UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLÓGICA DE EL SALVADOR

FACULTAD DE INFORMATICA Y CIENCIAS APLICADAS

ESCUELA DE CIENCIAS APLICADAS “ING JULIO C. ORANTES”
COORDINACIÓN DE MATEMATICAS Y CIENCIAS

ASIGNATURA: Matemática I (Presencial) UNIDAD I

SECCIONES: 05 PLANO CARTESIANO, IGUALDAD DE PARES
DOCENTE: Ing. Juan Antonio Reyes Mina ORDENADOS, PRODUCTO CARTESIANO
DOCENTE AUXILIAR: Ing. Miguel Centeno
Pérez Calderón, Oscar Eliseo 22-0776-2024 20%
Pérez Carrillo, José Daniel 22-2175-2023 20%
Pérez González, Irvin Josué 25-0081-2024 20%
Pérez González, Kevin Alonso 25-1024-2024 20%
Portillo López, Eduardo Adonay 25-3578-2024 20%

GUIA DE EJERCICIOS

TEMA # 1 PLANO CARTESIANO

Elabore un plano cartesiano y ubique estos puntos. Utilice una regla y lápiz de
color y no.

(2, 3); (4,5); (0, 2); (-1, 3); (2, 5); (-2, 1); (-6, 0); (-3,-3); ( -1, -1); ( -4, 0)
TEMA # 2 IGUALDAD DE PARES ORDENADOS

Hallar los valores de las variables “x” con “y”; tal que esos valores hagan
verdadera las siguientes igualdades de pares ordenados.

A. (𝟐𝒙 − 𝟑𝒚 ; 𝒚) = (𝟕 ; −𝟏)
𝟐𝒙 − 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟕
𝒚 = −𝟏

Encontrando x
𝟐𝒙 − 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟕
𝟐𝒙 − 𝟑(−𝟏) = 𝟕
𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑 = 𝟕
𝟐𝒙 = 𝟕 − 𝟑
𝟐𝒙 = 𝟒
𝟒
𝒙=
𝟐
𝒙=𝟐

COMPROBACION
(𝟐𝒙 − 𝟑𝒚; 𝒚) = (𝟕: −𝟏)
(𝟐(𝟐) − 𝟑(−𝟏); −𝟏) = (𝟕; −𝟏)
(𝟒 + 𝟑; −𝟏) = (𝟕; −𝟏)
(𝟕; −𝟏) = (𝟕; −𝟏)

B. (𝟐𝒙 − 𝟑𝒚; 𝒙 + 𝟒𝒚) = (𝟒; 𝟏𝟑)

𝟐𝒙 − 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟒
𝒙 + 𝟒𝒚 = 𝟏𝟑
ENCONTRANDO Y
𝟐𝒙 − 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟒
−𝟐𝒙 − 𝟖𝒚 = −𝟐𝟔
−𝟏𝟏𝒚 = −𝟐𝟐
𝟐𝟐
𝒚=−
𝟏𝟏

y =2

ENCONTRANDO X
𝟐𝒙 − 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟒
𝟐𝒙 − 𝟑(𝟐) = 𝟒
𝟐𝒙 − 𝟔 = 𝟒
𝟐𝒙 = 𝟒 + 𝟔
𝟐𝒙 = 𝟏𝟎
𝟏𝟎
𝟐𝒙 =
𝟐
𝒙=𝟓

COMPROBACION
2(5) − 3(2); 5 + 4(2) = (4; 13)
10 − 6; 5 + 8 = (4; 13)
(4; 13) = (4; 13)

C. (𝟑𝒙 + 𝟒𝒚; 𝟐𝒙) = (𝟐𝒙 − 𝟒; 𝟐 − 𝟑𝒚)

𝟑𝒙 + 𝟒𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟒
𝟐𝒙 = 𝟐 − 𝟑𝒚

COMPROBANDO Y
 𝒙 + 𝟒𝒚 = −𝟒
𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟐
−𝟐𝒙 − 𝟖𝒚 = 𝟖
𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟐
−𝟓𝒚 = 𝟏𝟎
𝟏𝟎
𝒚=
−𝟓
𝒚 = −𝟐

