Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
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ZFMDPOTVNJEPS
Y estudiaremos:
t-BEJTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBM
4VTGPSNBTZDBOBMFT
t-BTUDOJDBTZUJQPTEF
merchandising.
t-BTFUBQBTEFMQSPDFTP
EFEFDJTJOEFDPNQSB
t&MDPNQPSUBNJFOUP
EFMDPOTVNJEPS
t-PTDPOEJDJPOBOUFT
FYUFSOPTEFM
DPNQPSUBNJFOUP
EFMDPOTVNJEPS
-BEJTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBMZFMDPOTVNJEPS
1. La distribucin comercial
-BTFQBSBDJOHFPHSGJDBFYJTUFOUFFOUSFQSPEVDUPSFTZWFOEFEPSFTIBDFOFDFTBSJPFM
USBTMBEPEFMPTQSPEVDUPTZTFSWJDJPTEFTEFFMMVHBSEFQSPEVDDJOIBTUBFMEFDPOTVNP
&TEFDJS
MPTGBCSJDBOUFT
NFEJBOUFMBEJTUSJCVDJO
DPMPDBOTVTCJFOFTFOFMNFSDBEPB
EJTQPTJDJOEFMPTDPOTVNJEPSFT
-Bdistribucin comercialQPOFFODPOUBDUPBQSPEVDUPSFTZDPOTVNJEPSFTFTUPTVQPOF
JNQPSUBOUFTSFQFSDVTJPOFTFDPONJDBTZTPDJBMFTFOMPTQBTFTEFTBSSPMMBEPT4FUSBUB
QPSUBOUP
EFVOBIFSSBNJFOUBGVOEBNFOUBMEFmarketingRVFDSFBVUJMJEBEFTBMPTDPO
TVNJEPSFTZTFSWJDJPTBMPTQSPEVDUPSFT
%FTEFRVFDPNJFO[BTVDBNJOP
EFTEFTVMVHBSEFGBCSJDBDJOIBTUBFMFTUBCMFDJNJFOUP
DPNFSDJBM
FM producto QBTB QPS EJWFSTPT JOUFSNFEJBSJPT RVF SFQSFTFOUBO MBT EJTUJOUBT
GBTFTEFMDBOBMEFEJTUSJCVDJO
&OGVODJOEFDVOUBTTFBOFTUBTGBTFT
TFEJTUJOHVFODVBUSPtipos de canales:
Canales
Caractersticas
Ultracorto/directo
/PFYJTUFOJOHOJOUFSNFEJBSJPFMQSPEVDUPMMFHBBMDPOTVNJEPS
mOBMEJSFDUBNFOUFEFTEFFMGBCSJDBOUF&KFNQMPCBODP
Corto
Largo
*OUSPEVDFEPTJOUFSNFEJBSJPTFOUSFFMGBCSJDBOUFZFMDPOTVNJEPSmOBM
&KFNQMPSFTUBVSBOUF
5PEPTMPTEFNTDBOBMFTRVFJOUSPEVDFONTJOUFSNFEJBSJPT
&KFNQMPBHFOUFTEFWFOUBT
DFOUSBMFTEFDPNQSBT
FUD
Muy largo
Tabla 1.1. Tipos de canales de distribucin del producto desde que se fabrica hasta que llega
al consumidor.
(SGJDBNFOUF
QPESBNPTSFQSFTFOUBSFTUPTDBOBMFTEFMBTJHVJFOUFGPSNB
'BCSJDBOUF
Importante
-PT intermediarios EF VO DBOBM
EFEJTUSJCVDJOTPOMPTNBZPSJTUBT
ZMPTNJOPSJTUBT
t-PT mayoristas DPNQSBO MPT
QSPEVDUPT B MPT GBCSJDBOUFT P
B PUSPT NBZPSJTUBT Z MPT WFO
EFOBMPTNJOPSJTUBTPBPUSPT
NBZPSJTUBT
QFSPOVODBBMDPO
TVNJEPSGJOBM
t-PT minoristas P detallistas
DPNQSBOMBTNFSDBODBTBMPT
GBCSJDBOUFTPBMPTNBZPSJTUBT
Z MPT WFOEFO EJSFDUBNFOUF BM
DPOTVNJEPSGJOBM
$FOUSBMEFDPNQSBT
Mayorista
$BOBMVMUSBMBSHP
$BOBMMBSHP
$BOBMDPSUP
$BOBMNVZDPSUP
Minorista o detallista
$POTVNJEPSFT
Esquema 1.1. Estructura vertical de los cuatro tipos de canales de distribucin del producto.
-BEJTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBMZFMDPOTVNJEPS
"EFNTEFMBOMJTJTSFMBUJWPBMONFSPEFJOUFSNFEJBSJPTFYJTUFOUFTFOUSFFMGBCSJDBOUFZ
FMDPOTVNJEPS
RVFEJTFBOMBFTUSVDUVSBWFSUJDBM MBMPOHJUVE
EFMDBOBM
TFQVFEFSFBMJ
[BSVOTFHVOEPBOMJTJTRVFDPOTJTUJSFOJEFOUJGJDBSFMONFSPEFEFUBMMJTUBTRVFPGSFDFO
FM QSPEVDUP FO MB MUJNB FUBQB EFM DBOBM
EFUFSNJOBOEP EF FTUF NPEP MB estructura
horizontalEFMNJTNP
&OGVODJOEFFTUBTFHVOEBDMBTJGJDBDJO
QPEFNPTEJTUJOHVJStres tipos de polticas de
distribucin:
Polticas de distribucin
Intensiva
4FMMFWBBDBCPBUSBWTEFMNBZPSONFSPEFQVOUPTEFWFOUBQPTJCMFZTFWFOEF
IBCJUVBMNFOUF
NFEJBOUFNBZPSJTUBTZEFUBMMJTUBT1PSTFSFMcanal largoZFTUBS
QSFTFOUFFMQSPEVDUPFONVDIPTQVOUPTEFWFOUB
FMDPOUSPMZMBDPPSEJOBDJOEF
UPEPTMPTJOUFSNFEJBSJPTEFMDBOBMFTNTCBKP&TUFUJQPEFEJTUSJCVDJOTFVUJMJ[B
DPOQSPEVDUPTEFDPNQSBGSFDVFOUF
EFQSJNFSBOFDFTJEBE
QPDPEJGFSFODJBEPTZ
FOUSFMPTRVFFYJTUBDPNQFUFODJBFOQSFDJPT&KFNQMPQBTUBEFEJFOUFT$PMHBUF
Selectiva
Exclusiva
4FDPOUFNQMBVOONFSPNOJNPEFFTUBCMFDJNJFOUPTDPNFSDJBMFT4VFMFBDPNQBBSTF
EFVOBDVFSEPNFEJBOUFFMDVBMFMGBCSJDBOUFHBSBOUJ[BBMEFUBMMJTUBRVFTFSFMOJDP
JOUFSNFEJBSJPFOVOB[POBHFPHSmDBEFUFSNJOBEB
NJFOUSBTRVFFTUFMUJNPTFDPN
QSPNFUFBOPPGSFDFSFOFMQVOUPEFWFOUBPUSBTMOFBTEFQSPEVDUPTEFNBSDBTEFMB
DPNQFUFODJB"TTFMPHSBVOBVNFOUPEFMprestigio del producto,BTDPNPVOPTNS
HFOFTTVQFSJPSFT
QVFTUPRVFOPTFQSPEVDFVOBMVDIBQPSDPOTFHVJSBMDMJFOUFBUSBWT
EFMQSFDJP&TUFUJQPEFEJTUSJCVDJOTFVUJMJ[BQBSBQSPEVDUPTPTFSWJDJPTRVFSFRVJFSBO
VOQPTJDJPOBNJFOUPEFTFSWJDJPFJNBHFO
QBSBBSUDVMPTEFEJTFPPQBSBQSPEVDUPT
JOEVTUSJBMFTEFNFSDBEPMJNJUBEP&KFNQMPBSUDVMPTEFNBSDBTEFMVKP-PFXF
Caso prctico 1
{$VMFTFMDBOBMEFEJTUSJCVDJOEFMBTTJHVJFOUFTFNQSFTBT
UFOJFOEPFODVFOUBFMONFSPEFEFUBMMJTUBTBUSBWTEFMPT
DVBMFTMMFHBFMQSPEVDUPBMEJTUSJCVJEPSGJOBM
a)
c)
Solucin:
a) +BHVBSMMFWBBDBCPVOBEJTUSJCVDJOFYDMVTJWB FYDMVTJWJ
EBEUFSSJUPSJBMZEFTVSUJEP
&MGBCSJDBOUFEFTFBNBOUFOFS
FMDPOUSPMTPCSFFMOJWFMEFTFSWJDJPPGSFDJEPQPSFMJOUFS
NFEJBSJP
b) 3JTUPSBOUF EJTUSJCVDJO JOUFOTJWB
NBZPS DPCFSUVSB EF
NFSDBEPZNFOPSDPOUSPM
b)
c) #BMBZEJTUSJCVDJOTFMFDUJWB
VUJMJ[BVOONFSPMJNJUBEP
EFQVOUPTEFEJTUSJCVDJO
Actividades
1. {2VUJQPEFDBOBMDSFFTRVFTFVUJMJ[BQBSBEJTUSJCVJSDBEBVOPEFMPTTJHVJFOUFT
QSPEVDUPT
a) 7FOUJMBEPSEFVTPJOEVTUSJBM
c)%FUFSHFOUFEFMBWBEPSB
b) 'SJHPSGJDPEFVTPEPNTUJDP
d) 4FSWJDJPEFQFMVRVFSB
2. 5FOJFOEPFODVFOUBFMONFSPEFEFUBMMJTUBTBUSBWTEFMPTRVFTFMMFHBBM
DPOTVNJEPSGJOBM
{RVFTUSBUFHJBEFEJTUSJCVDJOTFMMFWBSBBDBCPDPOMPTQSP
EVDUPTEFMBBDUJWJEBE
Vocabulario
Surtido. $POKVOUP EF QSPEVDUPT
RVFTFDPNFSDJBMJ[BOFOVOFTUB
CMFDJNJFOUP
&MTVSUJEPTFSamplioDVBOEPFM
ONFSP EF OFDFTJEBEFT RVF TF
TBUJTGBDFO MP FT TJ IBZ NVDIBT
SFGFSFODJBT QBSB TBUJTGBDFS VOB
NJTNBOFDFTJEBE
TFSprofundo.
