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Camion Grua
Camion Grua
𝐃𝐃𝐃𝐃𝐃𝐃𝐃𝐃𝐃𝐃:
- Motor-reductor planetario: N = 300 rpm
- Ángulo inclinación rampa (α) = 20°
- Geométricas: Figura 1: Camión grúa para vehículos
• z1 = z3 = 30; z2 = 100 ; z4 = 130
• Øtambor = 200 mm
- Masas e inercias:
• mvehículo = 1200 kg
• J1 = J3 = 0.07 kgm2
• J2 = J4 = J5 = 0.1 kgm2
• Jm = 0.05 kgm2
- Rendimientos:
• η1= 0.9
• η2= 0.9
• η3 = 0,95
𝐃𝐃𝐃𝐃𝐃𝐃𝐃𝐃𝐃𝐃: 𝐅𝐅𝐅𝐅𝐅𝐅𝐅𝐅𝐅𝐅𝐅𝐅𝐅𝐅𝐅𝐅𝐅𝐅𝐅𝐅𝐅:
𝜔𝜔 𝑟𝑟 𝑧𝑧
2 ⋅ 𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖 = 𝜔𝜔1 = 𝑟𝑟2 = 𝑧𝑧2 = ⋯ (1)
𝑁𝑁1 = 300 rpm → 𝜔𝜔1 = 300 ⋅ = 31,41 𝑟𝑟𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎/𝑠𝑠 2 1 1
60
𝑊𝑊
𝑚𝑚 = 1200 kg→ 𝐹𝐹4 = 𝑚𝑚 ⋅ 𝑔𝑔 ⋅ sin 20º = 4022 𝑁𝑁 𝜂𝜂 = 𝑊𝑊2 (2)
1
𝐹𝐹4
𝛼𝛼 = 20º 𝑊𝑊 = 𝑀𝑀 ⋅ 𝜔𝜔 = 𝐹𝐹 ⋅ 𝑣𝑣 (3)
𝑅𝑅3 = 0,1 𝑚𝑚 𝑀𝑀2 = 𝜂𝜂 ⋅ 𝚤𝚤̇ ⋅ 𝑀𝑀1 (4)
𝑚𝑚 ⋅ 𝑔𝑔 2
𝐚𝐚𝐚) 𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄 𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜 (𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬)
Es posible simplificar el sistema de dos modos:
1. Unión de sistemas de transmisión de movimiento:
𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀 𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓 𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂
3
Transmisión de movimiento Transformación de movimiento
𝐚𝐚𝐚) 𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄 𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜 (𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬)
1. Unión de sistemas de transmisión de movimiento:
𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀 𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓𝐓 𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂
𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 1 − 2 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇
𝜔𝜔1 𝑀𝑀1 𝑧𝑧2 𝑧𝑧4 100 130 𝜔𝜔1 𝜔𝜔1 𝜔𝜔3 𝑀𝑀3 𝑉𝑉4 𝐹𝐹4
M 𝑊𝑊1
𝑖𝑖1−2 = 𝑖𝑖1 ⋅ 𝑖𝑖2 = ⋅ =
𝑧𝑧1 𝑧𝑧3
⋅
30 30
= 14,44 =
𝜔𝜔3
𝜂𝜂1−2 = 𝜂𝜂1 ⋅ 𝜂𝜂2 = 0,9 ⋅ 09 = 0,81
→ 𝜔𝜔3 =
14,44
𝑊𝑊3
