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J )'
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(ec. 6.8)
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expresin,
]` =
>b + b #( Hb #(
> >b + H #( Hb #(
(ec.6.9)
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Zfe\oèd\Z}e`ZXZlXe[fcXYXiY`ccX[\jXgXi\qZX%
8ZfekèlXZèj\\ogfe\\cgifZ\jf[\ZfdgifYXZè
[\leZXjfZfeZi\kf[\leXleè[\\jk\k`gf%
<a\dgcf-%(1<dYXiY`ccX[f]ifekXc\eki\gXipkìXek\Zfe
cXj[`d\ej`fe\jè[`ZX[Xj\ecX^liX-%*%J\i\Xc`qXi}cX
ZfdgifYXZè[\cXleè\ej`klXZèefidXcp\ej`klX$
Zè[\èZ\e[`fgXiXleXi\j`jk\eZ`XXc]l\^f[\*'d`$
elkfjI*' Xgc`ZXe[f\cdkf[f[\cXj\ZZèi\[lZ`[X%
=l\iqXj [\ j\ZZè1 j\ _X Zfej`[\iX[f cX XZklXZè
j`dlck}e\X[\[fjXZZ`fe\jZXi^Xg\idXe\ek\pe`\m\
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e`m\c[\dXi\jd\efif`^lXcX('''d%
<e\cgXi1
E(g4*/#'),bE2M(g4*#,'/bE
E(e4)+#**-bE2M(e4)#)+,bE
E([4(#*,*/#'),"(#,')+#**-4/.#/*.bE
M([4(#*,*#,'/"(#,')#)+,4/#('*bE
<e\ckìXek\1
E)g4*(#(.-bE2M)g'bE
E)e4(0#0,*bE2M)e'bE
E)[4(#*,*(#(.-"(#,'(0#0,*4.)#'(.bE
<ej`klXZè[\èZ\e[`fcXjjfc`Z`kXZ`fe\j[\Z}cZlcfj\$
i}ecXjj`^l`\ek\j1
J`klXZè[\èZ\e[`f
E([#4*/#'),"'#)')+#**-4+)#/0)bE
M([#4*#,'/"'#)')#)+,4*#0,.bE
E)[#4*(#(.-"'#)'(0#0,*4*,#(-.bE
=* = E( [ Zfj M( [ j\e =
= /. # /*.Zfj *' $ / #('* j\e *' = .) #'(. bE
J\gl\[\fYj\imXihl\\c]XZkfi[\i\[lZZèk`\e\le
mXcfi`^lXcX'#+0#è]\i`fiXchl\gl\[\kfdXij\Zfdf
j`dgc`ZXZè[\mXcfi'#-%
(ec. 3.21)
=+ = =( j\e + =) Zfj =
= /) #.+- j\e (, + *' # ,'(Zfjj (, = ,' #0*, bE
4+)#/0)&/.#/*.4'#+0
(ec. 3.22)
Gifg`\[X[\j[\cXdX[\iX1:cXj\i\j`jk\ek\:))#Zfecfj
j`^l`\ek\jmXcfi\jZXiXZk\ijk`Zfjp[\Z}cZlcfgXiXcXj`$
klXZèefidXcp[\èZ\e[`f#\eE&dd)1
:XiXZk\ijk`Zfj
:}cZlcfefidXc
:}cZlcfèZ\e[`f
KiXZZègXiXc\cX1
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(*#/,
),#''
0#)/
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(#--
*#''
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)#-*
+#.,
:fdgi\jèfYc`ZlX(, \Z%*%)* 1
:fdgi\jèg\ig\e[`ZlcXi1
:fikXek\1
a) Compresin oblicua en el frente de barbilla (ec. 3.23)
Comprobacin en situacin normal:

Las componentes de las fuerzas a utilizar son las siguientes:
Z # #[ =
=( = E( [ Zfj M( [ j\e =
= /. # /*.Zfj (, / #('* j\e (, = /) #.+- bE
(ec. 3.19)
]Z # #[ =
=) = E( [ j\e +M( [ Zfj =

= /. # /*. j\e (, + / #('*Zfj (, = *' # ,-( bE
(ec. 3.20)
=(
/).+=
= - #-- E & dd )
Y( km Zfj )'' -' & Zfj (,
]Z #' #[
=
]Z #' #[
j\e ) + Zfj )
bZ #0' ]Z #0' #[
(*
* # /,
= 0 # )/ E & dd )
(* # /,
)
)
j\e (, + Zfj (,
( #--
=`^liX-%*<a\dgcf[\Z}cZlcf[\leè\dYXiY`ccX[X\eki\gXipkìXek\%
0*
0+
\c\^`[XgXiXdè`d`qXi\cdfd\ekf\Zkfi\ecXleè#
\ZlXZè*%**%
<ce[`Z\[\X^fkXd`\ekf\j#