9
-BEJTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBMZFMDPOTVNJEPS
&ODPOTFDVFODJB
IPZOPTFODPOUSBNPTDPOWJWJFOEPDPONMUJQMFTGPSNBTEFEJTUSJCVDJO
DPNFSDJBM
DPOTVTSFTQFDUJWPTNUPEPTEFWFOUB"VORVFOPFTUOSFQSFTFOUBEBTUPEBT
FO FM TJHVJFOUF FTRVFNB UFOFNPT VOB BNQMJB QBOPSNJDB EF MBT BMUFSOBUJWBT RVF TF
QVFEFOBEPQUBSBMBIPSBEFFTUBCMFDFSMBFTUSBUFHJBDPNFSDJBMEFVOFTUBCMFDJNJFOUP
&OMPTTJHVJFOUFTBQBSUBEPTDPOPDFSFNPTDPOEFUBMMFDBEBVOBEFFMMBT
5JFOEBTUSBEJDJPOBMFT
BVUPTFSWJDJP
TVQFSNFSDBEP
IJQFSNFSDBEP
UJFOEBTEFDPOWFOJFODJB
$FOUSPTDPNFSDJBMFT
UJFOEBTFTQFDJBMJ[BEBT
outlets,HSBOEFTTVQFSGJDJFTFTQFDJBMJ[BEBT
$PODPOUBDUP
Con
establecimiento
Sin
establecimiento
4JODPOUBDUP
Vending
$PODPOUBDUP
.FSDBEJMMPT
4JODPOUBDUP
-BEJTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBMZFMDPOTVNJEPS
8. Tiendas especializadas.&TUBCMFDJNJFOUPTFTQFDJBMJ[BEPTFOQPDBTMOFBTEFQSPEVD
UPT4VTVSUJEPFTQPDPBNQMJPZMOFBTNVZQSPGVOEBT FKFNQMP$PSPOFM5BQJPDB
9. Grandes superficies especializadas o Category killers. &TUBCMFDJNJFOUPT EF HSBO
TVQFSGJDJF NTEFN
FTQFDJBMJ[BEPTFOVOBDBUFHPSBEFQSPEVDUPT4VBN
QMJUVEZQSPGVOEJEBEFTUBOHSBOEFRVFMFTQFSNJUFBUFOEFSQSDUJDBNFOUFDVBMRVJFS
UJQP EF EFNBOEB &TUO MPDBMJ[BEBT FO JNQPSUBOUFT WBT EF DJSDVMBDJO
QSYJNBT
BHSBOEFTTVQFSGJDJFT-BTRVFTFEFEJDBOBMBDPNFSDJBMJ[BDJOEFPDJPZDVMUVSB
TVFMFOTJUVBSTFFOFMDFOUSPVSCBOP FKFNQMP$BTBEFM-JCSP
10. Centros comerciales.(SBOEFTTVQFSGJDJFTGPSNBEBTQPSDPOKVOUPTEFQFRVFPTFT
UBCMFDJNJFOUPTFTQFDJBMJ[BEPT*ODMVZFOVOHSBOBMNBDOPVOTVQFSNFSDBEP
RVF
TJSWFODPNPGPDPTEFBUSBDDJO5JFOEFOBDPNCJOBSVOBPGFSUBEFPDJPDPOMBWFOUB
EFQSPEVDUPT&TUOTJUVBEPTFOMBTDBMMFTQSJODJQBMFTZFOMBTQSPYJNJEBEFTEFMBT
DJVEBEFT FKFNQMP$FOUSP$PNFSDJBM9BOBE
.BESJE
&MDFOUSPDPNFSDJBMBCJFSUPFTUSFWPMVDJPOBOEPFMGFONFOPEFBTPDJBDJPOJTNPEF
QFRVFPTZNFEJBOPTDPNFSDJBOUFTTJUVBEPTFOVOB[POBVSCBOBDPODSFUB"USBWT
EFVOBHFTUJOVOJUBSJBZDPIFSFOUF
EFTBSSPMMBOVOBFTUSBUFHJBDPNFSDJBMEJONJDB
FJOOPWBEPSB FKFNQMP-BT3P[BT7JMMBHFP-B3PDB7JMMBHF
FO.BESJEZ#BSDFMPOB
SFTQFDUJWBNFOUF
DFOUSPTDPNFSDJBMFTRVFBEFNTUJFOFOMBQBSUJDVMBSJEBEEFBTP
DJBSQFRVFPTFTUBCMFDJNJFOUPTEFoutlets
11. Outlets. &TUBCMFDJNJFOUPT DPNFSDJBMFT FTQFDJBMJ[BEPT FO MB WFOUB EF QSPEVDUPT EF
NBSDB
UBOUPEFGFDUVPTPT
DPNPEFTDBUBMPHBEPT FKFNQMP-FGUJFT
Ten en cuenta
-PT DMJFOUFT RVF SFBMJ[BO TVT
DPNQSBT QBSB QFSJPEPT MBSHPT
EF UJFNQP
FTUO EJTQVFTUPT B
EFTQMB[BSTF B FTUBCMFDJNJFOUPT
DPNPMPTIJQFSNFSDBEPT
EPOEF
FODPOUSBSO MB WBSJFEBE RVF
CVTDBOZQSFDJPTCBKPT
Sabas que?
"MHVOPTIJQFSNFSDBEPTDPMPDBO
FO MB FOUSBEB EF TVT FTUBCMFDJ
NJFOUPTVOFTDOFSBEJTQPTJDJO
EFMDMJFOUFQBSBRVFFTUFQVFEB
DPOPDFSFMJNQPSUFEFTVDPNQSB
B NFEJEB RVF WB DPHJFOEP MPT
QSPEVDUPT &TUF TJTUFNB QFSNJUF
FMBCPOPEFMBDPNQSBTJOOFDF
TJEBE EF TBDBS MB NJTNB EFM
DBSSP"VORVFFYJTUFVOBQSFWJB
SFWJTJOEFVOFNQMFBEP
TFDPO
TJHVF BT VOB CVFOB HFTUJO EF
DPMBTFOMBMOFBEFDBKBT
Sabas que?
&M USNJOP 0QFODPS GVF TFMFD
DJPOBEPEFFOUSFNVDIPTPUSPT
QVFT TF DPOTJEFS RVF FTUF
SFQSFTFOUBCB QFSGFDUBNFOUF MB
WPDBDJO DPO MB RVF TF DSFBCB
MB OVFWB MOFB EF OFHPDJP EFM
HSVQP &M DPOKVOUP EFM USNJOP
RVF VOB MB QBMBCSB EFM JOHMT
open Z cor, EF &M $PSUF
*OHMT
)JQFSDPS Z 4VQFSDPS
SFTBMUBCB
QPSVOMBEP
MBJNQPS
UBODJB EF RVF GVFSB VOB UJFOEB
TJFNQSF BCJFSUB Z
QPS PUSP
MB
WFOUBKBEFDPOUBSDPOFMSFTQBM
EPZMBHBSBOUBEFMMEFS
Caso prctico 2
6OBGPSNBEFEJTUSJCVDJOPSJHJOBMZDBEBWF[NTBDUVBM
TPOMBTPop Up Stores.{&ORVDPOTJTUFOZDVMFTTVQSJODJ
QBMPCKFUJWP {2VFKFNQMPTQPESBODJUBSTF
4VPCKFUJWPFTBVNFOUBSMBOPUPSJFEBEEFMBNBSDBHSBDJBT
BMFGFDUPTPSQSFTBRVFDBVTBFOFMDMJFOUF
Solucin:
*LFBIBJOTUBMBEPEFGPSNBUFNQPSBMFOVOBFTUBDJOEF
NFUSPVOBQBSUBNFOUPEFNFUSPTDVBESBEPTFOFMRVF
jWJWFOxDJODPQFSTPOBTEVSBOUFDJODPEBT
Ejemplo:
%FFTUFNPEP
MPTUSBOTFOUFTQVFEFOWFSMPRVFTVDFEF
EFOUSPEFMBUJFOEB
11
-BEJTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBMZFMDPOTVNJEPS
-B WFOUB TF SFBMJ[B B USBWT EF NRVJOBT FYQFOEFEPSBT (vending)
EPOEF TF TVFMFO
PGSFDFSQSPEVDUPTEFVTPGSFDVFOUFZEFCBKPQSFDJP CFCJEBT
UBCBDP
UBSKFUBTEFWJ
TJUB
BMRVJMFSEFQFMDVMBTEFWEFP
FUD
-PTNSHFOFTDPNFSDJBMFTTPOBMUPTZTVFMFO
MPDBMJ[BSTFFO[POBTEPOEFIBZNVDIBBGMVFODJBEFQCMJDP4VTQSPCMFNBTTPORVFTF
QVFEFORVFEBSTJOstockDPOGSFDVFODJBZRVFUJFOFOVOBMUPSJFTHPEFSPCPT
-PTEPTUJQPTEFEJTUSJCVDJOJODMVJEPTFOFTUBDBUFHPSBTPO
1. Pequeos mercados o mercadillos.4VTPSHFOFTTPOMPTNFSDBEPTBNCVMBOUFTFJODMVTP
FMBOUJHVPSFHBUFP
2. Venta puerta a puerta. 4FDBSBDUFSJ[BQPSFMDPOUBDUPQFSTPOBMPUFMFGOJDP
JOJDJBEP
OPSNBMNFOUFQPSFMWFOEFEPS
RVFTFFODBSHBSEFFOTBM[BSMBTWJSUVEFTEFMQSPEVDUP
-PT DPNQSBEPSFT TPO NVZ SFBDJPT B FTUF UJQP EF WFOUB
DVZPT QSJODJQBMFT QSPCMF
NBTTPOMBTEJGJDVMUBEFTQBSBFODPOUSBSBMBTQFSTPOBTFOTVDBTBZMBJOTFHVSJEBE
EF MPT DMJFOUFT QBSB BCSJS MB QVFSUB &TUF UJQP EF EJTUSJCVDJO TF MMFWB B DBCP DPO
QSPEVDUPTOPCVTDBEPTPRVFSFRVJFSBOVOBEFNPTUSBDJO4JHVFVUJMJ[OEPTFFOFM
NFSDBEPEFMBJOEVTUSJB FKFNQMP&MFDUSP-VY
PFOQSPEVDUPTFEJUPSJBMFT
BTDPNPFO
TFHVSPT
FUD
&O FTUF DBTP
MB DPNFSDJBMJ[BDJO VUJMJ[B VOP P NT NFEJPT EF DPNVOJDBDJO Z VOB
EJTUSJCVDJO EJSFDUB
FT EFDJS
TJO JOUFSNFEJBSJPT &M PCKFUJWP FT FTUBCMFDFS DPOFYJPOFT
DPODMJFOUFTPCKFUJWPJOEJWJEVBMFT
RVFIBOTJEPDVJEBEPTBNFOUFTFMFDDJPOBEPTBGJOEF
PCUFOFSVOBSFTQVFTUBJONFEJBUBZEFDVMUJWBSSFMBDJPOFTEVSBEFSBTDPOFMMPT
&TUBTGPSNBTDPNFSDJBMFTTFJODMVZFOEFOUSPEFMmarketingEJSFDUP
ZFOHMPCBO
1. Venta por correo.4JTUFNBRVFVUJMJ[BMBDPSSFTQPOEFODJBFOBMHVOBEFMBTGBTFTEF
MBDPNFSDJBMJ[BDJO4VSFEVDJEPQSFDJPZMPTFTDBTPTDPTUFTQFSNJUFOMMFHBSEFVOB
NBOFSBNVZTFMFDUJWBBMQCMJDPPCKFUJWP&MJODPOWFOJFOUFFTRVFTPMPTFQVFEFWFSFM
QSPEVDUPFOFMDBUMPHPRVFFMQPUFODJBMDMJFOUFSFDJCFQPSDPSSFP
EPOEFTFJODMVZF
VODVQOQBSBGPSNBMJ[BSFMQFEJEP)PZFOEB
DPOFMBVHFEF*OUFSOFU
DBEBWF[
TPONTMPTDBUMPHPTEJHJUBMFT
GSFOUFBMPTJNQSFTPT FKFNQMP7FODB
2. Telemarketing o venta por telfono. .UPEP EF EJTUSJCVDJO Z B MB WF[ EF DPNVOJ
DBDJO4VWFOUBKBFTRVFFOQPDPUJFNQPTFQVFEFDPOUBDUBSDPONVDIPTDMJFOUFT
Z TV JODPOWFOJFOUF RVF FTUPT OP QVFEFO WFS FM QSPEVDUP 4F VUJMJ[B QBSB BVNFOUBS
MBT WFOUBT
