c

cc

VALVULAS, TUBERIAS Y
ACCESORIOS
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c

ELEMENTOS DE DISEO
c
c

c
 c
c
 cc
cc

c

VALVULAS

Definicin
ccccccccccc !"ccc  cc#c
 cc$ccc"cc$c"c$c c%c$c &c'cc# c cc
("cc cccc)ccc cc "c c cc!c
  &c*c+cccccc c c,c "cc$c cc "c
c ccc  cccc!ccc &c
ccc-ccc c c cccc$cc-  c)cc
"cc+cc ccccc ccc&c
c
Especificacin
c
cc ccc ccc+cccc+c-cc cc
c c ccccc !"cccc!c)cc + cc
 &c
c
c cc ccc ccc  "cc  ccc)c(cc
 cccc)c  ccc!"c$ cccc ccc
 !cc -$"c# cccc-$ccc cc !cc ccccc
$c)c ccc c-cc#"ccc !cc c -c)c# cc
 ccc cc. c)c c!/"cc ccc# . !c
"c- !/cc"c-$cccc  c)c !cc !&c
cccccc-c 0 cc!ccc)c  ccc
 cc&cc
c
1 c c"ccccc- "cc cc c ccc-cc+c
 c -$c c)c ccc)c+(cccccc  c
-c ccccc&c
c
Seleccin de materiales
c
c# cc cc c c cc cc c)c-c  c)c#cc c
cc ccc$cc2 2&c*cccccc2 2cc
 c#"c-$"c"c "c#-c&"cc# cc c$cc#&cc
2 2cc$c ccc !"c !c)c#&c1 cc!cc cc
 cccc ccc !"c !c)c  "cc cc%3c4 "c
%3c"ccccc)c #ccc
c
c
c
c
c

Tabla 1. Clasificacin general de vlvulas.

c
56 7 55 8c
c
De acuerdo al tipo de vlvula:
c

c
*c ccc!c+ccc( &c
c

*c ccc4cc- !ccc

c c. "c-ccc/c
)cc c c+c cc ccc
&c
*c ccc !cc -$"cc#c
 ccccc("cc22"c
' cc- <#c c./&c

6#,ccccccBc
c

!cccc cc!c
c
9c:cc c
9c:cc#-c
9c:cc-c
9c:cc c
9c:cc !c
9c:cc #c
9c:cc cc
c
;:cc-+c.</c
;:cc #c)c #!cc$c
;:c c cc$c c
;:cc# c
;:cc c
c
9c:cc cc
9c:cc c'-c
9c:cc c $c
9c:cc% c
c
9c5c=>c
9c5c?>>c
9c5c@>>c
9c5c=>>c
9c5cA>>c
c
9:c&c
9c:c&c

c
Tabla 2.Criterios importantes a considerar en la seleccin del tipo de vlvula
c
Criterio de seleccin
cccc !c
 !c)c  c
cc$c
 cc !c

Especificacin
+"c#"c+cc!c"c+c c
c c
  cc c)ccc$cc c
c cccc !C"cDc c-  c)c  cc
 c # c$C"cDc c cc  Cc
 ccccc-c cc
Cc
c. c c  cc#cc+/c

c
c

Tabla 3. Clasificacin de vlvulas de acuerdo a su accionamiento

cc:cc
cc
c
cc cc

* !c
'#cc!c cc c c cc
#!c
;
 c c !"c c  cc4 c
 cc  cccc
;c+cccccc c ccc
!c c
c

Tabla 4. Clasificacin de vlvulas de acuerdo a la funcin que va a desempear.

c
TIPO DE VALVULA
c
:cc cc c
<
7c

c
:c  cc !c
c
:cc# c

c
c
:cc !c

DESCRIPCIN
1 c ccc)c !ccc
 cc c
:cc
9c:cc#-c
9c:cc #c
9c:cc c
9c:cc c
9c:ccc
9c:cc-c
,cc c+c c  cc !ccc
 ccc%cc c-c c &cc
c
;cccccccccc
c)c!c
;c6c!cc'ccc ccc !cc
"c+c)c!&cc(cc c)cc
+ccccc'c !&c
;,cccc!c'cc !c  ccc
c#"c cc ccccc'  &c
;cBcc5 "c"c5  c
  cc: "c5 c+c+c  c#"c
&c
;cccc!cccc
 cccc+c cc  c)c &cc
;ccccc0c c#  cccc
$c ccc"cc+cc 0cc  c
cc
;c!cccccccc
 cc$cc--cc cc+c
c 0c  cc+ccc--"cccc
 c &c
c

c
c
Tabla 5. Lista general de materiales de construccin de vlvulas segn sus lmites de temperatura de
operacin
c