COMPROBANDO X
𝒙 + 𝟒𝒚 = −𝟒
𝒙 + 𝟒(−𝟐) = −𝟒
𝒙 + (−𝟖) = −𝟒
𝒙 − 𝟖 = −𝟒
𝒙 = −𝟒 + 𝟖
𝒙=𝟒

COMPROBACIÓN
3x+4y; 2x) = (2x-4; 2-3y)
(3(4)+4(-2); 2(4)) = (2(4)-4; 2-3(-2))
(12+8; 8) = (8-4; 2+6)
(4 ; 8) = (4; 8)

D. (2x+y; 3x+y) = (4, 11)

𝟐𝒙 + 𝒚 = 𝟒
𝟑𝒙 + 𝒚 = 𝟏𝟏

ENCONTRANDO X
𝟐𝒙 + 𝒚 − 𝟒
−𝟑𝒙 + 𝒚 − 𝟏𝟏
𝟐𝒙 + 𝒚 − 𝟒
−𝟑𝒙 − 𝒚 + 𝟏𝟏
−𝒙 + 𝟕 = 𝟎
−𝒙 = −𝟕(−𝟏)
𝒙=𝟕

ENCONTRANDO Y
𝟐𝒙 + 𝒚 = 𝟒
𝟐(𝟕) + 𝒚 = 𝟒
𝟏𝟒 + 𝒚 = 𝟒
𝒚 = 𝟒 − 𝟏𝟒
𝒚 = −𝟏𝟎

COMPROBACION
(𝟐𝒙 + 𝒚; 𝟑𝒙 + 𝒚) = (𝟒; 𝟏𝟏)
𝟐(𝟕) + (−𝟏𝟎); 𝟑(𝟕) + (−𝟏𝟎) = (𝟒; 𝟏𝟏)
(𝟏𝟒 − 𝟏𝟎; 𝟐𝟏 − 𝟏𝟎) = (𝟒; 𝟏𝟏)
(𝟒; 𝟏𝟏) = (𝟒; 𝟏𝟏)

𝟑 𝟏 𝟑 𝟑
E. ( ; ) = (𝟓 ; 𝟐𝒚+𝟏)
𝟐𝒙−𝟏 𝒚−𝟏

𝟑 𝟑
;
𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏 𝟓
𝟏 𝟑
;
𝒚 − 𝟏 𝟐𝒚 + 𝟏

ENCONTRANDO X
 𝟑 𝟑
( )=( )
𝟐𝒚 + 𝟏 𝟓

𝟐(𝟓) = 𝟑(𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏)-

𝟏𝟓 = 𝟔𝒙 − 𝟑
−𝟔𝒙 = −𝟑 − 𝟏𝟓(−𝟏)
𝟔𝒙 = 𝟑 + 𝟏𝟓
𝟔𝒙 = 𝟏𝟖
𝟏𝟖
𝒙=
𝟔
𝒙=𝟑

ENCONTRANDO Y
𝟏 𝟑
( )=( )
𝒚−𝟏 𝟏𝒚 + 𝟏

𝟐𝒚 + 𝟏 = 𝒚 − 𝟏(𝟑)
𝟐𝒚 + 𝟏 = 𝟑𝒚 − 𝟑
𝟐𝒚 + 𝟏 − 𝟑𝒚 = −𝟑
𝟐𝒚 − 𝟑𝒚 = −𝟑 − 𝟏
−𝒚 = −𝟒(−𝟏)
𝒚=𝟒

COMPROBANDO
𝟑 𝟏 𝟑 𝟑
( ; )=( ; )
𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏 𝒚 − 𝟏 𝟓 𝟐𝒚 + 𝟏

