Prueba II

Derivadas Parciales
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 𝑛
𝑓 ´ (𝑥) = 𝑛𝑥 𝑛−1

𝑈(𝑞𝐴 , 𝑞𝐵 ) = 2𝑞𝐴3 + 4𝑞𝐵2 𝑞𝐴 + 𝑞𝐵2

𝜕𝑈
= 6𝑞2𝐴 + 4𝑞2𝐵 + 0
𝜕𝑞𝐴
𝜕𝑈
= 0 + 8𝑞𝐵 𝑞𝐴 + 2𝑞𝐵
𝜕𝑞𝐵

𝑓(𝑢, 𝑣, 𝑤) = 𝑢3 𝑣 2 𝑤 − 5𝑢2 𝑣 2 𝑤 2 + 𝑢3 𝑣 3 𝑤 3

𝜕𝑓
= 3𝑢2 𝑣2 𝑤 − 10𝑢𝑣2 𝑤2 + 3𝑢2 𝑣3 𝑤3
𝜕𝑢

𝜕𝑓
= 2𝑢3 𝑣𝑤 − 10𝑢2 𝑣𝑤2 + 3𝑢3 𝑣2 𝑤3
𝜕𝑣

𝜕𝑓
= 𝑢3 𝑣2 − 10𝑢2 𝑣2 𝑤 + 3𝑢3 𝑣3 𝑤2
𝜕𝑤
 𝑈(𝑞𝐴 , 𝑞𝐵 ) = 20𝑞𝐴 − 10𝑞𝐴2 + 20𝑞𝐵 − 4𝑞𝐵2 − 𝑞𝐴 𝑞𝐵

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 𝑛
𝑓 ´ (𝑥) = 𝑛𝑥 𝑛−1
𝜕𝑈
= 20 − 20𝑞𝐴 + 0 − 0 − 𝑞𝐵
𝜕𝑞𝐴

𝜕𝑈
= 0 − 0 + 20 − 8𝑞𝐵 − 𝑞𝐴
𝜕𝑞𝐵

4𝑠 2 𝑡 4 4𝑡 4
𝑈(𝑟, 𝑠, 𝑡) = = 𝑠 2 = 4𝑠 2 𝑡 4 (2𝑟 3 − 4𝑡 3 )−1
2𝑟 3 − 4𝑡 3 2𝑟 3 − 4𝑡 3
𝜕𝑢 8𝑠𝑡 4
= 3
𝜕𝑠 2𝑟 − 4𝑡 3
𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑢(𝑥))𝑛

𝑓 ´ (𝑥) = 𝑛(𝑢(𝑥))𝑛−1 𝑢´ (𝑥)

𝜕𝑢 2 4 (2𝑟 3 3 )−2 2
−24𝑠 2 𝑡 4 𝑟 2
= −4𝑠 𝑡 − 4𝑡 6𝑟 =
𝜕𝑟 (2𝑟 3 − 4𝑡 3 )2
𝑔(𝑥)
𝑓(𝑥) =
ℎ(𝑥)

´
ℎ(𝑥)𝑔´ (𝑥) − 𝑔(𝑥)ℎ´ (𝑥)
𝑓 (𝑥) =
[ℎ(𝑥)]2

𝜕𝑢 (2𝑟 3 − 4𝑡 3 )16𝑠 2 𝑡 3 − (4𝑠 2 𝑡 4 )(−12𝑡 2 ) 4𝑠 2 𝑡 4

=
𝜕𝑡 (2𝑟 3 − 4𝑡 3 )2 2𝑟 3 − 4𝑡 3

𝜕𝑢 32𝑟 3 𝑠 2 𝑡 3 − 64𝑠 2 𝑡 6 + 48𝑠 2 𝑡 6 32𝑟 3 𝑠 2 𝑡 3 − 16𝑠 2 𝑡 6 16𝑠 2 𝑡 3 (2𝑟 3 − 𝑡 3 )

= = = 2
𝜕𝑡 (2𝑟 3 − 4𝑡 3 )2 (2𝑟 3 − 4𝑡 3 )2 (2(𝑟 3 − 2𝑡 3 ))

16𝑠 2 𝑡 3 (2𝑟 3 − 𝑡 3 ) 4𝑠 2 𝑡 3 (2𝑟 3 − 𝑡 3 )

= =
4(𝑟 3 − 2𝑡 3 )2 (𝑟 3 − 2𝑡 3 )2
 4𝑣 3 𝑢2 4𝑣 3 2𝑣 3 𝑢2 1 −1
𝑊(𝑢, 𝑣, 𝑧) = 3 = 3 𝑢2 = 1 = 2𝑣 3 𝑢2 (𝑧 3 − 2𝑣 3 )
2 √𝑧 − 4𝑣 3 2 √𝑧 − 4𝑣 3
𝑧 − 2𝑣 3
3

𝜕𝑊 8𝑣 3 𝑢 4𝑣 3 𝑢
= 3 = 3
𝜕𝑢 2 √𝑧 − 4𝑣 3 √𝑧 − 2𝑣 3
𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑢(𝑥))𝑛

𝑓 ´ (𝑥) = 𝑛(𝑢(𝑥))𝑛−1 𝑢´ (𝑥)

𝜕𝑊 1 −2 1 2 2𝑣 3 𝑢2 2𝑣 3 𝑢2
= −2𝑣 3 𝑢2 (𝑧 3 − 2𝑣 3 ) (3𝑧 −3 ) = − 2 = 2
𝜕𝑧 2 1 3 3
3√𝑧 2 ( √𝑧 − 2𝑣 3 )
3𝑧 3 (𝑧 3 − 2𝑣 3 )

𝑔(𝑥)
𝑓(𝑥) =
ℎ(𝑥)
ℎ(𝑥)𝑔´ (𝑥) − 𝑔(𝑥)ℎ´ (𝑥)
𝑓 ´ (𝑥) =
[ℎ(𝑥)]2

2𝑣 3 𝑢2
𝑊(𝑢, 𝑣, 𝑧) = 1
𝑧 3 − 2𝑣 3
1 1
3 2 2 3 2 2
𝜕𝑊 (𝑧3 − 2𝑣 ) 6𝑣 𝑢 − (2𝑣 𝑢 )(−6𝑣 ) 6𝑣2 𝑢2 𝑧3 − 12𝑣5 𝑢2 + 12𝑣5 𝑢2
3
6𝑣2 𝑢2 √𝑧
= 2 = 2 = 2
𝜕𝑣 3
( √𝑧 − 2𝑣3 )
3
( √𝑧 − 2𝑣3 )
3
( √𝑧 − 2𝑣3 )

3
𝑈(𝑚, 𝑛, 𝑝) = √4 − 𝑚5 𝑛3 𝑝3 √5 + 𝑚4 𝑛2 𝑝6
1 1
𝑈(𝑚, 𝑛, 𝑝) = (4 − 𝑚5 𝑛3 𝑝3 )2 (5 + 𝑚4 𝑛2 𝑝6 )3
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑔(𝑥)ℎ(𝑥)
𝑓 ´ (𝑥) = 𝑔(𝑥)ℎ´ (𝑥) + ℎ(𝑥)𝑔´ (𝑥)
𝜕𝑢 11 2 11 1
= (4 − 𝑚5 𝑛3 𝑝3 )2 3(5 + 𝑚4 𝑛2 𝑝6 )−3 (4𝑚3 𝑛2 𝑝6 ) + (5 + 𝑚4 𝑛2 𝑝6 )3 2(4 − 𝑚5 𝑛3 𝑝3 )−2 (−5𝑚4 𝑛3 𝑝3 )
𝜕𝑚
𝜕𝑢 4 1 2 5 1 1
= ( 𝑚3 𝑛2 𝑝6 ) (4 − 𝑚5 𝑛3 𝑝3 )2 (5 + 𝑚4 𝑛2 𝑝6 )−3 + (− 𝑚4 𝑛3 𝑝3 ) (5 + 𝑚4 𝑛2 𝑝6 )3 (4 − 𝑚5 𝑛3 𝑝3 )−2
𝜕𝑚 3 2

1 1
(4 − 𝑚5 𝑛3 𝑝3 )2 1 1 (5 + 𝑚4 𝑛2 𝑝6 )3 1 2
1 = (4 − 𝑚5 𝑛3 𝑝3 )2−(−2) = (4 − 𝑚5 𝑛3 𝑝3 ) 2 = (5 + 𝑚4 𝑛2 𝑝6 )3−(−3) = (5 + 𝑚4 𝑛2 𝑝6 )
−2
(4 − 𝑚 5 𝑛3 𝑝 3 ) (5 + 𝑚4 𝑛2 𝑝6 )−3

𝜕𝑢 1 3 2 3 1 2
= 𝑚 𝑛 𝑝 (4 − 𝑚5 𝑛3 𝑝3 )−2 (5 + 𝑚4 𝑛2 𝑝6 )−3 [8𝑝3 (4 − 𝑚5 𝑛3 𝑝3 ) − 15𝑚𝑛(5 + 𝑚4 𝑛2 𝑝6 )]
𝜕𝑚 6
𝜕𝑢 1 3 2 3 1 2
= 𝑚 𝑛 𝑝 (4 − 𝑚5 𝑛3 𝑝3 )−2 (5 + 𝑚4 𝑛2 𝑝6 )−3 [32𝑝3 − 8𝑚5 𝑛3 𝑝6 − 75𝑚𝑛 − 15𝑚5 𝑛3 𝑝6 ]
𝜕𝑚 6
𝜕𝑢 𝑚3 𝑛2 𝑝3 [32𝑝3 − 23𝑚5 𝑛3 𝑝 6 − 75𝑚𝑛]
= 1 2
𝜕𝑚 6(4 − 𝑚5 𝑛3 𝑝3 )2 (5 + 𝑚4 𝑛2 𝑝6 )3

𝜕𝑢 𝑚3 𝑛2 𝑝3 [32𝑝3 − 23𝑚5 𝑛3 𝑝 6 − 75𝑚𝑛]

=
𝜕𝑚 3
6√4 − 𝑚5 𝑛3 𝑝3 √(5 + 𝑚4 𝑛2 𝑝6 )2

4
𝑤 2 𝑣 3 𝑢4 − 4
𝑃(𝑤, 𝑣, 𝑢) = ( 2 )
2𝑢 − 3𝑤 2 𝑣 5

3
𝜕𝑃 𝑤 2 𝑣 3 𝑢4 − 4 (2𝑢2 − 3𝑤 2 𝑣 5 )[3𝑤 2 𝑣 2 𝑢4 ] − (𝑤 2 𝑣 3 𝑢4 − 4)(−15𝑤 2 𝑣 4 )
= 4( 2 )
𝜕𝑣 2𝑢 − 3𝑤 2 𝑣 5 (2𝑢2 − 3𝑤 2 𝑣 5 )2

3
𝜕𝑃 𝑤 2 𝑣 3 𝑢4 − 4 6𝑢6 𝑤 2 𝑣 2 − 9𝑤 4 𝑣 7 𝑢4 + 15𝑤 4 𝑣 7 𝑢4 − 60𝑤 2 𝑣 4
= 4( 2 )
𝜕𝑣 2𝑢 − 3𝑤 2 𝑣 5 (2𝑢2 − 3𝑤 2 𝑣 5 )2

𝜕𝑃 4(𝑤 2 𝑣 3 𝑢4 − 4)3 6𝑢6 𝑤 2 𝑣 2 + 6𝑤 4 𝑣 7 𝑢4 − 60𝑤 2 𝑣 4

=
𝜕𝑣 (2𝑢2 − 3𝑤 2 𝑣 5 )3 (2𝑢2 − 3𝑤 2 𝑣 5 )2
𝜕𝑃 4(𝑤 2 𝑣 3 𝑢4 − 4)3 6𝑤 2 𝑣 2 (𝑢6 + 𝑤 2 𝑣 5 𝑢4 − 10𝑣 2 )
=
𝜕𝑣 (2𝑢2 − 3𝑤 2 𝑣 5 )5

𝜕𝑃 24𝑤 2 𝑣 2 (𝑤 2 𝑣 3 𝑢4 − 4)3 (𝑢6 + 𝑤 2 𝑣 5 𝑢4 − 10𝑣 2 )

=
𝜕𝑣 (2𝑢2 − 3𝑤 2 𝑣 5 )5
 1
3𝑎3 𝑏 4 𝑐 5 − 12 𝑎3 𝑏4 𝑐 5 − 12 3
𝑈(𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) = √ 2 = ( )
3𝑏 − 4𝑎2 𝑐 5 3𝑏2 − 4𝑎2 𝑐 5