5
6c*c
1c*c
1c
c
#cc
  cc

)cc
EFc=>G?c
c
@HGIJ =c
 c
?Jc
?H?c
AJJc
A?Ac
@@c
L$c
I= c

)c-$c
IA@ c

c
c

cc c

c   c

 cc cc  c
 cc -c
K c,c
L c
K cc
1:5c
 cc-$c!c<cL c
L c<K c,<c c
'-c

Tabla 6. Normas Internacionales ASTM para la especificacin de vlvulas

ASTM
International
6
c=A@I>H
6
c
=JA<=JA
I>H
6
c??J

Descripcin

!c c c0ccc% c# c c"c- c)c cc- 

!c 0c cc $cccc cc!cL I1"c c
7 $"c)cccc)c0c cc ccc  
!c c c- cc% c-"ccc- "cc)c0c c
  "c "c)c c c c -$ccc  cc%c@>7
6
c
!c  0c  c c  $c c c Jc )c c GMc c +c - c c  c c
AA<AA
I>=
!"c "cc)cc cc cc-$c  
6
c
!c  c  c  -c )c c !c  $c c  c  c - c c c - "c
@GH<@GH
I>?c
 "cc)cccc !cc cc !c
6
cG@=I>Hc
!c  0c  c c +c c  c - c c  "c  $c  "c
"c- c)c0c cc
6
cGJJ<GJJ
c !c  c  c KI c c L c c  c '-"c  "c
c)cc cc ccc  c
6
cGJG<GJG
c !c  c  c KI c c L c c !c c  "c  "c
c)cc cc ccc  c
6
cL@=IAc
!c c cccc cc5ccL c
6
cL @?c
!c  c  c 7c c - c c c !c c  c  c c !c c c
c
6
cLJ?Hc
!c c c1 !c
 #cccc% I+I I-c
.6c >J?@ /c )c c +I I-I-c .-/c .6c >@@A/c L c c !c c
- "c "cc)c0c
6
c5==AGc
 c1 c cc!cc% cc c c!cccccc4 c
*c)cL c
6
c7JJc
!c c ccc- c cccc#-cc- c16c=c<cHccAc
6
c7GGAc
!c c ccc+cccc
6
c7GG?c
!c c cccc-+ccc
6
c7=>A>c
!c c c5#cccc cc c
6
c7=>?>c
 c1 c cc!cc  ccc
6
c7=>GJc
!c c c*cc- c ccc I16cAccAHc
6
c7=A =c
!c  c  c c c  c  c c c c c +c c
 c 1 c
+c6-  !cc
6
c7=? >c
!c c c:c  cc !c ccc#c
6
c7=@c
!c c c:c  cc !c cc cc c
6
c7= GAc
!c  0c  c c +c c  c c c 0c c  c c
'#c#c
6
c7= G?c
!c  c  c c c c  c .-4c c c c
 cc"c7:/c c cc !#c6 c
6
c7= GHc
!c c cc cc"c:c -cccc c.c'!cc
#cc'#/"c)c6cK c
6
c7= Gc
!c c c:c  cc !cc cc !#c
6
c7=J>Ac

4cc -c c c - cccccc ccc

6
c7=G >c
!c  c  c  c c c# "c c)cc cccc
  ccc./c.1:5/cc cc ccc.  cc/c.51:5/c6c
6
c7=GJc
!c 0c cc"c "cc#-"ccc c
6
c7A=?Jc
!c c cc ccc cc6 cc c c
6
c7AA=c
!c 0c cc# "c "cc c)cc c ccc
"c
6
c7A?AHc

4cc -c c ccc c1 I c

c
c
c

Vlvula de Compuerta

Tabla 7. Caractersticas y aplicaciones de las vlvulas de compuerta

* !cc

7c &c

c

Destinada a operar
totalmente abierta o
totalmente cerrada, no
introduce cada de
presin considerable en
la lnea&cc

