PROPIEDADES

1. Derivada de una constante “k ∈ ℝ”

𝑠𝑖 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑲

𝒅𝒌 𝒅 𝒅(𝑲)
= (𝒌) = =𝟎
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙

Ejemplo

𝑑 𝑑(−7)
(−𝟕) = =0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝟑
(− ) = 0
𝑑𝑥 𝟓

𝑑
(𝜋) = 0
𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝟕
( √𝟖 ) = 0
𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝟏𝟏
( √𝟖) = 0
𝑑𝑥

𝑑 −5
(𝑒 ) = 0
𝑑𝑥

2. Derivada de una potencia

𝑆𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑦 = 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙𝒏

𝒅𝒚 𝒅 𝒏
= (𝒙 ) = 𝒏. 𝒙𝒏−𝟏 ; ∀ 𝑛 ∈ ℝ
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙
Ejemplo:

f(x) = x2 entonces 𝑓’(𝑥) = 2𝑥

𝑑
(𝑥 5 ) = 5𝑥 4
𝑑𝑥

𝑑
(𝑥 −7 ) = −7𝑥 −8 -7-1 = - 8
𝑑𝑥

𝑑 3 3 3−5 −2 3 3 5 3−5 −2
(𝑥 3/5 ) = 𝑥 −2/5 −1= = ó −1 = − = =
𝑑𝑥 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
 3 3 5 −2
−1= − =
5 5 5 5

3 3 11 −8
−1 = − =
11 11 11 11

7 7 13 −6
−1 = − =
13 13 13 13

15 15 7 8
−1 = − =
7 7 7 7

𝑑 11 −11 − 1 11 −14/3
(𝑥 −11/3 ) = − 𝑥 3 =− 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 3 3

3. Derivada del producto de una constante k de valor real por una función

𝒅 𝒅
(𝒌. 𝒇(𝒙)) = 𝒌. (𝒇(𝒙))
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙

Ejemplo

𝒅
𝑑
(2𝑥 3 ) = 2.
𝒅
(𝒙𝟑 ) = 2(3𝑥 2 ) = 6𝑥 2 (𝒙𝒏 ) = 𝒏. 𝒙𝒏−𝟏
𝑑𝑥 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙

𝑑 𝒅 −𝟓
(−11𝑥 −5 ) = −11. (𝒙 ) = −11(−5𝑥 −6 ) = 55𝑥 −6
𝑑𝑥 𝒅𝒙

2 𝟐
𝑑 3 3 𝒅 3 2 2 2 2 3 −2−3
( . 𝑥 −3 ) = (𝒙−𝟑 ) = (− 𝑥 −5/3 ) = − 𝑥 −5/3 − −1= − − = =
𝑑𝑥 5 5 𝒅𝒙 5 3 5 3 3 3 3
5
−
3

𝑑 5 −7/11 5 𝒅 5 7 −18/11 35 −18/11

( 𝑥 )= (𝒙−𝟕/𝟏𝟏 ) = (− 𝑥 )=− 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2 2 𝒅𝒙 2 11 22

7 7 11 −7 − 11 18
− −1 =− − = =−
11 11 11 11 11

𝑑 3 1/2 3 𝑑 1/2 3 1 3 −1/2

( 𝑥 )= (𝑥 ) = ( 𝑥 −1/2 ) = 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 5 5 𝑑𝑥 5 2 10

𝑑 𝑑 4 8𝜋 −11/7
(2𝜋𝑥 −4/7 ) = 2𝜋 (𝑥 −4/7 ) = 2𝜋 (− 𝑥 −11/7 ) = − 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 7 7

4. Derivada de sumas o restas de funciones

 𝒅 𝒅 𝒅 𝒅
(𝒇(𝒙) ± 𝒈(𝒙) ± 𝒉(𝒙) ± ⋯ ) = (𝒇(𝒙)) ± (𝒈(𝒙)) ± (𝒉(𝒙)) ± ⋯
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙

Ejemplo 1

f(x) = 3x2 + 6

𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 𝒅 𝑑
(3x2 + 6) = (3𝑥 2 ) + (6) = 3 (𝒙𝟐 ) + (6) = 3(2𝑥 ) + 0 = 𝟔𝒙
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝒅𝒙 𝑑𝑥