2
−
𝜕𝑈 1 𝑎3 𝑏 4 𝑐 5 − 12 3 (3𝑏 2 − 4𝑎2 𝑐 5 )(4𝑎3 𝑏3 𝑐 5 ) − (𝑎3 𝑏 4 𝑐 5 − 12)(6𝑏)
= ( )
𝜕𝑏 3 3𝑏 2 − 4𝑎2 𝑐 5 (3𝑏 2 − 4𝑎2 𝑐 5 )2

2
−
𝜕𝑈 1 𝑎3 𝑏 4 𝑐 5 − 12 3 (3𝑏 2 − 4𝑎2 𝑐 5 )(4𝑎3 𝑏3 𝑐 5 ) − (𝑎3 𝑏 4 𝑐 5 − 12)(6𝑏)
= ( )
𝜕𝑏 3 3𝑏 2 − 4𝑎2 𝑐 5 (3𝑏 2 − 4𝑎2 𝑐 5 )2

2
−
𝜕𝑈 1 𝑎3 𝑏 4 𝑐 5 − 12 3 12𝑏 5 𝑎3 𝑐 5 − 16𝑎5 𝑐10 𝑏3 − 6𝑎3 𝑏 5 𝑐 5 + 72𝑏
= ( )
𝜕𝑏 3 3𝑏 2 − 4𝑎2 𝑐 5 (3𝑏 2 − 4𝑎2 𝑐 5 )2
2
𝜕𝑈 1 (𝑎3 𝑏 4 𝑐 5 − 12)−3 (6𝑏 5 𝑎3 𝑐 5 − 16𝑎5 𝑐10 𝑏3 + 72𝑏)
=
𝜕𝑏 3 (3𝑏 2 − 4𝑎2 𝑐 5 )−23 (3𝑏 2 − 4𝑎2 𝑐 5 )2

𝜕𝑈 2𝑏(3𝑏 4 𝑎3 𝑐 5 − 4𝑎5 𝑐 10 𝑏 2 + 36) 2𝑏(3𝑏 4 𝑎3 𝑐 5 − 4𝑎5 𝑐10 𝑏2 + 36)

= 4 =
𝜕𝑏 2 3 3 4 5 2 2 5 4
3(𝑎3 𝑏 4 𝑐 5 − 12)3 (3𝑏2 − 4𝑎2 𝑐 5 )3 3√(𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 − 12) (3𝑏 − 4𝑎 𝑐 )
2

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑒 𝑢(𝑥)

𝑓 ´ (𝑥 ) = 𝑒 𝑢(𝑥) 𝑢´ (𝑥 )𝐿𝑛𝑒 = 𝑒 𝑢(𝑥) 𝑢´ (𝑥 )

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑢(𝑥)

𝑓 ´ (𝑥 ) = 𝑎𝑢(𝑥) 𝑢´ (𝑥 )𝐿𝑛𝑎

3 2 𝑢4 𝑤 −1
𝑓(𝑢, 𝑣, 𝑤) = 4𝑒 6 √𝑣

2 4 1
6𝑣 3 𝑢3 𝑤 3 −1
𝑓(𝑢, 𝑣, 𝑤) = 4𝑒
 2 4 1 2 1 1
𝜕𝑓 6𝑣 3 𝑢3 𝑤3−1
= 4𝑒 (8𝑣3 𝑢3 𝑤3 )
𝜕𝑢

2 1 1 2 4 1
𝜕𝑓 6𝑣3 𝑢3 𝑤3−1
= 32𝑣 𝑢 𝑤 𝑒
3 3 3
𝜕𝑢

2 4 1
6𝑣 3 𝑢3 𝑤 3 −1
𝑓(𝑢, 𝑣, 𝑤) = 4𝑒

2 4 1
𝜕𝑓 1 4 1
= 4𝑒 6𝑣 3 𝑢3 𝑤3 −1 (4𝑣 −3 𝑢3 𝑤 3 )
𝜕𝑣

4 1
𝜕𝑓 16𝑢 3 𝑤 3 6𝑣23 𝑢43 𝑤 13 −1
= 1 𝑒
𝜕𝑣
𝑣3

𝜕𝑓 3 𝑢4 𝑤 3 2 4
= 16 √ 𝑒 6 √𝑣 𝑢 𝑤−1
𝜕𝑣 𝑣

1
𝑎2 𝑏3 𝑐 4 𝑎2 𝑏3 𝑐 4 2
𝑓(𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) = 5√4 − 5𝑒 = 5(4 − 5𝑒 )
−1
𝜕𝑓 5 3
𝑎2 𝑏 𝑐4
2 2 4 33
= 𝑓𝑎 = (4 − 5𝑒 ) (−5𝑒𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 (2𝑎𝑏 𝑐4 ))
𝜕𝑎 2
2 3 4 3 2 3 4 3
𝜕𝑓 25𝑒𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 𝑎𝑏 𝑐4 25𝑒𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 𝑎𝑏 𝑐4
= 𝑓𝑎 = − 1
=−
𝜕𝑎
2 3 4 2 √4 − 5𝑒𝑎2 𝑏3 𝑐4
(4 − 5𝑒𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 )
 5 𝑏4 𝑐 3 4
𝑓 (𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) = 5(7 + 4𝑒 𝑎 )
𝜕𝑓 5 4 3 3 5 4 3
= 𝑓𝑎 = 20(7 + 4𝑒 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 ) 4𝑒 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 (5𝑎4 𝑏 4 𝑐 3 )
𝜕𝑎

𝜕𝑓 5 4 3 5 4 3 3
= 𝑓𝑎 = 400𝑒 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 (𝑎4 𝑏 4 𝑐 3 )(7 + 4𝑒 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 )
𝜕𝑎

5 𝑠4 𝑡 3
𝑓 (𝑚, 𝑠, 𝑡) = 24𝑚
𝜕𝑓 5 4 3
= 24𝑚 𝑠 𝑡 (20𝑚4 𝑠 4 𝑡 3 ) ln(2)
𝜕𝑚

3 5 𝑠5 𝑡 2
𝑓(𝑟, 𝑠, 𝑡) = 5 √𝑒 4𝑟 −4
1
4𝑟 5 𝑠5 𝑡 2 3
𝑓(𝑟, 𝑠, 𝑡) = 5(𝑒 − 4)
5 5 2
𝜕𝑓 5 4𝑟 5 𝑠5 𝑡 2 −
2
3 4𝑟 5 𝑠 5 𝑡 2 4 5 2
100𝑟 4 𝑠 5 𝑡 2 𝑒 4𝑟 𝑠 𝑡
= (𝑒 − 4) 𝑒 (20𝑟 𝑠 𝑡 ) = 2
𝜕𝑟 3 4𝑟 5 𝑠5 𝑡 2
3(𝑒 − 4)3
5 5 2
𝜕𝑓 100𝑟 4 𝑠 5 𝑡 2 𝑒 4𝑟 𝑠 𝑡
=
𝜕𝑟 3 5 5 2 2
3 √(𝑒 4𝑟 𝑠 𝑡 − 4)
 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑙𝑛 (𝑢(𝑥))
1 ´ 1 𝑢´ (𝑥 )
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑢 (𝑥 ) =
𝑢(𝑥 ) 𝑙𝑛𝑒 𝑢 (𝑥 )

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝐿𝑜𝑔𝑎 (𝑢(𝑥))

1 ´ 1 𝑢´ (𝑥 )
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑢 (𝑥 ) =
𝑢(𝑥 ) 𝑙𝑛𝑎 𝑢(𝑥 )𝐿𝑛𝑎

25𝑚3 (𝑟 − 𝑠)4
𝑓 (𝑚, 𝑟, 𝑠) = 𝐿𝑛√
4𝑟 5 − 3𝑚3

1 3
3(
25𝑚 𝑟 − 𝑠 )4 2 5𝑚2 (𝑟 − 𝑠)2
𝑓(𝑚, 𝑟, 𝑠) = 𝐿𝑛 ( ) = 𝑙𝑛 ( 1) =
4𝑟 5 − 3𝑚3 5
(4𝑟 − 3𝑚 )23

3 1
𝑓(𝑚, 𝑟, 𝑠) = 𝑙𝑛5 + 𝑙𝑛 (𝑚2 ) +𝑙𝑛(𝑟 − 𝑠)2 − 𝑙𝑛(4𝑟 5 − 3𝑚3 )2
3 1
𝑓(𝑚, 𝑟, 𝑠) = 𝑙𝑛5 + 2𝑙𝑛(𝑚) + 2ln (𝑟 − 𝑠) − 2𝑙𝑛(4𝑟 5 − 3𝑚3 )

𝜕𝑓 1 1 20𝑟 4
= 2[ ] − 2[ 5 ]
𝜕𝑟 𝑟−𝑠 4𝑟 − 3𝑚3
𝜕𝑓 2 10𝑟 4
= −
𝜕𝑟 𝑟 − 𝑠 4𝑟 5 − 3𝑚3
𝑓(𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) = 𝑙𝑛3 (𝐿𝑛(𝑎) − 4𝑎4 𝑏 2 𝑐) = [𝐿𝑛(𝐿𝑛(𝑎) − 4𝑎4 𝑏 2 𝑐 )]3

𝑓(𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) = [𝐿𝑛(𝐿𝑛(𝑎) − 4𝑎4 𝑏 2 𝑐)]3

1
𝜕𝑓 − 16𝑎3 𝑏 2 𝑐
4 2 2
= 3[𝐿𝑛(𝐿𝑛(𝑎) − 4𝑎 𝑏 𝑐)] [ 𝑎 ]
𝜕𝑟 𝐿𝑛(𝑎) − 4𝑎4 𝑏 2 𝑐

1 − 16𝑎4 𝑏 2 𝑐
𝜕𝑓 𝑎
= 3[𝐿𝑛(𝐿𝑛(𝑎) − 4𝑎4 𝑏 2 𝑐)]2 [ ]
𝜕𝑟 𝐿𝑛(𝑎) − 4𝑎4 𝑏 2 𝑐

𝜕𝑓 1 − 16𝑎4 𝑏 2 𝑐
= 3[𝐿𝑛(𝐿𝑛(𝑎) − 4𝑎4 𝑏 2 𝑐)]2 [ ]
𝜕𝑟 𝑎(𝐿𝑛(𝑎) − 4𝑎4 𝑏 2 𝑐)

𝜕𝑓 3[𝐿𝑛(𝐿𝑛(𝑎) − 4𝑎4 𝑏 2 𝑐)]2 (1 − 16𝑎4 𝑏 2 𝑐)

=
𝜕𝑟 𝑎(𝐿𝑛(𝑎) − 4𝑎4 𝑏 2 𝑐)

1
8𝑐 9 (𝑎 − 4𝑏)4
3 8𝑐 9 (𝑎 − 4𝑏)4 3
𝑓(𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) = 𝐿𝑛 √ = 𝐿𝑛 ( )
5𝑎5 − 𝑏 3 5𝑎5 − 𝑏 3

4
2𝑐 3 (𝑎 − 4𝑏)3
𝑓 (𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) = 𝐿𝑛 ( 1 )
(5𝑎5 − 𝑏 3 )3
4 1
𝑓(𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) = 𝑙𝑛2 + ln 𝑐 3 + 𝑙𝑛(𝑎 − 4𝑏)3 − 𝑙𝑛(5𝑎5 − 𝑏 3 )3
4 1
𝑓(𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) = 𝑙𝑛2 + 3 ln 𝑐 + 𝑙𝑛(𝑎 − 4𝑏) − 𝑙𝑛(5𝑎5 − 𝑏 3 )
3 3
 𝜕𝑓 4 1 1 25𝑎4
= [ ]− [ ]
𝜕𝑎 3 𝑎 − 4𝑏 3 5 3
5𝑎 − 𝑏

𝜕𝑓 1 4 25𝑎4
= [ − ]
𝜕𝑎 3 𝑎 − 4𝑏 5 3
5𝑎 − 𝑏

𝑓(𝑟, 𝑠, 𝑡) = 𝐿𝑛4 (𝐿𝑛(𝑟 4 𝑠 2 𝑡 4 ) − 8)