- ccc
ccc
 cc%c.cc
c c cc
# /c ccc
cc&c

ccc c
ccc c
#!&c

c+c#ccc
ccccc
c"cccc%c
cccc
ccc c
 -ccc
 cc-c
 cc&c

c#c' ccc
cccc
"c cc- !c
cc ccc
 cc- &cc
'cc(c c#c)c
! c &c

1 cc$ccc
c# ccc!c
c!cc cc
cc2 )2"ccc
c(cc cc
 cc%c

:$c

*$c

c
c&c

c
5 cccc
 !&c

5 c% 4&c

L$c&c
*(c)c
c
&c
1c ccc
 !&c

1 c!cc
-$ccc !&c
*-c c- cc
 c c&c
c!c c
 #!c
  c !cc
c)cc&c

6c + c%c

 0c c &c

c
Tabla 8. Lista general de materiales para vlvulas tipo compuerta
c
Descripcin
5 c

API TRIM-8 (UT)

6
cc=>c

API TRIM-5 (HF)

6
cc=>c

API TRIM-12 (3HF)

6
cc=>c

c./cc

6
ccA @c 1
cH=>cN6@c

6
ccA @c 1
cH=>cN6@c

5("" c

6
ccA= c5=c

6
ccA= c5=cN6@c

6
ccA @c 1
c?=@c
N6@c
6
cc?=c57J
c

7 
c<c 
P *Lc?>Hc

c
6
cc=>c

7 
c<c 
P *Lc

?>Hc
6
cc=>c

Occ
Lc
+cc#c
 c%'#c

7 
c<c 
P *Lc?>Hc

6
cc=>c
7 
c

7 
c

7 
c

6
cc=G?c cL c
c
6
cc=>Jc 1
c=>=Jc
c
6
ccJAc 1
cH=@c
c
6
cc?@c

6
cc=G?c cL c
c
6
cc=>Jc 1
c=>=Jc
c
6
ccJAc 1
cH=@c
c
6
cc?@c

6
cc=G?c cL c
c
6
cc=>Jc 1
c=>=Jc
c
6
ccJAc 1
cH=@c
c
6
cc?@c

:#c

6
cc=GHc cJc
c
6
ccA @c 1
cH=>c

6
cc=GHc cJc
c
6
ccA @c 1
cH=>c

6
cc=GHc cJc
c
6
ccA @c 1
c?=@c

 cc#c

6
ccJAc 1
cH=@c

6
ccJAc 1
cH=@c

6
ccJAc 1
cH=@c

:c

6
cc?@c c@cHc=Ac

6
cc?@c c@cHc=Ac

6
cc?@c c@cHc=Ac

 ccc

6
cc=>Jc 1
c=>=Jc

6
cc=>Jc 1
c=>=Jc

6
cc=>Jc 1
c=>=Jc

1 I+c
 #c
L I1 I+c
 cc #c

c
c

Imagen de una Vlvula de Compuerta

 ccc

:#cc
c

1cc!c

:c
-c#c
 c
 cc#c
:#c
 cc #c

+cc#c

L I1 I
+c
6 ccc  c

 #c
1 cI+c
 cc

!c cLc

+cc#c

Lc

- cccc
cc

Oc

5 c./c

c./c

5 c

Imagen de una vlvula de compuerta

Vlvula de bola
Tabla 9.Caractersticas y aplicaciones de las vlvulas de bola
* !c

7c &c

c

:$c

*$c

# cc-ccc
c-cccc
.cc#c
4"c7"c7"c
)c)c /cc
 cc +c
' &cc

6c- ccc# cc

$cccc cc-c
  "ccc c+c
 ccccc
cccc
  !ccc c)cc
cccc

6 c# "cc
+"c+"c
 "c#"c &c

c&c

+ cc !c

. /c c &c

5cc- c
  ccc
- cccc
 -cc# c
cc !c

L$c&c
*#cc&c

6 cc  ccc
 c&ccc0c
 c # c$c)c+cc
!c "cc
cc &c
1 cc
 &c
1 c-$ccc !cc
 4ccc&c

5 c% 4&c

7c
&c
 cc
 !c c
cc!c
- c)c cc
ccc# c
c-cG>Qc)c c
cc

5!cc-$c
cc !&c
c cc
#!cc c
ccccc
c#-cc cccRc
c&c

1 c cccc
 !&c
1 cccc
c ccc- &c

c
c
Tabla 10. Materiales tpicos de construccin de vlvulas tipo bola
c
Asiento
c
9c7c  0cc- c
9c7c  0cc# c
9c)c  0cc# c
9c71c
9c7c  0cc c
9c* c
9c

c
9cS
c
9c1Tc
9c116c
9c7c
9c7c
c

c
c
c
c

5cccc
Cuerpo
c
9c=>"U5Lc
9c5 I
"c7"c5c
9c5 I
"7=="cU5@c
9c5 I
"7G"c5=Ac
9c66"c7?>H"57Jc
9c66"7?=@"57J
c
9c66"7?=@"c57?
c
9c
c
9c c
9cK)c
9cc
9c)A>c
9c5Lc
9c55c
9c7?= "c5 J
c
c

