Facultad de Qumica, UNAM Departamento de Fisicoqumica

TABLA DE CONVERSIONES DE UNIDADES

LONGITUD
1 m = 10-3 km = 10 dm = 100 cm = 1000 mm
1 m = 3.2808 ft = 39.3701 in
1 cm = 10 mm = 0.1 dm = 10-2 m = 0.393701 in = 0.032808 ft
1 mm = 0.1 cm = 0.01 dm = 10-3 m
1 nm = 1000 pm = 10 = 10-3 m = 10-6 mm = 10-7 cm = 10-9 m
1 m (1 micra) = 103 nm = 104 = 106 pm = 10-3 mm = 10-4 cm = 10-6 m
1 (1 Angstrom) = 10-10 m = 10-8 cm = 10-7 mm = 10-4 m = 0.1 nm = 100 pm
1 pm = 10-6 m = 10-3 nm = 0.01 = 10-9 mm = 10-10 cm = 10-12 m
1 in = 25.4 mm = 2.54 cm = 0.0254 m
1 ft = 30.48 cm = 12 in = 0.3048 m = 3.048 x 10-4 km
1 yd = 0.91459841 m
1 mi = 1.609 km = 1609.34 m = 5280 ft
NOTA:
in: inch (pulgada) plg
ft: feet (pies)
yd: yard (yarda)
mi: mille (milla)

MASA
1 kg = 1000 g = 2.2046 lb
1 g = 10-3 kg = 1000 mg = 106 g = 109 ng
1 lb = 0.454 kg = 454 g = 16 oz
1 ton mtrica = 1000 kg = 2205 lb
1 ton corta = 2000 lb
1 ton larga = 2240 lb
1 oz = 28.35 g = 0.02835 kg
1 slug = 32.1739 lb

PRESIN
1 Pa = 1 N/m2
1 GPa = 109 Pa = 103 MPa = 106 kPa
1 MPa = 106 Pa = 103 kPa = 10-3 GPa
1 kPa = 1000 Pa = 10 hPa = 10-3 MPa
1 hPa = 1 mbar = 100 Pa = 0.10 kPa
1 bar = 1000 mbar = 105 Pa = 100 kPa = 0.1 MPa = 10-4 GPa = 0.986923 atm = 14.5038 psia = 1.0197 kgf/cm2
= 750.062 mm Hg = 75.0062 cm Hg = 750.062 torr = 401.48 in H2O = 108 barias
1 atm = 1.01325 bar = 101.325 kPa = 0.101325 MPa = 1.01325 x 10-4 GPa = 101325 Pa = 14.7 lbf/in2 (psi)
= 1.0332 kgf/cm2 = 76 cm Hg = 760 mm Hg = 406.8 in H2O = 33.9 ft H2O
= 1.05 x 104 mm H2O = 1033.6 cm H2O = 1013250 dina/cm2 = 760 torr = 29.9212 in Hg
1 mm Hg = 13.6 mm H2O = 1.33 mbar = 133.322 Pa = 1 torr = 0.1 cm Hg = 0.03937 in Hg
1 lbf/in2 (psi) = 68948 dina/cm2 = 703.1 kgf/m2 = 6894.8 Pa = 0.0680 atm = 2.036 in Hg = 0.0689 bar
1 cm Hg = 13.6 cm H2O
NOTA:
psi: pounds per squared inch (libras fuerza sobre pulgada cuadrada)
psia: pounds per squared inch absolute (libras fuerza sobre pulgada cuadrada absolutas)
psig: pounds per squared inch gauge (libras fuerza sobre pulgada cuadrada manomtricas)
torr: torricelli

CANTIDAD DE SUSTANCIA
1 mol = 103 mmol = 106 mol = 10-3 kmol
1 kmol (kgmol) = 1000 mol = 106 mmol = 109 mol = 2.20463 lbmol
1 lbmol = 454 mol = 453 590 mmol

Elabor: Dr. Gerardo Omar Hernndez Segura

Facultad de Qumica, UNAM Departamento de Fisicoqumica

VOLUMEN
1 m3 = 1000 L = 103 dm3 = 106 cm3 = 35.3147 ft3 = 264.17 gal = 61023.7 in3
1 in3 = 16.39 cm3
1 ft3 = 28.3168 L = 0.02831 m3 = 28316.8 cm3
1 gal (UK) = 1.201 gal (US) = 4.546 L = 0.004546 m3 = 277.42 in3
1 gal (US) = 0.8326 gal (UK) = 3.785 L = 0.003785 m3 = 230.97 in3
1 L = 1 dm3 = 1000 cm3 = 1000 mL
1 cm3 = 1 mL
1 dL = 0.1 L = 10 cL = 100 cm3 = 100 mL