Z # #[ - #-=
= ' #.) (
]Z # #[ 0 # )/
Y K\ejèkXe^\eZ`Xc\e\cZf^fk\\Z%*%).
[ =
=*
.)'(.
=
= ( # )' E & dd )
Y) cm )'' *''
E) [ _) .)'(. )+'
=
= (-0 #. dd
) M[
) ,'0*,
:fdgifYXZè\ej`klXZè[\èZ\e[`f1
CXgif]le[`[X[ZXiYfe`qX[X\ZXq\j1
[\] = [Z_Xi + b' [' = ' # / *' +( . = *( dd

PcXjj\ZZ`fe\jhl\[Xei\[lZ`[Xj[\cXdXe\iXè[`ZX[X
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=( #]` = E( [ #]` Zfj M( [ #]` j\e =

= +) # /0)Zfj (, * #0,. j\e (, = +' # +'- bE
(ec. 3.19)
=) #]` = E( [ #]` j\e +M( [ #]` Zfj =
= +) # /0) j\e (, + * #0,.Zfj (, = (+ #0)* bE
(ec. 3.20)
=* #]` = E
P\ce[`Z\[\X^fkXd`\ekf#
( [ #]`
Zfj M( [ #]` j\e =
= +) # /0)Zfj *' $ * #0,. j\e *' = *, #(-. bE
Z #0' #[ ' # ,*
=
= ' # *) (
]Z #0' #[
( #-Gl\[\fYj\imXij\hl\cX[`jkXeZ`Xa\eki\\c\a\[\cXi\$
XZZèp\cmik`Z\[\cXZXaX[\cXYXiY`ccX#^liX-%*#\jk}
(ec. 3.21)
=+ #]` = =( #]` j\e + =) #]` Zfj =
= +' # +'- j\e (, +(+ #0)*Zfj (, = )+ # /.) bE
=`^liX-%+J\ZZ`fe\j\ZXZ\j[\jglj[\*'dèlkfj[\èZ\e[`f%
(ec. 3.22)
J`klXZè[\èZ\e[`f
a) Compresin oblicua en el frente de barbilla (ec. 3.23)

Z # #[ #]` =
=( #]`
+'+'=
= 0 #., E & dd )
Y( #]` km #]` Zfj (*/ )0 & Zfj (,
,
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]Z #' #[ #]`
]Z #' #[ #]`
j\e ) + Zfj )
bZ #0' ]Z #0' #[ #]`
),
= (- #.- E & dd )
),
)
j\e (, + Zfj ) (,
*
Z # #[ #]` 0 #.,
=
= ' # ,/ (
]Z # #[ #]` (- #.Y K\ejèkXe^\eZ`Xc\e\cZf^fk\\Z%*%).
[ #]` =
=* #]`
*,(-.
=
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Y) #]` cm #]` (*/ )-0
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]}Z`cd\ek\% 8 ZfekèlXZè j\ [\jZi`Y\ le \a\dgcf [\
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0,
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c) Flexotraccin en la seccin reducida (ec. 3.55)
X :fdgi\jè\e\c]i\ek\[\\eZXa\\Z%*%,(
k #' #[ =
Z #[ =
E[
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=
= , #(' E & dd )
k Y +- )''
d #[ =
El ndice de agotamiento,
Z #[
, #('
=
= ' #0) (
]Z #0' #[ , # ,*
b) Tensin tangencial rasante (ec. 3.53)

m #[ =
E[
+-0,'
=
= ( # ,- E & dd )
)'' (,'
Y c
El ndice de agotamiento es,
E[
+-0,'
=
= ) # +) E & dd )
_i Y 0. )''
E[ (_ _i ) & ) +-0,' )+' 0. & )

=
= (' #.' E & dd )
Y _i) & )'' 0. ) & )
Y el ndice de agotamiento,
k #' #[ d #[ ) # +) (' #.'
+
=
+
= ' #0. (
]k #' #[
]d #[
0
(, # )*
:fdgifYXZè\ej`klXZè[\èZ\e[`f1
CXgif]le[`[X[ZXiYfe`qX[X\ZXq\j1
[\] = [Z_Xi + b' [' = ' # / *' +( . = *( dd
[
( # ,=
= ' # ,0 (
]m #[ ) #-*
PcXjj\ZZ`fe\jhl\[Xei\[lZ`[Xj[\cXdXe\iXè[`ZX$
[X\ecX^liX-%-%
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J`klXZè[\èZ\e[`f
a) Compresin en el frente de encaje (ec. 3.51)