Trim:
.7 c cc#c)cc-/c
c
66?=@c66?>Hc
c
c66?= "c66@?>cc
c

"c)A>c
c
K)c5"c c
c
"c c
c
c6c
c
c5c c
c
c5c+c
c
66c c
c
66c+&c
c

Imagen de una vlvula de Bola

c

Vlvula de Globo
c
Tabla 11. Caractersticas y aplicaciones de las vlvulas de Globo
* !cc
ccc#-c
ccc
,"ccccc
 cc# c c
ccccc
!c+c cc
 cccc
cccc
+cc c
 ccc
 !ccc
- c

7c &c
c
cc0c
c#-ccc
#ccc-c+c
c)cc- c)c
 c c c
-&c5cc
cc#-cc
"cc#ccc
c cc- &c

c
6 c# "c
+"c "c#"c
 "cc
+&c
 #!cc
#!cc
 !&c
1 cc
 &c
1 c ccc
#cc &cc
5cc-c
 c ccc
 !c

:$c
 #!ccc
 cc !c
cccc&c

*$c
ccc !&c
5c cc

5  c ccc)cc
c c "cc
c ccc)c
#ccc#c)cc
-&c
5 c ccc
 !&c
*-cc c
,&c
1 cc("cccc
ccc.#-/cc
 c  c)c 0c
ccc   cc
cc&c

c
Tabla 12. Diseos tpicos de globo o disco:
c
cc#-ccc
*ccc!cc!c
*c4 c
*c!c
*c#$c
*c%3c

5  c
c c#"cc"c c# c  cc$c
c ccccccc,cc%)c
ccc !cc!cccc
) c cccccccc c
# c  cc$c
 cc #!c)ccc$"cc c
 !c
ccc0ccc#c cc-c!cc
 cc$c)cc c  c

Tabla 13. Materiales tpicos de construccin de vlvulas tipo Globo

Descripcin
Cuerpo
Asiento
Disco
Seguro
Tuerca del disco
Bonete
Empaque del vstago
Prensa empaque
Esparrago
Brida prensa empaque
Tuerca del esparrago
Vstago
Tuerca del vstago
Volante
Tuerca del volante

Material (API TRIM 8, UT)

ASTM A-105M
ASTM A-276 tipo 410 +ST 6
ASTM A-276 tipo 410
ASTM A-276 tipo 410
ASTM A-276 tipo 410
ASTM A-105N
Grafito
ASTM A-108 Tipo 1018
ASTM A-582 GR 416
ASTM A-36
ASTM A-194 GR 8
ASTM A-276 tipo 410
ASTM A-582 GR 416
STM A-536 GR 664512
STM A-194 GR 8

Imagen de una vlvula de globo

Vlvula de Mariposa
c
Tabla 14. Caractersticas y aplicaciones de las vlvulas de Mariposa
* !c  c
c
cc
cc
# c$c.c
c c)c
cc !/c
ccc
 cccRcc
c)c cc
 !c7 c
 ccc  c
+cccc$c
cI$"ccc
 ccG>Vcc
#c ccc
ccc
 !cc

7c
&c

c

:$c

*$c

c
cc
0cc
#-ccc
#ccc
-c+c c)c
c- c)c
 c c
 c-&c
5ccc
c#-cc"c
c#ccc
c cc
- &c

6 c# "c+"c
#"cc+"c
+cc!cc
!&c

# cc"c"c-$c
&cc

c !c. /c c

 &c

+ cc&c

5cc c
cc !&c

6 cc  ccc
 c&c
6 cc #!&c

, ccc0c
!&cc
cc-cc&c

c
1 cc &c
5cc + c c
c c#cc+&c
5ccc cc
ccc cc
c- &c

c&c
5 !ccc &c
6cc cc&c
c

1 c-$ccc !cc
 4ccc&c

c
c
c
Tabla 15. Materiales tpicos de construccin de vlvulas tipo Mariposa
c
Descripcin
Cuerpo
Asiento
Disco
Tuerca del disco
Bonete
Esparrago
Tuerca del esparrago
Vstago
Tuerca del vstago
Volante

c
c

1 ccc
!&c

Material (API TRIM 8, UT)

ASTM A-126 B
ASTM A-276 EPDM
ASTM B-148
ASTM A-276 EPDM
ASTM A-105N
ASTM A-582
ASTM A-194 GR 8
ASTM A-416
ASTM A-582 GR 416
ASTM A-536