𝑓(𝑟, 𝑠, 𝑡) = [𝑙𝑛(4𝑙𝑛𝑟 + 2𝑙𝑛𝑠 + 4𝑙𝑛𝑡 − 8)]4

4
𝜕𝑓 3 𝑟
= 4[𝑙𝑛(4𝑙𝑛𝑟 + 2𝑙𝑛𝑠 + 4𝑙𝑛𝑡 − 8)] [ ]
𝜕𝑟 4𝑙𝑛𝑟 + 2𝑙𝑛𝑠 + 4𝑙𝑛𝑡 − 8

𝜕𝑓 3 4
= 4[𝑙𝑛(4𝑙𝑛𝑟 + 2𝑙𝑛𝑠 + 4𝑙𝑛𝑡 − 8)] [ ]
𝜕𝑟 𝑟(4𝑙𝑛𝑟 + 2𝑙𝑛𝑠 + 4𝑙𝑛𝑡 − 8)
3 3
𝜕𝑓 16 [𝑙𝑛 (𝐿𝑛 (𝑟4 𝑠2𝑡4 ) − 8)] 16𝑙𝑛 (𝐿𝑛 (𝑟4 𝑠2 𝑡4 ) − 8)
= =
𝜕𝑟 4 4
𝑟 (𝐿𝑛 (𝑟4 𝑠2 𝑡 ) − 8) 𝑟 (𝐿𝑛 (𝑟4 𝑠2 𝑡 ) − 8)

5 𝑛 4 𝑝3 3
𝑓(𝑚, 𝑛, 𝑝) = 4𝑒 𝑚 √2𝑚3 𝑛4 𝑝5
5 𝑛 4 𝑝3 1 4 5
𝑓(𝑚, 𝑛, 𝑝) = 22 𝑒 𝑚 23 𝑚𝑛3 𝑝3
7 5 𝑛 4 𝑝3 4 5
𝑓 (𝑚, 𝑛, 𝑝) = 23 𝑒 𝑚 𝑚𝑛3 𝑝3

7 𝑚5 𝑛4 𝑝3 7 𝑚5 𝑛4 𝑝3
𝜕𝑓 4 5 4 5
= 23 𝑒 (𝑛 𝑝 + (𝑚𝑛 𝑝 2 𝑒
3 3) 3 3) 3 (5𝑚4 𝑛4 𝑝3 )
𝜕𝑚
 𝜕𝑓 7 4 5 5 4 3 7 16 14 5 4 3
= 23 𝑛3 𝑝3 𝑒𝑚 𝑛 𝑝 + 23 5𝑚5 𝑛 3 𝑝 3 𝑒𝑚 𝑛 𝑝
𝜕𝑚
𝜕𝑓 7 4 5 5 4 3
= 23 𝑛3 𝑝3 𝑒 𝑚 𝑛 𝑝 [1 + 5𝑚5 𝑛4 𝑝3 ]
𝜕𝑚
𝜕𝑓 5 4 3
= 3√27 𝑛4 𝑝5 𝑒 𝑚 𝑛 𝑝 [1 + 5𝑚5 𝑛4 𝑝3 ]
𝜕𝑚

𝐿𝑛(4𝑎3 𝑏 2 𝑐 4 − 1)
𝑓 (𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) = 3 𝑏 2 𝑐 4 −1
𝑒 4𝑎

3 𝑏 2 𝑐 4 −1 12𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐 4 3 2 4
𝜕𝑓 𝑒 4𝑎 [ 3 2 4 ] − 𝐿𝑛(4𝑎3 𝑏 2 𝑐 4 − 1)𝑒 4𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 −1 (12𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐 4 )
4𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 − 1
= 2
𝜕𝑎 (𝑒 4𝑎
3 𝑏2 𝑐 4 −1
)

12𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐 4 3 2 4 2 2 4
𝜕𝑓 [4𝑎3 𝑏2 𝑐 4 − 1] − 𝐿𝑛(4𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 − 1)(12𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 )
= 3 2 4
𝜕𝑎 𝑒 4𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 −1

2 2 4 1 3 2 4
𝜕𝑓 12𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 (4𝑎3 𝑏 2 𝑐 4 − 1 − 𝐿𝑛(4𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 − 1))
= 3 2 4
𝜕𝑎 𝑒 4𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 −1
𝑎 𝑐 𝑞𝑑 + 𝑏𝑐
+ =
𝑏 𝑑 𝑏𝑑

1 − (4𝑎3 𝑏2 𝑐 4 − 1)𝐿𝑛(4𝑎3 𝑏2 𝑐 4 − 1)
𝜕𝑓 12𝑎2 𝑏 2 𝑐 4 ( )
4𝑎3 𝑏 2 𝑐 4 − 1
= 3 2 4
𝜕𝑎 𝑒 4𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 −1
1
𝜕𝑓 12𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐 4 (1 − (4𝑎3 𝑏 2 𝑐 4 − 1)𝐿𝑛(4𝑎3 𝑏 2 𝑐 4 − 1))
= 3 2 4
𝜕𝑎 𝑒 4𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 −1 (4𝑎3 𝑏2 𝑐 4 − 1)
 4 3 2
𝑒 2𝑒 𝑓 𝑑 +7
𝑓 (𝑑, 𝑒, 𝑓) =
𝐿𝑛(2𝑒 4 𝑓 3 𝑑2 + 7)

4 3 2 2𝑒 4 𝑓3 𝑑 2 +7 (4𝑒 4 3 2𝑒 4 𝑓3 𝑑 2 +7 4𝑒 4 𝑓 3 𝑑
𝜕𝑓 𝐿𝑛(2𝑒 𝑓 𝑑 + 7)𝑒 𝑓 𝑑) − 𝑒 ( 4 3 2
2𝑒 𝑓 𝑑 + 7
)
=
𝜕𝑑 𝐿𝑛2 (2𝑒 4 𝑓 3 𝑑 2 + 7)

4 𝑓 3 𝑑 2 +7 1
𝜕𝑓 𝑒 2𝑒 (4𝑒 4 𝑓 3 𝑑) [𝐿𝑛(2𝑒 4 𝑓 3 𝑑2 + 7) − ]
2𝑒 4 𝑓 3 𝑑 2 +7
=
𝜕𝑑 𝐿𝑛2 (2𝑒 4 𝑓 3 𝑑 2 + 7)

𝑎 𝑐 𝑞𝑑 + 𝑏𝑐
+ =
𝑏 𝑑 𝑏𝑑
4 𝑓 3 𝑑 2 +7 𝐿𝑛(2𝑒 4 𝑓 3 𝑑 2 + 7)(2𝑒 4 𝑓 3 𝑑 2 + 7) − 1
𝜕𝑓 𝑒 2𝑒 (4𝑒 4 𝑓 3 𝑑) [ ]
2𝑒 4 𝑓 3 𝑑 2 + 7
=
𝜕𝑑 𝐿𝑛2 (2𝑒 4 𝑓 3 𝑑 2 + 7)
1

4 𝑓 3 𝑑 2 +7
𝜕𝑓 𝑒 2𝑒 (4𝑒 4 𝑓 3 𝑑)[𝐿𝑛(2𝑒 4 𝑓 3 𝑑 2 + 7)(2𝑒 4 𝑓 3 𝑑 2 + 7) − 1]
=
𝜕𝑑 𝐿𝑛2 (2𝑒 4 𝑓 3 𝑑2 + 7)(2𝑒 4 𝑓 3 𝑑2 + 7)

3
𝑓(𝑑, 𝑒, 𝑓) = 4𝑒 4 + 𝑥 𝑒 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎 𝑎(4𝑑 ) + 4𝑑 3 𝑓 4 𝑒 2 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎 (3𝑒 4 − 3𝑑𝑓)
𝑓(𝑑, 𝑒, 𝑓) = 4𝑒 4 + 𝑥 𝑒 − 4𝑑 3 + 4𝑑 3 𝑓 4 𝑒 2 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎 (3𝑒 4 − 3𝑑𝑓)
𝜕𝑓 3 𝑒 (1) 3 4
12𝑒 3
= 16𝑒 + 𝑥 ln(𝑥) − 8𝑑 𝑓 𝑒 +
𝜕𝑒 (3𝑒 4 − 3𝑑𝑓)𝑙𝑛𝑎

4 𝑙 5 𝑚6 4 𝑙 4 𝑚7 −4)
𝑓(𝑘, 𝑙, 𝑚) = 𝐿𝑛𝑒 √4+𝐾 + 𝑒 𝐿𝑛(4𝐾 + 𝑙𝑛2 (4𝑘 3 + 𝑙4 )
 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑛 𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎(𝑛) = 𝑛
1
𝜕𝑓 4 5 6 2 4 4 3 4 2
= (4 + 𝐾 𝑙 𝑚 ) + 4𝐾 𝑙 𝑚7 − 4 + [𝑙𝑛 (4𝑘 + 𝑙 )]
𝜕𝑘
𝜕𝑓 1 1 12𝑘 2
= (4 + 𝐾 4 𝑙 5 𝑚6 )−2 (4𝐾 3 𝑙 5 𝑚6 ) + 16𝐾 3 𝑙 4 𝑚7 + 2[𝑙𝑛(4𝑘 3 + 𝑙 4 )] 3
𝜕𝑘 2 4𝑘 + 𝑙 4
𝜕𝑓 2𝐾 3 𝑙 5 𝑚6 3 4 7
24𝑘 2 [𝑙𝑛(4𝑘 3 + 𝑙 4 )]
= + 16𝐾 𝑙 𝑚 +
𝜕𝑘 √4 + 𝐾 4 𝑙 5 𝑚6 4𝑘 3 + 𝑙 4
𝜕𝑓 𝑘𝑙 5 𝑚6 12[𝑙𝑛(4𝑘 3 + 𝑙 4 )]
= 2𝑘 2 [ + 8𝑘𝑙 4 𝑚7 + ]
𝜕𝑘 √4 + 𝐾 4 𝑙 5 𝑚6 4𝑘 3 + 𝑙 4

3
𝑓(𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) = 2𝑒 𝑎 − 3𝑎𝑒 − 𝑒 𝑙𝑛𝑎+𝑙𝑛𝑏 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 (2𝑎2 𝑏4 − 4𝑐 5 )

−𝑒 𝑙𝑛(𝑎𝑏) = −𝑎𝑏

4
𝜕𝑓 3 𝑒−1 4𝑎𝑏
= 2𝑒 𝑎 (3𝑎2 ) − 3𝑒𝑎 −𝑏+ 4
𝜕𝑎 (2𝑎2 𝑏 − 4𝑐5 ) 𝑙𝑛(2)

Derivada Total
 𝑤 = 𝑓(𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) = 4𝑎4 𝑏 3 𝑐 2 𝑤 = 𝑓(𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) = 4𝑎4 𝑏 3 𝑐 2
1
𝑎(𝑡) = 3𝑡 2 𝑏(𝑡) = 3√𝑡 = 3𝑡 2 𝑐(𝑡) = 𝑒 𝑡

𝜕𝑓 𝜕𝑓 𝜕𝑓 𝑑𝑤 𝜕𝑓 𝑑𝑎 𝜕𝑓 𝑑𝑏 𝜕𝑓 𝑑𝑐
𝑑𝑤 = 𝑑𝑎 + 𝑑𝑏 + 𝑑𝑐
𝜕𝑎 𝜕𝑏 𝜕𝑐 = + +
𝑑𝑡 𝜕𝑎 𝑑𝑡 𝜕𝑏 𝑑𝑡 𝜕𝑐 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑤 = (𝑤𝑎 )𝑑𝑎 + (𝑤𝑏 )𝑑𝑏 + (𝑤𝑐 )𝑑𝑐
𝑑𝑎 𝑑𝑏 3 −1 𝑑𝑐
= 6𝑡 = 𝑡 2 = 𝑒𝑡
𝜕𝑤 𝜕𝑤 𝜕𝑤 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 2 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑤 = ( ) 𝑑𝑎 + ( ) 𝑑𝑏 + ( ) 𝑑𝑐
𝜕𝑎 𝜕𝑏 𝜕𝑐

𝑑𝑤 = (16𝑎3 𝑏 3 𝑐 2 )𝑑𝑎 + (12𝑎4 𝑏 2 𝑐 2 )𝑑𝑏 + (8𝑎4 𝑏 3 𝑐)𝑑𝑐

𝑑𝑤 = 4𝑎3 𝑏 2 𝑐[(4𝑏𝑐)𝑑𝑎 + (3𝑎𝑐)𝑑𝑏 + (2𝑎𝑏)𝑑𝑐]
𝑑𝑤 3 1
= (16𝑎3 𝑏 3 𝑐 2 )6𝑡 + (12𝑎4 𝑏 2 𝑐 2 ) 𝑡 −2 + (8𝑎4 𝑏 3 𝑐)𝑒 𝑡
𝑑𝑡 2

𝑑𝑤 1 3 2 1 2 2 3 1 1 3
= (16(3𝑡 2 )3 (3𝑡 2 ) (𝑒𝑡 ) ) 6𝑡 + (12(3𝑡 2 )4 (3𝑡 2 ) (𝑒𝑡 ) ) 𝑡 −2 + (8(3𝑡 2 )4 (3𝑡 2 ) (𝑒𝑡 )) 𝑒 𝑡
𝑑𝑡 2