FUERZA
1 N = 1 kgm/s2
1 dina = 1 gcm/s2
1 lbf = 32.174 lb ft/s2 = 4.4482 N
1 kgf =1000 gf = 9.807 kgm/s2 = 9.807 N

ENERGA
1 J = 1 kgm2/s2 = 1 Nm = 1 Pam3 = 1 Ws
1 erg = 1 gcm2/s2 = 1 dinacm
1 J = 0.239 cal = 107 erg = 1 Nm = 9.48 x 10-4 Btu = 9.87 x 10-3 Latm = 2.778 x 10-7 kWh = 6.24150 x 1018 eV
1 kJ = 1000 J = 103 Pam3 = 104 barcm3 = 239.01 cal = 0.94845 Btu = 737.562 lb fft
= 1.0197 x 104 kgfcm = 9.86923 x 103 atmcm3
1 Btu = 1055.04 J = 252 cal = 778.161 lb fft = 10.412 Latm
1 cal = 4.184 J = 3.968 x 10-3 Btu = 4.19 x 107 erg = 4.13 x 10-2 Latm = 3.086 lbfft
1 Latm = 24.2 cal = 1.01 x 109 erg = 101 J = 0.096 Btu = 74.735 lbfft
0.082 Latm = 1.987 cal = 8.314 J
1 kWh = 3.6 x 106 J = 8.6042 x 105 cal = 3414.36 Btu
1 eV = 1.60218 x 10-19 J
NOTA:
Btu: British thermal unit (unidad trmica britnica)

POTENCIA
1 W = 1 J/s = 1 N m/s = 1 kgm2/s3
1 W = 0.23901 cal/s = 0.8064 kcal/h = 0.7376 ft lbf/s = 9.486 x 10-4 Btu/s = 3.4144 Btu/h = 1.341 x 10-3 hp
1 kW = 1000 W
NOTA:
hp: horse power (caballo de fuerza)

TIEMPO
1 ao = 365 das = 12 meses = 48 semanas
1 da = 24 h = 1440 min = 86400 s
1 h = 60 min = 3600 s

RELACIONES DE ESCALAS TERMOMTRICAS

t ( C) t ( F ) 32 T ( K ) 273.15 T ( R) 491.69

100 180 100 180
RELACIONES DE DIFERENCIAS DE TEMPERATURAS
t ( C) t ( F ) T ( K ) T ( R)

100 180 100 180
101325 Pa
Ejemplo: El factor unitario para convertir de mm Hg a Pa es
760 mm Hg

Elabor: Dr. Gerardo Omar Hernndez Segura

Facultad de Qumica, UNAM Departamento de Fisicoqumica

UNIDADES COMUNES EN LAS QUE SE EXPRESA LA CONSTANTE UNIVERSAL DE LOS

GASES
R = 0.082 Latm/molK
= 82.06 cm3atm/molK
= 8.314 m3 Pa/molK
= 0.0834 Lbar/molK
= 8 314 cm3kPa/molK
= 8.314 J/molK
= 8.314 x 107 erg/molK
= 83.14 cm3bar/molK
= 62 356 cm3torr/molK
= 62 356 cm3mm Hg/molK
= 62.356 Lmm Hg/molK
= 1.987 cal/molK
= 0.7302 ft3atm/lbmolR
= 1.987 Btu/lbmolR
= 10.73 ft3psia/lbmolR

UNIDADES DEL SISTEMA INTERNACIONAL

Magnitud: Nombre: Smbolo:

Longitud metro m
Masa kilogramo kg
Tiempo segundo s
Corriente elctrica ampere A
Temperatura kelvin K
Cantidad de sustancia mol mol
Intensidad luminosa candela cd

CONSTANTES FSICAS IMPORTANTES PARA LOS CURSOS DE TERMODINMICA Y

EQUILIBRIO Y CINTICA

Nmero de Avogadro NA = 6.022 x 1023 identidades qumicas/mol

Carga elemental del electrn e = 1.60 x 10-19 C
Constante de Faraday F = 96 500 C/mol
Constante de Boltzmann kB = 1.38 x 10-23 J/K
Constante de Planck h = 6.62 x 10-34 Js
Masa de unidad de masa atmica (uma) m = 1.661 x 10-27 kg

Elabor: Dr. Gerardo Omar Hernndez Segura