Imagen de una Vlvula de mariposa

Vlvula de Diafragma
c
Tabla 16. Caractersticas y aplicaciones de las vlvulas de Diafragma
* !c  c
c
cccc
 #ccc
c,c)c
,cc c c
ccc #c
'-c$ccc
  &c5cc
#cccc
%c cc
  "cc #c
 cc)c
 cc !c
ccccc
$c  &c
'cc(Bcc
paso recto )cctipo
presa .c  /&c

7c &c

c

:$c

*$c

c
6c !cc
 ccc
-4ccc
 &c6c c
 c !c
&c1 c
 # cc #c
c-c(c c
c'cc 0"c
c  cc
cc c
c c c
c +&c

6 cc  ccc c
&c

L$c&c

* #c
-cc
#&c

1 c cc #!&c

cc
+ &c

1 c cc-$c cc

 !&c

c%)c-cc
#c cc#&c

7c "c c

#$cc"cc
+c- "c"c
"c c 4&c
c
c6c0c c-  c)c  ccc
c$c c-4c c # c
cc#c)c +c cc
cc-$c !&c

ccc -cc
- !"c !cc
 !cc#ccc
 c+c &c
c-c c
 cc$cc
cccc
+ cc ccc
ccc&c

c !cc
  ccc
- c&c
1 c #!c
c$"cc(c
c cc
  -c
+cc$c
)c-$"cc
#!cc
- &c

c
c

Imagen de una vlvula de diafragma

Vlvula de Retencin
Tabla 17. Caractersticas y aplicaciones de las vlvulas de Retencin
* !c  c
c
ccc !cc
cc cc !c
cc !&cc !cc
+ccccc- c
cWcc  cc
 !"cc &cc
c
c
c
c1!c
c
ccc !cc
!cc ccccc
#-"c'c+cccc
ccc !c ccc
- c)cc c c# c)c
c !c &c
c
c-cc
c
c* 6X
c 1
cL
c6c6*
c
1c7[*
6c*cc
: 65
6 **Wcc55 8c
*c
\ 
 ]c*ccL
"c

 cc617 5 c*c

6 
ccL6c
5
* 5
6cK6cZccL
c
6c*6 6&c
c

7c
&c

c

:$c

*$c

c
c !ccc
- c-c
 c-$cc
&c

5c%)c-c
 cc !cc
c- &c

 cccccc
!cc  c&c

6c::6c*c
5 8c 1
c
1 68c
1
*5cc
c5[*c*c
16 8ccc
[c

cc
% 0cc
cc
- c
% 0&c
6c%)c#cc
c !c
 "c
' cc
)c&c

!c &c
1 ccccc
#-c)c# &c
1 cccccc
 !cc 4cccc
cc -&c
- c c cc#"c
 "c#"c#c)c cc
ccc
 !&cc
5ccc
cccc
 !ccc- &c

5c%)c-c
 ccccc
c !&c

cccc
c ccc
 !&c

1 cccccc
 "c%"c-"c
 #ccc &c

7c &c

c3c
c
Lcccc0c
!c./"c c
cc0cc
!c- cc "c cc
 !cccc+c
ccc' cccc
c'4 cccc
 ccc$ccc
!"ccccc-  cc  c
ccc&c
c

c
c
c
c

c(cc cc c

 cc!cc c
cccc&cc

6 c c+cc
#&c

c* 6X
c 1
c1 68c

1
1
5
cc5 c
6c
K
Y 5
cZc5Z c


c 1
c*c::c*c
5 8c

c
c



c
*c6c
65 8c
6c56
c
5c
5
5 * cc
75Kc

5*cc
c51
c*c
c::c
5
cc
6 *
c*c
7O
&c

5ccc
cccc
 !&c
5c%)c-cc
 cccc
 !ccc- &c
1 c cc- c+c
ccc
 &c
1 c- c c+c
c !c
&c

c0cc(c c
  cc c
# &c
6cc c c
c+ c!&c
1c c cccc
&c
c -c)cc c
 ccccc)c
-$&c
1
1
5
cc5 c
5

1
cK
Y 5
c
\5
c7 6]c*L *
ccc
7c*c5 cZc6c
1*c
Lc
* cc
55 8c*c:
&c

1
*5cc
c5[*c*c
16 8ccc
[&c

Tabla . Materiales tpicos de construccin de vlvulas tipo Mariposa

c
Descripcin
Cuerpo
Asiento
Piston
Resorte
Junta
Tapa
Placa de identificacin
Volante