QFSP IB UFOJEP VO NBZPS EFTBSSPMMP DPNP NFEJP EF QSPNPDJO
FTQF
DJBMNFOUFQBSBFMMBO[BNJFOUPEFOVFWPTQSPEVDUPTZDPNPTJTUFNBEFSFDPHJEBEF
JOGPSNBDJO EF MPT DPOTVNJEPSFT B USBWT EF FODVFTUBT FKFNQMP 0SBOHF
WFOUB
EFMOFB"%4-
Vocabulario
NFC. 4POMBTTJHMBTEFnear field
communications. 4F USBUB EF
VOBUFDOPMPHBRVFFOVOGVUVSP
OPNVZMFKBOPPTQFSNJUJSSFB
MJ[BS QBHPT FO DVBMRVJFS UJFOEB
B USBWT EFM NWJM
TJO MB OFDF
TJEBE EF TBDBS FM NPOFEFSP
PMBUBSKFUBEFDSEJUP
-BEJTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBMZFMDPOTVNJEPS
-BFWPMVDJOEFMBTUDOJDBTEFEJTUSJCVDJOZMBTOVFWBTUFDOPMPHBTFTUOGBDJMJUBOEPMB
BQBSJDJOEFOVFWPTNPEFMPTEFDPOUBDUPDPNFSDJBM1PSFMMP
SFTVMUBGVOEBNFOUBMRVF
MPTDPNFSDJPTTFBEBQUFODPOflexibilidadFODVBOUPBMBSFDPOWFSTJOZBEBQUBDJOB
MBTOVFWBTOFDFTJEBEFTEFMDPOTVNJEPS
-PTSFTQPOTBCMFTEFMPTFTUBCMFDJNJFOUPTUJFOFOFODVFOUBRVFDBEBWF[FTNTJNQPS
UBOUFSPEFBSFMBDUPEFDPNQSBEFFTUNVMPTZTFOTBDJPOFTBHSBEBCMFT
SB[OQPSMBRVF
DPNQSPCBNPTRVF
DPOGSFDVFODJB
FMDPNFSDJPTFDPNCJOBDPOMVHBSFTEFPDJPDPOFM
PCKFUJWPEFDPOWFSUJSMBDPNQSBFOQMBDFSZEJWFSTJO
)PZFOEB
TFTVTUJUVZFFMconsumo cuantitativoQPSFMcualitativo;TFQSJPSJ[BOMBDBMJEBE
EFMQSPEVDUP
FMBNCJFOUFEFMQVOUPEFWFOUBZTVFOUPSOPGSFOUFBMQSFDJP&TEFDJS
TF
USBUBEFVODPNFSDJPNTTPGJTUJDBEP
"EFNT
MBFWPMVDJOEFMDPNFSDJPBWBO[BIBDJBMBBQFSUVSBEFFTUBCMFDJNJFOUPTRVF
BUJFOEFOPGFSUBTFTQFDGJDBTQBSBMBTEJTUJOUBTOFDFTJEBEFTEFMDPOTVNJEPS
Caso prctico 3
6OBUFDOPMPHBQVOUFSBIPZFOEBFOFMNVOEPEFMBEJTUSJCVDJOTPOMPTMMBNBEPT
DEJHPT23-BFNQSFTBEFTVQFSNFSDBEPT5&4$0MPTFNQMFBFOFMNFUSPEF$PSFB
EFGPSNBNVZQSDUJDBZPSJHJOBM{4BCFTDNPZQPSRVFTVOBCVFOBJEFB
Solucin:
5&4$0JEFVOTJTUFNBJOHFOJPTPZFGFDUJWP
RVFDPOTJTUJFODPOWFSUJSMBTWBMMBT
QVCMJDJUBSJBTEFMNFUSPEF$PSFBFOMJOFBMFTEFTVQFSNFSDBEPQPSNFEJPEFMBDPMP
DBDJOEFDBSUFMFT(SBDJBTBMBTBQMJDBDJPOFTNWJMFTZBMPTDEJHPT23
TFQVFEF
IBDFSMBDPNQSBRVFMVFHPUFMMFWBOBDBTB%FFTUFNPEP
DSFBTVQFSNFSDBEPT
WJSUVBMFT
&MDMJFOUFFTDBOFBDPOTVsmartphoneFMDEJHP23EFMBSUDVMPZMPBBEFBTV
DBSSPEFDPNQSBWJSUVBM
$POFTUBJEFBEFOFHPDJP
5&4$0DPOTJHVFBEBQUBSTFBMPTICJUPTEFMPTDPOTVNJ
EPSFT
TPSQSFOEFSMFTZEJGFSFODJBSTFEFMBDPNQFUFODJBFOVOQBTUFDOPMHJDBNFOUF
BWBO[BEPEPOEFMBQPCMBDJOEFEJDBNVDIBTIPSBTBMUSBCBKP
ZGBDJMJUBIBDFSVOB
DPNQSBBNFOB
TFODJMMBZSQJEB$POWJFSUFOFMUJFNQPEFFTQFSBEFMPTWJBKFSPTEF
NFUSPFOUJFNQPEFDPNQSBBMBWF[RVFMBJOWFSTJORVFSFBMJ[BOFTNFOPS
BMOP
UFOFSRVFJODSFNFOUBSFMONFSPEFFTUBCMFDJNJFOUPT
Actividades
c)
4. &YJTUFOGPSNBTEFEJTUSJCVDJORVFOPFTUOEFTBSSPMMB
EBTFOFMUFNB*OWFTUJHBTPCSFMBTDBSBDUFSTUJDBTRVF
f)
UFOESBOMPTBVUPTFSWJDJPTNBZPSJTUBT
FMFDPOPNBUPZ
MBTUJFOEBTEFQSFDJPOJDP
g)
j)
3. "OBMJ[BMBTDBSBDUFSTUJDBTRVFEJGFSFODJBOFMDPNFSDJP
USBEJDJPOBMEFMMJCSFTFSWJDJP
5. *EFOUJGJDBRVUJQPEFGPSNBEFEJTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBM
SFQSFTFOUBDBEBVOBEFMBTTJHVJFOUFTFNQSFTBT
a)
b)
i)
d)
e)
h)
k)
13
-BEJTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBMZFMDPOTVNJEPS
4. El merchandising
Vocabulario
Merchandising. &TUF USNJOP
QSPDFEF EFM TVTUBOUJWP JOHMT
RVF TJHOJGJDB NFSDBODB
Z EFM
SBEJDBMJOH
RVFJOEJDBjBDDJO
WPMVOUBSJBx 1PS UBOUP
merchandisingTFSBMBjHFTUJOBDUJWBEF
MBNFSDBODBx
Ten en cuenta
"MGBCSJDBOUFMFJOUFSFTBBVNFO
UBSMBEFNBOEBEFTVQSPEVDUP
QPS MP RVF MVDIBS GSFOUF B MB
DPNQFUFODJB QBSB DPOTFHVJS VO
NBZPSFTQBDJPFOFMMJOFBM
&MQBOPSBNBBDUVBMFTUDBSBDUFSJ[BEPQPSVOBVNFOUPEFMONFSPEFFTUBCMFDJNJFOUPT
DPNFSDJBMFTRVFJOUFOUBO
EBBEB
PGSFDFSVOBNFKPSSFMBDJODBMJEBEQSFDJPFOTVT
QSPEVDUPT1BSBFMMPT
FM merchandisingUFOESDPNPPCKFUJWPDPOTFHVJSVOJODSFNFOUPEF
MBTWFOUBTZVOBEJGFSFODJBDJOEFMBDPNQFUFODJB%FFTUFNPEP
QPEFNPTEFGJOJSMPBT
&MmerchandisingFTVODPOKVOUPEFUDOJDBTQTJDPMHJDBTEFWFOUBBQMJDBEBT
EF
GPSNBDPOKVOUBPTFQBSBEB
QPSGBCSJDBOUFTZEFUBMMJTUBT
&TUBTUDOJDBTBDUBOFOMBNFOUFEFMDPOTVNJEPSQSPWPDBOEPMBTBUJTGBDDJOEFOFDF
TJEBEFTPMWJEBEBTZIBDJFOEPTFOUJSPUSBTOVFWBT-BGJOBMJEBEFTRVFFMDPNQSBEPSBE
RVJFSBVOBNBZPSDBOUJEBEEFQSPEVDUPTZDPONBZPSGSFDVFODJB
QBSBMPHSBSUBNCJO
VOBNBZPSSFOUBCJMJEBEEFMQVOUPEFWFOUBZEFMPTQSPEVDUPT
&MDPODFQUPEFmerchandisingZMBTUDOJDBTDPSSFTQPOEJFOUFTOPTJFNQSFTFVUJMJ[BOEF
JEOUJDBGPSNBQPSRVFMPTPCKFUJWPTRVFTFQFSTJHVFOOPTJFNQSFTPOMPTNJTNPT&OUPEP
DBTP
UPEBTMBTBDUJWJEBEFTEFmerchandisingIBOEFSFBMJ[BSTFUFOJFOEPFODVFOUBMPT
PCKFUJWPTQFSTFHVJEPTQPSMBFNQSFTBQBSBDPOTFHVJSBTTVNYJNBFGFDUJWJEBE
1PSTVQBSUF
FMEJTUSJCVJEPSUJFOF
FO TV FTUBCMFDJNJFOUP NVDIPT
QSPEVDUPT FO DPNQFUFODJB Z MF
JOUFSFTB SFOUBCJMJ[BS BM NYJNP
FM QVOUP EF WFOUB
QPS MP RVF
QFSTJHVF WFOEFS MPT QSPEVDUPT
RVFMFTPONTSFOUBCMFT
&MGBCSJDBOUFEFVOQSPEVDUPMMFWBBDBCPBDDJPOFTEF merchandisingPSJFOUBEBTUBO
UP BM DPNQSBEPS DPNP BM FTUBCMFDJNJFOUP EPOEF TF WFOEF &M PCKFUJWP FT MPHSBS VOB
QSFTFODJB BEFDVBEB EF TVT QSPEVDUPT
EJGFSFODJOEPMPT EF MPT EF TVT DPNQFUJEPSFT
ZIBDJFOEPNTBUSBDUJWBTVNBSDB4VDBQBDJEBEEFJOUFSWFODJOFJOGMVFODJBFOFMDB
OBMEFEJTUSJCVDJOFTSFMBUJWB
QVFTEFQFOEFEFMBOPUPSJFEBEZFMQSFTUJHJPRVFMBNBSDB
UFOHBFOFMNFSDBEPDVBOUPNBZPSFTTFBOFTUPT
NBZPSTFSMBJOGMVFODJBEFTVQPMUJDB
EFmarketingFOMBDPNFSDJBMJ[BDJOEFMQSPEVDUPRVFGBCSJDB
&Mmerchandiser del fabricanteFTFMSFTQPOTBCMFEFDPPSEJOBSMBQPMUJDBDPNFSDJBMZEF
marketingEFMBFNQSFTBGBCSJDBOUFZMBTDBSBDUFSTUJDBTEFMQVOUPEFWFOUB&OTVQBQFM
OPTPMPEFCFDPOPDFSMBTDBSBDUFSTUJDBTEFMPTQSPEVDUPTRVFWFOEF
TJOPRVFEFCFTFS
VOCVFODPOPDFEPSEFTVFNQSFTBZEFMBHFTUJOEFMQVOUPEFWFOUBTPCSFUPEPEFMB
TFDDJODPSSFTQPOEJFOUFBTVQSPEVDUP
FJNQMBOUBDJOZPQUJNJ[BDJOEFMFTQBDJP
ZB
RVFDPPSEJOBSQSPNPDJPOFTDPOFMEJTUSJCVJEPS
Importante
" USBWT EFM trade marketing, FM
GBCSJDBOUF JOUFOUB RVF FM DBOBM
EF EJTUSJCVDJO DPMBCPSF FO
CFOFGJDJP NVUVP
IBDJFOEP RVF
TVT QSPEVDUPT TFBO BUSBDUJWPT Z
SFOUBCMFT WBTFFM{4BCBTRVF
EFMBTJHVJFOUFQHJOB
&MFTUBCMFDJNJFOUPEFSFMBDJPOFTEVSBEFSBTFOUSFGBCSJDBOUFZEJTUSJCVJEPSSFTVMUBQPTJUJWP
QBSBBNCPT
ZBRVFBUSBWTEFBDUJWJEBEFTDPOKVOUBTDPNPFMEJTFPEFOVFWPTQSP
EVDUPTPFOWBTFT
MBDPPSEJOBDJOEFQSPNPDJPOFTPFMEFTBSSPMMPEFQVCMJDJEBE
QPS
FKFNQMP
QPESONBYJNJ[BSMBWFOUBEFMPTQSPEVDUPT&TUPTBDVFSEPTEFDPMBCPSBDJO
GPSNBOQBSUFEFMPRVFEFOPNJOBNPT trade marketing.