Ejemplo 2

𝒅
𝑑
(3𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 −5 − 𝑥 7 ) =
2 𝑑
(3𝑥 2 ) +
𝑑
(7𝑥 −5 ) −
𝑑 2
( 𝑥7) (𝒙𝒏 ) = 𝒏. 𝒙𝒏−𝟏
𝑑𝑥 7 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 7 𝒅𝒙

𝑑 𝑑 2 𝑑
=3 (𝑥 2 ) +7 (𝑥 −5 ) − (𝑥 7 )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 7 𝑑𝑥

2
= 3(2𝑥) + 7(−5𝑥 −6 ) − (7𝑥 6 )
7

= 6𝑥 − 35𝑥 −6 − 2𝑥 6

Ejemplo 3

𝑑 7
[− 𝑥 −5 + √2𝜋 𝑥 √2𝜋 − 𝑒 2 𝑥 −1 ] 𝑑
(𝑥 𝑛 ) = 𝑛 𝑥 𝑛−1
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 7 𝑑 𝑑
= (− 𝑥 −5 ) + (√2𝜋 𝑥 √2𝜋 ) − (𝑒 2 𝑥 −1 )
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

7 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
=− ( 𝑥 −5 ) + √2𝜋 ( 𝑥 √2𝜋 ) − 𝑒 2 (𝑥 −1 )
2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

7
= − (−5𝑥 −6 ) + √2𝜋 (√2𝜋 𝑥 √2𝜋 −1 ) − 𝑒 2 (−1𝑥 −2 )
2

35 −6
= 𝑥 + 2𝜋𝑥 √2𝜋 −1 + 𝑒 2 𝑥 −2
2

Ejemplo 4

2 4 5
𝑑 7 4 𝑑
(−5𝑥 5 + 8𝑥 3 − 𝑥 −2 − 𝑥 −1/2 ) =? (𝑥 𝑛 ) = 𝑛 𝑥 𝑛−1
𝑑𝑥 11 3 𝑑𝑥

2 4 5
𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 7 𝑑 4 −1/2
= (−5𝑥 5 ) + (8𝑥 3 ) − ( 𝑥 −2 ) − ( 𝑥 )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 11 𝑑𝑥 3

2 4 5
𝑑 𝑑 7 𝑑 4 𝑑 𝑑
= −5 (𝑥 5 ) +8 (𝑥 3 ) − (𝑥 −2 ) − (𝑥 −1/2 ) (𝑥 𝑛 ) = 𝑛 𝑥 𝑛−1
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 11 𝑑𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

2 3 4 1 7 5 7 4 1 3
= −5 ( 𝑥 −5 ) + 8 ( 𝑥 3 ) − (− 𝑥 −2 ) − (− 𝑥 −2 )
5 3 11 2 3 2
 3 32 1 35 −7 2 −3
= −2𝑥 −5 + 𝑥3 + 𝑥 2+ 𝑥 2
3 22 3

Ejemplo 5

7 3 7
𝑓(𝑥) = + −
√𝑥 3 𝑥 𝑥9

𝑑 7 3 7 𝑑
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = [ + − 9] = [7𝑥 −3/2 + 3𝑥 −1 − 7𝑥 −9 ]
𝑑𝑥 √𝑥 3 𝑥 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
= (7𝑥 −3/2 ) + (3𝑥 −1 ) − (7𝑥 −9 )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
= 7 (𝑥 −3/2 ) + 3 (𝑥 −1 ) − 7 (𝑥 −9 )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

3 −5/2
= 7 (− 𝑥 ) + 3(−1𝑥 −2 ) − 7(−9𝑥 −10 )
2

21 −5
= − 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 −2 + 63𝑥 −10
2

5. Derivada de una función Identidad

𝒅 𝒅(𝒙)
(𝒙) = =𝟏
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙

𝒅(𝒚)
=𝟏
𝒅𝒚

𝒅(𝒛)
=𝟏
𝒅𝒛

𝒅(𝒕)
=𝟏
𝒅𝒕

6. Derivada del producto de dos funciones:

𝒅 𝒅 𝒅
[𝒇(𝒙). 𝒈(𝒙)] = [𝒇(𝒙)]. (𝒈(𝒙)) + [𝒈(𝒙)]. (𝒇(𝒙))
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙

𝒅 𝒅 𝒅
[𝑨. 𝑩] = 𝑨. (𝑩) + 𝑩. (𝑨)
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙

Ejemplo 1
𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
[(4𝑥 −1 + 7𝑥 2 )(3𝑥 − 6)] = (4𝑥 −1 + 7𝑥 2 ) (3𝑥 − 6) + (3𝑥 − 6) (4𝑥 −1 + 7𝑥 2 )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Donde:

𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
• (3𝑥 − 6) = (3𝑥) − (6) = 3 (𝑥) − (6) = 3(1) − 0 = 𝟑
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
• (4𝑥 −1 2
+ 7𝑥 ) = (4𝑥 −1 ) + (7𝑥 2 ) = 4 (𝑥 −1 ) +7 (𝑥 2 )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

= 4(−1𝑥 −2 ) + 7(2𝑥) = −𝟒𝒙−𝟐 + 𝟏𝟒𝒙

Por tanto:

𝑑
[(4𝑥 −1 + 7𝑥 2 )(3𝑥 − 6)] = (4𝑥 −1 + 7𝑥 2 )(3) + (3𝑥 − 6)(−4𝑥 −2 + 14𝑥)
𝑑𝑥

= 12𝑥 −1 + 21𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 −1 + 42𝑥 2 + 24𝑥 −2 − 84𝑥

= 63𝑥 2 + 24𝑥 −2 − 84𝑥

Ejemplo 2

𝑑 11 3
[(3𝑥 − 3 + 11𝑥) . ( 𝑥 −3 − 8𝑥 −7 )]
𝑑𝑥 5

11 𝒅 𝟑 −𝟑 3 𝒅 𝟏𝟏
= (3𝑥 − 3 + 11𝑥) ( 𝒙 − 𝟖𝒙−𝟕 ) + ( 𝑥 −3 − 8𝑥 −7 ) (𝟑𝒙− 𝟑 + 𝟏𝟏𝒙)
𝒅𝒙 𝟓 5 𝒅𝒙

𝐷𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒:

𝑑 3 𝑑 3 𝑑
• ( 𝑥 −3 − 8𝑥 −7 ) = ( 𝑥 −3 ) − (8𝑥 −7 ) =
𝑑𝑥 5 𝑑𝑥 5 𝑑𝑥

3 𝑑 −3 𝑑
= (𝑥 ) − 8 (𝑥 −7 )
5 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

3 3 𝟗
= (− 𝑥 −4 ) − 8(−7𝑥 −8 ) = − 𝒙−𝟒 + 𝟓𝟔𝒙−𝟖
5 1 𝟓

11 11
𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
• (3𝑥 − 3 + 11𝑥) = 𝑑𝑥 (3𝑥 − 3 ) + 𝑑𝑥 (11𝑥 )
𝑑𝑥

11
𝑑 𝑑
= 3 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 − 3 ) + 11 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥)

11 −14 𝟏𝟒
= 3 (− 𝑥 3 ) + 11(1) = −𝟏𝟏𝒙− 𝟑 + 𝟏𝟏
3

Por tanto:
 11 11
𝑑 3 3 𝑑
(3𝑥 − 3 + 11𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (5 𝑥 −3 − 8𝑥 −7 ) + (5 𝑥 −3 − 8𝑥 −7 ) 𝑑𝑥 (3𝑥 − 3 + 11𝑥)=

11 𝟗 3 14
= (3𝑥 − 3 + 11𝑥) (− 𝒙−𝟒 + 𝟓𝟔𝒙−𝟖 ) + ( 𝑥 −3 − 8𝑥 −7 ) (−11𝑥 − 3 + 11)
𝟓 5

23 35 23 35
27 99 33 33
=− 𝑥 − 3 + 168𝑥 − 3 − 𝑥 −3 + 616𝑥 −7 − 𝑥− 3 + 𝑥 −3 + 88𝑥 − 3 − 88𝑥 −7
5 5 5 5