Material (API TRIM 8, UT)

ASTM A-105N
ASTM A-276 TIPO 410+STG
ASTM A-276
Acero inoxidable 302
Grafito-Inoxidable 304
ASTM A-105N
ALUMINIO
ASTM A-536

c
c
c
c

Imagen de una vlvula de Retencin

c
c

ccc

c
c

c
c
c

cc

TIPOS DE EXTREMOS Y UNIONES TIPICOS DE VALVULAS

cc

TUBERIAS
c- cccc+ccc!cc   c#cc cc
FABRICACION
c- cccc c ccccc cc ccccc
cc-!cc ccc# cc# &c
* ccc cc( c#cBc
=&c
A&c
?&c
H&c
&c

c. /cc
 0cK cc
1 -c #4cc
)cc cc
cc c.# c c)c /cc

ccc cccc- c-c cc c +cc

c "cccc-c cccc#Bc
=&c
A&c
?&c
H&c

)ccc !cc
cc
*-cc
* 0cc

Materiales de Fabricacin
* ccc cc- !ccc- ccc0ccc cc -!&ccc
- cc# c cc(c)c c c cc-!&
c 1 ccc -$ccccc cc-c ccc !cc
c+c)c cc- !cccc+c)c &c
c - cc+"c
 cc cc c-ccc-cc16cc^c%c
H2cc c&c
c - cccK)c cc #cccc)c(cc^ccH2c16&c
c - cccc cc c c#cc c)c c
- c'  &c
c - ccI- cc ccc, cccc%cH>c)cJ>cc^c
cH2&c
TERMINACIONES
c

-c Bccc' cc cc-cc c c#c)c c"cc

 !cc- "cc-c c#c)c ccc"c+cc cc
# c'!cc $ &c6c )cc ccc=<Jc%cH2.c
 c%c@2/&cc

-cc Bc1c c cc cccc.%cc cc

 'ccAc/Wc cc cc) cc%c@A>ccc
cc. c
/&c1 c cc%cAcT#<Acc !c
cc ccc c.* cAHHG/Wc c c%c=>>cT#<Ac#,cc
* cAH>c.c?H/"cAH=c.cH/c)cAHc.c/c)c c) c cc-4c c
 cc cc# &c
c -cBc6c cc-cc-ccc - cc#cc#c
 c c cccc?>>cccccc+ccc)c cc
c c%cJ>cT#<Ac '"ccc-cc c!#c c
cc>ccc "ccc"cc- #"cc !c-cccc
-ccc &cc
c -c %Bc6c cc !cc  ccc ccc@>c"cc
c+ccc c!#"ccc cc+c c c+(&c
c

CARACTERISTICAS PARA SU SELECCION

c c cc-!cc- cccccccccc "cc
cc  cccc cccccc!ccc&c
cc c cc) cccc--c c#,ccc !&cc
c!cccc- cc0 cccc#c Bcc
c
c
c
c
c
c

 0ccc  cc -$cc

ccc,cc
1 cc!cc
7cc!c)c  !cc
c ccc !c)c !cc
5ccc+cc

Tabla 18. Clasificacin de tuberas segn sus materiales de construccin

5cc- c
- cc c)c% cc

c
6c0c cc c)c  "c
# c  c#"c "cc
)c#&c

- cc% cc

ccc- ccc
 c-$c c c   c
#"c#c)c#c# c. $/Wc+c
-4cc0c c'cc cc
-$c !&c
ccc'ccc
 c-ccc c
 &c
6cccc c)cc
!c

- cc cc!c)c- c

- cc- c

- cc

c- ccc'cc
 c+c-ccc ccc
 !cc)ccc!ccc+&cc
6c'-c)ccc)cc c
cc -c ccc
c%)c ccc !&c

!c
c- ccc cc
 c"cccc c
 c+cc
  
 c
cc- &c*c c# cc
 cBc\ ]c.6%cH>/"c
'  c.6%cJ>/c)c-c
'  &c
ccc- cc
% cc# ccc
cc- ccccc)c
#c
ccc ccc
c- cc c)c% "c cc
 ccc cc &c
K)c+c cccc- !c)c
ccc cc
("c c$cc(c
 0"c% c)c&c
c

c
Tabla 19. Altura equivalente de velocidad (ft)

7$c
4 c
.#/cIEcc
* c./c
Hc
@c
Jc
=>c
=Ac
=H c
=@c
=Jc
A>c
c
c
Hc
@c
Jc
=>c
=Ac
=H c
=@c
=Jc
A>c
AHc

