1.

Escalares, vectores y el lgebra vectorial

2. Funciones vectoriales de varias variables
3. Diferenciacin parcial
4. El gradiente, la divergencia y el rotacional
5. Integracin mltiple
6. Integral de lnea
7. Integral de superficie
8. El teorema de la divergencia
9. El teorema de Stokes
10. Otros teoremas integrales
1. Los conceptos de escalar, de vector y sus
operaciones
2. Entender las funciones vectoriales de un vector
3. Los diferentes conceptos de derivadas de campos
escalares y vectoriales
4. El concepto de gradiente, de divergencia y de
rotacional. Sus significados fsicos
5. Entender y saber hacer integrales mltiples,
integrales de lnea e integrales de superficie
6. Conocer, entender y saber aplicar los diferentes
teoremas integrales
( )
( )
( )
1) Funciones vectoriales de una variable real
:
2) Campos escalares
:
3) Campos vectoriales
:
n
n
n m
V R R t r t
R R x x
F R R x F x
| |



( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
0
:
El lmite de es , cuando tiende a ;
que se denota
lim cuando ,
quiere decir que
lim 0
n m
x a
x a
F D R R x F x
F x b x a
F x b F x b x a
F x b

c
=
=
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
:
La funcin vectorial es continua
en el punto si est definida en y si
lim
La funcin vectorial es continua en un
conjunto si es continua en todos sus punto
n m
x a
F D R R x F x
F x
a a
F x F a
F x
S

c
=
s.
( )
1/ 3
1
f x x =
( )
4
2
1 f x x = +
Calcular el rea
de esta regin
{ }
( )
4
1/ 3
Figura
2 1
0
2
4 1/ 3
0
2
5 4 / 3 1/ 3
0
1
1 3 32 6
2 2
5 4 5 4
6.51
x
x
dxdy
dy dx
x x dx
x x x
+
=
= =
= + =
| |
= + = + =
|
\ .
=
}}
} }
}
{ }
( )
4
Figura
2 1
0 0
2
4
0
2
5
0
1
1 32 42
2
5 5 5
x
dxdy
dy dx
x dx
x x
+
=
= =
= + =
| |
= + = + =
|
\ .
}}
} }
}
{ }
1/ 3
Figura
2
0 0
2
1/ 3
0
2
4 / 3 1/ 3 1/ 3
0
3 6 3
2 2
4 4 2
x
dxdy
dy dx
x dx
x
=
= =
= =
| |
= = =
|
\ .
}}
} }
}
( )
1/ 3
1
f x x =
( )
4
2
1 f x x = +
1/ 3
42 3
2 6.51
5 2
=
2
D
4xy dxdy
}}
3
2 5x +
1 x +
0.5
0.5
{ }
{ }
( )
3 3
2
D
0.5 2 5 0.5 2 5
2 3
0 0.5 0 0.5
0.5 3
3
0.5
4
4
4
3
4 8573
2 5
3 8448
x x
xy dxdy
xy dy dx x y dx
x x dx
+ +

(
=

(
= =

+ =
}}
} } }
}
{ }
{ }
( )
2
D
0.5 1 0.5 1
2 3
0 0.5 0 0.5
0.5
3
0.5
4
4
4
3
4 7
1
3 20
x x
xy dxdy
xy dy dx x y dx
x x dx
+ +

(
=

(
= =

+ =
}}
} } }
}
2
D
8573 7 28081
4 = = = 0.665
8448 20 42240
xy dxdy
}}
3
2 5x +
1 x +
0.5
0.5
Martes 26 de febrero del 2008
Crculo
dxdy
}}
R
2 2
2 2
Crculo
La integral mltiple se calcula
mediante una integral iterada:
R R x
R R x
dxdy dy dx

(
=
(

}} } }
2
2
2 2
2
2 2
2
Crculo
2 2
2
R x R
R
R x
R x
R x
dxdy dx
dy x
y
R
d

(
=
(

=
}
}
} }}
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
Crculo
2 2
Cr
2 2
culo
2
2
R x
R x
R x
R x
R
R
R
R
dxdy dx
d
dy
xdy R x dx
dy R x

(
=
(

=
=
} }} }
}}
}
}
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
Cr
Cr
cul
2 2
c o
o
ul
2
2
R x
R x
R x
R x
R
R
R
R
dxdy
d d y
d
R x d
y R
x
xdy dx
x

