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Megadiversos
Integrantes: Daniela, José Rubén, Sarah Valentina,
Mateo Demian, Víctor Manuel
¿Qué son los
paises
megadiversos?
Los países megadiversos son un grupo de
países que albergan el mayor índice de
biodiversidad de la Tierra. El Centro de
Monitoreo de la Conservación del Ambiente,
un organismo del Programa de las Naciones
Unidas para el Medio Ambiente, ha
identificado 17 países megadiversos.
Los países son:
1. México
2. Colombia
3. Ecuador
4. Perú
5. Brasil
6. Congo
7. Madagascar
8. China
9. India
10. Malasia
11. Indonesia
12. Australia
13. Papúa Nueva Guinea
14. Sudáfrica
15. Estados Unidos
16. Filipinas
17. Venezuela
¿Cuando se
considera a un país
megadiverso?
El principal criterio para pertenecer al grupo de los
países megadiversos es el endemismo. Para ser
megadiverso, un país debe tener por lo
menos 5,000 especies endémicas de plantas.
MÉXICO
México es considerado un país "megadiverso", ya que forma parte del
selecto grupo de naciones poseedoras de la mayor diversidad de
animales y plantas, en casi el 70% de la diversidad mundial de especies
(considerando los grupos más conocidos: anfibios, reptiles, aves y
mamíferos y plantas vasculares).
Tipo de clima
En el territorio nacional se identificaron 7 grandes tipos de clima.
Destacan con mayor extensión los climas: Cálido Subhúmedo, Seco
y Semiseco, Muy Seco o Seco Desértico; con menor superficie los
climas: Cálido Húmedo, Templado subhúmedo, Templado Húmedo
y Frío con la mínima superficie.
Flora y Fauna
México cuenta con una flora y fauna muy variada. En este país
podrán encontrar un ecosistema rico y diferenciado: bosques en
mesetas, selvas, volcanes, desiertos, lagos, y Reservas de la
Biosfera, así como regiones de costa. En total existen en México
más de 25.000 especies diferenciadas de flores.
Ubicación
geográfica
Los Estados Unidos Mexicanos se localizan en la porción norte del
continente americano. Es el país latinoamericano más septentrional;
colinda al norte con Estados Unidos de América, y con Guatemala y
Belice al sureste; con el Golfo de México y el Mar Caribe al este, y
el Océano Pacífico al oeste.
Especies en peligro de
extinción
Ajolote, Jaguar, Lobo mexicano, Oso negro, Vaquita marina,
Tortuga caguama, Guacamayo rojo, Ocelote.
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