𝟑 𝟏 𝟑 𝟑
( ; =( ; )
𝟐(𝟑) − 𝟏 𝟒 − 𝟏 𝟓 𝟐(𝟒) + 𝟏

𝟑 𝟏 𝟑 𝟑
( )=( ; )
𝟔 + 𝟏; 𝟑 𝟓 𝟖+𝟏

𝟑 𝟏 𝟑 𝟏
( ; )=( ; )
𝟓 𝟑 𝟓 𝟗
 𝟒 𝟔 𝟏 𝟕
F. ( ; ) = (− 𝟒 ; 𝟓)
𝒙+𝟐 𝒚+𝟑

𝟒 𝟏
( ) = (− )
𝒙+𝟐 𝟒
𝟔 𝟕
( )=( )
𝒚+𝟑 𝟓

ENCONTRANDO X
𝟒 𝟏
( ) = (− )
𝒙+𝟐 𝟒

𝟒(𝟒) = −𝟏(𝒙 + 𝟐)
𝟏𝟔 = −𝒙 − 𝟐
𝒙 = −𝟐 − 𝟏𝟔
𝒙 = −𝟏𝟖

ENCONTRANDO Y
𝟒 𝟏
( ) = (− )
𝒙+𝟐 𝟒
𝟒 𝟏
( ) = (− )
(−𝟏𝟖) + 𝟐 𝟒

𝟒 𝟏
( ) = (− )
−𝟏𝟔 𝟒
𝟏 𝟏
= (− ) = (− )
𝟒 𝟒

𝒚=𝟎

COMPROBANDO
𝟒 𝟔 𝟏 𝟕
( ; ) = (− ; )
𝒙+𝟐 𝒚+𝟑 𝟒 𝟓
 𝟒 𝟔 𝟏 𝟕
( ; ) = (− ; )
−𝟏𝟖 + 𝟐 𝟎 + 𝟑 𝟒 𝟓
𝟒 𝟔 𝟏 𝟕
( ; ) = (− ; )
−𝟏𝟔 𝟑 𝟒 𝟓
𝟏 𝟏 𝟕
(− ; 𝟐) = (− ; )
𝟒 𝟒 𝟓

TEMA # 3 PRODUCTO CARTESIANO.

Ejercicios

Dados los Conjuntos A y B. Hallar el Producto Cartesiano 𝐴𝑋𝐵 𝑦 𝐵𝑋𝐴 y ubicar los
puntos resultantes de cada producto en un Plano Cartesiano.

1. 𝐴 = {1, 2, 3} 𝐵 = {4,5,6}

𝐴𝑥𝐵
= {(1,4)(1,5)(1,6)(2,4)(2,5)(2,6)(3,4)(3,5)(3,6)}

𝐵𝑋𝐴
= (4,1)(4,2)(4,3)(5,1)(5,2)(5,3)(6,1)(6,2)(6,3)
2. 𝐴 = {1 ,2} 𝐵 = {3,4,5}

𝐴𝑋𝐵
(1,3)(1,4)(1,5)(2,3)(2,4)(2,5)

𝐵𝑋𝐴
(3,1)(3,2)(4,1)(4,2)(5,1)(5,2)

3. 𝐴 = {−2, −1,0,1,2} 𝐵 = {1, 2,3,4}

𝐴𝑋𝐵
= (−2,1)(−2,2)(−2,3)(−2,4)(−1,1)(−1,2)(−1,3)(−1,4)(0,1)(0,2)(0,3)(0,4)(1,1)(1,2)(1,3)(1,4)
(2,1)(2,2)(2,3)(2,4)

𝐵𝑋𝐴
= (1, −2)(1, −1)(1,0)(1,1)(1,2)(2, −2)(2, −1)(2,0)(2,1)(2,2)(3, −2)(3, −1)(3,0)(3,1)(3,2)(4, −2)
(4, −1)(4,0)(4,1)(4,2 )
4. 𝐴 = [−2,3) 𝐵 = [2, 4]

𝐴𝑋𝐵
= {(−2,2)(−2,4)(3,2)(3,4)}
𝐵𝑋𝐴
= {(2, −2)(2,3)(4, −2)(4,3)}
5. 𝐴 = {𝑥 ∈ 𝑅, 𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑞𝑢𝑒 1 < 𝑥 < 5} = (2,3,4) 𝐵 = {𝑥 ∈ 𝑅, 𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑞𝑢𝑒 − 1 < 𝑥 ≤ 2} = (0,1)

𝐴𝑋𝐵
= [(2,0)(2,1)(3,0)(3,1)(4,0)(4,1)]
𝐵𝑋𝐴
= [(0,2)(0,3)(0,4)(1,2)(1,3)(1,4)]

TEMA # 4 RELACIONES MATEMATICAS

Ejercicios

Dados los conjuntos A y B, determinar las siguientes Relaciones, así como el Dominio y el Rango y
grafique en el plano cartesiano la relación resultante.