𝑑𝑤 3 3 1 3
= (16(27𝑡 6 ) (27𝑡 2 ) 𝑒2𝑡 ) 6𝑡 + (12(81𝑡 8 )(9𝑡)𝑒2𝑡 ) 𝑡 −2 + (8(81𝑡 8 ) (27𝑡 2 ) 𝑒𝑡 ) 𝑒 𝑡
𝑑𝑡 2
𝑑𝑤 17 17 19
= 69,984𝑡 2 𝑒2𝑡 + 13,122𝑡 2 𝑒2𝑡 + 17,496𝑡 2 𝑒2𝑡
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑤 17 19 17
= 83,106𝑡 2 𝑒2𝑡 + 17,496𝑡 2 𝑒2𝑡 = 4374𝑡 2 𝑒2𝑡(19 + 4𝑡)
𝑑𝑡

Dado lo siguiente
 𝑢 = 𝑥𝑧𝐿𝑛(𝑥𝑦) 𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑤−𝑣 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑤+𝑣 𝑍 = 𝑒 𝑣−𝑤
𝑢 = 𝑥𝑧[𝐿𝑛(𝑥) + ln (𝑦)]
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑦
= 𝑒𝑤−𝑣 (1) = 𝑒𝑣−𝑤 (−1) = 𝑒𝑤+𝑣 (1)
𝑑𝑤 𝑑𝑤 𝑑𝑤

Determine
𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑑𝑧 + 𝑑𝑦
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑦

1 1
𝑑𝑢 = (𝑥𝑧 + [𝐿𝑛(𝑥) + ln (𝑦)]𝑧) 𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥[𝐿𝑛(𝑥) + ln (𝑦)])𝑑𝑧 + (𝑥𝑧 ) 𝑑𝑦
𝑥 𝑦
𝑥𝑧
𝑑𝑢 = (𝑧 + [𝐿𝑛(𝑥) + ln (𝑦)]𝑧)𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥[𝐿𝑛(𝑥) + ln (𝑦)])𝑑𝑧 + ( ) 𝑑𝑦
𝑦
𝑥𝑧
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑧(1 + [𝐿𝑛(𝑥𝑦)])𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥[𝐿𝑛(𝑥𝑦)])𝑑𝑧 + ( ) 𝑑𝑦
𝑦

𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝑑𝑥 𝜕𝑢 𝑑𝑧 𝜕𝑢 𝑑𝑦
= + +
𝜕𝑤 𝜕𝑥 𝑑𝑤 𝜕𝑧 𝑑𝑤 𝜕𝑦 𝑑𝑤
𝜕𝑢 𝑥𝑧
= 𝑧(1 + [𝐿𝑛(𝑥𝑦)])𝑒 𝑤−𝑣 + (𝑥[𝐿𝑛(𝑥𝑦)])(−𝑒 𝑣−𝑤 ) + ( ) 𝑒 𝑤+𝑣
𝜕𝑤 𝑦
𝜕𝑢 𝑒 𝑤−𝑣 𝑒 𝑣−𝑤 𝑤+𝑣
= 𝑒 𝑣−𝑤 (1 + [𝐿𝑛(𝑒 𝑤−𝑣 𝑒 𝑤+𝑣 )])𝑒 𝑤−𝑣 + (𝑒 𝑤−𝑣 [𝐿𝑛(𝑒 𝑤−𝑣 𝑒 𝑤+𝑣 )])(−𝑒 𝑣−𝑤 ) + ( )𝑒
𝜕𝑤 𝑒 𝑤+𝑣
𝜕𝑢
= 𝑒 0 (1 + [𝐿𝑛(𝑒 2𝑤 )]) + (𝑒 𝑤−𝑣 [𝐿𝑛(𝑒 2𝑤 )])(−𝑒 𝑣−𝑤 ) + (𝑒 0 )
𝜕𝑤
𝜕𝑢
= (1 + 2𝑤) + (𝑒 𝑤−𝑣 [2𝑤])(−𝑒 𝑣−𝑤 ) + 1
𝜕𝑤
𝜕𝑢
= (1 + 2𝑤) + (−𝑒 0 [2𝑤]) + 1
𝜕𝑤
𝜕𝑢
= (1 + 2𝑤) − 2𝑤 + 1 = 2
𝜕𝑤

Dado lo siguiente
 𝑞 = 𝑒 2𝑥𝑦𝑧
𝑥 = 𝑙𝑛(𝑠 2 𝑡) 𝑦 = ln(𝑡 2 𝑠) 𝑍 = ln (4𝑠 3 )
𝑥 = 2𝑙𝑛(𝑠) + ln (𝑡) 𝑦 = 2𝑙𝑛(𝑡) + ln (𝑠) 𝑍 = 𝑙𝑛(4) + 3ln (𝑠)
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑𝑧 3
= = =
𝑑𝑠 𝑠 𝑑𝑠 𝑠 𝑑𝑠 𝑠
𝜕𝑞 𝜕𝑞 𝜕𝑞
𝑑𝑞 = 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑑𝑧
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧

𝑑𝑞 = 𝑒2𝑥𝑦𝑧 (2𝑦𝑧)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑒2𝑥𝑦𝑧 (2𝑥𝑧)𝑑𝑦 + 𝑒2𝑥𝑦𝑧 (2𝑦𝑥)𝑑𝑧

𝑑𝑞 = 2𝑒2𝑥𝑦𝑧 [(𝑦𝑧)𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥𝑧)𝑑𝑦 + (𝑦𝑥)𝑑𝑧]

𝜕𝑞 𝜕𝑞 𝑑𝑥 𝜕𝑞 𝑑𝑦 𝜕𝑞 𝑑𝑧
= + +
𝜕𝑠 𝜕𝑥 𝑑𝑠 𝜕𝑦 𝑑𝑠 𝜕𝑧 𝑑𝑠
𝜕𝑞 2 1 3
= 𝑒2𝑥𝑦𝑧 (2𝑦𝑧) + 𝑒2𝑥𝑦𝑧 (2𝑥𝑧) + 𝑒2𝑥𝑦𝑧 (2𝑦𝑥)
𝜕𝑠 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠
𝜕𝑞 2 2𝑥𝑦𝑧
= 𝑒 [2𝑦𝑧 + 𝑥𝑧 + 3𝑦𝑥]
𝜕𝑠 𝑠
𝜕𝑞 2 2𝑙𝑛(𝑠2 𝑡)ln(𝑡2 𝑠)ln (4𝑠3 )
= 𝑒 [2ln(𝑡2 𝑠)ln (4𝑠3 ) + 𝑙𝑛(𝑠2 𝑡)ln (4𝑠3 ) + 3ln(𝑡2 𝑠)𝑙𝑛(𝑠2 𝑡)]
𝜕𝑠 𝑠

Dado lo siguiente
𝑞 = 𝑒 2𝑥𝑦𝑧
𝑥 = 𝑙𝑛(𝑠 2 𝑡) 𝑦 = ln(𝑡 2 𝑠) 𝑍 = ln (4𝑠 3 )
𝑥 = 2𝑙𝑛(𝑠) + ln (𝑡) 𝑦 = 2𝑙𝑛(𝑡) + ln (𝑠) 𝑍 = 𝑙𝑛(4) + 3ln (𝑠)

Dado lo siguiente
𝑝(𝑙, 𝑘) = 𝛼𝑙 𝛽 𝑘1−𝛽
𝜕𝑝 𝜕𝑝
𝑑𝑝 = 𝑑𝑙 + 𝑑𝑘
𝜕𝑙 𝜕𝑘
𝑑𝑝 = [𝛼𝛽𝑙 𝛽−1 𝑘1−𝛽 ]𝑑𝑙 + [𝛼(1 − 𝛽)𝑙 𝛽 𝑘 −𝛽 ]𝑑𝑘

𝑑𝑝 = 𝛼𝑙 𝛽−1 𝑘 −𝛽 ([𝛽𝑘]𝑑𝑙 + [(1 − 𝛽)𝑙]𝑑𝑘)

𝛼𝑙 𝛽−1
𝑑𝑝 = ([𝛽𝑘]𝑑𝑙 + [(1 − 𝛽)𝑙]𝑑𝑘)
𝑘𝛽
 𝑐 1−𝜎 − 1 1
𝑢(𝑐, 𝜎) = = (𝑐1−𝜎 − 1)
1−𝜎 1−𝜎
𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑐 + 𝑑𝜎
𝜕𝑐 𝜕𝜎
(1 − 𝜎)𝑐 −𝜎 (1 − 𝜎)𝑐 1−𝜎 (−1)𝑙𝑛𝑐 − (𝑐1−𝜎 − 1)(−1)
𝑑𝑢 = ( ) 𝑑𝑐 + ( ) 𝑑𝜎
1−𝜎 (1 − 𝜎)2

1 (1 − 𝜎)(−𝑐 1−𝜎 )𝑙𝑛𝑐 + 𝑐 1−𝜎 − 1

𝑑𝑢 = ( ) 𝑑𝑐 + ( ) 𝑑𝜎
𝑐𝜎 (1 − 𝜎)2

1 𝑐1−𝜎 [−(1 − 𝜎)𝑙𝑛𝑐 + 1] − 1

𝑑𝑢 = ( 𝜎 ) 𝑑𝑐 + ( ) 𝑑𝜎
𝑐 (1 − 𝜎)2

1 𝑐1−𝜎 [(𝜎 − 1)𝑙𝑛𝑐 + 1] − 1

𝑑𝑢 = ( ) 𝑑𝑐 + ( ) 𝑑𝜎
𝑐𝜎 (1 − 𝜎)2

1 [𝑙𝑛𝑐 (𝜎−1) + 1] − 1
𝑑𝑢 = ( 𝜎 ) 𝑑𝑐 + ( ) 𝑑𝜎
𝑐 𝑐 𝜎−1 (1 − 𝜎)2

𝑤 = 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2
1
𝑥 = 𝑓(𝑢) = 3𝑢2 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑢) = 4𝑢3 𝑍 = 𝑓(𝑦) = = 𝑦 −1
𝑦
𝜕𝑤 𝜕𝑤 𝑑𝑥 𝜕𝑤 𝑑𝑦 𝜕𝑤 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑦
= + +
𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝜕𝑦 𝑑𝑢 𝜕𝑧 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢
𝜕𝑤
= (2𝑥)(6𝑢) + (2𝑦)(12𝑢2 ) + (2𝑧)(−𝑦−2 )(12𝑢2 )
𝜕𝑢
𝜕𝑤 −2
= (2(3𝑢2 )) (6𝑢) + (2(4𝑢3 )) (12𝑢2 ) + (2𝑦−1 ) (−(4𝑢3 ) ) (12𝑢2 )
𝜕𝑢
𝜕𝑤 −1 −2
= (2(3𝑢2 )) (6𝑢) + (2(4𝑢3 )) (12𝑢2 ) + (2(4𝑢3 ) ) (−(4𝑢3 ) ) (12𝑢2 )
𝜕𝑢
𝜕𝑤 1 1
= 36𝑢3 + 96𝑢5 + (2 ( 𝑢−3 )) (− 𝑢−6 ) (12𝑢2 )
𝜕𝑢 4 16
𝜕𝑤 3
= 36𝑢3 + 96𝑢5 − 7
𝜕𝑢 8𝑢

𝑣 = 𝑓 (𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) = 𝑎𝐿𝑛(𝑏𝑐) = 𝑎𝑙𝑛(𝑏) + 𝑎ln (𝑐)

