1K = 1000Ω

4·4 2·2 2·2 4·4 2·2

= 2; + 1 = 2; + 3 = 4; = 2; = 1; 1 + 2 = 3 K
4+4 2+2 2+2 4+4 2+2
UAN UBN I
 3 [Ω]
UAN = 10 [V] = 6 [V]
3 [Ω] + 2 [Ω]
2 [Ω]
UBN = UAN = 2 [V]
4 [Ω] + 2 [Ω]
UBN 2 [V]
I= = = 0,5 [A]
4 [Ω] 4 [Ω]
 7360 W
230 V
230 V

C = 58
C = 1/ρ

S = 6 mm2 S = 10 mm2 ; S = 16 mm2 S = 25 mm2

3 × 230 V P = 7360 W
3 × 230 V

220 V

Pnom 7360
I= = = 32 A
Unom 230

 
3
Uhorno = 230 · 1 − = 223,1 V
100
∆U = 230 · 0,03 = 6,9 V

∆U 6,9
∆U = I · Rcable → Rcable = = = 0,2156 Ω
I 32
 lcable = 78 · 2 = 156 m
l
R = C1 · cable
S

1 lcable 1 156
S= · = · = 12,4738 mm2
C Rcable 58 0,2156

2
U nom 2302
Rhorno = = = 7,1875 Ω →
Pnom 7360
Ucuadro
I= =
Rcable + Rhorno
230
= = 31,068 A
0,2156 + 7,1875

Rhorno
Uhorno = Ucuadro =
Rhorno + Rcable
7,1875
= 230 = 223,3017 V
7,1875 + 0,2156

Ucuadro − Uhorno
∆U = · 100 =
Ucuadro
230 − 223,3017
= · 100 = 2,9123 %
230

16 mm2

1 lcable 1 156
Rcable = · = · = 0,1681 Ω
C Scable 58 16

Ucuadro
I= =
Rcable + Rhorno
230
= = 31,2687 A
0,1681 + 7,1875

Rhorno
Uhorno = Ucuadro =
Rhorno + Rcable
7,1875
= 230 = 224,7436 V
7,1875 + 0,1681
 Ucuadro − Uhorno
∆U = · 100 =
Ucuadro
230 − 224,7436
= · 100 = 2,2854 %
230

Pnom 7360
I=√ =√ = 18,4752 A
3Unom 3230


3

Uhorno = 230 · 1 − = 223,1 V
100
∆U = 230 · 0,03 = 6,9 V

∆U = I · Rcable →
√ − 223
230 ,1
∆U 3
√
3
→ Rcable = = = 0,2156 Ω
I 18,4752
lcable = 78 m
1 lcable
R= C
· S

1 lcable 1 78
S= · = · = 6,2376 mm2
C Rcable 58 0,2156
10 mm2 6 mm2
)
/ 3
Rhorno = /I 3 = 18,4752
U 230
√ √
= 7,1875 Ω
1 · lcable = 1 · 78 →
Rcable = C Scable 58 6
= 0,2241 Ω

Rhorno
→ Uhorno = Ucuadro
Rhorno + Rcable
7,1875
= 230 = 223,0456 V
7,1875 + 0,2241

Ucuadro − Uhorno
∆U = · 100 =
Ucuadro
230 − 223,0456
= · 100 = 3,0237 %
230
3 · 78 · 6 = 1404
2 · 156 · 16 = 4992
4992 − 1404
= 71,88 %
4992
 730 W 350 W 3/4 CV
1,5 CV 800 W 2875 VA

60 W
40 W

19,263 A 129663,50 W

1 CV = 735, 49875 W

100 W
3450 W 230 V
 125 W 10350 W
230 V

5750 W 230 V
14490 W 230 V

230 V

1 CV = 735, 49875 W

12663,50 W
14490 W
63 A

12663,50 W
3
12663,50 = 730 + 350 + · 735,49875+
4
+ 1,5 · 735,49875 + 800+
2875 cos ϕ + 25 · 60 + 30 · 4 · 40 →
2828,6278125
→ cos ϕ = = 0,98387 →
2875
Q = S · sin ϕ = 2875 · sin ϕ = 514,2942 VAr
 ω · C · U 2 = 0,7 · Q →
0,7 · Q 0,7 · 514,2942
→C= = = 21,6623 µF
ω · U2 2π50 · 2302

12663,50 W

100 m2
230 V

100 W 150 W 135 W

60 W 40 W

50 W

30 W 350 W 600 W
700 W 1500 W 1000 W 800 W 550 W

90 W 700 W

60 W 40 W
80 W

7W
400 W 45 W

25 W 60 W 1000 W
 25 A
16 A 16 A
16 A

16 A

W Fs Fu A n
C1 200,00 0,75 0,50
C2 3450,00 0,20 0,25 16 A
C3 5400,00 0,50 0,75 25 A
C4 3450,00 0,66 0,75 16 A
C5 3450,00 0,40 0,50 16 A