(
=
(

=
=

}
}
}
}} }
} }
2 2
R
R
R x dx

}
2 2 2 2
0
2 2 2 2
0
/ 2
2 2 2
0
2 2
2
Cambio de variable: sin
Tenemos: cos
Si 0, tenemos sin 0, o sea =0
Si , tenemos sin 1, o sea = /2
2
2 sin cos
2 1 sin c
R R
R
R R
R
R x dx R x dx
x R
dx R d
x
x R
R x dx R x dx
R R R d
R
t
u
u u
u u
u u t
u u u
u

=
=
=
= =
= =
= =
= =
=
} }
} }
}
/ 2 / 2
2 2
0 0
os 2 cos d R d
t t
u u u u =
} }
2
cos d u u
}
( )
2
2 2
2 2
2
2
sin cos
cos cos cos sin sin
cos sin sin cos sin 1 cos
cos sin cos cos sin cos
2 cos cos sin
cos sin
cos
2
d d
d d d
d d
d d
d d d
d
d
u u
u u u u u u u u
u u
u u u u u u u u
u u u u u u u u u u
u u u u u
u u u
u u
= = =
= + = + =
= + = +
= +
+
=
} } }
} }
} } }
}
}
/ 2
2
0
cos d
t
u u
}
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
/ 2
2
0
/ 2
2
0
cos sin
cos
2
cos / 2 sin / 2 / 2 cos 0 sin 0
cos
2 2
cos
4
d
d
d
t
t
u u u
u u
t t t
u u
t
u u
+
=
+
=
=
}
}
}
2 2
R
R
R x dx

}
/ 2
2 2 2 2
0
/ 2
2
0
2 2 2
2 cos
cos
4
2
4
R
R
R
R
R x dx R d
d
R x dx R
t
t
u u
t
u u
t

=
=
=
} }
}
}
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
Crculo
2 2
2 2
Crculo
2
Crcu
2
l
2
2
o
2
2
2
R R x
R R x
R x
R x
R
R
R
R
dxdy dy dx
dy R
d
x
dxdy R x dx
R
x y
x x
d R
R d
t
t

(
=
(

=
=
=
=
}} } }
}
}}
}}
}
}
R
2
Crculo
dxdy R t =
}}
( ) ( )
, ,
x u
y v
x f u v y g u v
| | | |

| |
\ . \ .
= =
cos 0
sin 0 2
x
y
u
u u t
= >
= s <

u
x
y
Crculo
dxdy
}}
R
2 2 2 2
0 0 2
R x R R x y R x
R u t
< < < <
< s s <
( ) ( )
, ,
x u
y v
x f u v y g u v
| | | |

| |
\ . \ .
= =
( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( )

,

,
,
, , , ,
,
donde
,
y
,
D D
T
x f u v x u
y g u v y v
x y
x y dxdy f u v g u v dudv
u v
x x
T
x y
u v
D D
y y u v
u v
| |
=
| | | |
| |
=
\ . \ .
c
( =

c
c c
c
c c
'
=
c c c
c c

}} }}

( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2
, cos

, sin
Determinante jacobiano:
cos sin ,
sin cos ,
cos sin
T
x f x
y g y
x x
x y
y y
u u
u u u
u u u
u u u
u
u u
= =
| | | |
| |
= =
\ . \ .
c c
c c c
= = =
c c c
c c
= + =

( )
( )
( )
{ }
( )
{ }
2 2 2 2
, cos

, sin
Modificacin del crculo:
, ,
, 0 , 0 2
T
x f x
y g y
D x y R x R R x y R x
D R
u u
u u u
u u t
= =
| | | |
| |
= =
\ . \ .
= < < < <
= < s s <

Crculo
dxdy
}}
R
0 0 2 R u t < s s <
2
0 0
Crculo
R
dxdy d d
t
u
(
=
(

}} } }
| |
2
0 0
Crcul
2
o
2
0
0
2
R
dx d d
d
y d
t
t
t
u
u u t
(
=
(

= =

}
} } }}
2
0 0
Crculo
2
0
2
0
Crculo
0
2
2 2
2
R
R
R
dxdy d d
d
dxdy d
t
t
u
u t

t t
(
=
(

=
(
= =
(

}} } }
}
}} }
2
0 0
2
Crculo
0
2 2
0
2
2 2
2 2
R
R
R
dxdy d d
d
R
R
t
u
t
t t

t
(
= =
(

= =
( | |
= = =
|
(
\ .
}} } }
}
( )
( )
( )
( )
,

,
Jacobian
Qu es lo que representa fisicamente el jacobian
o:
,
o?
,
T
x f u v x u
y g u v y v
x x
x y
u v
y y u v
u v
=
| | | |
| |
=
\ . \ .
c c
c
c c
=
c c c
c c

( )
2
, : x y D R R | c
X
Y
( )
( )
,

,
T
x f u v x u
y g u v y v
=
| | | |
| |
=
\ . \ .

( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( )

,

,
, , , ,
donde
,
y
,

,
,

D D
T
x f u v x u
y g u v y v
x y
x y
dxdy dudv
u v
f u v g u v
x x
T
x y
u v
D D
y y u v
u v
| |
=
| | | |
| |
=
\ . \ .
( =

c c
c
c c
'
=
c c c
c c
c
c

}} }}

( ) ( ) ( )
, , , , , ,
x u
y v
z w
x f u v w y g u v w z h u v w
| | | |
| |

| |
| |
\ . \ .
= = =
cos 0
sin 0 2
x
y
z z z
u
u u t
= >
= s <
= < <
cos sin
0 0 2
x
y
z z
x y z z
z

u
u u
u t
| | | |
| |

| |
| |
\ . \ .
= = =
> s < < <

u
u

sin cos sin sin cos

0 0 0 2
x r
y
z
x r y r z r
r
u

u u u
u t t
| | | |
| |

| |
| |
\ . \ .
= = =
> s < s <
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
, ,
, ,
, ,
, ,
, , , ,
, ,
D D
x u x f u v w
T T
y v y g u v w D D
z w z h u v w
x y z
x y z dxdydz u v w dudvdw
u v w
|
'
=
| | | |
| |
=
| |
| |
=
\ . \ .
c
=
c
}}} }}}
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
, ,
, , , ,
, ,
, ,
, ,
, , , , , , , , , ,
D D
x y z
x y z dxdydz u v w dudvdw
u v w
x x x
u v w
x y z
y y y
u v w u v w
z z z
u v w
u v w f u v w g u v w h u v w
T
D D
|
|
'
c
=
c
c c c
c c c
c
c c c
=
c c c c
c c c
c c c
=
'

}}} }}}
cos sin
0 0 2
cos sin 0
sin cos 0
0 0 1
x
y
z z
x y z z
z
x x x
z
y y y
z
z z z
z

u u
u t
u
u u
u u
u
u
| | | |
| |

| |
| |
\ . \ .
= = =
> s < < <
c c c
c c c

c c c
= =
c c c
c c c
c c c
2 2 2
sin cos 0
sin sin 0
cos 0 2
sin cos cos cos sin sin
sin sin cos sin sin cos
cos sin 0
cos sin cos cos sin c
x r x r r
y y r
z z r
x x x
r
r r
y y y
r r
r
r
z z z
r
r r
u
u u u t
u t
u
u u u
u u u
u
u u
u
u u u u
= >
| | | |
| |
= s <
| |
| |
= s <
\ . \ .
c c c
c c c

c c c
= =
c c c

c c c
c c c
= +
( )
( )
( )
( )( ) ( )( )
( ) ( )
( )
2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2
2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2
os sin sin sin cos sin sin
cos sin cos cos sin sin sin cos sin
cos sin cos sin sin
sin cos sin sin cos sin sin
r r r
r r r
r r r
r r r r
u u u u
u u u u u
u u u u u
u u u u u u u
+ =
= + + + =
= + =
= + = + =
2
sin cos 0
sin sin 0
cos 0 2
sin cos cos cos sin sin
sin sin cos sin sin cos sin
cos sin 0
x r x r r
y y r
z z r
x x x
r
r r
y y y
r r r
r
r
z z z
r
u
u u u t
u t
u
u u u
u u u u
u
u u
u
= >
| | | |
| |
= s <
| |
| |
= s <
\ . \ .
c c c
c c c

c c c
= =
c c c

c c c
c c c
R
h
2 2
2 2
0
R R x h
R R x
cilindro
dxdydz dx dy dz

=
}}} } } }
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
0
R R x h
R R x
cilindro
R R x
R R x
dxdydz dx dy dz
h dx dy

=
=
}}} } } }
} }
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
0
2 2
2
R R x h
R R x
cilindro
R R x
R R x
R
R
dxdydz dx dy dz
h dx dy
h R x dx

=
= =
=
}}} } } }
} }
}
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
0
2 2
2 2 2
2
2 arcsin
2 2
R R x h
R R x
cilindro
R R x
R R x
R
R
R
R
dxdydz dx dy dz
h dx dy
h R x dx
x R x R x
h
R