 1
𝑎 = 𝑓(𝑤) = 𝑒 2𝑤−1 𝑏 = 𝑓(𝑐) = 2
= 𝑐 −2 𝑐 = 𝑓(𝑤) = 𝑒 𝑤+1
𝑐
𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑣 𝑑𝑎 𝜕𝑣 𝑑𝑏 𝑑𝑐 𝜕𝑣 𝑑𝑐
=( ) + +
𝜕𝑤 𝜕𝑎 𝑑𝑤 𝜕𝑏 𝑑𝑐 𝑑𝑤 𝜕𝑐 𝑑𝑤
𝜕𝑣 𝑎 2 𝑎
= (𝑙𝑛(𝑏) + 𝑙𝑛 (𝑐) )(𝑒2𝑤−1 (2)) + ( ) (− 3 ) (𝑒𝑤+1 ) + ( ) 𝑒𝑤+1
𝜕𝑤 𝑏 𝑐 𝑐
𝜕𝑣 𝑤+1 )−2 ) 𝑤+1 )(𝑒 2𝑤−1
𝑒 2𝑤−1 2
= (𝑙𝑛((𝑒 + 𝑙𝑛 (𝑒 ) (2)) + ( 𝑤+1 −2 ) (− 𝑤+1 3 ) (𝑒 𝑤+1 )
𝜕𝑤 (𝑒 ) (𝑒 )
𝑒 2𝑤−1
+ ( 𝑤+1 ) 𝑒 𝑤+1
𝑒
𝜕𝑣 𝑒 2𝑤−1 2 𝑒 2𝑤−1
= (𝑙𝑛(𝑒 −2𝑤−2 ) + 𝑙𝑛 (𝑒 𝑤+1 ) )(2𝑒 2𝑤−1 ) + ( −2𝑤−2 ) (− 3𝑤+3 ) (𝑒 𝑤+1 ) + ( 𝑤+1 ) 𝑒 𝑤+1
𝜕𝑤 𝑒 𝑒 𝑒
𝜕𝑣
= (−2𝑤 − 2 + 𝑤 + 1 )(2𝑒 2𝑤−1 ) + (𝑒 2𝑤−1−(−2𝑤−2) )(−2𝑒 𝑤+1−(3𝑤+3) ) + (𝑒 2𝑤−1 )
𝜕𝑤
𝜕𝑣
= (−𝑤 − 1 )(2𝑒 2𝑤−1 ) + (𝑒 4𝑤+1 )(−2𝑒 −2𝑤−2 ) + (𝑒 2𝑤−1 )
𝜕𝑤
𝜕𝑣
= 2𝑒 2𝑤−1 (−𝑤 − 1 ) − 2(𝑒 2𝑤−1 ) + (𝑒 2𝑤−1 )
𝜕𝑤
𝜕𝑣
= 𝑒 2𝑤−1 [2(−𝑤 − 1 ) − 1]
𝜕𝑤
𝜕𝑣
= 𝑒 2𝑤−1 [−2𝑤 − 3]
𝜕𝑤

Derivada implícita
𝑢 = 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦)
𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑑𝑦
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
0= 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑑𝑦
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
− 𝑑𝑥 = + 𝑑𝑦
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
 𝜕𝑢
𝑑𝑥 𝜕𝑦
=−
𝑑𝑦 𝜕𝑢
𝜕𝑥

𝑢 = 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦)
𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑑𝑦
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦

𝜕𝑢
𝑑𝑦
− 𝜕𝑥 =
𝜕𝑢 𝑑𝑥
𝜕𝑦

10𝑥 2 𝑦 5 + 15𝑥 4 𝑦 3 + 8𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 3
10𝑥 2 𝑦 5 + 15𝑥 4 𝑦 3 + 8𝑥 − 3𝑦 − 3 = 0

𝜕𝑓
𝑑𝑥 𝜕𝑦 50𝑥2 𝑦4 + 45𝑥4 𝑦2 − 3
=− =−
𝑑𝑦 𝜕𝑓 20𝑥𝑦5 + 60𝑥3 𝑦3 + 8
𝜕𝑥

𝑥𝑧2
+ 4𝑦 2 = 0
𝑥 + 2𝑦

𝑥𝑧 2 (𝑥 + 2𝑦)−1 + 4𝑦2 = 0

𝜕𝑓 (𝑥 + 2𝑦)𝑧2 − 𝑥𝑧2 (1) 𝑧2 𝑥 + 2𝑦𝑧2 − 𝑥𝑧2

𝜕𝑦 𝑓 (𝑥 + 2𝑦)2 (𝑥 + 2𝑦)2
= − 𝑥 = 𝜕𝑥 = =
𝜕𝑥 𝑓𝑦 𝜕𝑓 −𝑥𝑧 (𝑥 + 2𝑦) (2) + 8𝑦
2 −2 2𝑥𝑧 2
𝜕𝑦 − + 8𝑦
(𝑥 + 2𝑦)2
 2𝑦𝑧2
𝜕𝑦 (𝑥 + 2𝑦)2 2𝑦𝑧2 𝑦𝑧2
= = =
𝜕𝑥 −2𝑥𝑧 2 + 8𝑦(𝑥 + 2𝑦)2 −2𝑥𝑧 2 + 8𝑦(𝑥 + 2𝑦)2 −𝑥𝑧 2 + 4𝑦(𝑥 + 2𝑦)2
(𝑥 + 2𝑦)2

𝜕𝑓 2𝑦𝑧2
𝜕𝑧 𝑓 (𝑥 + 2𝑦)2 2𝑦𝑧2 (𝑥 + 2𝑦) 𝑦𝑧
= − 𝑥 = − 𝜕𝑥 = − =− =−
𝜕𝑥 𝑓𝑧 𝜕𝑓 2𝑥𝑧 2𝑥𝑧(𝑥 + 2𝑦)2 𝑥(𝑥 + 2𝑦)
𝜕𝑧 𝑥 + 2𝑦

2 4𝑦
𝑒 𝑧−3𝑥 𝑙𝑛 (𝑥 + 4𝑦 2 ) = ln ( 4 )
𝑥 − 3𝑧
2
𝑒 𝑧−3𝑥 𝑙𝑛(𝑥 + 4𝑦 2 ) = 𝑙𝑛(4) + 𝑙𝑛(𝑦) − 𝐿𝑛(𝑥 4 − 3𝑧)
2
(𝑒 𝑧−3𝑥 ) 𝑙𝑛(𝑥 + 4𝑦 2 ) − 𝑙𝑛(4) − 𝑙𝑛(𝑦) + 𝐿𝑛(𝑥 4 − 3𝑧) = 0

2 1 2 2 4𝑥3
𝜕𝑓 (𝑒𝑧−3𝑥 ) 2 +𝑙𝑛(𝑥 + 4𝑦 ) (𝑒
𝑧−3𝑥 ) (−6𝑥) +
𝑑𝑦 𝑥 + 4𝑦 𝑥4 − 3𝑧
= − 𝜕𝑥 = −
𝑑𝑥 𝜕𝑓 2 8𝑦 1
𝜕𝑦 (𝑒𝑧−3𝑥 ) 2−𝑦
𝑥 + 4𝑦

2
𝑒𝑧−3𝑥 2 𝑧−3𝑥2 ) + 4𝑥
3
𝜕𝑓 +𝑙𝑛(𝑥 + 4𝑦 )(−6𝑥𝑒
𝑑𝑦 𝑥 + 4𝑦2 𝑥4 − 3𝑧
= − 𝜕𝑥 =−
𝑑𝑥 𝜕𝑓 8𝑦𝑒𝑧−3𝑥2 1
𝜕𝑦 −
𝑥 + 4𝑦2 𝑦

𝑣𝑒 2𝑡
+ 3𝑤 2 = 1
𝑤 4 − 4𝑣
 𝑣𝑒 2𝑡 (𝑤 4 − 4𝑣)−1 + 3𝑤 2 = 1
𝑣𝑒 2𝑡 (𝑤 4 − 4𝑣)−1 + 3𝑤 2 − 1 = 0

(𝑤4 − 4𝑣)𝑒2𝑡 − 𝑣𝑒2𝑡 (−4) 𝑒2𝑡𝑤4 − 4𝑣𝑒2𝑡 + 4𝑣𝑒2𝑡

𝜕𝑤 𝑓 (𝑤4 − 4𝑣)2 (𝑤4 − 4𝑣)2
=− 𝑣 =− 2𝑡 4 −2 3
=− 2𝑡
𝜕𝑣 𝑓𝑤 −𝑣𝑒 (𝑤 − 4𝑣) (4𝑤 ) + 6𝑤 −4𝑤3 𝑣𝑒
+ 6𝑤
(𝑤4 − 4𝑣)2

𝑒2𝑡 𝑤4 𝑒2𝑡 𝑤4
𝜕𝑤 (𝑤4 − 4𝑣)2 (𝑤4 − 4𝑣)2
=− 2𝑡
=− 2𝑡
𝜕𝑣 −4𝑤3 𝑣𝑒 6𝑤 −4𝑤3 𝑣𝑒 + 6𝑤(𝑤4 − 4𝑣)2
+ 1
(𝑤4 − 4𝑣)2 (𝑤4 − 4𝑣)2

𝜕𝑤 𝑒2𝑡 𝑤4 𝑒2𝑡 𝑤4
=− 2𝑡
= 2𝑡
𝜕𝑣 −4𝑤3 𝑣𝑒 + 6𝑤(𝑤4 − 4𝑣)2 4𝑤3 𝑣𝑒 − 6𝑤(𝑤4 − 4𝑣)2

2 4𝑦
𝑒 𝑧−3𝑥 𝑙𝑛 (𝑥 + 4𝑦 2 ) = ln ( 4 )
𝑥 − 3𝑧

𝑦 2 + 3𝑥 2
𝐿𝑛(3𝑒 𝑍 + 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 ) + =1
𝐿𝑛(𝑥 2 𝑧)

𝑍 2 2)
𝑦 2 + 3𝑥 2
𝐿𝑛(3𝑒 + 3𝑥 𝑦 + −1 = 0
2𝑙𝑛(𝑥) + 𝑙𝑛(𝑧)
−1
𝐿𝑛(3𝑒 𝑍 + 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 ) + (𝑦 2 + 3𝑥 2 )(2𝑙𝑛(𝑥) + 𝑙𝑛(𝑧)) −1=0

(2𝑙𝑛(𝑥) + 𝑙𝑛(𝑧))(6𝑥) 2
6𝑥𝑦 2 1 − (𝑦 2 + 3𝑥 2 ) (𝑥 )
𝜕𝑓 +
𝜕𝑧 3𝑒 𝑍 + 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 [2𝑙𝑛(𝑥) + 𝑙𝑛(𝑧)]2
= − 𝜕𝑥 = − 𝑍
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑓 3𝑒 −2 1
𝜕𝑧 − (𝑦 2 + 3𝑥 2 )(2𝑙𝑛(𝑥) + 𝑙𝑛(𝑧)) (𝑧 )
3𝑒 𝑍 + 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2
 (2𝑙𝑛(𝑥) + 𝑙𝑛(𝑧))(6𝑥 2 ) − (𝑦 2 + 3𝑥 2 )(2)
2
𝜕𝑓 6𝑥𝑦 𝑥
𝜕𝑧 +
3𝑒 𝑍 + 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 𝐿𝑛2 (𝑥 2 𝑧)
= − 𝜕𝑥 =−
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑓 3𝑒 𝑍 (𝑦 2 + 3𝑥 2 )
𝜕𝑧 𝑍 2 2 − 2
3𝑒 + 3𝑥 𝑦 𝑧(2𝑙𝑛(𝑥) + 𝑙𝑛(𝑧))

𝜕𝑓 6𝑥𝑦 2 (2𝑙𝑛(𝑥) + 𝑙𝑛(𝑧))(6𝑥 2 ) − (𝑦 2 + 3𝑥 2 )(2)

𝜕𝑧 𝑍 2 2 +
3𝑒 + 3𝑥 𝑦 𝑥𝐿𝑛2 (𝑥 2 𝑧)
= − 𝜕𝑥 = −
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑓 3𝑒 𝑍 (𝑦 2 + 3𝑥 2 )
𝜕𝑧 𝑍 2 2 −
3𝑒 + 3𝑥 𝑦 𝑧𝐿𝑛2 (𝑥 2 𝑧)

𝑝2 + 3𝑞 2
= 1 − 𝑞𝑒 𝑞
𝐿𝑛(𝑟 2 𝑝)
𝑝2 + 3𝑞 2
2
− 1 + 𝑞𝑒 𝑞 = 0
𝐿𝑛(𝑟 𝑝)
𝑝2 + 3𝑞 2
− 1 + 𝑞𝑒 𝑞 = 0
2 ln(𝑟) + 𝑙𝑛(𝑝)
(𝑝2 + 3𝑞 2 )(2 ln(𝑟) + 𝑙𝑛𝑝)−1 − 1 + 𝑞𝑒 𝑞 = 0

𝜕𝑓 2 −2 2
𝜕𝑞 − (𝑝2 + 3𝑞 ) (2 ln(𝑟) + 𝑙𝑛𝑝) ( 𝑟 )
= − 𝜕𝑟 = −
𝜕𝑟 𝜕𝑓 6𝑞
𝜕𝑞 + 𝑞𝑒𝑞 + 𝑒𝑞 (1)
2 ln(𝑟) + 𝑙𝑛𝑝
 2 (𝑝2 + 3𝑞2 ) 2 (𝑝2 + 3𝑞2 )
− 2 2
𝜕𝑞 𝑟(2 ln(𝑟) + 𝑙𝑛𝑝) 𝑟(2 ln(𝑟) + 𝑙𝑛𝑝)
=− =
𝜕𝑟 6𝑞 𝑒𝑞 (𝑞 + 1) 6𝑞 + (2 ln(𝑟) + 𝑙𝑛𝑝)𝑒𝑞 (𝑞 + 1)
+
2 ln(𝑟) + 𝑙𝑛𝑝 1 2 ln(𝑟) + 𝑙𝑛𝑝