23 35
66
= −12𝑥 − 3 + 256𝑥 − 3 − 𝑥 −3 + 528𝑥 −7
5

EJERCICIO 3 - TAREA

𝑑 2
(9𝑥 −3 + 𝑥 3/7 − 5𝑥 −2/5 + 11)
𝑑𝑥 3
𝑑 𝑑 2 𝑑 𝑑
= (9𝑥−3 ) + (3 𝑥3/7 ) − (5𝑥−2/5 ) + (11)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 2 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
=9 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 −3 ) + 3 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 3/7 ) − 5 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 −2/5 ) + 𝑑𝑥 (11)

2 3 4 2 7
= 9(−3𝑥 −4 ) + ( 𝑥 −7 ) − 5 (− 𝑥 −5 ) + 0
3 7 5

2 4 7
= −27𝑥 −4 + 𝑥 −7 + 2𝑥 −5
7

7. Derivada de un Cociente de funciones

𝒅 𝒅
𝒅 𝒇(𝒙) 𝒈(𝒙). (𝒇(𝒙)) − 𝒇(𝒙). (𝒈(𝒙))
[ ]= 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙 ; 𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝑔(𝑥) ≠ 0
𝒅𝒙 𝒈(𝒙) [𝒈(𝒙)]𝟐

𝒅 𝒅
𝒅 𝑨 𝑩. (𝑨) − 𝑨. (𝑩)
( )= 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙
𝒅𝒙 𝑩 𝑩𝟐

Ejemplo 1:

𝑑 𝑑
𝑑 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 2 (𝑥 2 − 4) (𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 2) − (𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 2) (𝑥 2 − 4)
[ ]= 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑥2 − 4 (𝑥 2 − 4)2

𝐷𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒

𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
• (𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 2) = (𝑥 2 ) − (6𝑥) + (2) = (𝑥 2 ) −6 (𝑥) + (2)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
 = 2x – 6(1) + 0 = 2x - 6

𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
• (𝑥 2 − 4) = (𝑥 2 ) − (4) = 2𝑥 − 0 = 𝟐𝒙
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Por tanto:

𝑑 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 2 (𝑥 2 − 4)(2𝑥 − 6) − (𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 2)(2𝑥)
[ ] =
𝑑𝑥 𝑥2 − 4 (𝑥 2 − 4)2

2𝑥 3 −8𝑥−6𝑥 2 +24−(2𝑥 3 −12𝑥 2 +4𝑥) 2𝑥 3 −8𝑥−6𝑥 2 +24−2𝑥 3 +12𝑥 2−4𝑥

= (𝑥 2 −4)2
= (𝑥 2 −4)2
=

6𝑥 2 −12𝑥+24 6(𝑥 2 −2𝑥+4)

= (𝑥 2 −4)2
= (𝑥 2 −4)2

Ejemplo 2:

𝒅 𝒅
𝑑 8𝑥 7 +5𝑥 −5 −3𝑥 −2/3 𝒈(𝒙).𝒅𝒙(𝒇(𝒙))−𝒇(𝒙).𝒅𝒙 (𝒈(𝒙))
𝑦′ = [ ] 𝒅
[
𝒇(𝒙)
] = [𝒈(𝒙)]𝟐
𝑑𝑥 6𝑥+7 𝒅𝒙 𝒈(𝒙)

𝒅 𝒅
(6𝑥 + 7) (8𝑥 7 + 5𝑥 −5 − 3𝑥 −2/3 ) − (8𝑥 7 + 5𝑥 −5 − 3𝑥 −2/3 ) (6𝑥 + 7)
𝒚′ = 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙
(6𝑥 + 7) 𝟐

Donde:

𝒅 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 2
(8𝑥 7 + 5𝑥 −5 − 3𝑥 −2/3 ) = (8𝑥 7 ) + (5𝑥 −5 ) − (3𝑥 −3 )
𝒅𝒙 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
=8 (𝑥 7 ) +5 (𝑥 −5 ) −3 (𝑥 −2/3 )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

2
= 8(7𝑥 6 ) + 5(−5𝑥 −6 ) − 3 (− 𝑥 −5/3 )
3

= 56𝑥 6 − 25𝑥 −6 + 2𝑥 −5/3

𝒅 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
(6𝑥 + 7) = (6𝑥) + (7) = 6 (𝑥) + (7) = 6(1) + 0 = 6
𝒅𝒙 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Por tanto:

𝒅 𝒅
(6𝑥 + 7) (8𝑥 7 + 5𝑥 −5 − 3𝑥 −2/3 ) − (8𝑥 7 + 5𝑥 −5 − 3𝑥 −2/3 ) (6𝑥 + 7)
𝒚′ = 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙
(6𝑥 + 7)𝟐

2
(6𝑥 + 7)(56𝑥 6 − 25𝑥 −6 + 2𝑥 −5/3 ) − (8𝑥 7 + 5𝑥 −5 − 3𝑥 −3 ) (𝟔)
𝑦′ =
(6𝑥 + 7)𝟐
 𝑦′
2 5
336𝑥 7 − 150𝑥 −5 + 12𝑥 −3 + 392𝑥 7 − 175𝑥 −6 + 14𝑥 −3 − 48𝑥 7 − 30𝑥 −5 + 18𝑥 −2/3
=
(6𝑥 + 7)𝟐

2 5
680𝑥 7 − 180𝑥 −5 + 30𝑥 −3 − 175𝑥 −6 + 14𝑥 −3
𝑦′ =
(6𝑥 + 7)𝟐

Ejemplo 3:

2
9𝑥 −3 + 3𝑥 3 − 5𝑥 −2 + 11
y= entonces y’ = ?
4𝑥−7

2 𝒅 𝒅
𝑑 9𝑥 −3 +3𝑥 3 −5𝑥 −2 +11 𝒅 𝒇(𝒙) 𝒈(𝒙).𝒅𝒙(𝒇(𝒙))−𝒇(𝒙).𝒅𝒙 (𝒈(𝒙))
′
𝑦 = [ ] [ ]= [𝒈(𝒙)]𝟐
𝑑𝑥 4𝑥−7 𝒅𝒙 𝒈(𝒙)

𝑦′
𝑑 2 2 𝑑
(4𝑥 − 7) (9𝑥 −3 + 𝑥 3 − 5𝑥 −2 + 11) − (9𝑥 −3 + 𝑥 3 − 5𝑥 −2 + 11) (4𝑥 − 7)
= 𝑑𝑥 3 3 𝑑𝑥
(4𝑥 − 7)2

Donde:

𝑑 2 𝑑 𝑑 2 3 𝑑 𝑑
(9𝑥 −3 + 𝑥 3 − 5𝑥 −2 + 11) = (9𝑥 −3 ) + ( 𝑥 )− (5𝑥 −2 ) + (11)
𝑑𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 2 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
=9 (𝑥 −3 ) + (𝑥 3 ) − 5 (𝑥 −2 ) + (11)
𝑑𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

2
= 9(−3𝑥 −4 ) + (3𝑥 2 ) − 5(−2𝑥 −3 ) + 0
3

= −27𝑥 −4 + 2𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 −3

𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
(4𝑥 − 7) = (4𝑥) − (7) = 4 (𝑥) − (7) = 4(1) − 0 = 4
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Por tanto:

𝑑 2 2 𝑑
(4𝑥−7) (9𝑥 −3 +3𝑥 3 −5𝑥 −2 +11)−(9𝑥 −3 +3𝑥 3 −5𝑥 −2 +11)𝑑𝑥(4𝑥−7)
𝑦′ = 𝑑𝑥
(4𝑥−7)2
=

2 3
(4𝑥 − 7)(−27𝑥−4 + 2𝑥2 + 10𝑥−3 ) − (9𝑥−3 + 𝑥 − 5𝑥−2 + 11) (4)
3
𝑦′ =
(4𝑥 − 7)2
 𝑦′
8
−108𝑥 −3 + 8𝑥 3 + 40𝑥 −2 + 189𝑥 −4 − 14𝑥 2 − 70𝑥 −3 − 36𝑥 −3 − 𝑥 3 + 20𝑥 −2 − 44
= 3
(4𝑥 − 7)2

16 3
{−214𝑥 −3 + 𝑥 + 60𝑥 −2 + 189𝑥 −4 − 14𝑥 2 − 44} ∗ 3
𝑦′ = 3
{(4𝑥 − 7)2 } ∗ 3

−642𝑥 −3 + 16𝑥 3 + 180𝑥 −2 + 567𝑥 −4 − 42𝑥 2 − 132

𝑦′ =
3(4𝑥 − 7)2

8. Derivada de la potencia de una función

𝒅 𝒅
(𝒖)𝒏 = 𝒏. (𝒖)𝒏−𝟏. (𝒖) ; 𝒄𝒐𝒏 𝒖 = 𝒇(𝒙)
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙

Ejemplo 1:

𝑑 𝟕 𝒅 𝟐
(𝒙𝟐 − 𝟔𝒙) = 7(𝑥 2 − 6𝑥)6 . (𝒙 − 𝟔𝒙)
𝑑𝑥 𝒅𝒙

𝑑 𝑑
= 7(𝑥 2 − 6𝑥)6 [ (𝑥 2 ) − (6𝑥)]
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑑
= 7(𝑥 2 − 6𝑥)6 [ (𝑥 2 ) −6 (𝑥)]
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

= 7(𝑥 2 − 6𝑥)6 [2𝑥 − 6(1)]

=7. (𝑥 2 − 6𝑥)6 . (2𝑥 − 6) = (14𝑥 − 42)(𝑥 2 − 6𝑥)6

a.b.c = (a.b).c = a.(b.c) = (a.c).b

Ejemplo 2:

Si 𝑦 = (5𝑥 4 − 3𝑥 2 + 11)5/3 entonces y’ = ?

5
𝑑
𝑦′ = (5𝑥 4 − 3𝑥 2 + 11)3 𝒅 𝒅
(𝒖)𝒏 = 𝒏. (𝒖)𝒏−𝟏. (𝒖)
𝑑𝑥 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙

5 𝑑
𝑦′ = (5𝑥 4 − 3𝑥 2 + 11)2/3 (5𝑥 4 − 3𝑥 2 + 11)
3 𝑑𝑥

Donde:
𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
(5𝑥 4 − 3𝑥 2 + 11) = (5𝑥 4 ) − (3𝑥 2 ) + (11)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
=5 (𝑥 4 ) − 3 (𝑥 2 ) + (11)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

= 5(4𝑥 3 ) − 3(2𝑥 ) + 0

= 20𝑥 3 − 6𝑥

𝑃𝑜𝑟 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑜:

5 2 𝑑
𝑦′ = (5𝑥 4 − 3𝑥 2 + 11)3 (5𝑥 4 − 3𝑥 2 + 11)
3 𝑑𝑥
5
𝑦′ = (5𝑥 4 − 3𝑥 2 + 11)2/3 (20𝑥 3 − 6𝑥 )
3
Ejemplo 3:

𝑦 = (7𝑥 −2 + 3𝑥 −5 − 13𝑥 )−11/7 𝒅

𝒅𝒙
(𝒖)𝒏 = 𝒏. (𝒖)𝒏−𝟏 . (𝒖)
𝒅𝒙
𝒅

𝑦′ = ¿ ?

𝑑
𝑦′ = [(7𝑥 −2 + 3𝑥 −5 − 13𝑥 )−11/7 ]
𝑑𝑥
11 𝒅
𝑦′ = − (7𝑥 −2 + 3𝑥 −5 − 13𝑥)−18/7 (𝟕𝒙−𝟐 + 𝟑𝒙−𝟓 − 𝟏𝟑𝒙)
7 𝒅𝒙

Donde:

𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
(7𝑥 −2 + 3𝑥 −5 − 13𝑥) = (7𝑥 −2 ) + (3𝑥 −5 ) − (13𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
=7 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 −2 ) + 3 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 −5 ) − 13 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥)

= 7(−2𝑥 −3 ) + 3(−5𝑥 −6 ) − 13(1)

 = −14𝑥 −3 − 15𝑥 −6 − 13

Por tanto:

11 18 𝑑
𝑦′ = − (7𝑥 −2 + 3𝑥 −5 − 13𝑥)− 7 (7𝑥 −2 + 3𝑥 −5 − 13𝑥)
7 𝑑𝑥

11
𝑦′ = − (7𝑥 −2 + 3𝑥 −5 − 13𝑥)−18/7 [−14𝑥 −3 − 15𝑥 −6 − 13]
7

Ejemplo 4:

Si 𝑦 = (3𝑥 − 7)−6 . (4𝑥 + 2) entonces y’ = ?