + 9 = 0
2 2
Se cumple: (–10m) – 4(m + 1)(9) = 0
2 2
25m – 9m – 9 = 0 → 16m = 9
2 1 −1
09. A=
0 1
3 3
De donde: m= ∨ m=−
4 4 1 −2
A2 =
0 1
CLAVE : A
1 −3
A3 =
0 1
2 2 2
06. x y + xy + xy = 27y
2 2 2
x y + x y + xy = 5x
2 2 1 −n
Ahora: x y + 5 = 28y (1) An =
2 2 0 1
x y + 27 = 6x (2)
Multiplicando: n(n + 1)
n −
→ H= 2
0
4 2
(xy) + 32(xy) – 168(xy) + 135 = 0
1
2 2
[(xy) + 4(xy) + 45][(xy) – 4(xy) + 3] = 0
2
(xy) – 4(xy) + 3 = 0 CLAVE : B
xy = 3 ∨ xy = 1
an nan−1 44
10. An = 13. H= · A T = 43 A T → H = 413
0 an A
2 –1 T 3 –1 T
M = 4 · 4(A ) = 4 (A )
1 a
n n−1
−na
→ A −n = 2n
a 0 1
an M = 412 A −1 = 412 · → M = 411
4
an+ 4 a −nan−1 (n + 1) a
n 13 11 24 48
A −n · C = ∴ E=4 ·4 =4 =2
a2n 0 an a 0
CLAVE : E
an an+1 a4 a5
A −n · C = a4 −n
an+1 0 a5 0 14. Sea:
x +1 3x y + 2x y +1 x +1 2x −1 2x −1 y +1
a 0
B= 2y y +1 2− y 1 2y 1− y 1− y 1
E= =
1 a x+2 0 1 x + 3 x + 2 −x − 2 −x − 2 x + 3
y −1 1 x+2 x+y y −1 2− y 2− y x+y
1 a 0
→ B−1 = 2 ·
a −1 a Se realizo: C2 – C1 y C3 – C4 → E=0
1 a 1 a 0
Final: x = a4 · 2 CLAVE : D
a 0 a −1 a
1 a a 0
x = a2 · · 15. Sumando a la primera fila todas las demás
a 0 −1 a
1 1 1 1
0 a2 0 a4
2
x = a · = a x a a
a2 0 a 4 0
[ x + (n − 1)a] · a a x a
CLAVE : D
a a a x
CLAVE : A
x4 0 0 x3 0 0
12. A = b a b · x1 − a a b · x2
d c d c c d
k + 9 −3 k −1 2
16. + = 95
a b a b k+3 1 5−k 3
A = x4 · x1 − x3 · x2
c d c d
k + 9 + 3k + 9 + 3k – 3 – 10 + 2k = 95
|A| = x4x1(ad – bc) – x3x2(ad – bc)
90
|A| = (ad – bc)(x4x1 – x3x2) 9k + 5 = 95 → k = ∴ k = 10
9
→ |A| = –10
CLAVE : E
CLAVE : D
1 0 0
T EXAMEN Nº 11
A = 0 b c
a 0 0
01. x1 = a – 3r; x2 = a – r; x3 = a + r; x4 = a + 3r
0 ac a Propiedad:
2
B = 0 b − b −c 4a = –8 → a = –2
−a bc 0
x1 · x2 · x3 · x4 = –15
2 2 2 4 2
ac = 3 ∧ b – b = 2 ∧ bc = 6 (9r – 4)(r – 4) = –15 ↔ 9r – 40r + 31 = 0
2 2
02. m x – 4x + 1 = 0
1 1
19. = 64 → A = 2 2 2
3 4 (–4) – 4(m ) > 0 ↔ m – 4 < 0
A
–2 < m < 2; m ≠ 0
2
2 1 1 CLAVE : E
A2 = A = =
4 16
CLAVE : B 03.