2 (𝑝2 + 3𝑞2 )
2
𝜕𝑞 𝑟 (𝐿𝑛(𝑟2 𝑝)) 2 (𝑝2 + 3𝑞2 ) 𝐿𝑛(𝑟2 𝑝)
= = 2
𝜕𝑟 6𝑞 + (𝐿𝑛(𝑟2 𝑝)) 𝑒𝑞 (𝑞 + 1) 𝑟 (𝐿𝑛(𝑟2 𝑝)) [6𝑞 + (𝐿𝑛(𝑟2 𝑝)) 𝑒𝑞 (𝑞 + 1)]
𝐿𝑛(𝑟2 𝑝)

2
𝜕𝑞 2 (𝑝2 + 3𝑞 )
=
𝜕𝑟 𝑟𝐿𝑛(𝑟2 𝑝) [6𝑞 + (𝐿𝑛(𝑟2 𝑝)) 𝑒𝑞 (𝑞 + 1)]

Derivada de orden superior

𝑤(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝐴𝑥 3 𝑦 3 + 𝐵𝑥 3 𝑦 2 + 𝑐𝑦 2 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 2 + 3𝑦 + 12

𝜕2𝑤
= 𝑤𝑥𝑥
𝜕𝑥 2
𝜕𝑤
= 3𝐴𝑥 2 𝑦 3 + 3𝐵𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 2𝑐𝑦 2 𝑥 + 6𝑥
𝜕𝑥
𝜕2𝑤
= 6𝐴𝑥𝑦3 + 6𝐵𝑥𝑦2 + 2𝑐𝑦2 + 6
𝜕𝑥 2

𝜕2𝑤
= 𝑤𝑦𝑦
𝜕𝑦 2

𝜕𝑤
= 3𝐴𝑥 3 𝑦 2 + 2𝐵𝑥 3 𝑦 + 2𝑐𝑦𝑥 2 + 3
𝜕𝑦
𝜕2𝑤
= 6𝐴𝑥3 𝑦 + 2𝐵𝑥3 + 2𝑐𝑥2
𝜕𝑦 2

𝜕2𝑤
= 𝑤𝑥𝑦
𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑤
= 3𝐴𝑥 2 𝑦 3 + 3𝐵𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 2𝑐𝑦 2 𝑥 + 6𝑥
𝜕𝑥
𝜕2𝑤
= 9𝐴𝑥2 𝑦2 + 6𝐵𝑥2 𝑦 + 4𝑐𝑦𝑥
𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦

𝜕3𝑤
= 𝑤𝑥𝑦
𝜕𝑥 2 𝜕𝑦
𝜕2𝑤
= 6𝐴𝑥𝑦3 + 6𝐵𝑥𝑦2 + 2𝑐𝑦2 + 6
𝜕𝑥 2
𝜕3𝑤
= 18𝐴𝑥𝑦2 + 12𝐵𝑥𝑦 + 4𝑐𝑦
𝜕𝑥 2 𝜕𝑦

𝑤(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝐴𝑥 4 𝑦 4 − 𝐵𝑥 3 𝑦 2 + 2𝑐𝑦 2 𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 2 + 4𝑦 + 12

𝜕2𝑤
= 𝑤𝑥𝑥
𝜕𝑥 2
𝜕𝑤
= 4𝐴𝑥 3 𝑦 4 − 3𝐵𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 6𝑐𝑦 2 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥
𝜕𝑥
𝜕2𝑤
= 12𝐴𝑥2 𝑦4 − 6𝐵𝑥𝑦2 + 12𝑐𝑦2 𝑥 − 4
𝜕𝑥 2

𝜕2𝑤
= 𝑤𝑥𝑦
𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦
𝜕2𝑤
= 16𝐴𝑥3 𝑦3 − 6𝐵𝑥2 𝑦 + 12𝑐𝑦𝑥2
𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦
𝜕3𝑤
= 𝑤𝑦𝑦𝑦
𝜕𝑦 3

𝜕𝑤
= 4𝐴𝑥 4 𝑦 3 − 2𝐵𝑥 3 𝑦 + 4𝑐𝑦𝑥 3 + 4
𝜕𝑦
𝜕2𝑤
= 12𝐴𝑥4 𝑦2 − 2𝐵𝑥3 + 4𝑐𝑥3
𝜕𝑦 2
𝜕3𝑤
= 24𝐴𝑥4 𝑦
𝜕𝑦 3

𝜕3𝑤
= 48𝐴𝑥3 𝑦2 − 6𝐵𝑥2 + 12𝑐𝑥2
𝜕𝑦 2 𝜕𝑥

Dada la siguiente función:

3
𝑤 = √𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2
1
𝑤 = (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )3

Demuestre que
𝜕 2𝑤 𝜕 2𝑤
=
𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑦𝜕𝑥
𝜕𝑤 1 2 2 2 2
= 3(𝑥 + 𝑦 2 )−3 (2𝑥) = 3𝑥(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )−3
𝜕𝑥
𝜕 2𝑤 4 5 8 5
= −9𝑥(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )−3 (2𝑦) = −9𝑥𝑦(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )−3
𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑤 1 2 2 2 2
= 3(𝑥 + 𝑦 2 )−3 (2𝑦) = 3𝑦(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )−3
𝜕𝑦
𝜕 2𝑤 4 5 8 5
= −9𝑦(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )−3 (2𝑥) = −9𝑦𝑥(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )−3
𝜕𝑦𝜕𝑥
𝜕 2𝑤 𝜕 2𝑤
=
𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑦𝜕𝑥
8 5 8 5
−
9
𝑥𝑦(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )−3 = −9𝑦𝑥(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )−3
Dada la siguiente función:
𝑈 = ln (2𝑥 3 + 2𝑦 3 )

Demuestre que
𝜕 2𝑈 𝜕 2𝑈
=
𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑦𝜕𝑥

𝑈 = ln (2𝑥 3 + 2𝑦 3 )
𝜕𝑈 6𝑥 2 3𝑥 2
= 3 = = 3𝑥 2 (𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 )−1
𝜕𝑥 2𝑥 + 2𝑦 3 𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3
𝜕 2𝑈
= −3𝑥 2 (𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 )−2 (3𝑦 2 ) = −9𝑥 2 𝑦 2 (𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 )−2
𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦

𝜕𝑈 6𝑦 2 3𝑦 2
= 3 = = 3𝑦 2 (𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 )−1
𝜕𝑦 2𝑥 + 2𝑦 3 𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3
𝜕 2𝑈
= −3𝑦 2 (𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 )−2 (3𝑥 2 ) = −9𝑥 2 𝑦 2 (𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 )−2
𝜕𝑦𝜕𝑥
𝜕 2𝑈 𝜕 2𝑈
=
𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑦𝜕𝑥
−9𝑥 2 𝑦 2 (𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 )−2 = −9𝑥 2 𝑦 2 (𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 )−2

𝑦 −1
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 = 𝑥𝑒 𝑦𝑥
𝑥𝑓𝑥𝑥 (𝑥, 𝑦) + 𝑦𝑓𝑥𝑦 (𝑥, 𝑦) = 0

𝜕𝑓 −1 −1
= 𝑥𝑒𝑦𝑥 (−𝑦𝑥−2 ) + 𝑒𝑦𝑥 (1)
𝜕𝑥
𝜕𝑓 −1 −1
= 𝑒𝑦𝑥 (−𝑦𝑥−1 ) + 𝑒𝑦𝑥
𝜕𝑥
 𝜕𝑓 −1
= 𝑒𝑦𝑥 [−𝑦𝑥−1 + 1]
𝜕𝑥
𝜕2𝑓 −1 −1
2
= 𝑒𝑦𝑥 [𝑦𝑥−2 ] + [−𝑦𝑥−1 + 1]𝑒𝑦𝑥 (−𝑦𝑥−2 )
𝜕𝑥
𝜕2𝑓 −1
2
= 𝑒𝑦𝑥 ([𝑦𝑥−2 ] + [−𝑦𝑥−1 + 1](−𝑦𝑥−2 ))
𝜕𝑥
𝜕2𝑓 −1
2
= 𝑒𝑦𝑥 (𝑦𝑥−2 + 𝑦2 𝑥−3 − 𝑦𝑥−2 )
𝜕𝑥
𝜕2𝑓 −1
2
= 𝑒𝑦𝑥 (𝑦2 𝑥−3 )
𝜕𝑥

𝜕𝑓 −1
= 𝑒𝑦𝑥 [−𝑦𝑥−1 + 1]
𝜕𝑥

𝜕2𝑓 −1 −1
= 𝑒𝑦𝑥 [−𝑥−1 ] + [−𝑦𝑥−1 + 1]𝑒𝑦𝑥 𝑥−1
𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦
𝜕2𝑓 −1
= 𝑒𝑦𝑥 ([−𝑥−1 ] + [−𝑦𝑥−1 + 1]𝑥−1 )
𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦
𝜕2𝑓 −1
= 𝑒𝑦𝑥 (−𝑥−1 − 𝑦𝑥−2 + 𝑥−1 )
𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦
𝜕2𝑓 −1
= 𝑒𝑦𝑥 (−𝑦𝑥−2 )
𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦

𝑥𝑓𝑥𝑥 (𝑥, 𝑦) + 𝑦𝑓𝑥𝑦 (𝑥, 𝑦) = 0

−1 −1
𝑥[𝑒 𝑦𝑥 (𝑦 2 𝑥 −3 )] + 𝑦[𝑒 𝑦𝑥 (−𝑦𝑥 −2 )] = 0
−1 −1
𝑒 𝑦𝑥 (𝑦 2 𝑥 −2 ) − 𝑒 𝑦𝑥 (𝑦 2 𝑥 −2 ) = 0
0=0

𝜕𝐶 𝑝 𝜕2𝐶
Si 𝐶 = 𝑎𝑒 𝑘𝑥+𝑤𝑡 , demuestre que = (4) [𝜕𝑥 2 ] a condición de que 𝑤 = 𝑝𝑘 2 /4
𝜕𝑡
 𝜕𝐶
= 𝑎𝑒 𝑘𝑥+𝑤𝑡 (𝑘)
𝜕𝑥
𝜕 2𝐶
2
= 𝑎𝑒 𝑘𝑥+𝑤𝑡 (𝑘)(𝑘) = 𝑎𝑘 2 𝑒 𝑘𝑥+𝑤𝑡
𝜕𝑥
𝜕𝐶
= 𝑎𝑒 𝑘𝑥+𝑤𝑡 (𝑤)
𝜕𝑡
𝜕𝐶 𝑝 𝜕 2𝐶
= ( ) [ 2]
𝜕𝑡 4 𝜕𝑥

𝑝
𝑎𝑒 𝑘𝑥+𝑤𝑡 (𝑤) = ( ) [𝑎𝑘 2 𝑒 𝑘𝑥+𝑤𝑡 ]
4
𝑝𝑘 2 𝑝𝑘 2 𝑝 𝑝𝑘 2
𝑘𝑥+( )𝑡 𝑘𝑥+( )𝑡
𝑎𝑒 4 ( ) = ( ) [𝑎𝑘 2 𝑒 4 ]
4 4
𝑝𝑘 2 𝑝𝑘 2
𝑝 𝑘𝑥+( )𝑡 𝑝 𝑘𝑥+( )𝑡
( ) [𝑎𝑘 2 𝑒 4 ] = ( ) [𝑎𝑘 2 𝑒 4 ]
4 4

𝜕2𝐶 𝜕2 𝐶
Si 𝐶 = 𝑎𝑒 𝑘𝑥+𝑤𝑡 , demuestre que = 𝜕𝑥 2 a condición de que 𝑘 = ±𝑤
𝜕𝑡 2

(Difusión) Si se inyecta una sustancia en una vena, su concentración en cualquier punto en la vena variará con
el tiempo t y con la distancia x desde el punto de inyección. Bajo ciertas condiciones, la concentración puede
describirse como una función de la forma
𝑐 2 /𝑎𝑡
𝐶(𝑥, 𝑡) = 𝑒 −𝑥
√𝑡
donde a y c son constantes. Pruebe que C(x, t) satisface la siguiente ecuación