=>>c

A>>c

Altura equivalente (ft)

H>>c
@>>c

J>>c

=>>>c

=>>c

0.1
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

0.41
0.08
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

1.62
0.32
0.1
0.04
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00

3.65
0.72
0.23
0.09
0.05
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00

6.48
1.28
0.41
0.17
0.08
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.01

10.13
2.00
0.63
0.26
0.13
0.07
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.0012

22.8
4.50
1.42
0.58
0.28
0.15
0.09
0.06
0.04
0.02

A>>>c
H>&?c
J&>=c
A&?c
=&>Hc
>&c
>&A c
>&=@c
>&=>c
>&>@c
>&>?c

A>>c
@?&?Ac
=A&=c
?&G@c
=&@Ac
>& Jc
>&HAc
>&Ac
>&=c
>&=>c
>&>c

?>>>c
G=&=Jc
=J&>=c
& c
A&??c
=&=?c
>&@=c
>&?@c
>&AAc
>&=c
>&> c

H>>>c
=@A&==c
?A&>Ac
=>&=?c
H&=c
A&>>c
=&>Jc
>&@?c
>&H>c
>&A@c
>&=?c

>>>c
A?&AGc
>&>?c
=&J?c
@&HJc
?&=?c
=&@Gc
>&GGc
>&@?c
>&H=c
>&A>c

>>c
@G&Gc
==A& c
?&@Ac
=H&Gc
&>Hc
?&J>c
A&A?c
=&?Gc
>&G=c
>&HHc

=>>>c
=&>=?&=Gc
A>>&=?c
@?&?Ac
A&GHc
=A&=c
@& c
?&G@c
A&H c
=&@Ac
>& Jc

ACCESORIOS
cc$cc0ccc0c+cccc-ccc c
 c ccc  cc- ccccc &c
cc ccccc Bc
c
c
c
c
c
c

5c
c
c
5ccc
 c
 c)cc

Caractersticas
 cc  cc Bc"c("c!"c "c c)c!&cc
c * &cccccc cc cccccccc
c)ccccc4c'#&c
c &ccccc!cc- ccc3# c+cc  cc
 c ccc &c
c !&ccc cc$cc cccc%%cc cc- &c
c  &ccc#  c+ccc cc cc ccc c)c
c-&c

c
c

L6c*c*65 15
c c*c556

6c

Tabla 20. Clasificacin de Bridas
556

c

*65 15
c

 1
cSc55 6 56c

L ccc)c-+c
 c Bc

55[6 56c 6cc

c0ccccc0 c
c cc cc
+(c0ccc0c+c
 -)cc   cc
 !ccc$c

c
c
Bridas

c
L c0Bccc

c
c
6c  c  c  c - c c
+c .L-"c  - c c  "c
 "c +"c &/c c  c ."c
"c&/&cccc ccc- c
)cc cc+cc cc c&cc
c $c c c c - c c c c
%%c c +c  c  c c  c  #"c
 cc c$c)c$cc-$c
c 0 c  cc&c

L c &cc

6c - c +c c  c

c c c c
 c )c c 0c c c
c c c   c
 "c -$c  !c )c c
 !"c c c c  c
 c +c +c #c
4 &c

L ccc-c
- &cc

cc- c+ccc)c
c- cc#  c  cc
"c c +c  c  c c
 c  c  c c
+ c !c c c
c &c

L c#&cc

c c 0c c

!c c  c  c "c )c c
ccc- cccc
c  "c c c  c
$c c  c c c
- c c #c  "c  c )c
&c

L c c)ccc
 #c c &c

6c  c  c  c c

!c c - c c  "c
c # c c c c
 "cccc
c-c)c0&c

L c--&cc

c c  c c  c

-c %c c c  c
+cc"ccc c
c  !c c =<J__c )c c c
c ccc' &c

c c +c c c  c c

0 c%c+ c' c
c-ccc cc)cc
 ccc cc c
"c  c "c - c )c
 "c %c )c %- c )c c
 c + c  c  c
-c&c