20. Como A = B:
x − 2y = 3
x =5 ∧ y =1
6 − x = y
3 5 −1 1 1 −5
A= → A =−
2 1 7 −2 3
2 1 7 8
C= → C2 =
3 6 24 39
2
Final: A = ( 4 2 ) − π(1)2 = 32 − π
1 1 −5 7 8 CLAVE : D
D = −9 · ·
7 −2 3 24 39
x
04. y = F(x) = 2
ax + b
−9 −113 −187
D=
7 58 101 2 2
ay · x + by = x ↔ ay · x – x + by = 0
2 2
(–1) – 4(ay)(by) ≥ 0 ↔ 4aby – 1 ≤ 0 2
g * (1/ 2) =
5
2
(2 aby ) − (1)2 ≤ 0 E = f(2/5) → E = 4/3
1 1 CLAVE : A
− ≤y≤
2 ab 2 ab
CLAVE : C 09. a + b + c = 0
ab + ac + bc = p
05. F(x) = |x – a| - x abc = –q
2 2 2
a + b + c = -2p
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
a b +a c +b c =p
3 2
EC: x – s1x + s2x – s3 = 0
2p2
Donde: s1 =
q
s2 = –5p
2p3 + q2
s3 =
q
∴ a=3 3 2 2 3 2
∴ EC: qx – 2p x – 5pqx – 2p – q = 0
CLAVE : C
CLAVE : B
lim (a x − 1) + (b x − 1) + (c x − 1)
2 3 L = e x →0
08. f g = ... (1)
5 4 3x
f(2/5) = 4/3 1
Ln(abc)
L= e 3
f*(3/4) = 1/2
E = f(g*(1/2)) → L = 3 abc
CLAVE : D
3 2
De (1): g * f * =
4 5
1 3 3n + 5 1 ∞
3
12. L − an <
1000000
↔ − <
4 4n +12 1000000
16. E= ∑ (3n + 2)(3n − 1)
n=1
∞
1 1
3−
3n + 5
<
1
↔
4
−<
1 E= ∑
3n − 1
−
3n
telescópica
+ 2
n + 3 250000 n+3 250000 n=1
1 1 1
E= − → E=
1000000 < n + 3 ↔ n > 999997 3 −1 ∞ 2
CLAVE : A CLAVE : B
∞ ∞ n
13. L = lim x [Ln(x + 1) − Ln(x)] 1 1
x →∞ 17. E=4 ∑ n·
n ∑ 2
−
n=1 2 n=1
x E = 4(2) – (1) = 8 – 1
1
L = lim Ln 1 +
x →∞ x → E=7
1
x CLAVE : A
L = Ln lim 1 + = Ln(e) = 1
x →∞ x
L = lim n2 x − 1
n(n+1)
CLAVE : A n→∞
n(n+1) x − 1
L = lim
15. bn = 5 + (n – 1) · 4 = 4n + 1 n→∞ n −2
n–1
cn = 5(–3) Hospitall – Bernoulli: L = Ln(x)
bn 4n + 1 CLAVE : C
an = =
cn 5( −3)n−1
4n + 5 | z |2 − | z | +1
an+1 = 19. Log 3
≤ log 3
3
5( −3)n 2+ | z |
2
4n + 5 z − z +1 2
≤3 ↔ z −4 z −5 ≤ 0
2+ z
an+1 5( −3)n 4n + 5
= =
an 4n + 1 (4n + 1)( −3) (|z| – 5)(|z| + 1) ≤ 0 ↔ |z| – 5 ≤ 0
5( −3)n−1 |z| ≤ 5 ↔ x + y ≤ 5
2 2 2
2
∴ área: 25 π µ
a 4n + 5 1
lim n+1 = = <1
x →∞ an 3(4n + 1) 3 CLAVE : A
CLAVE : C
Ln(x) ≥ 1 ↔ Ln(x) ≥ 0 ∧ Ln(x) ≥ 1
∴ Σ de cifras de a2 = 10 Σ de cifras = 32
CLAVE : D CLAVE : D
a 1 1 1 1 a
a − + = a(a2 −1) − (a −1) + (1− a) = 0
1 a 1 a 1 1 08.