Fs

Fu

C1

C2

C2 10 A 16 A 25 A

C3

C4
 90 W
700 W
C4 C5

7W

C1

100 W 3 · 100 = 300 W

50 W 4 · 50 = 200 W
30 W 2 · 30 = 60 W
60 W 5 · 60 = 300 W
7W 1 · 7 = 7W
25 W 3 · 25 = 75 W
60 W 1 · 60 = 60 W
C1 1002 W

C2 10 enchufes · 16 A = 160 A → PC2 = 160 A ·

230 V = 36800 W

C3 1 enchufe · 25 A = 25 A → PC3 = 25 A ·
230 V = 5750 W

C4 3 enchufes · 16 A = 48 A →
PC4 = 48 A · 230 V = 11040 W

C5 4 enchufes · 16 A = 64 A → PC5 =
64 A · 230 V = 14720 W

C2

150 W 80 W
135 W 80 W
60 W 160 W
40 W
385 W 400 W
45 W
445 W

PC2 = 385 + 160 + 445 = 990 W

C3
 1000 W
1500 W
2500 W

C4

800 W
600 W
700 W
2100 W

C5

350 W
600 W
700 W
550 W
90 W
1000 W
3290 W

C1

W W

P = Ptot · Fs · Fu = 1002 · 0,75 · 0,50 = 375,75 W

200 W
C1
C2

16 A 10 · 16 · 230 = 36800 W
PdemandaC1 = Pmax · Fs · Fu = 36800 · 0,20 · 0,25 = 1840 W

PdemandaC1 1840
IprevistaC1 = = = 8A
Unom 230
 10 A 8A

16 A

1840 W C2 .

C3 25 A
5750 W

PprevistaC3 = 5750 · 0,50 · 0,75 = 2156,25 W

2156,25
230
= 9,375 A 10 A

P = 1000 + 1500 = 2500 W →

2500
230
= 10,8696 A 16 A

C4
3 · 16 · 230 =
11440 W
PprevistaC3 = Pmax · Fs · Fu = 11400 · 0,66 · 0,75 = 5643 W

PprevistaC3 5643
IprevistaC3 = = = 24,53 A
Unom 230

3450 W)
800 + 600 + 700 = 2100 W
 Un ≤ 50 V Un ≤ 75 V
50 < Un ≤ 500 V 75 < Un ≤ 750 V
500 < Un ≤ 1000 V 750 < Un ≤ 1500 V
 P
P
S f.d.p = S
f.d.p.
cos ϕ

C5
C2
≥ 30 mA
 W

Q VAr

(Umáx · Imáx)/2
P =0

I = U/XL
S
P
Q

S2 =
2 2
P +Q
 S
cos ϕ = 1

VA

P S f.d.p = P
S

f.d.p. cos ϕ

100 kA
B2 230 V
 3 kVA f.d.p = 0,75
4 kVA f.d.p = 0,8 3,46 kW

P1
f.d.p.1 = →
S1

P1 = f.d.p.
p 1 · S1 = 0,75
p · 3 = 2,25 kW
2 2
Q1 = S1 − P 1 = 32 − 2,252 = 1,98 kVAr

P2
f.d.p.2 = →
S2

P2 = f.d.p.
p 2 · S22 = 0,8
p · 4 = 3,2 kW
2−P
Q2 = S2 2 = 42 − 3,22 = 2,40 kVAr

P3
f.d.p.3 = →
S3

P3 = f.d.p.
p 3 · S3 = 1p· 3,46 = 3,46 kW
Q3 = S32 − P32 = 3,462 − 3,462 = 0 VAr
P = P1 + P2 + P3 = 2,25 + 3,2 + 3,46 = 8,91 kW

Q = Q1 + Q2 + Q3 = 1,98 + 2,40 + 0 = 4,38 kVAr

p p
S= P 2 + Q2 = 8,912 + 4,382 = 9,93 kVA

S1 3000
I1 = = = 13,04 A
U1 230

S2 4000
I2 = = = 17,39 A
U2 230

S3 P3 3460
I3 = √ = √ =√ = 8,69 A
3U3 3U3 3230

P 8,91
f.d.p. = = = 0,8973
S 9,93
R−S−T 230 V
R S S T
T R
 1
e = 1 % → 230 × 100
= 2,3 V

→ R = ρ 2l
S
→ ∆U = ρ S2l I → S = ρ ∆U
2l
I
l → ∆U = ρ l I → S = ρ l
→ R = ρS S ∆U
I
2l
S == ρ ∆U I = 0,0171 2·5
2,3
13,04 = 0,9695 mm2 → (1,5 mm2 )
2l
S == ρ ∆U I = 0,0171 2·9
2,3
17,39 = 2,3272 mm2 → (2,5 mm2 )
l
S == ρ ∆U 8
I = 0,0171 2,3 8,69 = 0,5169 mm2 → (1,5 mm2 )
 730 W 350 W 3/4 CV

1,5 CV 800 W 2875 VA

60 W
40 W

19, 263 A 12663,50 W

1 CV =
735,49875 W

12663,50 W
14490 W
63 A
 12663,50 W
3
12663,50 = 730 + 350 + · 735,49875+
4
+ 1,5 · 735,49875 + 800+
2875 cos ϕ + 25 · 60 + 30 · 4 · 40 →
2828,6278125
→ cos ϕ = = 0,98387 →
2875
Q = S · sin ϕ = 2875 · sin ϕ = 514,2942 VAr

ω · C · U2 = Q →
Q 514,2942
→C= = = 30,9461 µF
ω·U 2 2π50 · 2302

12663,50 W

14490 W
63 A

185 m2

40 A 25 A 30 mA

10 A

10 A

25 A
25 A

32 A

185 m2 > 160 m2

C1

C2

C3
C4

C5

C1 10 A ≥ 10 A
C2 16 A ≥ 10 A
C3 25 A ≥ 25 A
C4 20 A  25 A C4

C5 16 A  32 A C5
100 m2 200 m2
 n > 21 15,3 + (n − 21) · 0,5

100 m2

5750 W

160 m2
9200 W

 
12 · 5750 + 2 · 9200
11,3 = 70, 544 kW
14