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Leydeboyle 130227132111 Phpapp01
Leydeboyle 130227132111 Phpapp01
Ttulo de la prctica:
Ley de Boyle
Profesor:
Nombre:
Paralelo:
Trmino Ao:
I Trmino 2011
RESUMEN:
OBJETIVO:
Utilizar la ley de Boyle para calcular experimentalmente el nmero de
moles de aire dentro de un recipiente a temperatura constante.
EQUIPO:
Aparato para ley de Boyle.
FUNDAMENTO TERICO:
Los tomos y las molculas en el estado gaseoso se comportan como
centros puntuales de masa que slo en el rango de las altas presiones y
bajas temperaturas son afectadas por las fuerzas atractivas. Fuera de estos
lmites, las propiedades fsicas de un gas se deben principalmente al
movimiento independiente de sus molculas.
= (proceso isotrmico)
La magnitud de la constante k es funcin de la cantidad qumica de gas y de
la temperatura. Para dos estados diferentes 1 y 2 la ley implica:
1 1 = 2 2
EXPERIMENTO:
1. Abrir la llave que se encuentra en la parte
superior, despacio.
2. Poner a la misma altura ambos puntos del
mercurio.
3. Cerrar la llave lentamente.
TABLA DE DATOS:
H(m) h(m)
0.5102
0.9102
1.2102
1.5102
2.0102
2.2102
2.9102
3.3102
CLCULOS:
Determine el volumen
= (7.7 0.1)103
2
=
4
2
= +
2 4
2 (7.7103 )
= = (0.5102 ) = .
4 4
2
(0.5102 )(7.7103 ) (7.7103 )
V1 = (0.1103 ) + (0.2102 ) = 9.91108
2 4
2 (7.7103 )
= = (0.9102 ) = .
4 4
2 (7.7103 )
= = (1.2102 ) = .
4 4
(1.2102 )(7.7103 ) 3 )
(7.7103 )2
V3 = (0.110 + (0.2102 ) = 1.08107
2 4
2 (7.7103 )
= = (1.5102 ) = .
4 4
2 (7.7103 )
= = (2102 ) = .
4 4
2 (7.7103 )
= = (2.2102 ) = .
4 4
(2.2102 )(7.7103 ) 3
(7.7103 )2
V6 = (0.110 ) + (0.2102 ) = 1.19107
2 4
2 (7.7103 )
= = (2.9102 ) = .
4 4
2 (7.7103 )
= = (3.3102 ) = .
4 4
=
=
V1 = 1/V1 V1 = V1 /(1 )2
V1 = 1/2.33x107 V1 = (9.91108 )/(2.33107 )2
V1 = 4.29106 [1/m3 ] V1 = 1.83106 [1/m3 ]
V2 = 1/V2 V2 = V2 /(2 )2
V2 = 1/4.19x107 V2 = (1.04107 )/(4.19x107 )2
V2 = 2.38106 [1/m3 ] V2 = 5.92105 [1/m3 ]
V3 = 1/V3 V3 = V3 /(3 )2
V3 = 1/5.59x107 V3 = (1.08107 )/(5.59x107 )2
V3 = 1.78106 [1/m3 ] V3 = 3.46105 [1/m3 ]
V4 = 1/V4 V4 = V4 /(4 )2
V4 = 1/6.98x107 V4 = (1.11107 )/(6.98x107 )2
V4 = 1.43106 [1/m3 ] V4 = 2.28105 [1/m3 ]
V5 = 1/V5 V5 = V5 /(5 )2
V5 = 1/9.31x107 V5 = (1.17107 )/(9.31x107 )2
V5 = 1.07106 [1/m3 ] V5 = 1.35105 [1/m3 ]
V6 = 1/V6 V6 = V6 /(6 )2
V6 = 1/1.02x106 V6 = (1.19107 )/(1.02x106 )2
V6 = 9.80105 [1/m3 ] V6 = 1.14105 [1/m3 ]
V7 = 1/V7 V7 = V7 /(7 )2
V7 = 1/1.35x106 V7 = (1.28107 )/(1.35x106 )2
V7 = 7.40105 [1/m3 ] V7 = 7.02104 [1/m3 ]
V8 = 1/V8 V8 = V8 /(8 )2
V8 = 1/1.54x106 V8 = (1.33107 )/(1.54x106 )2
V8 = 6.49105 [1/m3 ] V8 = 5.60104 [1/m3 ]
0 = (1.01 0.01)103
g = (9.81 0.01) ms2
Hg = (13.55 0.01)103 3
=
= + + +
1 = 0 Hg g H1
1 = 1.01x105 (13.55x103 9.81 102 )