=
= =
= =
(

| |
= +
(
|
\ .
(

}}} } } }
} }
}
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
0
2 2
2 2 2
2
2
2
2 arcsin
2 2
2
2
R R x h
R R x
cilindro
R R x
R R x
R
R
R
R
dxdydz dx dy dz
h dx dy
h R x dx
x R x R x
h
R
R
h R h
t
t

=
= =
= =
(

| |
= + =
(
|
\ .
(

| |
= =
|
\ .
}}} } } }
} }
}
2
cilindro
dxdydz R h t =
}}}
R
h
cos 0
sin 0 2
x x
y y
z z z z z
u
u u u t
= >
| | | |
| |
= s <
| |
| |
= < <
\ . \ .
cos 0
sin 0 2
cos sin 0
sin cos 0
0 0 1
x x
y y
z z z z z
x x x
z
y y y
z
z z z
z
u
u u u t
u
u u
u u
u
u
= >
| | | |
| |
= s <
| |
| |
= < <
\ . \ .
c c c
c c c

c c c
= =
c c c
c c c
c c c
2
0 0 0
cilindro
R h
dxdydz d d dz
t
u =
}}} } } }
2
0 0 0
cilindro
0
0
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
R h
R
R
dxdydz d d dz
d h
h d
h R
R h
t
u
t
t
t
t
= =
= =
= =
| |
= =
|
\ .
=
}}} } } }
}
}
( )
3
2 2 2
:
, ,
R R
x y z x y z
|
|

= + +
( )
( ) | |
{ }
2 2 2
2 2
, ,
, , 0,3 ,
D D
x y z dxdydz x y z dxdydz
D x y z z z x y
| = + +
= e = +
}}} }}}
( ) | |
{ }
( ) | |
{ }
2 2 2 2 2
2 2
, , 0,3 ,
, , , 0,3
D D
x y z dxdydz z d d dz
D x y z z z x y
D z z z
u
u
'
+ + = +
= e = +
+
'
= = e
}}} }}}
{ }
2 2 2
2 2
3 2
2 2
0 0 0
D
D
z
x y z dxdydz
z d d dz
z d d dz
t
u
u
'
+ + =
= +
(
= +
(

}}}
}}}
} } }
{ }
{ }
3 2
2 2
0 0 0
3 2
2 2
0 0 0
z
z
z d d dz
d z d dz
t
t
u
u
(
+ =
(

(
= +
(

} } }
} } }
{ }
{ }
{ }
{ }
3 2
2 2
0 0 0
3 2
2 2
0 0 0
2
0
3 2
2 2
0 0 0
3
2 2
0 0
Como 2 tenemos
2
z
z
z
z
z d d dz
d z d dz
d
z d d dz
z d dz
t
t
t
t
u
u
u t
u
t
(
+
(

(
= +
(

=
(
+ =
(

= +
} } }
} } }
}
} } }
} }
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2
2
2
2 2
0
2
2
3/ 2
2 2 2 2
0 0
0
3
3/ 2 3/ 2
2 2 2
0
2
0 0
1 1 2
2 2 3
1 1
2 2 1
3 3 3
z
z
z z
z
z d
u du d
u u z z
z d u z du u z
z
z z z




+
= =
= = = =
(
+ = + = +
(

(
= + =
(

}
} }
{ } { }
3 2 3
2 2 2 2
0 0 0 0 0
2
z z
z d d dz z d dz
t
u t
(
+ = +
(

} } } } }
{ }
( ) 3 2 3
2 2 3
0 0 0 0
2 2 2 1
3
z
z d d dz z dz
t
t
u

(
+ =
(

} } } }
3
4 4 4
3
3
0
0
3 0 81
4 4 4 4
z
z dz
(
= = =
(

}
{ }
{ }
{ }
( )
( )
( )
3 2
2 2
0 0 0
3 2
2 2
0 0 0
3
2 2
0 0
3
3
0
2
2 2 2 1
3
2 2 2 1
81 27
2 2 1
3 4 2
z
z
z
z d d dz
d z d dz
z d dz
z dz
t
t
u
u
t
t
t
t
(
+
(

(
= +
(

= +

= =
} } }
} } }
} }
}
( )
( ) | |
{ }
2 2 2
2 2
27
2 2 1
2
, , 0,3 ,
D
x y z dxdydz
D x y z z z x y
t
+ + =
= e = +
}}}