1 𝑥 2 𝑡 −1
− −
𝐶(𝑥, 𝑡) = 𝑐𝑡 2𝑒 𝑎

𝜕𝐶 1 𝑥 2 𝑡 −1 𝑥 2 𝑡 −2 𝑥 2 𝑡 −1 3
− − 1
= 𝑐𝑡 𝑒
2 𝑎 ( ) + 𝑒 𝑎 (−2𝑐𝑡 −2 )
−
𝜕𝑡 𝑎

𝜕𝐶 𝑥 2 𝑡 −1 1 𝑥 2 𝑡 −2 3
1
= 𝑒 𝑎 [ 𝑐𝑡 −2 (
−
) + (−2𝑐𝑡 −2 )]
𝜕𝑡 𝑎
 5
𝜕𝐶 𝑥 2 𝑡 −1 𝑥 2 𝑐𝑡 −2 3
− 1
=𝑒 𝑎 [ + −2𝑐𝑡 −2 ]
𝜕𝑡 𝑎

𝜕𝐶 5 𝑥 2 𝑡 −1 𝑥 2
− − 1
= 𝑐𝑡 𝑒 𝑎 [ + −2𝑡]
2
𝜕𝑡 𝑎
2
𝜕𝐶 𝑎 𝜕 𝐶
=( ) 2
𝜕𝑡 4 𝜕𝑥
5 𝑥 2 𝑡 −1 𝑥2 1 𝑎 𝜕 2𝐶
𝑐𝑡 −2 𝑒 − 𝑎 [ + −2𝑡] = ( ) 2
𝑎 4 𝜕𝑥

Aplicaciones Económicas

(Derivada parcial, total, implícita y superior)

Problema 1: La función de demanda del producto A está dada por:

𝑄𝐷 = 327 + 0.2𝐼 + 0.5𝑝𝐵 − 2p2𝐴

Donde

Q = cantidad demandada en miles de unidades mensuales del bien A

I = Ingreso personal disponible del consumidor (en miles de lempiras)

PA = Precio del producto en lempiras

PB = Precio del producto del bien B relacionado en la demanda del bien A (Lempiras)

Determine
𝑄 = 327 + 0.2𝐼 + 0.5𝑝𝐵 − 2p2𝐴
𝜕𝑄𝐴
= −4𝑝𝐴 = −4(5) = −20
𝜕𝑝𝐴

𝜕𝑄𝐴
= 0.5
𝜕𝑝𝐵
𝐵. 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖0 ↑ 𝑃 𝑙𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑒−↓ 𝑄 𝐿𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑒−↓ 𝐷 𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 (−)

𝐵. 𝑆𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑡𝑜 ↑ 𝑃 𝑇𝑎𝑐𝑜𝑠−↓ 𝑄 𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑜𝑠−↑ 𝐷 𝑒𝑛𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑎𝑠 (+)

𝜕𝑄
= 0.2
𝜕𝐼

Información adicional

𝑝𝐴 = 𝐿 5 𝑝𝐵 = 𝐿 25 𝐼 = 𝐿 50,000
𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡𝑜 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑜
𝑄= ⏞
327 +⏞ ⏞2
0.2𝐼 + 0.5𝑝𝐵 − 2𝑝𝐴

𝑄 = 327 + 0.2(50) + 0.5(25) − 2𝑝𝐴2

Ecuación de demanda: 𝑄 = 349.5 − 2𝑝𝐴2

𝑄 = 349.5 − 2(5)2 = 299.5 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑠 𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠

Elasticidad precio de la demanda

𝜕𝑄𝐴 𝑝𝐴 5 0.33
𝜀= ( ) = −20 ( )=− 𝐼𝑛𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎
𝜕𝑝𝐴 𝑄𝐴 299.5 1
Un incremento de 1% en el precio disminuirá la cantidad demandada en 0.33 %

-4

-1

-0.5
Elasticidad cruzada de la demanda
𝜕𝑄𝐴 𝑝𝐵 25
𝜀𝐶𝐷 = ( ) = 0.5 ( ) = 0.04 𝐵. 𝑠𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑡𝑜: 𝐼𝑛𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑜
𝜕𝑝𝐵 𝑄𝐴 299.5

Elasticidad Ingreso (Bien inferior (-) / Bien Normal (+): Necesarios o lujo)
𝜕𝑄𝐴 𝐼 50
𝜀𝐼 = ( ) = 0.2 ( ) = 0.03 𝐵. 𝑛𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑜
𝜕𝐼 𝑄𝐴 299.5

Problema 2: La función de oferta del producto A está dada por

𝑄0 = −25 − 0.2𝐶 − 0.5𝑝𝐵 + 2p3𝐴

Donde

Q = cantidad ofrecida en millones de unidades anuales del bien A

C = Costo de la materia prima principal (en miles de lempiras por contenedor)

PA = Precio del producto en lempiras

PB = Precio del producto del bien B relacionado en la oferta del bien A, en Lempiras.

Determine
𝜕𝑄𝐴
= 6𝑝𝐴2 = 6(5)2 = 150
𝜕𝑝𝐴

𝜕𝑄𝐴
= −0.5
𝜕𝑝𝐵
𝐵. 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑜 ↑ 𝑃 𝑀𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑎 −↑ 𝑄 𝑚𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑎 −↑ 𝑂 𝐴𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑛 (+)
𝐵. 𝑆𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑡𝑜 ↑ 𝑃 𝑗𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑛 −↑ 𝑄 𝑗𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑛−↓ 𝑂𝑀𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑙𝑎 (−)

𝜕𝑄
= −0.2
𝜕𝐶

Información adicional
𝑝𝐴 = 𝐿 5 𝑝𝐵 = 𝐿 6 𝐶 = 𝐿 250,000
𝑄0 = −25 − 0.2(250) − 0.5(6) + 2𝑝𝐴3

Ecuación de oferta: 𝑄0 = −78 + 2𝑝𝐴3

𝑄 = −78 + 2(5)3 = 172 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠

Elasticidad precio de la oferta

𝜕𝑄𝐴 𝑝𝐴 5 4.36
𝜀= ( ) = 150 ( )= 𝐸𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎
𝜕𝑝𝐴 𝑄𝐴 172 1

Un incremento de 1% en el precio del bien aumentara la cantidad ofrecida en 4.36 %

Elasticidad cruzada de la oferta

𝜕𝑄𝐴 𝑝𝐵 6
𝜀𝐶𝑂 = ( ) = −0.5 ( ) = −0.01 𝐵. 𝑆𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑡𝑜: 𝐼𝑛𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎
𝜕𝑝𝐵 𝑄𝐴 172

Elasticidad costo

𝜕𝑄𝐴 𝐶 250
𝜀𝐶 = ( ) = −0.2 ( ) = −0.29 𝐼𝑛𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎
𝜕𝐶 𝑄𝐴 172
Problema 3
3 1 3 1
𝑃(𝐿, 𝐾) = 10𝐿4 𝐾 4 = 10(4)4 (5)4 = 42.29
𝐿 = 4, 𝐾=5 𝑑𝐿 = 0.5 𝑑𝐾 = 0.25

Producciones marginales
1 1
𝜕𝑃 15 −1 1 15𝐾4 15(5)4
= 𝐿 4 𝐾4 = = = 7.93
𝜕𝐿 2 1
2(4)4
1
2𝐿 4

3 3
𝜕𝑃 5 3 −3 5𝐿4 5(4)4
= 𝐿4 𝐾 4 = = = 2.11
𝜕𝐾 2 3 3
2𝐾4 2(5)4

Derivada total
15 −1 1 5 3 3
𝑑𝑃 = ( 𝐿 4 𝐾 4 ) 𝑑𝐿 + ( 𝐿4 𝐾 −4 ) 𝑑𝐾
2 2
𝑑𝑃 = (7.93)0.5 + (2.11)0.25 = 4.49

Determinar los rendimientos a escala (Teorema de Euler)

𝑓(𝜆𝐿, 𝜆𝐾) = 𝜆𝑛 𝑓(𝐿, 𝐾)
3 1
𝑃(𝐿, 𝐾) = 10𝐿4 𝐾 4
3 1
𝑃(𝜆𝐿, 𝜆𝐾) = 10(𝜆𝐿)4 (𝜆𝐾)4
3 3 1 1
𝑃(𝜆𝐿, 𝜆𝐾) = 10𝜆4 𝐿4 𝜆4 𝐾 4
3 1
𝑃(𝜆𝐿, 𝜆𝐾) = 𝜆 (10𝐿4 𝐾 4 )

Función homogénea (patrón repetitivo) – Rendimientos constante a escala (1)

3 1
𝑃(2,2) = 1024 24 = 20
3 1
𝑃(3,3) = 1034 34 = 30
3 1
𝑃(4,4) = 1044 44 = 40
Tasa marginal de sustitución técnica
𝜕𝑃 15 −14 14
𝐿 𝐾 𝐾 5
𝑇𝑀𝑆𝑇𝐿𝐾 = − 𝜕𝐿
= − 2 3 3 = −3 ( ) = −3 ( ) = −3.75
𝜕𝑃 5 4 −4 𝐿 4
𝜕𝐾 2𝐿 𝐾

2 1
𝑃(𝑞1 , 𝑞2 ) = 𝐿𝑛(𝑞13 𝑞23 )
2 1
𝑃(𝑞1 , 𝑞2 ) = 3𝐿𝑛(𝑞1 ) + 3𝐿𝑛(𝑞2 )

𝜕𝑃 2 𝜕𝑃 1
= =
𝜕 𝑞1 3𝑞1 𝜕 𝑞2 3𝑞2

Problema 4

3 1
𝑃(𝑞1 , 𝑞2 ) = 10√6(𝑞12 + 𝑞22 ) = 10(6𝑞12 + 6𝑞22 )3

1 1
𝑞1 = 4 𝑞2 = 8 𝑑𝑞1 = 𝑑𝑞2 =
2 3
3
𝑃(4,8) = 10 √6((4)2 + (8)2 ) = 78.3

Derivadas parciales
𝜕𝑃 10 2 40𝑞1
= (6𝑞12 + 6𝑞22 )−3 (12𝑞1 ) = 2
𝜕𝑞1 3 (6𝑞 2 + 6𝑞 2 )3 1 2

𝜕𝑃 10 2 40𝑞2
= (6𝑞12 + 6𝑞22 )−3 (12𝑞2 ) = 2
𝜕𝑞2 3
(6𝑞12 +6𝑞22 )3

Deriva total
 40𝑞1 40𝑞2
𝑑𝑃 = ( 2 ) 𝑑𝑞1 + ( 2 ) 𝑑𝑞2
(6𝑞12 + 6𝑞22 )3 (6𝑞12 + 6𝑞22 )3

Tasa marginal de sustitución técnica

𝜕𝑃 40𝑞1
2
𝜕𝑞1 (6𝑞1 + 6𝑞22 )3
2 𝑞1 4
𝑇𝑀𝑆𝑇𝑞1𝑞2 =− =− = − = − = −0.5
𝜕𝑃 40𝑞2 𝑞2 8
2
𝜕𝑞2 2 2
(6𝑞 + 6𝑞 )3
1 2

Determinar los rendimientos a escala (Teorema de Euler)

𝑓(𝜆𝐿, 𝜆𝐾) = 𝜆𝑛 𝑓(𝐿, 𝐾)

3
𝑃(𝜆𝑞1 , 𝜆𝑞2 ) = 10 √6((𝜆𝑞1 )2 + (𝜆𝑞2 )2 )

3 3 2 3
𝑃(𝜆𝑞1 , 𝜆𝑞2 ) = 10 √6(𝜆2 𝑞12 + 𝜆2 𝑞22 ) = 10√𝜆2 6(𝑞12 + 𝑞22 ) = 𝜆3 (10 √6(𝑞12 + 𝑞22 ))

Rendimientos decrecientes a escala

3
𝑃(2,2) = 10 √6((2)2 + (2)2 ) = 36.34
3
𝑃(3,3) = 10 √6((3)2 + (3)2 ) = 47.62 (+11.28)
3
𝑃(4,4) = 10 √6((4)2 + (4)2 ) = 57.69 (+10.07)

Problema 5
Suponga que la función de demanda de un producto está dada por:
25−𝑞
𝑝 = 2ln ( 𝑞+2 ) donde p es el precio en cientos de dólares y q es el número de
toneladas, p= $400

𝜕𝑞 𝑝
𝜀= ( )=
𝜕𝑝 𝑞

25 − 𝑞
𝑝 = 2ln ( )
𝑞+2

25 − 𝑞 2
𝑝 = ln ( )
𝑞+2
 25−𝑞 2
𝑝 ln( )
𝑒 =𝑒 𝑞+2

25 − 𝑞 2
±√𝑒 𝑝 √
= ( )
𝑞+2

25 − 𝑞
𝑝 = 2ln ( )
𝑞+2
𝑝 = 2 ln(25 − 𝑞) − 2 ln(𝑞 + 2)