Actividad
6. 6UJMJ[BMBIFSSBNJFOUBonlinewww.qrhacker.com/QBSBDSFBSZQFSTPOBMJ[BSEPT
DEJHPT23&MDPOUFOJEPEFMPTNJTNPTTFSMB63-ZFMUFYUPRVFEFDJEBTSFMB
DJPOBEPTDPOFTUBVOJEBE
-BEJTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBMZFMDPOTVNJEPS
Sabas que?
&M DBNCJP EFM FOWBTF EF EFUFS
HFOUF EF MB GPSNB DJMOESJDB
JOJDJBMBSFDUBOHVMBSGVFFMSFTVM
UBEP EF VO BDVFSEP EF DPMB
CPSBDJO FOUSF GBCSJDBOUFT Z
EJTUSJCVJEPSFT (trade marketing)
-B GPSNB SFDUBOHVMBS PQUJNJ[B
FM FTQBDJP Z QFSNJUF FM BMNBDF
OBNJFOUPEFNTVOJEBEFTFOFM
NJTNP FTQBDJP %F FTUF NPEP
BNCPT PQUJNJ[BSPO TVT DPTUFT
MPHTUJDPTEFUSBOTQPSUF
BMNBDO
ZHFTUJOEFMQVOUPEFWFOUB
&OGVODJOEFTVOBUVSBMF[B
FMmerchandisingQVFEFDMBTJGJDBSTFEFMTJHVJFOUFNPEP
Merchandising
1SFTFOUBDJO
4FEVDDJO
(FTUJO
A. De presentacin
&M merchandising EFQSFTFOUBDJOTFQVFEFEFGJOJSDPNPMBNBOFSBEFQSFTFOUBSMPT
BSUDVMPTZFMQVOUPEFWFOUBEFNPEPRVFFMBDUPEFDPNQSBTFBMPNTBHSBEBCMF
ZTFODJMMPQPTJCMFQBSBFMDMJFOUF
ZMPNTSFOUBCMFQPTJCMFQBSBFMFTUBCMFDJNJFOUP
&OEFGJOJUJWB
QSFUFOEFIBDFSBUSBDUJWPZEJONJDPFMQVOUPEFWFOUBDPOFMGJOEF
HVJBSBMDPOTVNJEPSFJOGMVJSFOTVDPNQPSUBNJFOUPEFDPNQSB
B. De seduccin
&Mmerchandising de seduccinDPOTJTUFFOMBEFOPNJOBEBjUJFOEBFTQFDUDVMPx
Z
QBTBQPSMBDPODFQDJOEFMNPCJMJBSJPFTQFDGJDP
MBEFDPSBDJO
MBJOGPSNBDJO
FUDUFSB
DPOFMPCKFUJWPEFEBSVOBTQFDUPTFEVDUPSBMMJOFBMZBMBUJFOEBQBSB
QSPNPWFSMBJNBHFOEFMQSPQJPEJTUSJCVJEPS 'JH
Ten en cuenta
-PTFTUBCMFDJNJFOUPTEFEFTDVFO
UP QSFTFOUBO MPT QSPEVDUPT EF
GPSNB TFODJMMB EFOUSP EF TVT
FOWBTFTZTJOJOUFODJOEFTFEV
DJS B MB DPNQSB 1FSTJHVFO DPO
FMMPOPTPMBNFOUFBIPSSBSDPTUFT
TJOP UBNCJO USBOTNJUJS VOB TFO
TBDJOEFQSFDJPTCBKPT
%FTDVCSFFMQPEFSEFBUSBDDJORVFUJFOFOEFUFSNJOBEPTQSPEVDUPTDPNQMFNFOUBSJPT
QVFT
TPOMPTRVFDPOUSJCVZFOBMBEJGFSFODJBDJOEFMQVOUPEFWFOUBSFTQFDUPBTVDPNQFUFODJB
Ejemplo:"CFSDSPNCJF
MEFSNVOEJBMEFNPEBKPWFOFTUJMPDBNQVTVOJWFSTJUBSJP
TJFNQSF
IBTJEPVOSFGFSFOUFFOmerchandisingTFOTPSJBM-BFYQFSJFODJBEFDPNQSBFOFTUBGJSNB
UJFOFVOPEFTVTQSJODJQBMFTQJMBSFTFOFTUFUJQPEFmerchandising.&TEFDJS
BDUVBOEP
TPCSFWJTUB
UBDUP
PEP
PMGBUPZHVTUPJOGMVZFFOMBTQFSDFQDJPOFTFNPDJPOBMFTEFMDPO
TVNJEPSZ
BT
FOTVDPNQPSUBNJFOUPFOMBUJFOEBZBDUJUVEIBDJBMBNBSDB
Actividades
7. &YQMJDBRVUDOJDBTEFmerchandisingMMFWBSBTBDBCPFOMPTTJHVJFOUFTDBTPT
a) .YJNBFYQPTJDJOEFTVSUJEP c)4FOTBDJOEFQSFDJPTCBKPT
b) 4BMJEBBVOQSPEVDUP
d)4FOTBDJOEFDBMJEBE
8. &OVNFSBBDDJPOFTEFmerchandisingRVFQVFEFMMFWBSBDBCPFMGBCSJDBOUF
-BEJTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBMZFMDPOTVNJEPS
Web
6OlipdubFTVOWJEFPDMJQDPOFM
RVF VO HSVQP EF QFSTPOBT TJO
DSPOJ[BOTVTMBCJPTNPWJNJFOUPT
PHFTUPTDPOVOBDBODJOQPQV
MBSRVFJOUFSQSFUBO&OFMTJHVJFO
UFlinkQVFEFTWFSVOlipdub DPO
FMRVF*,&"IBRVFSJEPDFMFCSBS
TV BOJWFSTBSJP FO &TQBB
www.yotube/AGKYEX7XAXU.
0CTFSWB FM EJWFSUJEP SFDPSSJEP
RVFUSBCBKBEPSFTEF*LFB&TQBB
IBDFOQPSUPEBMB[POBFYQPTJ
UPSBEFMQVOUPEFWFOUB
C. De gestin
&M merchandising de gestin DPOTJTUF
DPNP TV OPNCSF JOEJDB
FO HFTUJPOBS FM
FTQBDJPFYQPTJUJWPZFMTVSUJEPBFGFDUPTEFNBYJNJ[BSMBTBUJTGBDDJOEFMDMJFOUFZ
MBSFOUBCJMJEBEEFMFTUBCMFDJNJFOUP
&TUFmerchandisingTFDFOUSB
DPNPQSJODJQBMPCKFUJWP
FOMBSFDPHJEBZFMBOMJTJTDPOT
UBOUFEFJOGPSNBDJO1BSBFMMP
TFSFBMJ[BVOBTFHNFOUBDJOEFMNFSDBEPQBSBBUFOEFS
TPMBNFOUF MB EFNBOEB EF VOPT DMJFOUFT EFUFSNJOBEPT "T
TF EJTFB VOB QPMUJDB EF
TVSUJEPRVFTBUJTGBHBMBTOFDFTJEBEFTEFMBDMJFOUFMB
4VTFHVOEPPCKFUJWPFTFMEFPQUJNJ[BSFMSFOEJNJFOUPEFMFTQBDJP
ZQBSBDPOTFHVJSMP
TFQPOFOFONBSDIBMBTUDOJDBTSFMBDJPOBEBTDPOMBHFTUJOEFMMJOFBMRVFUJFOFOFO
DVFOUBMBSPUBDJOEFMPTQSPEVDUPT
MBT[POBT
MPTDJSDVJUPTEFDJSDVMBDJOEFMDMJFOUF
MPTDSJUFSJPTEFJNQMBOUBDJOEFMPTQSPEVDUPT
FMSFOEJNJFOUPQPSNFUSPDVBESBEPEFMB
TVQFSGJDJFEFWFOUB
FMSFOEJNJFOUPQPSNFUSPEFMJOFBM
FUD
Sabas que?