2 2
(a – 1)(a + a – 1 – 1) = 0 ↔ (a – 1) · (a + 2) = 0
De donde: a = 1 ∨ a = –2
CLAVE : C
04.
2x − 5y = 1 x = 6 Obs: F(1) = 1 + b + c > 0
m+4
m−8
mx + 10y = 4 y = CLAVE : C
−5m − 20
09.
De (2) y (4): yz = 2
De (2) y (3): x(y + z) = 7 + yz
x(6 – x) = 7 + 2
2
x – 6x + 9 = 0 ↔ x = 3
CLAVE : C
2 2
∴ EC: x – px + q = 0
x 0
2 2
CLAVE : B < → x>0
5 5
CLAVE : B
2
10. F(x) = ax + bx + c ≥ 0 ∀x ∈
−1 ≤ x − x − 1 < 0
x3 + ax 2 + 18 = 0 2
11. ax − bx + 6 = 0
x3 + bx + 12 = 0
∴ Ran(F) = −1; 0
3 2 2
Como (x + ax + 18) ÷ (ax – bx + 6) es una
división exacta: a = 1 CLAVE : C
nx · (x − 1)!
15. F(n) =
2 (n + 1)(n + 2)(n + 3)...(n + x)
(x − 1)!
F(n) =
(n + 1)(n + 2)(n + 3)...(n + x)
Se cumple:
2
b +b=6 ∧ b+1=3 n · n · n · ... · x veces
Cuando n → ∞: L = (x – 1)!
x2 + y 2 + z2 = 14
12. xy + xz + yz = 11 (4)
CLAVE : C
x + y + z = 6
3 2 2 3
16. logx(e x ) = eloge(e x ) Finalmente:
3logxe + 2 = e(2 + 3logex) E = a + aq + q(aq) = a + 2 + 2q
2
3 3 + 2m E= + 2 + 2 ( 80 + 9 )
+ 2 = e(2 + 3m) ↔ = 2e + 3em 9 + 80
m m
2 E = 2 ( 9 − 80 ) + 2 + 2 ( 80 + 9 )
3em + (2e – 2)m – 3 = 0
E = 18 + 2 + 18 → E = 38
2
−(2e − 2) + (2e − 2) + 36e CLAVE : C
m=
6e
−(2e− 2)+ * 1
x1 = 6e e 18. 1 ≤ x 2 + 1 < ∞ ↔ 0 < 2 ≤1
x +1
−(2e− 2)− * 3
x2 = 6e e 0< 2 ≤3
x +1
2− 2e
−(2e− 2) Luego: y = 0; 1; 2; 3
→ x1 · x 2 = x1 = 6e e =e 3e
2
17. a : aq : aq (1)
4x
2
÷ a · aq · aq – 32 (2) 19. y = F(x) =
1 + x2
2
a : aq – 4 : aq (3) 2
yx – 4x + y = 0 → (–4) – 4y ≥ 0
2 2
2 2 2 2
De (3): (aq – 4) = (aq) 16 – 4y ≥ 0 ↔ y –4≤0
De (2): 2 – a = 2q – 32 – 2 CLAVE : A
a + 2q = 36 (5)
x x
De (4) y (5): (36 – 2q)q = 2 20. log2(3 – 1) ≥ 0 ∧ log2(3 – 1) < 1
x x
2 3 –1≥1 ∧ 3 –1<2
q – 18q + 1 = 0
x x
3 ≥2 ∧ 3 <3
(q − 9)2 = 80 → q = 80 + 9 x ≥ log32 ∧ x < 1
∴ x ∈ log3 2; 1
CLAVE : A