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Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogot. Narvez Mauricio, Luna Mara Paula. Laboratorio Permeabilidad

LABORATORIO PERMEABILIDAD
Narvez Guzmn, Mauricio Alejandro manarvaezg@unal.edu.co, Luna Chavarro, Mara
Paula mplunac@unal.edu.co
Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogot
Resumen: En el presente informe de laboratorio se encuentran y analizan los resultados de
los ensayos para la determinacin de la permeabilidad de tres muestras de suelo por el mtodos
de cabeza de posicin constante y de una muestra de suelo por cabeza de cabeza de posicin
variable, realizados en el marco del estudio de la asignatura de mecnica de suelos, con los
cuales se busca observar y aplicar de manera prctica conceptos como gradiente hidrulico,
caudal y la ley de Darcy estudiados tericamente con anterioridad.
Abstract: In this laboratory report we
II. METODOLOGY
found out and analized the result to
determinate the permeability from three soils
To achieve a acertive laboratory of soils
using the constant head test and falling head
permeability, its necesary to prepare the
test, made applying the concepts studied in
soils previusly, in this case, 3 soils of a
soil mechanics signature, such as hydraulic
granular material, each one with a different
gradient, caudal and Darcys law.
compactions grade.
Para poder llevar a cabo un adecuado
Key words: soil, permeability, caudal,
procedimiento
en
el
laboratorio
de
hydraulic gradiente, piezometer.
Permeabilidad de suelos, se deben
preparar previamente las muestras de suelo,
Palabras Clave: suelo, permeabilidad,
en nuestro caso 3 muestras de un material
caudal, gradiente hidrulico, piezmetro.
granular cada una con un grado de
compactacin distinto.
Fort the first permeability test of constant
I. INTRODUCTION
head, we used the assembly located in the
soils laboratory at the National University of
The permeability coefient is a soils feature
Colombia, Bogota (image 1.), where were 3
linked to the Darcys law wich refers to the
tubes, each one with a sample of soil with
facility or difficulty for a fluid to flow through a
different number of blows to compaction,
soil. The soils permeability use to measured
wich were fill with water still saturation and
in function of wter flow velocity through itself
generating a continious flow condition leting
in a certain while. Generaly its expressed as
the fluid (water) flow for a certain period (30
a permeability rate in centimeter per hour
seconds in our case). Then, we used a test
(cm/h),
milimeter
per
hour
(mm/h),
tuve to resieve and measure the water
centimeter per day (cm/d) or as meters per
leaving the permeameter and determinate
second (m/s) or centimeters per second
the caudal through the soil, thus, using
(cm/s).
piezometers we measured the height of the
hydraulic head in each sample and from de
The
permeability
coefient
usually
Darcys law (ecuation 1.) we found out the
represented by k, is extremely variable, it
permeability coeficient, reaching the objetive
depends on the soil type, thats why its
of those tests.
divide in permeable and impermeable soils,
nad the last one are usually clayey material
and the amount of flow is small and slow.

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Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogot. Narvez Mauricio, Luna Mara Paula. Laboratorio Permeabilidad

t= Hydraulic flows time.

Fort he second permeability test of falling
head, we measured the flow of water through
the soils sample for difference of level in the
feeding tube. When execute the test the
permeameters vertical tube was fill with
water , showing its decrease when the water
passed through the sample, counting the
time when it gone from position h1 to position
h2.
Usin the ecuation2. We could found the
value the permeability coeficient for this test.

K T =2.3

h
L.a
log 10 1
A.t
h2

(2)

Where:

K T = Permeability coeficient.
L = Sample lenght (cm)
a= Buretas section (cm).
A= Transversal sections area (cm).
h1= inicial load, in instant t1 (cm)
h2= Final load, in instant t2 (cm)
I

1Image 1. permeability test for constant head.

KT=

Q.L
h. A . t

(1)

Where:

K T = Permeability coeficient.
Q = Waters volumen (cm).
L= Sample lenght (cm)
A= Transversal sections area (cm).
h= Load under wich filtration occurs.

RESULTADOS Y ANLISIS

The results obtained from the practice are:

1. For the standard test method for
permeability
of
granular
soils
(constant head):
0,001420
K1
74
0,001127
k2
51
0,000502
k3
26
2. For the standart test method for
saturated wter permeability of
granular drainage media (fallinghead):
9,85801EK
09

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Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogot. Narvez Mauricio, Luna Mara Paula. Laboratorio Permeabilidad

As we see in the tables above, the

permeability its variable and that depends on
the kind of soil studied or on the compaction
wich the soil studied has stood.
Then, we can make two propositions: 1. the
soil used for the constant head test has a
lower compactation tan the soil used for the
falling head test, or 2. The soil used for the
constant head test has a best granulometry
tan the soil used for the falling head test.
From granulometry of the studied soilswe
can afirmante that the second preposition is
the right one (it means that the soil used for
the constant head test is gravel has a better
granulometry tan the one used for the falling
head.
In general, the soil from falling head test has
smaller particles, thats why its permeability
(k) is smaller too (the fluid has to do a loger
path).
On the other hand, we have that permeability
for de constat head test drecreases, and the
explanation to this behavior is the
compactition. As long as the first manometer
has stood non blows, the second one has
stood 25 blons and the third one 50 blows,
and it means that the most compact is a soil,
the slower flows the fluid (water) through.
To see the granulometry of soil, head to Anex
2.
II

CONCLUSIONES

III BIBLIOGRAPHY

T.W. Lambe & V. Withman (1979).

Soils mechanics. First edition. John
Wiley & sons.
J. Martnez T (2012). Informe tcnico
de rctica No. 4: Permeabilidad.
Universidad Autnoma de guerrero.
Guerrero.
ASTM D1557-12.

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Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogot. Narvez Mauricio, Luna Mara Paula. Laboratorio Permeabilidad

III. ANEXOS
1.

CABEZA VARIABLE

Datos Iniciales
a (cm^2)
0,8
A (cm^2)
88.247
L (cm)
11,62
d tubo
0,9
capilar
hc
0,34
U TC
0,0010
54
U 20C
0,0010
13

h
leid
a
(cm
)
200

189
,7
180

170
,2

h
corregid
a
(cm)

hm
corregido

hm leido

Tiempo

(cm)

(cm)

(seg)

199,66
194,44181
03

194,78181
03

184,44624
58

184,78624
58

174,79410
63

175,13410
63

156,84667
55

157,18667
55

189,36

179,66

170,06

Cabeza Variable
ti
Error
tiempo

Ks

Ki

Kn

(%)

(cm/seg)

(cm/seg)

(cm/seg)

(cm/seg)

2,6836767
63

4,83032E09

4,83032E09

4,83032E-09

5,02582E09

547,09840 532,90159
27
73
1080
425,76569 414,23430
81
19
840

2,6640575
69

5,06236E09

5,06236E09

5,06236E-09

5,26725E09

2,7837859
04

6,79337E09

6,79337E09

6,79337E-09

7,06833E09

873,95217 806,04782
49
51

8,4243574
25

9,74908E09

9,74908E09

9,74908E-09

1,01437E08

(seg)

0
577,54720 562,45279
74
26
1140

145

144,66
139,15526
44

100

139,49526
44

133,86

2. Samples soils features:

1680
489,30983 470,69016
44
56
960

3,9558227
72

8,35213E09

8,35213E09

8,35213E-09

8,69018E09

K(permeabilid
ad)

7,23905E09