-BTHSBOEFTTVQFSGJDJFTFTQFDJB
MJ[BEBT UBNCJO TPO DPOPDJEBT
DPNP category killers, P BTF
TJOPT EF DBUFHPSBT
QPSRVF TF
DFOUSBO FO QSPEVDUPT NVZ DPO
DSFUPT RVF WFOEFO FO HSBOEFT
WPMNFOFT DPO NSHFOFT NVZ
FTUSFDIPT
MP RVF BOJRVJMB B MB
DPNQFUFODJB RVF FYJTUF FO FTUB
DBUFHPSB
Caso prctico 4
{"QMJDBSBTMBTNJTNBTUDOJDBTEFmerchandisingQBSBMPT
EPTUJQPTEFDMJFOUFTRVFFYJTUFO 3B[POBUVSFTQVFTUB
Solucin:
&TUBEJTUJODJOUFSJDBEFMDMJFOUFshopperZFMDMJFOUFbuyer
TJSWFQBSBRVFMBTFNQSFTBTOPEFTDVJEFOOJMPTGBDUPSFT
FYUFSOPTRVFIBDFORVFVODMJFOUFFOUSFFOFMMPDBM
OJMPTGBDUPSFTJOUFSOPTRVFIBDFORVFFMDMJFOUFDPNQSF
EFUFSNJOBEPTBSUDVMPT
-BUFOEFODJBBDUVBMFTMBDPNPEJEBE
ZNVDIPTDPNFSDJPT
FYDFMFOUFTQPSEFOUSPEFTDVJEBOMPSFGFSFOUFBMBBUSBDDJO
SFRVFSJEBFOMPTBTQFDUPTshopper
UBMFTDPNPMBTFBMJ[BDJO
BEFDVBEBQBSBRVFFMDMJFOUFTFQBDNPJSBMMPDBMPMBOVNF
SBDJOEFMBTQMB[BTEFBQBSDBNJFOUP
QPSDJUBSBMHVOPT
1PSFMDPOUSBSJP
PUSPTDPNFSDJPTIBOSFGPS[BEPMPTBTQFDUPT
shopper
QFSPIBOEFTDVJEBEPMBDPSUFTBZBUFODJOBMDMJFOUF
&OEFGJOJUJWB
EFCFODVJEBSTFBNCPTBTQFDUPTQBSBRVFFM
FTUBCMFDJNJFOUPWBZBCJFO
Actividades
9. 3FDVFSEBMBMUJNBWF[RVFFTUVWJTUFFOVODPNFSDJP
EFUBMMJTUB"OPUBFOUVDVBEFSOPMBUDOJDBEFmerchandisingRVFPCTFSWBTUF
10. *LFBMMFWBBDBCPNVDIBTBDDJPOFTEFmerchandising
FOTVTFTUBCMFDJNJFOUPT%FTDSCFMBTZDMBTJGDBMBTFOMPT
UJQPTRVFFYJTUFO
-BEJTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBMZFMDPOTVNJEPS
Por qu compra?
Qu compra?
Quin compra*?
Quin consume*?
1BSB PCUFOFS MBT SFTQVFTUBT B FTUBT QSFHVOUBT
EFCFNPT FTUVEJBS BM DPOTVNJEPS
QPS
MPRVFFOMPTTJHVJFOUFTBQBSUBEPTWBNPTBDPOPDFSTVDPNQPSUBNJFOUP -BQSFHVOUB
j{%OEFDPNQSB xZBIBTJEPDPOUFTUBEBZFYQMJDBEBFOFMBQBSUBEPEFFTUBVOJEBE
j'PSNBTEFEJTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBMx
Reconocimiento
de la necesidad
&WBMVBDJO
EFMBJOGPSNBDJO
%FDJTJOZBDUP
EFMBDPNQSB
Consumo y valoracin
poscompra
A. Reconocimiento de la necesidad
&TMBGBTFFOMBRVFEFTDVCSJNPTRVFUFOFNPTVOBOFDFTJEBERVFRVFSFNPTTBUJTGBDFS
1PSFKFNQMP
TJTFOPTFTUSPQFBMBQMBODIB
ZOFDFTJUBNPTQMBODIBSMBSPQB
QPEFNPT
MMFWBSMBBBSSFHMBSPCJFODPNQSBSVOBOVFWB
Por qu compra?
B. Bsqueda de informacin
6OBWF[RVFTBCFNPTRVFUFOFNPTVOBOFDFTJEBE
QBTBNPTBMBTFHVOEBGBTF
FTUPFT
CVTDBNPTMBTWBTQBSBQPEFSTBUJTGBDFSMB{$NP 1PSMPHFOFSBM
CVTDBSFNPTJOGPSNB
DJORVFOPTBZVEF 'JH
Z
FOFTUFTFOUJEP
IBZEPTQPTJCMFTGVFOUFTEFJOGPSNBDJO
t Interna.*OGPSNBDJORVFTFCBTBFOOVFTUSPTQSPQJPTDPOPDJNJFOUPTZFYQFSJFODJBT
t Externa.*OGPSNBDJORVF
TJOPUFOFNPTFYQFSJFODJB
CVTDBSFNPTFOGVFOUFTFYUFSOBT
PQJOJPOFTEFBNJHPT
GBNJMJBSFT
NFEJPTEFDPNVOJDBDJO
FUD
1PSFKFNQMP
TJDVBOEPTFOPTBWFSJMBQMBODIBIFNPTEFDJEJEPDPNQSBSVOBOVFWB
QFOTBSFNPTFOQSJNFSMVHBSFOMBFYQFSJFODJBQPTJUJWBPOFHBUJWBEFMVTPBEFNTEF
OVFTUSBQSPQJBFYQFSJFODJB
QPEFNPTQSFHVOUBSBPUSBTQFSTPOBTTPCSFMBQMBODIBRVF
UJFOFOZTJTVGVODJPOBNJFOUPFTTBUJTGBDUPSJP
Actividades
b) 6ODPDIF
-BEJTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBMZFMDPOTVNJEPS
C. Evaluacin de la informacin
"MBIPSBEFFWBMVBSMBJOGPSNBDJOPCUFOJEBUFOFNPTFODVFOUBVOBTFSJFEFDSJUFSJPT
'JH
RVFBZVEBOBUPNBSMBEFDJTJO
ZRVFTBCFNPTDVMFTTPOHSBDJBTBMPTFT
UVEJPTSFBMJ[BEPTTPCSFFMUFNB-PTcriteriosRVFFMDMJFOUFUJFOFFODVFOUBBMBIPSBEF
DPNQSBSTPO
t -BJNBHFO
t &MQSFDJP
t -BDBMJEBE
t -BSFMBDJODBMJEBEQSFDJP
t -BWJEBEFMQSPEVDUP
t -BVCJDBDJOEFMFTUBCMFDJNJFOUP
t &MTFSWJDJPQPTWFOUB
"T
QPSFKFNQMP
TJIFNPTEFDJEJEPDPNQSBSVOBQMBODIBOVFWB
UFOESFNPTFODVFOUB
FMEJOFSPRVFOPTWBNPTBHBTUBS
TJOPTJOUFSFTBRVFTFBEFBMUBHBNBPQPSFMDPO
USBSJP QSFGFSJNPT VOB HBNB CBKB QPSRVF OP MB VTBNPT NVDIP %FQFOEJFOEP EF MBT
BMUFSOBUJWBTRVFIBZBZEFMBEFDJTJOBEPQUBEB
DPNQSBSFNPTGJOBMNFOUFVOBQMBODIB
EFUFSNJOBEB
t El iniciador:FTMBQFSTPOBRVFTVHJFSFSFBMJ[BSVOBDPNQSBBMEFTDVCSJSRVFUJFOFVOB
OFDFTJEBE OP TBUJTGFDIB 1PS FKFNQMP VO IJKP RVF RVJFSF DPNQSBS FM MUJNP KVFHP
FEJUBEPEFVOBDPOTPMB
t El influenciador:FTRVJFOPSJFOUBPJOGMVZFFOMBEFDJTJOEFDPNQSB1PSFKFNQMPVO
BNJHPRVFZBUJFOFFMKVFHPPFMWFOEFEPS
FOMBUJFOEB
t El decisor:FTMBQFSTPOBRVFEFDJEFTPCSFVOPPUPEPTMPTBTQFDUPTEFMBDPNQSB
PSFTVFMWFDPNQSBSPOPFMQSPEVDUP1PSFKFNQMPMPTQBESFT
RVFEFDJEFODPNQSBS
POPFMKVFHP
t El comprador:FTRVJFODPNQSBFMQSPEVDUP1PSFKFNQMPMPTQBESFTBDVEFOBMBUJFO
EBZDPNQSBOFMKVFHPQBSBTVIJKP
Recuerda
$POTVNJEPS Z DPNQSBEPS OP
TPO OFDFTBSJBNFOUF MB NJTNB
QFSTPOB
Iniciador
*OGMVFODJBEPS
%FDJTPS
$PNQSBEPS
Usuario
Quin consume?
-BEJTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBMZFMDPOTVNJEPS
t -BTDPNQSBTEFDPNQMFKJEBECBKBTPOBRVFMMBTRVFSFBMJ[BNPTIBCJUVBMNFOUFZDVZP
FTGVFS[PFDPONJDPFTCBKP1PSFKFNQMPVOBCBSSBEFQBO
t -BTDPNQSBTEFDPNQMFKJEBEBMUBTPOBRVFMMBTRVFSFRVJFSFOSFGMFYJOZDVZPFTGVFS[P
FDPONJDPFTBMUP1PSFKFNQMPVODPDIF
Cmo compra?
&OUPEPDBTP
MBDPNQMJDBDJOTFSNFOPSDVBOEP
t -BDPNQSBTFBSVUJOBSJBPIBCJUVBM
t &MSJFTHPEFFRVJWPDBSTFTFBQFRVFP
t 5FOHBNPTVOBFYQFSJFODJBQSFWJBZDPOP[DBNPTFMQSPEVDUP
t .BZPSTFBFMDPOPDJNJFOUPEFMBTNBSDBT
&MQSPDFTPEFEFDJTJOEFDPNQSBSFTQPOEFBEFUFSNJOBEBTGSNVMBTEFWFOUB
EFFOUSF
MBTDVBMFTEFTUBDBMBfrmula AIDA:
t AUFODJO$POTJTUFFOQSFTFOUBSFMQSPEVDUPEFVOBNBOFSBBUSBDUJWB
FTEFDJS
MMBNBS
MB BUFODJO EFM DMJFOUF NFEJBOUF MB QSFTFOUBDJO Z MBT DBSBDUFSTUJDBT EFM QSPEVDUP
1BSB FMMP
TF VUJMJ[BO WBSJBT IFSSBNJFOUBT FM QSFDJP
FM FOWBTF
EFHVTUBDJPOFT MBT
DVBMFTUFOESFNPTPDBTJOEFDPOPDFSEFUBMMBEBNFOUFBMPMBSHPEFFTUFMJCSP
t IOUFST$POTJTUFFORVFFMDMJFOUFDPKBVOQSPEVDUPZOPPUSP1BSBFMMP
TFUSBUBEF
MMBNBSMBBUFODJOEFMDMJFOUFRVFTFBDFSRVFBMMJOFBM
NJSFFMQSPEVDUP
MPDPKBZ
TJ
RVJFSF
PCTFSWFTVTQSPQJFEBEFT&OMPTFTUBCMFDJNJFOUPTEFMJCSFTFSWJDJPFTGVOEB
NFOUBMRVFTFBFMQSPQJPQSPEVDUPFMRVFEFTQJFSUFFMJOUFSTEFMDMJFOUFQPSRVFOP
IBZWFOEFEPSFTRVFQVFEBONPTUSSUFMP 'JH
t DFTFP$POTJTUFFOEFTQFSUBSFYQFDUBUJWBT
EFTFP"T
VOBWF[RVFFMDMJFOUFDVFOUB
DPO JOGPSNBDJO TPCSF FM QSPEVDUP
PCUFOJEB HSBDJBT BM QSPQJP QSPEVDUP P CJFO BM
BTFTPSBNJFOUPEFMWFOEFEPS
FTUFEFDJEBRVFEFTFBDPNQSBSMP
t ADDJO$POTJTUFFOBDUVBS
FTEFDJS
QSPDFEFSBMBDPNQSBEFMQSPEVDUP
VOBWF[RVF
TFIBUPNBEPMBEFDJTJO
Actividad
13. 5FOJFOEP FO DVFOUB MB UFSDFSB GBTF EFM QSPDFTP EF
EFDJTJO EF DPNQSB
FT EFDJS
MB FWBMVBDJO EF MB
JOGPSNBDJO
{RVDSJUFSJPTBZVEBOBUPNBSMBEFDJTJO
EFBERVJSJSFMMJCSPZFMDPDIFEFMBBDUJWJEBE
19
-BEJTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBMZFMDPOTVNJEPS
Caso prctico 5
7PZBDPNQSBSNFVOPSEFOBEPSQPSRVFFMRVFUFOBTFNFIBFTUSPQFBEP/PFTUPZ
BMEBEFMPTMUJNPTNPEFMPTRVFIBZBIPSBNJTNPFOFMNFSDBEP
BTRVFMFDPO
TVMUPBNJBNJHP'MJY
RVFFTUVEJBVODJDMPEF*OGPSNUJDB
QBSBRVFNFBTFTPSF
TPCSFNPEFMPTZEJTUJOUBTGVODJPOBMJEBEFT5BNQPDPUFOHPDMBSPTJDPNQSBSNFVO
PSEFOBEPSEFTPCSFNFTBPVOQPSUUJM
.JBNJHPNFBTFTPSBFTQFDJBMNFOUFTPCSFEPTNPEFMPTVOPEFTPCSFNFTBZPUSP
QPSUUJM
JOEJDOEPNFMBTWFOUBKBTZMPTJODPOWFOJFOUFTEFDBEBNPEFMP6OBWF[
FTUVEJBEBMBJOGPSNBDJORVFNFIBGBDJMJUBEP
NFEFDJEPQPSFMQPSUUJM
BTRVF
WPZBMBUJFOEBRVFNJBNJHPNFIBSFDPNFOEBEPZDPNQSPFMPSEFOBEPS
"MPTRVJODFEBT
FMQPSUUJMDPNJFO[BBEBSNFQSPCMFNBT7PZEFOVFWPBMB
UJFOEB Z BMM NF DBNCJBO FM PSEFOBEPS JONFEJBUBNFOUF "EFNT
NF BNQMBO
MBHBSBOUBDPNPEFUBMMFQPSMBTNPMFTUJBTPDBTJPOBEBT
{$VMFTTPOMBTEJTUJOUBTGBTFTEFMQSPDFTPEFEFDJTJOEFDPNQSBFOMBTJUVBDJO
FYQVFTUB
Solucin:
-BTGBTFTFOFTUFQSPDFTPTPO
3FDPOPDJNJFOUPEFMBOFDFTJEBEOFDF
TJUPVOPSEFOBEPSQPSRVFFMRVFUFOB
TFNFIBFTUSPQFBEP
#TRVFEBEFJOGPSNBDJODPNPOPTPZ
VOFYQFSUPFOPSEFOBEPSFT
DPOTVMUPB
NJBNJHP'MJY
1SFGJFSPMBPQJOJOEFVOBNJHP
ZBRVFDPOPDFNJTOFDFTJEBEFTZOPFT
QBSUFJOUFSFTBEBFORVFDPNQSFVONPEFMPVPUSP
&WBMVBDJOEFMBJOGPSNBDJOVOBWF[RVFIFIBCMBEPDPONJBNJHP'MJY
EFDJEP DPNQSBSNF VO QPSUUJM Z
FO DPODSFUP
FM NPEFMP RVF M NF SFDP
NJFOEB&TVOPSEFOBEPSEFHBNBNFEJBRVFDVCSFNJTOFDFTJEBEFTBMB
QFSGFDDJO
%FDJTJOZBDUPEFDPNQSBWPZBMBUJFOEBRVF'MJYNFIBSFDPNFOEBEP
FO
MBRVFWFOEFOFMPSEFOBEPSRVFIFTFMFDDJPOBEPBVOQSFDJPNVZSB[POBCMF
ZRVFTFBEBQUBBMQSFTVQVFTUPRVFUFOHPQBSBMBDPNQSB
$POTVNPZWBMPSBDJOQPTDPNQSBNFFOGBEPNVDITJNPDVBOEPFMPSEF
OBEPSDPNJFO[BBGBMMBSZWPZBMBUJFOEBBMEBTJHVJFOUF&MWFOEFEPSNF
QJEFEJTDVMQBTZNFDBNCJBFMPSEFOBEPSTJOOJOHOQSPCMFNB"EFNT
NFBNQMBMBHBSBOUBQPSMBTNPMFTUJBTRVFNFIBOPDBTJPOBEP2VFEP
TBUJTGFDIPZMPDPNFOUPDPONJTBNJHPTZGBNJMJBSFT3FDPNJFOEPMBUJFOEB
QPSFMCVFOUSBUPZMBHFTUJOHJMZSQJEBBOUFFMQSPCMFNB
Actividades
14. &OFMDBTPSFMBUJWPBMBDPNQSBEFMMJCSPZFMDPDIF
a) {$VMFTTFSBOMPTSPMFT {:RVJOMPTFKFSDFFODBEBDBTP
b) {2VIBSBFMDPOTVNJEPSTJRVFEBSBTBUJTGFDIPDPOMBDPNQSB {-PSFDPNFO
EBSB
c) 4JIVCJFSBBMHOQSPCMFNB
{RVQPESBIBDFSFMDPOTVNJEPS
15. 1JFOTBFOMBMUJNBDPNQSBRVFIBTSFBMJ[BEP{$SFFTRVFTFDVNQMJMBGSNVMB
"*%" $PNOUBMPFODMBTF
-BEJTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBMZFMDPOTVNJEPS
Claves y consejos
&O UFNQPSBEB EF SFCBKBT FT
SFDPNFOEBCMFIBDFSVOBMJTUBEF
MPT QSPEVDUPT RVF OFDFTJUBNPT
ZB RVF QPEFNPT SFBMJ[BS DPN
QSBT JNQVMTJWBT
NPUJWBEPT QPS
MPTCBKPTQSFDJPT
Vocabulario
Segmentar el mercado. %JWJEJS
FTUF FO HSVQPT DPO DBSBDUFST
UJDBTZOFDFTJEBEFTQBSFDJEBT
Qu compra?
A. Compras previstas
3FTQPOEFOBVOBEFDJTJOQSFWJB4POSBDJPOBMFTZQMBOJGJDBEBT)BCJUVBMNFOUF
TFTVFMFO
QFOTBS QSFWJBNFOUF Z MMFWBS FTDSJUBT FO VOB MJTUB DVBOEP TF WB B SFBMJ[BS MB DPNQSB
4VQPOFOFMEFMUPUBMEFMBTDPNQSBTRVFTFSFBMJ[BO
"TVWF[
IBZUSFTUJQPTEFDPNQSBTQSFWJTUBTQSFDJTBEBT
NPEJGJDBEBTZOFDFTBSJBT
Compras previstas
Caractersticas
Ejemplo
4FDPNQSBFMQSPEVDUPZMBNBSDBRVFFMDMJFOUFIBCB
QFOTBEPDPNQSBS4VQPOFOFMEFMBTDPNQSBT
6ODMJFOUFWBBDPNQSBSEFUFSHFOUF4VQFSMJNQJPZ
DVBOEPMMFHBBMBUJFOEBMPDPNQSB&TmFMBMQSPEVDUP
ZBMBNBSDB
Modificadas
4FDPNQSBFMQSPEVDUPRVFTFIBCBQFOTBEPTJO
FNCBSHP
TJTFWFVOBPGFSUBPQSPNPDJOBUSBDUJWBT
TF
DBNCJBEFNBSDB4FEFDJEFOFOFMQVOUPEFWFOUBCBKP
MBJOnVFODJBEFQSPNPDJPOFT
QSFTFOUBDJOEFMQSPEVDUP
FUDUFSB4VQPOFOFMEFMBTDPNQSBT
6ODMJFOUFWBBDPNQSBSEFUFSHFOUF4VQFSMJNQJPQFSPWF
RVFIBZVOBPGFSUBEFEFUFSHFOUF-JNQJBIPHBSZEFDJEF
DPNQSBSFTUFMUJNPQPSRVFTFBIPSSBVOFVSP&TmFMBM
QSPEVDUPQFSPOPBMBNBSDB
Necesarias
4FDPNQSBFMQSPEVDUPTJOQSFWFSMBNBSDB4VQPOFOFM
EFMBTDPNQSBT
6ODMJFOUFOFDFTJUBVOEFUFSHFOUFQFSPOPMFJNQPSUB
DPNQSBSVOBNBSDBVPUSB
Precisadas
Actividades
-BEJTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBMZFMDPOTVNJEPS
B. Compras impulsivas
4FEFDJEFOFOFMQSPQJPQVOUPEFWFOUBDPNPDPOTFDVFODJBEFFTUNVMPTRVFFNJUFFTUF
BUSBWTEFMBTBDDJPOFTEFmerchandising.3FTQPOEFOBVOcomportamiento irracional
ZTVQPOFOFMEFMUPUBMEFMBTDPNQSBT
"TVWF[
IBZDVBUSPUJQPTEFDPNQSBTJNQVMTJWBTQMBOJGJDBEBT
SFDPSEBEBT
TVHFSJEBTZ
QVSBT
DVZBTDBSBDUFSTUJDBTQPEFNPTWFSFOMB5BCMB
Compras
impulsivas
Caractersticas
Ejemplo
Planificadas
&YJTUFJOUFODJOEFMMFWBSBDBCPMBDPNQSB
QFSPMB
SFBMJ[BDJOEFQFOEFSEFQSPNPDJPOFTJOUFSFTBOUFT
4VQPOFOFMEFMBTDPNQSBT
6ODMJFOUFOPUFOBQFOTBEPDPNQSBSEFUFSHFOUFQPSRVFUJFOF
FODBTB
QFSPWFRVFIBZVOBCVFOBPGFSUBEFMBNBSDB
-JNQTJNPZDPNQSBFMEFUFSHFOUF
Recordadas
/PTFUJFOFMBJOUFODJOEFDPNQSBSVOQSPEVDUP
QFSP
DVBOEPTFWF
TFSFDVFSEBMBOFDFTJEBE4VQPOFOFM
EFMBTDPNQSBT
6ODMJFOUFOPUFOBQFOTBEPDPNQSBSEFUFSHFOUF
QFSPBM
QBTBSKVOUPBMMJOFBMSFDVFSEBRVFOPUJFOFZMPDPNQSB
Sugeridas
Puras
&MDMJFOUFOPUJFOFJOUFODJOEFDPNQSBSFMQSPEVDUP
QFSPBM
6ODMJFOUFWFFMOVFWPEFUFSHFOUFDPOGSNVMBNFKPSBEBEF
WFSMPMPSFDVFSEB-PDPOPDFBUSBWTEFVOBDBNQBBEFQVCMJ 4VQFSMJNQJP
SFDVFSEBFMBOVODJPRVFMPQVCMJDJUBZEFDJEF
DJEBEZEFDJEFQSPCBSMP4VQPOFOFMEFMBTDPNQSBT
DPNQSBSMPZQSPCBSMP
&MDMJFOUFDPNQSBVOQSPEVDUPRVFOPTVFMFDPNQSBS
QFSP
BMWFSMPEFTFBBERVJSJSMP4VQPOFOFMEFMBTDPNQSBT
6ODMJFOUFOPTVFMFDPNQSBSEFUFSHFOUFMRVJEPTJOFNCBSHP
BMWFSFMQSPEVDUPFOFMMJOFBM
MMBNBTVBUFODJOZMPDPNQSB
Caso prctico 6
7PZBSFBMJ[BSMBDPNQSBBMTVQFSNFSDBEP)FIFDIPVOB
MJTUBDPOMPTQSPEVDUPTRVFOFDFTJUP
RVFJODMVZFMPTTJHVJFO
UFTBSUDVMPTZNBSDBT
t $IBNQ-BNBSDBRVFTVFMPDPNQSBSFT$IFWFBVY
t %FUFSHFOUFQBSBMBWBWBKJMMBT.FEBMPNJTNPDPN
QSBSDVBMRVJFSNBSDB
t (FM-BNBSDBRVFTVFMPDPNQSBSFT#SJTB.BSJOB
t -FDIF-BNBSDBRVFTVFMPDPNQSBSFT-B7BDB
t )VFWPT4VFMPDPNQSBSIVFWPTFDPMHJDPT
t :PHVSFT-BNBSDBRVFTVFMPDPNQSBSFT-B7BDB
5SBTSFDPSSFSMPTMJOFBMFT
SFBMJ[PMBTJHVJFOUFDPNQSB
t $IBNQNJDIBNQIBCJUVBM
$IFWFBVY
t %FUFSHFOUFQBSBSPQBEFMJDBEB4VBWFY"MQBTBSQPS
FMMJOFBM
SFDVFSEPRVFBQFOBTUFOHPZMPDPNQSP
t %FUFSHFOUFQBSBMBWBWBKJMMBTFMJKPFMRVFDPNQSMB
MUJNBWF[
QFSPQPESBIBCFSDPNQSBEPDVBMRVJFSB
t (FMVOBPGFSUBEFYEFMBNBSDB5VTBO
t )VFWPTIVFWPTFDPMHJDPT
DPNPTJFNQSF
t :PHVSFTMBNBSDBRVFTVFMPDPNQSBSFT-B7BDB
QFSPIBZVOBPGFSUBEFYEFMBNBSDB%VMDF
BT
RVFEFDJEPDPNQSBSMB
t 6OQBRVFUFEFDIJDMFTMPIFWJTUPNJFOUSBTFTQFSBCB
MBDPMBQBSBQBHBS
$POFTUPTEBUPT
EFUFSNJOBDVMFTTPOMPTEJTUJOUPTUJQPTEF
DPNQSBSFBMJ[BEBDPODBEBVOPEFMPTQSPEVDUPT
Solucin:
-PTUJQPTEFDPNQSBTPOMPTTJHVJFOUFT
t (FMZZPHVSFTNPEJGJDBEB
t $IBNQZIVFWPTQSFDJTBEB
t %FUFSHFOUFQBSBMBWBWBKJMMBTOFDFTBSJB
t %FUFSHFOUFQBSBSPQBEFMJDBEBSFDPSEBEB
t -FDIFTVHFSJEB
t 6OQBRVFUFEFDIJDMFTQVSB
Actividad
18. &TDSJCFMBMJTUBEFMBDPNQSBRVFUJFOFTRVFSFBMJ[BS
FTUBTFNBOBJOEJDBOEP
DPNPFOFM$BTPQSDUJDPBOUF
SJPS
FMQSPEVDUPZMBNBSDB
3FBMJ[BVOBDPNQSBGJDUJDJBBUSBWTEF*OUFSOFU
FOFM
TVQFSNFSDBEPPIJQFSNFSDBEPRVFFMJKBT"OPUBRV
DPNQSB IBT SFBMJ[BEP GJOBMNFOUF Z SFTQPOEF B MBT
TJHVJFOUFTQSFHVOUBT
a) {)BTDPNQSBEPUPEPTMPTQSPEVDUPTRVFUFOBTBOP
UBEPTFOMBMJTUB
b) {)BT DPNQSBEP BMHO QSPEVDUP RVF OP IBCBT
BOPUBEPJOJDJBMNFOUF
c) {)BTTJEPGJFMBMBTNBSDBTPIBTFMFHJEPPGFSUBT
d) {2VUJQPEFDPNQSBTIBTSFBMJ[BEPDPODBEBVOP
EFMPTQSPEVDUPT
-BEJTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBMZFMDPOTVNJEPS
Snt esis
&TUSVDUVSB
)PSJ[POUBM
t$BOBMEJSFDUP
t$BOBMDPSUP
t$BOBMMBSHP
t$BOBMNVZMBSHP
7FSUJDBM
t*OUFOTJWB
t4FMFDUJWB
t&YDMVTJWB
%JTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBM
'PSNBT
$POFTUBCMFDJNJFOUP
t$PODPOUBDUP
t4JODPOUBDUP
4JOFTUBCMFDJNJFOUP
t$PODPOUBDUP
t4JODPOUBDUP
5DOJDBT
La distribucin
comercial y
el consumidor
Merchandising
5JQPT
$MJFOUF
t'BCSJDBOUF
t'BCSJDBOUFZEJTUSJCVJEPS
t%FUBMMJTUB
t1SFTFOUBDJO
t4FEVDDJO
t(FTUJO
tShopper
tBuyer
3FDPOPDJNJFOUPEFOFDFTJEBE
#TRVFEBEFJOGPSNBDJO
1SPDFTP
EFDPNQSB
&WBMVBDJOEFMBJOGPSNBDJO
%FDJTJOZBDUPEFDPNQSB
t*OJDJBEPS
t*OGMVFODJBEPS
t%FDJTPS
t$PNQSBEPS
t6TVBSJP
$POTVNJEPS
$POTVNPZWBMPSBDJOQPTDPNQSB
5JQPT
EFDPNQSB
1SFWJTUBT
t1SFDJTBEB
t.PEJGJDBEB
t/FDFTBSJB
*NQVMTJWBT
t1MBOJGJDBEB
t3FDPSEBEB
t4VHFSJEB
t1VSB
23
-BEJTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBMZFMDPOTVNJEPS
Test de repaso
1. -BEJTUSJCVDJOJOUFOTJWB
a) 4FVUJMJ[BQBSBQSPEVDUPTEFDPNQSBGSFDVFOUFZTF
SFTUSJOHFFMONFSPEFQVOUPTEFWFOUB
b) &TBRVFMMBFOMBRVFFMQSPEVDUPMMFHBBMNYJNP
ONFSPEFQVOUPTEFWFOUB
QFSPDPOVOCBKPDPOUSPM
EFMDBOBM
c) 1FSNJUFRVFFOVOB[POBIBZBNTEFVOJOUFSNFEJB
SJPZFMDPOUSPMEFMDBOBMFTBMUP
d) *NQMJDBBDVFSEPTFOUSFGBCSJDBOUFZEFUBMMJTUBQBSB
RVFFTUFOPPGSF[DBQSPEVDUPTEFPUSBTNBSDBT
2. &MmerchandisingEFQSFTFOUBDJOFTBRVFMRVF
a) *OUFOUBBDFSDBSFMQSPEVDUPBMDMJFOUFBUSBWTEFMPT
DJODPTFOUJEPT
b) 4FDFOUSBFOQSFTFOUBSFMQSPEVDUPJOUFOUBOEPSFOUB
CJMJ[BSBMNYJNPFMFTQBDJP
c) &YQMPUB MB GPSNB EF QSFTFOUBS MPT BSUDVMPT Z FM
FTUBCMFDJNJFOUPQBSBGBDJMJUBSFMBDUPEFDPNQSB
d) 4FDFOUSBFOMBQSFTFOUBDJOEFQSFDJPTBEFDVBEPT
QBSBUPEBTMBTSFGFSFODJBTEFMTVSUJEP
3. $VBOEP IBCMBNPT EF merchandising EF TFEVDDJO
EFCFNPTUFOFSFODVFOUBRVF
a) &MDPOTVNJEPSMMFHBBDPOPDFSMPTQSPEVDUPTBUSBWT
EFUPEPTMPTTFOUJEPT
b) &MDPOTVNJEPSTJFNQSFRVJFSFIBDFSSFDPSSJEPTDPSUPT
FOFMFTUBCMFDJNJFOUP
c) &TNVZJNQPSUBOUFFMFHJSFMTVSUJEPRVFSFOUBCJMJDFBM
NYJNPOVFTUSPFTUBCMFDJNJFOUP
d) 2VFFMDPOTVNJEPSTPMPTFHVBQPSFMQSFDJP
4. 6OFTUBCMFDJNJFOUPRVFWFOEFQSPEVDUPTEFTDBUBMPHB
EPTBVOQSFDJPSFEVDJEPTFSB
a) 6OBVUPTFSWJDJP
b) 6OBUJFOEBEFEFTDVFOUP
c) 6Ooutlet.