Tabla 21. Clasificacin de Codos

5c ccHQc

5c ccG>Qc

5c cc=J>Qc

* &c

cc(cccc ccc c
c ccc'ccR__c%c
=A>``]&c-4c'ccc !&c

c
#c

c

5
*
6c

6c cc c c+cc

0c  c - c c  !c c
$ccccc# cc
c +c c c c -$c
c- &c

O&c

!&c

*!&c

cc'c c-c' ccc)c

c# ccc# cc0c
+c + cc&c
cc!c+cccc4 c%cc
cc &c6#,cc cccc
 Bc c "c #"cc  c)c' c #&c
cccc cc0cc cc
ccc- cc"c ccc
 cc Bc cc -"c
 ccMcc "c c'-"c
#0"c&c
cc c+ccc c# cc
ccc-"cc c c)ccc
 Bc-cc"c -"c--c)c
-c
cccc cc' cc cc
c)cccc cc
 c'&c
c

c
c
Tabla 22. Clasificacin de TE.s
556

c

*65 15
c
c
c

TE.c

6c  c +c c - c c

 c c c  "c
"c c)c%c)cc
0c  c  c - !c c
cc- &c

 1
cSc55 6 56c

55[6 56c 6cc

* c #c c c

c "c  c c
c  c c #c
 c)cc#&c
 &c

* &ccc 'c c  c cR__c2c

%c A__c2cccc7- !&c

!&c
O&c

c
*!&c

c  c c c  c c -c c

 c c c c c c )c c 'c
c c  c - !c %c c -c
' &c
c c c c c - !c Bc  c c
 -"c c'-"c#0"c&c
1 c  c c c c c c - c c c
% cc cc c--I
-cc-cc&c
c c c c  c c + c c c -c
cc&c
c

Tabla 23. Clasificacin de Reducciones

556

c
c

*65 15
c

 1
cSc55 6 56c
 c4 &c

 c'4 &cc

* &c
c
*55
c

6c  c c  c !"c

- c c  c  c )c
&c 6c 0c  c  c
c c c c c  4c c c
cc- &c

c
 &c
!&c

Oc
*!c

55[6 56c 6cc

cc c  c+cc0c c
 ccccccc
ccc$c
c
cc c  c+cc0c c
 cccccccc
ccc cc$&c
c
cccc cc cc
cccccc"c)c c
cR__c2c'c?<J__c2c%c c) &c
 cc#  ccc ccc !c
cc ccc-cc ccccc
c c&c'ccc c c
%cc-c' &c
cc0c0ccc- !cc
"ccccBcc -"c
 ccMcc "c c'-"c&c
cccc!cc 4cc$c
-"c--c-c)c-cc&c
cccc-cc-ccc !c
54 c)c'4 /&c
c

c
Tabla 24. Clasificacin de Tapones
556

c
TAPONES. c

*65 15
c
6c c0c c
-+ cc cccccc
cccc &c

) cc0ccc
c c &cc

 1
cSc55 6 56c
%c)c%- c

55[6 56c 6cc

c

!&c

6c- cc0cc#0"c cc

 -"c c'-"c- "c"c&c

&c

cccc cc=>c- c

%cG>>>c- &c

 c

 cc#  ccc cc!&c

O&c

c) ccccc ccc

c c -"cc- #c c cc
# c%ccccc c
c &ccc-cc"cc
0c c# ccc-4ccc
- !cc-0cc &c

Tabla 25. Clasificacin de Empacaduras

c
556

c

*65 15
c
c

 1
cSc
55 6 56c
 c
'&cc

55[6 56c 6cc

cc &cc

6cc+cccc- c+cc
 c ccccccc
 &cccc$cc- cccc
ccccc  c+c
'ccc-+"cc ccc
-+cc-&cccc$cc
- cccccc&c
5cc- cccc- cc
 cc-c"c cc
# &cc+ cccc
c0c c- cc c0cc
"cc cc c- cc
 ccc-cc!c)<c
%- cc "c!cc
+c)cc$cc "cc
c  c)c cc-$&c
6cc+cccc$cc
 "ccc  c)cc
 !cc-$&cccc cc
%cc!ccc+ccc
 cc#&c
6cc+cccc- c%c)c
%- c+c4cc ccc
c cc &c
6cc+c# ccccc
c- "c  cc- cc
 c"c)cccc ccc
' cc#cc#c  c)c
 &c
6c- cc cc -"c#,c
6
"cI?> "cI=G?&cccc c
'-"cI=G?&c-4cc- c
#,cc c 6 cccc c
'-cI?>H"cI?=@&c
6cc# c cc c.c
  /cc- ccc)c
 cc ccc
# "ccc# ccc$c
- cccc &c

ccc cccc)cc
c &c

c
cc c0c c
0 ccc$c
0c'ccc
c cccc &c

 cc
-&cc
EMPACADURAS.c

 cc
 !&cc

 cc
#&cc
 c
&cc

 cc
&cc

 c
# &cc
c

c
c