1. A = {−2, −1, 0, 1, 2, 3}
𝐑 = {(𝐱, 𝐲) ∈ 𝐀𝐗𝐁 ; 𝐱 = 𝐲}
𝐵 = {−1, 0 , 1, 2,3,4}
𝑨𝑿𝑩
(−𝟐, −𝟏)(−𝟐, 𝟎)(−𝟐, 𝟏)(−𝟐, 𝟐)(−𝟐, 𝟑)(−𝟐, 𝟒)
(−𝟏, −𝟏)(−𝟏, 𝟎)(−𝟏, 𝟏)(−𝟏, 𝟐)(−𝟏, 𝟑)(−𝟏, 𝟒)
(𝟎, −𝟏)(𝟎, 𝟎)(𝟎, 𝟏)(𝟎, 𝟐)(𝟎, 𝟑)(𝟎, 𝟒)
=
(𝟏, −𝟏)(𝟏, 𝟎)(𝟏, 𝟏)(𝟏, 𝟐)(𝟏, 𝟑)(𝟏, 𝟒)
(𝟐, −𝟏)(𝟐, 𝟎)(𝟐, 𝟏)(𝟐, 𝟐)(𝟐, 𝟑)(𝟐, 𝟒)
[ (𝟑, −𝟏)(𝟑, 𝟎)(𝟑, 𝟏)(𝟑, 𝟐)(𝟑, 𝟑)(𝟑, 𝟒 ]
 = {(−𝟏, −𝟏)(𝟎, 𝟎)(𝟏, 𝟏)(𝟐, 𝟐)(𝟑, 𝟑)}

2. A = { 1, 2, 3 , 4,5,6}
𝐑 = {(𝐱, 𝐲) ∈ 𝐀𝐗𝐁 ; 𝐱 < 𝑦}
𝐵 = {−2, −1, 0 , 1, 2}

(1, −2)(1, −1)(1,0)(1,1)(1,2)

(2, −2)(2, −1)(2,0)(2,1)(2,2)
(3, −2)(3, −1)(3,0)(3,1)(3,2)
=
(4, −2)(4 − 1)(4,0)(4,1)(4,2)
(5, −2)(5 − 1)(5,0)(5,1)(5,2)
{ (6, −2)(6, −1)(6,0)(6,1)(6,2)}

= {(1,2}
3. A = {−2, −1, 0, 1, 2, 3}
𝐑 = {(𝐱, 𝐲) ∈ 𝐀𝐗𝐁 ; 𝟐𝐱 > 𝑦}
𝐵 = {−1, 0 , 1, 2,3,4}

𝐴𝑋𝐵

−2, −1)(−2,0)(−2,1)(−2,2)(−2,3)(−2,4)
(−1, −1)(−1,0)(−1,1)(−1,2)(−2,3)(−1,4)
(0, −1)(0,0)(0,1)(0,2)(0,3)(0,4)
=
(1, −1)(1,0)(1,1)(1,2)(1,3)(1,4)
(2, −1)(2,0)(2,1)(2,2)(2,3)(2,4)
{ (3, −1)(3,0)(3,1)(3,2)(3,3)(3,4) }

= {(1, −1) (1,0) (2, , −1)(2,0)(2,1)(2,2)(2,3)(3, −1)(3,0)(3,1)(3,2)(3,3)(3,4)}

4. A = { 1, 2, 3,4,5}
𝐑 = {(𝐱, 𝐲) ∈ 𝐀𝐗𝐁 ; 𝐱 > 2𝑦}
𝐵 = {1, 2,4,6,8}

(1,1)(1,2)(1,4)(1,6)(1,8)
(2,1)(2,2)(2,4)(2,6)(2,8)
(3,1)(3,2)(3,4)(3,6)(3,8)
(4,1)(4,2)(4,4)(4,6)(4,8)
(5,1)(5,2)(5,4)(5,6)(5,8)

= {(3,1)(4,1)(5,1)(5,2)}