d) 6OBUJFOEBEFDPOWFOJFODJB
5. &MDPNFSDJPUSBEJDJPOBMTFDBSBDUFSJ[BQPS
a) 6OBHSBOWBSJFEBEEFBSUDVMPTBQSFDJPTNVZCBKPT
b) 6OB FTDBTB WBSJFEBE EF BSUDVMPT B QSFDJPT NVZ
CBKPT
c) 6O HSBO TVSUJEP
RVF MF QFSNJUF BUFOEFS DVBMRVJFS
UJQPEFEFNBOEB
d) -BFYJTUFODJBEFMWFOEFEPSZEFVONPTUSBEPSRVF
TFQBSBBMDPOTVNJEPSEFMBTNFSDBODBT
6. 6OBUJFOEBEFVOBHBTPMJOFSBRVFBCSFIPSBTBMEB
UPEPTMPTEBTEFMBPTFSB
a) 6OTVQFSNFSDBEP
b) 6OBUJFOEBEFDPOWFOJFODJB
c) 6OBHSBOTVQFSGJDJFFTQFDJBMJ[BEB
d) 6OBUJFOEBEFEFTDVFOUPEVSP
7. &MmerchandisingDPOTJTUFFO
a) -BBOJNBDJOFOFMQVOUPEFWFOUB
b) 5DOJDBTDPPSEJOBEBTFOUSFGBCSJDBOUFZEJTUSJCVJEPS
BQMJDBEBTFOFMQVOUPEFWFOUBQBSBNPUJWBSFMBDUP
EFDPNQSBEFMBGPSNBNTSFOUBCMFQBSBBNCPT
c) 5DOJDBTEFHFTUJORVFTPMBNFOUFMPTWFOEFEPSFT
BQMJDBOFOTVTFTUBCMFDJNJFOUPT
d) 5DOJDBTMMFWBEBTBDBCPFOFMQVOUPEFWFOUBRVFOJ
DBNFOUFUJFOFODPNPPCKFUJWPBVNFOUBSMBSPUBDJO
8. -BDPNQSBJNQVMTJWBTVHFSJEBFT
a) "RVFMMB FO MB RVF FM DMJFOUF OP UFOB JOUFODJO EF
DPNQSBSFMQSPEVDUP
QFSPBMWFSMPSFDVFSEBRVFMF
MMBNMBBUFODJODVBOEPWJPVOBOVODJPFOUFMFWJTJO
FOFMRVFTFBOVODJBCB
b) "RVFMMBFOMBRVFFMDMJFOUFUJFOFMBJOUFODJOEFDPN
QSBSVOQSPEVDUP
QFSPEFQFOEFEFMBTQPTJCMFTPGFSUBT
c) "RVFMMBFOMBRVFFMDMJFOUFOPUFOBMBJOUFODJOEF
DPNQSBSFMQSPEVDUP
QFSPDVBOEPMPWFSFDVFSEBMB
OFDFTJEBEEFDPNQSBSMP
d) "RVFMMBFOMBRVFTFDPNQSBFMQSPEVDUPTJOQSFWFS
MBNBSDB
9. &MDPOTVNJEPSFTFMRVF
a) 6TBFMQSPEVDUP
b) $PNQSBFMQSPEVDUP
c) %FDJEFDPNQSBSFMQSPEVDUP
d) 5PEBTMBTSFTQVFTUBTTPODPSSFDUBT
10. 6OBEFMBTGBTFTEFMQSPDFTPEFEFDJTJOEFDPNQSBFT
a) 3FDPOPDJNJFOUPEFMQSPCMFNB
b) #TRVFEBEFQSPEVDUPT
c) &WBMVBDJOEFMBDBOUJEBEEFMQSPEVDUP
d) 3FDPOPDJNJFOUPEFMFTUBCMFDJNJFOUP
11. &MSFDPOPDJNJFOUPEFMBOFDFTJEBESFTQPOEFB
a) {1PSRVDPNQSB
b) {2VJODPNQSB
c) {$NPDPNQSB
d) {%OEFDPNQSB
12. -BT DPNQSBT EF CBKB DPNQMFKJEBE TPO MBT RVF TF
SFBMJ[BOIBCJUVBMNFOUFZSFRVJFSFOVOFTGVFS[PFDPO
NJDPCBKP-BDPNQMJDBDJOTFSNFOPSDVBOEP
a) &MFTUBCMFDJNJFOUPFTUDFSDBEFDBTB
b) 4FUFOHBFYQFSJFODJBQSFWJBZTFDPOP[DBFMQSPEVDUP
c) 4FIBZBSFDPNFOEBEPFMQSPEVDUP
d) 3FRVJFSBOVOBNBZPSSFGMFYJO
-BEJTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBMZFMDPOTVNJEPS
Comprueba tu aprendizaje
Distinguir las caractersticas de los canales de distribucin
1. {"RVTFEFOPNJOBDBOBMEFEJTUSJCVDJO
2. {2VEJGFSFODJBBVONBZPSJTUBEFVONJOPSJTUB
3. {2VUJQPEFDBOBMDSFFTRVFTFVUJMJ[BQBSBMBEJTUSJCV
DJOEFMPTTJHVJFOUFTQSPEVDUPT
a) 4FHVSPT
b) 1SPEVDUPTBERVJSJEPTFOVOBUJFOEBEFCBSSJP
c) $PDIFT
d) 1SPEVDUPTBERVJSJEPTFOVOBHSBOTVQFSGJDJF
4. {"RVUJQPEFEJTUSJCVDJOSFTQPOEFDBEBVOBEFMBT
DBSBDUFSTUJDBTRVFTFFYQPOFOBDPOUJOVBDJO
a) "DVFSEPEFEJTUSJCVDJO
TFHOFMDVBMMPTEJTUSJCVJEP
SFTBDFQUBOOPDPNFSDJBMJ[BSNBSDBTEFPUSPTGBCSJ
DBOUFT
b) 1SPEVDUPTEFDPNQSBGSFDVFOUF
c) 4F SFDVSSF B NT EF VO JOUFSNFEJBSJP
QFSP OP
BUPEPTMPTRVFEFTFFOEJTUSJCVJSFMQSPEVDUPQBSUJ
DVMBS
d) %JTUSJCVDJOOPDPNQBSUJEBDPOPUSPTGBCSJDBOUFT
5. {2VQPMUJDBEFEJTUSJCVDJODSFFTRVFMMFWBOBDBCP
MBT TJHVJFOUFT NBSDBT $IVQB $IVQT
-PFXF Z 4BN
TPOJUF
Analizar las diferentes estrategias de distribucin comercial
6. )B[VODBSUFMFYQMJDBUJWPDPOJNHFOFTRVFJEFOUJGJRVFO
MBTEJTUJOUBTGPSNBTEFEJTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBM&MNBUF
SJBMBFNQMFBSTFSWBSJBEP1PESTFNQMFBSSFWJTUBT
GPMMFUPT
FOWBTFT
QVCMJDJEBE
FUJRVFUBTy
Diferenciar las tcnicas de merchandising
7. {2VEJGFSFODJBFYJTUFFOUSFFMmerchandisingEFQSF
TFOUBDJOZEFTFEVDDJO
8. {2V EJGFSFODJB FYJTUF FOUSF FM DMJFOUF shopper Z FM
DMJFOUFbuyer
9. 7JTJUB VO FTUBCMFDJNJFOUP DPNFSDJBM RVF GSFDVFOUFT Z
BOBMJ[BZDMBTJGJDBMBTBDDJPOFTEFmerchandisingRVF
MMFWFOBDBCP
10. "DDFEF B MBT QHJOBT XFC www.carrefour.es Z
www.hipercor.esQBSBTJNVMBSMBDPNQSBEFVOBNJTNB
DFTUBEFQSPEVDUPT%FCFSTBBEJSBMDBSSPMBTNJT
NBTSFGFSFODJBT
JOEJDBOEPBRVFMMBTRVFFTUOFOQSP
NPDJO"OBMJ[BZDPNQBSBMPTSFTVMUBEPTPCUFOJEPTFO
BNCPTFTUBCMFDJNJFOUPT
-BEJTUSJCVDJODPNFSDJBMZFMDPOTVNJEPS
Prctica final
Elabora un proyecto de apertura de establecimiento comercial.
Pasos a seguir:
a) %FGJOJSMBJEFBEFOFHPDJP
BOBMJ[BOEPFMUJQPEFNFSDBODBBDPNFSDJBMJ[BSZFM
QCMJDPPCKFUJWPBMRVFUFRVJFSFTEJSJHJS
b) %FDJEJSMBQPMUJDBEFEJTUSJCVDJORVFWBTBMMFWBSBDBCP1PSFMMP
EFCFST
BOBMJ[BSDNPTFSMBFTUSVDUVSBIPSJ[POUBMZWFSUJDBMEFMDBOBMEFEJTUSJCVDJO
TFMFDDJPOBOEPMBTGPSNBTEFEJTUSJCVDJONTJEOFBTQBSBUVBDUJWJEBEDPNFS
DJBMZKVTUJGJDBMBFMFDDJO
c) 1FSTPOBMJ[BSUVJEFBEFOFHPDJPFYQMJDBOEPMBTUDOJDBTEFmerchandisingRVF
EFTBSSPMMBSTEFGPSNBJOEFQFOEJFOUFZDPPSEJOBEBDPOUVTQSPWFFEPSFT$MB
TJGJDBSMBTEFOUSPEFMBTDBUFHPSBTEFmerchandisingEFQSFTFOUBDJO
HFTUJOZ
TFEVDDJO
d) %FDJEJSRVBDDJPOFTSFBMJ[BSBTQBSBDBQUBSBMDMJFOUFshopperZDPOTFHVJSVOB
CVFOBJNBHFOBOUFFMDMJFOUFbuyer
e) &TUVEJBSFMUJQPEFDPOTVNJEPSPCKFUJWP$PNFOUBBMHVOBJEFBPSJHJOBMZOPWF
EPTBRVFQPOESTFONBSDIBZRVFTFBEBQUFBTVTOFDFTJEBEFTZICJUPTEF
DPNQSB
f) &MFHJSVOBSFGFSFODJBRVFGPSNFQBSUFEFMTVSUJEPZBOBMJ[BSMBTGBTFTEFVOIJQP
UUJDPQSPDFTPEFEFDJTJOEFTVDPNQSB1POFTQFDJBMEFUBMMFFOMBFOVNFSB
DJOEFMBTQFSTPOBTRVFJOUFSWJFOFOFOFMNJTNP
g) $PNFOUBS
QPSMUJNP
FKFNQMPTEFMUJQPEFDPNQSBTQSFWJTUBTFJNQVMTJWBTRVF
TFQVFEFOEBS1VFEFTSFMBDJPOBSFTUBQBSUFDPOMBTUDOJDBTEF merchandising
RVFWBTBQPOFSFONBSDIBQBSBJODFOUJWBSMBT
'JOBMNFOUF
SFBMJ[BVOJOGPSNFFOFMRVFTFTJOUFUJDFUPEBMBJOGPSNBDJOSFDPQJMBEB
1BSBFMMP
EFCFSTDPOTJEFSBSVOBTFSJFEFBTQFDUPTBUFOFSFODVFOUBEVSBOUFMB
FMBCPSBDJOEFMJOGPSNF
ZRVFNPTUSBNPTBDPOUJOVBDJO
Normas para la elaboracin de un informe:
t1SFTFOUBDJOEFMJOGPSNF&OMBQSJNFSBQHJOBEFCFQPOFSTFFMUUVMPEFM
USBCBKP
MBGFDIB
FMOPNCSFEFMBMVNOPZFMDVSTP"EFNT
EFCFOOVNF
SBSTFMBTQHJOBT
t%FGJOJSBRVJOTFWBBEJSJHJSFMJOGPSNFQBSBFTDSJCJSMPFOVOFTUJMPBEF
DVBEP&OFTUFDBTP
FMJOGPSNFTFQSFTFOUBSBMQSPGFTPSZBOUFMBDMBTF
t*OEJDBSDVMFTTPOMPTPCKFUJWPTEFMJOGPSNF
FTUPFT
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