1 = 9.97x104 [Nm2 ]
1 = 0 + gH1 Hg + Hg H1 g + Hg gH1
1 = (0.01x105 ) + (9.8 1x102 )(0.01x103 ) + (13.55x103 1x102 )(0.01)
+ (13.55x103 9.8)(0.02x102 )
1 = 1.02x103 [Nm2 ]
2 = 0 Hg g H2
2 = 1.01x105 (13.55x103 9.81 2x102 )
2 = 9.83x104 [Nm2 ]
2 = 0 + gH2 Hg + Hg H2 g + Hg gH2
2 = (0.01x105 ) + (9.8 2x102 )(0.01x103 ) + (13.55x103 2x102 )(0.01)
+ (13.55x103 9.8)(0.02x102 )
2 = 1.03x103 [Nm2 ]
3 = 0 Hg g H3
3 = 1.01x105 (13.55x103 9.81 3x102 )
3 = 9.70x104 [Nm2 ]
3 = 0 + gH3 Hg + Hg H3 g + Hg gH3
3 = (0.01x105 ) + (9.8 3x102 )(0.01x103 ) + (13.55x103 3x102 )(0.01)
+ (13.55x103 9.8)(0.02x102 )
3 = 1.03x103 [Nm2 ]
4 = 0 Hg g H4
4 = 1.01x105 (13.55x103 9.81 4x102 )
4 = 9.56x104 [Nm2 ]
4 = 0 + gH4 Hg + Hg H4 g + Hg gH4
4 = (0.01x105 ) + (9.8 4x102 )(0.01x103 ) + (13.55x103 4x102 )(0.01)
+ (13.55x103 9.8)(0.02x102 )
4 = 1.04x103 [Nm2 ]
5 = 0 Hg g H5
5 = 1.01x105 (13.55x103 9.81 5x102 )
5 = 9.43x104 [Nm2 ]
5 = 0 + gH5 Hg + Hg H5 g + Hg gH5
5 = (0.01x105 ) + (9.8 5x102 )(0.01x103 ) + (13.55x103 5x102 )(0.01)
+ (13.55x103 9.8)(0.02x102 )
5 = 1.04x103 [Nm2 ]
6 = 0 Hg g H6
6 = 1.01x105 (13.55x103 9.81 6x102 )
6 = 9.30x104 [Nm2 ]
6 = 0 + gH6 Hg + Hg H6 g + Hg gH6
6 = (0.01x105 ) + (9.8 6x102 )(0.01x103 ) + (13.55x103 6x102 )(0.01)
+ (13.55x103 9.8)(0.02x102 )
6 = 1.04x103 [Nm2 ]
7 = 0 Hg g H7
7 = 1.01x105 (13.55x103 9.81 7x102 )
7 = 9.17x104 [Nm2 ]
7 = 0 + gH7 Hg + Hg H7 g + Hg gH7
7 = (0.01x105 ) + (9.8 7x102 )(0.01x103 ) + (13.55x103 7x102 )(0.01)
+ (13.55x103 9.8)(0.02x102 )
7 = 1.04x103 [Nm2 ]
8 = 0 Hg g H8
8 = 1.01x105 (13.55x103 9.81 8x102 )
8 = 9.04x104 [Nm2 ]
8 = 0 + gH8 Hg + Hg H8 g + Hg gH8
8 = (0.01x105 ) + (9.8 8x102 )(0.01x103 ) + (13.55x103 8x102 )(0.01)
+ (13.55x103 9.8)(0.02x102 )
8 = 1.04x103 [Nm2 ]
Clculo de la pendiente
b = x 2 x1 b = x2 + x1
b = (4.62 2.84)x106 1/m3 b = (0.01 + 0.01)*105 1/m3
b = 1.78x106 1/m3 b = 0.02x106 1/m3
m=a/b m = (b a + a b) / b
m = 0.49x104/1.78x106 m=[(1.78x106 )(0.02x104)+(0.49x104 )(0.02*105)]/( 1.78x106 )
m = 2.75x10-3 N/m m = 1.43x10-4 N/m
= (, , ) [ ] []
RESULTADOS:
H(m) h(m) ( ) ( ) = ( )
0.5102 9.97104 2.33107 4.29106
2102 0.9102 9.83104 4.19107 2.38106
3102 1.2102 9.70104 5.59107 1.78106
1.5102 9.56104 6.98107 1.43106
2.0102 9.43104 9.31107 1.07106
2.2102 9.30104 1.02106 9.80105
2.9102 9.17104 1.35106 7.40105
3.3102 9.04104 1.54106 6.49105
PRECUACIN:
No abrir rpidamente la llave que se encuentra en la parte superior
debido a que se puede escapar el mercurio que se encuentra en el
interior.
GRFICOS:
10.8 P vs 1/V
10.6 y = 0.2387x + 9.1026
10.4
10.2
P gas (N/m) x10^4
10
9.8
9.6
9.4
9.2
8.8
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1/V (1/m) x10
Figura 1 Figura 2
DISCUSIN:
CONCLUSIONES:
REFERENCIA BIBLIOGRFICA: