Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
MXICO
FACULTAD DE QUMICA
3er Proyecto
Destilacin Binaria no Ideal
Procesos de Separacin
Integrantes:
Coquet Dvila Manuel Benito
Salas Flores Rodrigo
Snchez Miaur Fernando
Semestre 2015-I
Problema
Traduccin
P
log
Compuesto
Agua
Acetona
A
4.6543
4.42448
B
1435.264
1312.253
C
208.312
240.715
PT P agua
x acetona =
P acetona P agua
y
acetona
x acetona P acetona
PT
P
(mmHg)
(acetona
)
2806.13
6
2018.72
7
1761.35
8
1454.73
3
1406.45
4
1146.36
2
1056.70
4
983.561
916.936
883.829
Experimentales
P
(mmHg)
(agua)
x
acetona
y
acetona
748.453
0.006
0.021
0.000
481.245
0.181
0.482
0.010
0.335
400.406
0.264
0.612
0.023
0.462
309.071
0.394
0.753
0.041
0.585
295.232
0.418
0.774
0.050
0.631
223.504
0.581
0.877
0.100
0.731
199.976
0.654
0.909
0.120
0.756
181.280
164.663
156.558
0.721
0.791
0.830
0.934
0.955
0.965
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.792
0.82
0.834
x
acetona
y
acetona
59.87
858.842 150.511
0.860
0.972
0.500
0.848
59.29
842.312 146.544
0.882
0.977
0.600
0.858
58.52
820.763 141.414
0.911
0.983
0.700
0.874
57.65
796.949 135.799
0.944
0.990
0.800
0.894
57.1
782.182 132.347
0.966
0.994
0.850
0.918
56.65
770.265 129.578
0.984
0.997
0.900
0.938
56.36
762.662 127.819
0.996
0.999
0.950
0.963
56.09
755.638 126.199
1.007
1.001
1.000
1
Datos experimentales obtenidos de Binary Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data
(Queriable database). Chemical Engineering Research Information Center.
Retrieved 6 June 2007.
Decidimos utilizar los datos experimentales como lo habamos comentado y
proseguimos a calcular las entalpas del lquido y del vapor con las
ecuaciones siguientes:
P
log
Compuesto
Agua
Acetona
Cp Lquido
kJ/(kgmol
K)
75.312
125.5
PM
kg/kgmol
18.02
58.08
Cp Lquido
kcal/(kgmol
C)
18
29.995
kcal/kgmol
9,723
7,481
x acetona
0.000
0.010
0.023
0.041
0.050
0.100
0.120
0.200
0.300
y acetona
0
0.335
0.462
0.585
0.631
0.731
0.756
0.792
0.82
HL
(kcal/kgmol)
1800.00
1590.93
1516.90
1414.62
1402.05
1320.16
1286.89
1305.13
1335.65
HG
(kcal/kgmol)
11,523.00
10,905.14
10,641.16
10,325.24
10,235.68
9,924.69
9,819.96
9,706.79
9,605.93
60.73
59.87
59.29
58.52
57.65
57.1
56.65
56.36
56.09
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
0.800
0.850
0.900
0.950
1.000
0.834
0.848
0.858
0.874
0.894
0.918
0.938
0.963
1
1384.52
1436.73
1493.93
1544.72
1590.91
1609.98
1631.27
1656.72
1682.42
9,553.84
9,508.43
9,476.78
9,430.35
9,374.56
9,321.40
9,277.09
9,229.46
9,163.42
Planteamiento
Balances de Materia
A=D+ F
ac
ac
ac
A x A =D x D + F x F
( H L, D +Q D )H G,1
H G ,1H L, D
L0
GD
Clculos
Balances de Materia
100=D+ F
100(0.5)=D( 0.92)+ F (0.03)
kcal
kcal
kgmol
H L , D=1,641
kcal
kgmol
R Dmin =
( H L ,D + QD )min H G ,1 11,197.99,308
=
=0.2465
H G ,1H L, D
9,3081,641
kcal
kgmol
Calor condensador
QD = D H L, D=12,709.81,641=11,068.8
q c =DQ D =52.809
kgmol
kcal
kcal
11,068.8
=584,532
h
kgmol
h
Calor reboiler
F =( H L, F QF )op =13,205.8
H L , F=1,477.12
kcal
kgmol
kcal
kgmol
kcal
kgmol
kcal
kgmol
kgmol
kcal
kcal
q f =F QF =47.191
14,682.92
=692,902
h
kgmol
h
QF =H L, F F =1,477.12(13,205.8)=14,682.92
Platos Reales=
7
+ 1 caldern 17 Platos+1 Caldern
0.41
kgmol
h
kgmol
h
T A +T D 20+80
=
=50 C
2
2
L0=23.43
kgmol
kg
1h
kg
58.08
=0.378
h
kgmol 3,600 s
s
G1=76.24
kgmol
kg
1h
kg
58.08
=1.230
h
kgmol 3,600 s
s
L0 0.378
=
=0.3073
G 1 1.230
G =
PM
1 58.08
kg
=
=2.19 3
R T 0.08206 323.15
m
50 C
M=
=757.332
kg
m3
L0 G
=0.016525
G 1 L
U n=1.30
G
=0.07
L G
m
, velocidad de inundacin
s
U op=0.8 1.30
Ca G=
m
m
=1.04
s
s
G1
kg
1 m3
m3
=1.230
=0.5616
G
s 2.19 kg
s
m3
s
A n ( efectiva )=
=0.54 m2
m
1.04
s
0.5616
AT =
An
=0.7105 m 2
0.76
DT =
4 AT
=0.951 m 3.12 ft
q=
q
Lw
2/ 3
( )
=664
q
Lw
2/ 3
( )
=5.15 mm
Lo
kg
1
m3
m3
=0.378
=0.0005
L
s 757.332 kg
s
Lw =0.77 0.951m=0.732m
rea total (AT) = 0.7105 m2
Dimetro (DT) = 3.12 ft = 0.951 m
rea de bajantes (12%) = 0.08526 m2
rea activa (76%) = 0.54 m2
rea de Flujo de Gas (10% A.A) = 0.054 m2
rea de un hueco = 9.5 x 105 m2
D2
A hueco =
=9.5 105 m2
4
# perforaciones por plato
perforaciones A flujo de gas
0.054
=
=
=568
plato
A hueco
9.5 105
Longitud del Vertedero (77% DT) = 0.732 m
Longitud de Paso de Lquido (64% DT) = 0.609 m
Espaciamiento entre platos (t) = 18 = 45.72 cm
Altura de platos = 12 x 0.4572 = 5.5 m
Altura total Rectificacin = 5.5 m + 1.2 m (salida de vapor) = 6.7 m
Cada de Presin (Enriquecimiento)
PT = P sec + P + P gl
Psec =cadade presin en el plato seco
m
0.5616
Ca G
s
m
u0 =
=
=10.4
rea de Flujo de Gas 0.054 m2
s
m2
kg
2.19 3
2
f
u G
kg
s
m
Psec =K
=1.8
=21.7312 2 =213.18 Pa
2 gc
kg m
m
2 9.81
2
kg f s
10.4 2
2
o
kg
4( 0.0199)
4
=
=1.705 2f =16.72 Pa
Deq g 0.00476(9.81)
m
f
kg
m
g
=0.65 ( 757.332 ) ( 0.0508+0.00515 ) ( 1 )
gc
=270.19 Pa
PT =500.09 Pa
Diseo de la Torre y Platos Perforados en Agotamiento
G1 Gm+1 =76.24
kgmol
h
kgmol
h
T A +T F 20+56.5
=
=38.25 C
2
2
L0=123.431
G1=76.24
kgmol
kg
1h
kg
18.02
=0.618
h
kgmol 3,600 s
s
kgmol
kg
1h
kg
18.02
=0.382
h
kgmol 3,600 s
s
L0 0.618
=
=1.619
G 1 0.382
G =
PM
1 18.02
kg
=
=0.705 3
R T 0.08206 311.4
m
L38.25 C =990.46
M=
kg
m3
L0 G
=0.04319
G 1 L
G
=0.049
L G
U n=1.84
m
, velocidad de inundacin
s
CaG=
G1
kg
1 m3
m3
=0.382
=0.5418
G
s 0.705 kg
s
3
m
s
A n ( efectiva )=
=0.3686 m2
m
1.47
s
0.5418
AT =
An
=0.4850 m 2
0.76
DT =
4 AT
=0.7858 m 2.58 ft
q
Lw
2/ 3
( )
=664
q
Lw
2/ 3
( )
=6.78 mm
q=
Lo
kg
1 m3
m3
=0.618
=0.000624
L
s 990.46 kg
s
D2
=9.5 105 m2
4
m
Ca G
s
m
u0 =
=
=14.7
2
rea de Flujo de Gas 0.03686 m
s
0.5418
Psec =K
2
o
u G
=1.8
2 gc
m2
kg
0.705 3
2
f
kg
s
m
=13.9765 2 =137.11 Pa
kg m
m
2 9.81
s2
kg
f
14.7 2
P =
kg
4( 0.0695)
4
=
=5.9535 2f =58.40 Pa
Deq g 0.00476(9.81)
m
f
kg
m2
g
=0.65 ( 990.46 )( 0.0508+ 0.00678 )( 1 )
gc
=363.66 Pa
PT =559.17 Pa
Conclusiones y Resultados
Flujos
kg mol
h
xacetona=0.5 y xagua=0.5
a. Alimentacin
i.
kg mol
h
xacetona=0.92 y xagua=0.08
b. Destilado
i.
D=52.809
kg mol
h
xacetona=0.03 y xagua=0.97
c. Fondos
i.
A=100
F=547.191
q c =584,532
q f =692,902
kcal
h
kcal
h
libera
requiere
Diseo Enriquecimiento
a. Platos enriquecimiento = 12
b. Huecos de 3/16 estndar de acero inoxidable
c. Espesor = 0.43= 1.092 cm
d. Altura vertedero (hw) = 2 = 5.08 cm
e. Altura de cresta sobre vertedero (how) = 0.515 cm
f. rea total (AT) = 0.7105 m2
g. Dimetro (DT) = 3.12 ft = 0.951 m
h. rea de bajantes (12%) = 0.08526 m2
i. rea activa (76%) = 0.54 m2
j. rea de Flujo de Gas (10% A.A) = 0.054 m2
k. rea de un hueco = 9.5 x 105 m2
l. # perforaciones por plato = 568
m. Longitud del Vertedero (77% DT) = 0.732 m
n. Longitud de Paso de Lquido (64% DT) = 0.609 m
o. Espaciamiento entre platos (t) = 18 = 45.72 cm
p. Altura de platos = 12 x 0.4572 = 5.5 m
q. Altura total Rectificacin = 5.5 m + 1.2 m (salida de vapor) = 6.7 m
r. P = 500.09 Pa
Diseo Agotamiento
a. Platos agotamiento = 5 y 1 caldern
b. Huecos de 3/16 estndar de acero inoxidable
c. Espesor = 0.43= 1.092 cm
d. Altura vertedero (hw) = 2 = 5.08 cm
e. Altura de cresta sobre vertedero (how) = 0.678 cm
f. rea total (AT) = 0.4850 m
Referencias