Z #[ #]` =
E[ #]`
(..+'
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k Y]` +- (*/
El ndice de agotamiento,
Z #[ #]`
) #.0
=
= ' # )/ (
]Z #0' #[ #]`
('
b) Tensin tangencial rasante (ec. 3.53)
m #[ #]` =
E[ #]`
(..+'
=
= ' # /- E & dd )
Y]` c
(*/ (,'
ZfeleXZfcX[\d`cXefi\[fe[\X[XgXiXcXleè[\leX
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e\j[\cXZfcXè[`ZX[Xj\ecX^liX%8cZXYf[\*'d`$
elkfj [\ èZ\e[`f cX j\ZZè \ZXq [\ cX Zfii\X \j [\
*/o(00dd%<cXgfpf[\cX\jg`^Xhl\[Xkf[XmXjfYi\
leYcfhl\[\dX[\iX[\cXm`^XZfeleXj[`d\ej`fe\j
[\*/o+-dd%<jkXj\ZZè\jèjlZ`\ek\gXiXcXZXi^X
X kiXejd`kì \e ZXjf [\ èZ\e[`f# X[\d}j [\ Zfejk`klì
leXgfpfgfZf\jkXYc\%
GXiXZfej\^lìleXI*'jècXXpl[X[\kìX]fe[fj[\
i\]l\iqf# cX \jkiXk\^`X [\Y\ èZcèXij\ X cX lk`c`qXZè
[\ XeZ_liXj [\ Zfii\Xj dXpfi\j hl\ cXj _XY`klXc\j
Zfe\ce[\Zfej\^lìhl\cXgifg`Xj\ZZè[\cXZf$
ii\Xgifk\aX\cZXa\X[f[\cXleè%<eZlXchl`\iZXjf#
cX [\k\idèXZè [\ jl i\j`jk\eZ`X Xc ]l\^f [\Y\ _X$
Z\ij\d\[`Xek\\ejXpf%
El ndice de agotamiento es,

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= ' #(/ (
]m #[ #]` + #.,
Z =c\ofkiXZZè\ecXj\ZZèi\[lZ`[X\Z%*%,,
k #' #[ #]` =
d #[ #]` =
=
E[ #]`
(..+'
=
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_i #]` Y]` -- (*/
E[ #]` (_]` _i #]` ) & )

=
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(..+' (./ -- & )

= 0 #0) E & dd )
(*/ -- ) & )
P\ce[`Z\[\X^fkXd`\ekf#
k #' #[ #]` d #[ #]`
( #0+ 0 #0)
+
=
+
= ' # +/ (
]k #' #[ #]`
]d #[ #]` (- # ), ). # ,
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=`^liX-%.J\ZZè\ZXq[\leXZfcX[\d`cXef
i\[fe[\X[X[\jglj[\*'dèlkfj[\èZ\e[`f%
i\[fe[\X[X[\jglj[\*'dèlkfj[\èZ\e[`f%
-%*%+:fcX[\d`cXefi\[fe[\X[X
CXleè\eki\Zfii\Xpm`^Xd\[`Xek\ZfcX[\d`cXefi\$
[fe[\X[X#ZfdfpXj\Zfd\ek\e\cZXgklcf*#efXcZXeqX
gfijjfcXleXi\j`jk\eZ`XXc]l\^f[\*'dèlkfj\ecXjjf$
clZ`fe\j_XY`klXc\j%Cfhl\fYc`^X\edlZ_fjZXjfjXi\]fi$
qXicXleèZfekìX]fe[fjZfcfZX[fj[\j[\cXZXiXjlg\i`fi
hl\g\id`k\ekiXejd`kìcXZXi^X\ej`klXZè[\èZ\e[`f%
<c ZfdgfikXd`\ekf [\ \jkXj le`fe\j Xc ]l\^f gl\[\
XeXc`qXij\Zfe\c\a\dgcfhl\j\i\Zf^\\ecX^liX-%.
-%+LE@FE<JD<:E@:8J1
:C8M@A8JP:FE<:KFI<J
-%+%(@ekif[lZZè
<e cXj le`fe\j d\Z}e`ZXj ^\e\iXcd\ek\ j\ \dgc\X
\c XZ\if Zfdf dXk\i`Xc hl\ Zfejk`klp\ cfj \c\d\ekfj
[\ aXZè% <c XZ\if# Zfdf kf[fj cfj dXk\i`Xc\j# jl]i\
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0.
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j`jk\eZ`XpXcXi`^`[\q[\cdXk\i`Xc%8[\d}j#[\Y`[fXcX
\c\mX[XZfe[lZk`m`[X[kid`ZX[\XZ\if#cXk\dg\iXkliX
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d`k\ZfeiXg`[\qXcXjgXik\jfZlckXjfgifk\^`[Xj[\c
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En el caso de las barras de arriostramiento (como los
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longitud de la barra provoca la rpida prdida de tensin
de la barra, dejando de ser eficaces en los primeros
instantes del incendio si no estn protegidos.
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