𝑉𝑉4 = 𝜔𝜔3 ⋅ 𝑅𝑅3
𝜂𝜂4 = 0,95
𝑊𝑊4
𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 1 − 2 + 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇
𝜔𝜔1 𝑀𝑀1 𝜔𝜔1 𝜔𝜔1 𝜔𝜔1 ⋅ 𝑅𝑅3 𝑉𝑉4 𝐹𝐹4
M 𝑊𝑊1
𝑉𝑉4 = 𝜔𝜔3 ⋅ 𝑅𝑅3 =
𝜂𝜂1−4
𝑖𝑖1−2
⋅ 𝑅𝑅3 =
𝑖𝑖1 ⋅ 𝑖𝑖2
⋅ 𝑅𝑅3 =
= 𝜂𝜂1 ⋅ 𝜂𝜂2 ⋅ 𝜂𝜂4 = 0,9 ⋅ 09 ⋅ 0,95 = 0,7695
14,44
𝑊𝑊4
1 1 1 𝐽𝐽2 + 𝐽𝐽3
𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 2 → ⋅ 𝐽𝐽2 ′ + 𝐽𝐽3 ′ ⋅ 𝜔𝜔12 = ⋅ ⋅ 𝐽𝐽2 + 𝐽𝐽3 ⋅ 𝜔𝜔22 → 𝐽𝐽2′ + 𝐽𝐽3′ = 2
2 𝜂𝜂1 2 𝑖𝑖1 ⋅ 𝜂𝜂1
𝐽𝐽𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 = (𝐽𝐽𝑚𝑚 +𝐽𝐽1 ) + 𝐽𝐽2′ + 𝐽𝐽3′ + 𝐽𝐽′ 4 + 𝐽𝐽5′ + (𝐽𝐽𝑚𝑚 ′)
0,1 + 0,07
𝐽𝐽2′ + 𝐽𝐽3′ = 2 = 0,017 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑚𝑚2
100
Eje 1 Eje 1 Eje 2 Eje 3 Eje 4 ⋅ 0,9
30
(entrada) (salida) 1 1 1 𝐽𝐽4 + 𝐽𝐽5
𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 3 → ⋅ 𝐽𝐽4 ′ + 𝐽𝐽5 ′ ⋅ 𝜔𝜔12 = ⋅ ⋅ 𝐽𝐽4 + 𝐽𝐽5 ⋅ 𝜔𝜔32 → 𝐽𝐽4′ + 𝐽𝐽5′ = 2 2
2 𝜂𝜂1 ⋅ 𝜂𝜂2 2 𝑖𝑖1 ⋅ 𝑖𝑖2 ⋅ 𝜂𝜂1 ⋅ 𝜂𝜂2
𝐽𝐽𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 = 0,05 + 0,07 + 0,017 + 0,0012 + 0,0743
0,1 + 0,1
𝐽𝐽4′ + 𝐽𝐽5′ = 2 2 = 0,0012 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑚𝑚2
𝑱𝑱𝒆𝒆𝒆𝒆 = 𝟎𝟎, 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝒌𝒌𝒌𝒌𝒎𝒎𝟐𝟐 100 130
⋅ ⋅ 0,9 ⋅ 0,9
30 30
1 1 1
𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 4 → ⋅ 𝐽𝐽𝑚𝑚 ′ ⋅ 𝜔𝜔12 = ⋅ ⋅ 𝑚𝑚 ⋅ 𝑉𝑉42
2 𝜂𝜂1 ⋅ 𝜂𝜂2 ⋅ 𝜂𝜂4 2
′
1 1
𝐽𝐽𝑚𝑚 ⋅= ⋅ 1200 ⋅ 0,21752 ⋅ 2
= 0,0743 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑚𝑚2 6
0,9 ⋅ 0,9 ⋅ 0,95 31,41
e) 𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂𝐂 𝐝𝐝𝐝𝐝𝐝𝐝 𝐩𝐩𝐩𝐩𝐩𝐩 𝐲𝐲 𝐩𝐩𝐩𝐩𝐩𝐩𝐩𝐩𝐩𝐩𝐩𝐩𝐩𝐩𝐩𝐩 𝐝𝐝𝐝𝐝 𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚 𝐝𝐝𝐝𝐝𝐝𝐝 𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦𝐦 (Ma , Pa)
Par de arranque: 𝑀𝑀𝑎𝑎 = 𝑀𝑀𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 + 𝑀𝑀𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
Potencia de arranque: 𝑃𝑃𝑎𝑎 = 𝑀𝑀𝑎𝑎 ⋅ 𝜔𝜔𝑚𝑚 = 102,94 ⋅ 31,41 = 3233,35 𝑤𝑤 ≈ 3,23 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
¡Cuidado! En realidad, no es
constante ya que está acelerando.