𝑝 − 2 ln(25 − 𝑞) + 2 ln(𝑞 + 2) = 0

𝜕𝑓
𝜕𝑞 𝜕𝑝 1
=− =−
𝜕𝑝 𝜕𝑓 −1 1
−2 [ ] + 2 [𝑞 + 2]
𝜕𝑞 25 − 𝑞

𝜕𝑓
𝜕𝑞 𝜕𝑝 1
=− =− = −1.42
𝜕𝑝 𝜕𝑓 −1 1
−2 [ ]+ 2[ ]
𝜕𝑞 25 − 1.22 1.22 + 2

4
𝜀 = −1.42 ( ) = −4.65 𝐸𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎
1.22

25 − 𝑞
𝑝 = 2ln ( )
𝑞+2
25 − 𝑞
4 = 2ln ( )
𝑞+2
25 − 𝑞
2 = ln ( )
𝑞+2
25−𝑞
ln( )
𝑒2 = 𝑒 𝑞+2

25 − 𝑞
𝑒2 = ( )
𝑞+2
 25 − 𝑞
7.39 = ( )
𝑞+2
7.39(𝑞 + 2) = (25 − 𝑞)
7.39𝑞 + 14.78 = 25 − q
7.39𝑞 + 𝑞 = 25 − 14.78
8.39𝑞 = 10.22
q = 1.22

Problema 6

Una función de costos conjuntos está dada de la siguiente forma:

𝑐
𝑐+ = 15 + 𝑞𝐴 √𝑞𝐴 + 𝑞𝐵2
√𝑐
Determine el costo marginal con respecto al bien A.
𝑐 = 4 𝑞𝐴 = 2 𝑞𝐵 = 3

𝑐 + √𝑐 − 15 − 𝑞𝐴 √𝑞𝐴 + 𝑞𝐵2 = 0

1 1
𝑐 + 𝑐 2 − 15 − 𝑞𝐴 (𝑞𝐴 + 𝑞𝐵2 )2 = 0

𝜕𝑓 1 1
𝜕𝑐 𝜕𝑞𝐴 − 𝑞𝐴 12(𝑞𝐴 + 𝑞𝐵2 )−2 (1) + (𝑞𝐴 + 𝑞𝐵2 )2 (−1)
=− =− 1
𝜕𝑞𝐴 𝜕𝑓 1 + 12𝑐 −2
𝜕𝑐

𝜕𝑓 1 1 1
1 2 − 2 1 2 − 2
𝜕𝑐 𝜕𝑞𝐴 𝑞𝐴 2(𝑞𝐴 + 𝑞𝐵 ) 2 + (𝑞𝐴 + 𝑞𝐵 )2 2(𝑞𝐴 + 𝑞𝐵 ) 2 (𝑞𝐴 + 2(𝑞𝐴 + 𝑞𝐵 ))
=− = =
1+ 1
1
𝜕𝑞𝐴 𝜕𝑓 1 + 12𝑐 −2 2√𝑐
𝜕𝑐

1 1
1 −
𝜕𝑐 (𝑞 + 𝑞𝐵2 )−2 (3𝑞𝐴 + 2𝑞𝐵2 ) 12((2) + (3)2 ) 2 (3(2) + 2(3)2 )
2 𝐴
= = = 2.89
𝜕𝑞𝐴 1+ 1 1+ 1
2√𝑐 2√4
Dada la siguiente función de utilidad total

𝑢(𝑞𝐴 , 𝑞𝐵 ) = √16+𝑞𝐴2 +𝑞𝐵2 − 1200

Y las funciones de demanda para cada uno de los segmentos de mercado.

5 4
𝑞𝐴 = 𝑞𝐵 =
𝑝𝐴 + 3𝑝𝐵 2𝑝𝐴 + 𝑝𝐵
Información adicional: 𝑝𝐴 = 1, 𝑝𝐵 = 2

Determine:

a. La utilidad marginal con respecto al precio del bien A

𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝑑𝑞𝐴 𝜕𝑢 𝑑𝑞𝐵
= +
𝜕𝑝𝐴 𝜕𝑞𝐴 𝑑𝑝𝐴 𝜕𝑞𝐵 𝑑𝑝𝐴
1
𝑢(𝑞𝐴 , 𝑞𝐵 ) = (16+𝑞𝐴2 +𝑞𝐵2 )2 − 1200

𝑞𝐴 = 5(𝑝𝐴 + 3𝑝𝐵 )−1 𝑞𝐵 = 4(2𝑝𝐴 + 𝑝𝐵 )−1

5 5 4
𝑞𝐴 = = 𝑞𝐵 = =1
1 + 3(2) 7 2(1) + 2

𝜕𝑢 1 1 1 1
= (2(16+𝑞𝐴2 +𝑞𝐵2 )−2 (2𝑞𝐴 )) (−5(𝑝𝐴 + 3𝑝𝐵 )−2 (1)) + (2(16+𝑞𝐴2 +𝑞𝐵2 )−2 (2𝑞𝐵 )) (−4(2𝑝𝐴 + 𝑝𝐵 )−2 (2))
𝜕𝑝𝐴

𝜕𝑢 −5𝑞𝐴 −8𝑞𝐵
= +
𝜕𝑝𝐴 (𝑝 + 3𝑝 )2 (16+𝑞 2 +𝑞 2 )12 (2𝑝 + 𝑝 )2 (16+𝑞 2 +𝑞 2 )12
𝐴 𝐵 𝐴 𝐵 𝐴 𝐵 𝐴 𝐵

𝜕𝑢 −5(57) −8(1)
= 1 + 1 = −0.14
𝜕𝑝𝐴 2 2 2
(16 + (57) 2 2
+ 1(1) ) (1 + 3(2)) (16 + (57) +
2
1(1)2 ) (2(1) + 2)2

b. La utilidad marginal con respecto al precio del bien B

𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝑑𝑞𝐴 𝜕𝑢 𝑑𝑞𝐵
= +
𝜕𝑝𝐵 𝜕𝑞𝐴 𝑑𝑝𝐵 𝜕𝑞𝐵 𝑑𝑝𝐵
1
𝑢(𝑞𝐴 , 𝑞𝐵 ) = (16+𝑞𝐴2 +𝑞𝐵2 )2 − 1200

𝑞𝐴 = 5(𝑝𝐴 + 3𝑝𝐵 )−1 𝑞𝐵 = 4(2𝑝𝐴 + 𝑝𝐵 )−1

5 5 4
𝑞𝐴 = = 𝑞𝐵 = =1
1 + 3(2) 7 2(1) + 2

𝜕𝑢 1 1 1 1
= (2(16+𝑞𝐴2 +𝑞𝐵2 )−2 (2𝑞𝐴 )) (−5(𝑝𝐴 + 3𝑝𝐵 )−2 (3)) + (2(16+𝑞𝐴2 +𝑞𝐵2 )−2 (2𝑞𝐵 )) (−4(2𝑝𝐴 + 𝑝𝐵 )−2 )
𝜕𝑝𝐵
𝜕𝑢 1 1
= ((16+𝑞𝐴2 +𝑞𝐵2 )−2 (𝑞𝐴 )) (−15(𝑝𝐴 + 3𝑝𝐵 )−2 ) + ((16+𝑞𝐴2 +𝑞𝐵2 )−2 (𝑞𝐵 )) (−4(2𝑝𝐴 + 𝑝𝐵 )−2 )
𝜕𝑝𝐵

𝜕𝑢 1 −15(𝑞𝐴 ) −4(𝑞𝐵 )
= (16+𝑞𝐴2 +𝑞𝐵2 )−2 [ 2
+ ]
𝜕𝑝𝐵 (𝑝𝐴 + 3𝑝𝐵 ) (2𝑝𝐴 + 𝑝𝐵 )2
1
𝜕𝑢 5 2
−2 −15(57) −4(1)
= (16 + (7) + (1)2 ) [ 2
+ ] = −0.11
𝜕𝑝𝐵 (1 + 3(2)) (2(1) + 2)2

Determine el rendimiento a escala:

𝑄(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 𝑥𝑦
𝑄(𝜆𝑥, 𝜆𝑦) = (𝜆𝑥)2 (𝜆𝑦) + (𝜆𝑥)2 (𝜆𝑦)2 + (𝜆𝑥)(𝜆𝑦)
𝑄(𝜆𝑥, 𝜆𝑦) = 𝜆2 𝑥 2 (𝜆𝑦) + 𝜆2 𝑥 2 𝜆2 𝑦 2 + 𝜆2 𝑥𝑦
𝑄(𝜆𝑥, 𝜆𝑦) = 𝜆3 𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝜆4 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 𝜆2 𝑥𝑦

𝑄(𝜆𝑥, 𝜆𝑦) = 𝜆2 (𝜆𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝜆2 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 𝑥𝑦) Función heterogénea

𝑄(𝑥, 𝑦) = √𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑥𝑦 − 5𝑥 + 6𝑦

𝑄(𝜆𝑥, 𝜆𝑦) = √(𝜆𝑥)2 + (𝜆𝑦)2 + (𝜆𝑥)(𝜆𝑦) − 5(𝜆𝑥) + 6(𝜆𝑦)

𝑄(𝜆𝑥, 𝜆𝑦) = √𝜆2 𝑥 2 + 𝜆2 𝑦 2 + 𝜆2 𝑥𝑦 − 5(𝜆𝑥) + 6(𝜆𝑦)

𝑄(𝜆𝑥, 𝜆𝑦) = √𝜆2 (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ) + 𝜆2 𝑥𝑦 − 5(𝜆𝑥) + 6(𝜆𝑦)

𝑄(𝜆𝑥, 𝜆𝑦) = 𝜆√(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ) + 𝜆2 𝑥𝑦 − 5(𝜆𝑥) + 6(𝜆𝑦)

 𝑄(𝜆𝑥, 𝜆𝑦) = 𝜆 [√(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ) + 𝜆𝑥𝑦 − 5(𝑥) + 6(𝑦)]

Función heterogénea

Dada la siguiente función de costos total

𝐶(𝑞𝐴 , 𝑞𝐵 ) = (1 + 𝑞𝐴 𝑞𝐵 )2 + (2 + 3𝑞𝐴 𝑞𝐵 )3 − 1500

Y las funciones de demanda para cada uno de los segmentos de mercado.

1
𝑞𝐴 = ln(𝑙𝑛𝑝𝐴 − 𝑝𝐵 ) 𝑞𝐵 = 3√2 − 4𝑝𝐴 𝑝𝐵 = (2 − 4𝑝𝐴 𝑝𝐵 )3
Determine.

A. Costo marginal con respecto al precio del bien A

𝜕𝑐 𝜕𝑐 𝑑𝑞𝐴 𝜕𝑐 𝑑𝑞𝐵
= +
𝜕𝑝𝐴 𝜕𝑞𝐴 𝑑𝑝𝐴 𝜕𝑞𝐵 𝑑𝑝𝐴

𝐶(𝑞𝐴 , 𝑞𝐵 ) = (1 + 𝑞𝐴 𝑞𝐵 )2 + (2 + 3𝑞𝐴 𝑞𝐵 )3 − 1500

1
𝜕𝑐 2 𝑝𝐴
= (2(1 + 𝑞𝐴 𝑞𝐵 )𝑞𝐵 + 3(2 + 3𝑞𝐴 𝑞𝐵 ) (3𝑞𝐵 )) ( )
𝜕𝑝𝐴 𝑙𝑛𝑝𝐴 − 𝑝𝐵

1 2
+ (2(1 + 𝑞𝐴 𝑞𝐵 )𝑞𝐴 + 3(2 + 3𝑞𝐴 𝑞𝐵 )2 3𝑞𝐴 ) (3(2 − 4𝑝𝐴 𝑝𝐵 )−3 (−4𝑝𝐵 ))

𝜕𝑐 1
= (2𝑞𝐵 (1 + 𝑞𝐴 𝑞𝐵 ) + 9𝑞𝐵 (2 + 3𝑞𝐴 𝑞𝐵 )2 ) ( )
𝜕𝑝𝐴 𝑝𝐴 (𝑙𝑛𝑝𝐴 − 𝑝𝐵 )
4 2
+ (2𝑞𝐴 (1 + 𝑞𝐴 𝑞𝐵 ) + 9𝑞𝐴 (2 + 3𝑞𝐴 𝑞𝐵 )2 ) (−3𝑝𝐵 (2 − 4𝑝𝐴 𝑝𝐵 )−3 )

B. El cambio total del costo con respecto a las cantidades del bien A y B
𝜕𝑐 𝜕𝑐
𝑑𝑐 = 𝑑𝑞𝐴 + 𝑑𝑞
𝜕𝑞𝐴 𝜕𝑞𝐵 𝐵
2 2
𝑑𝑐 = (2𝑞𝐵 (1 + 𝑞𝐴 𝑞𝐵 ) + 9𝑞𝐵 (2 + 3𝑞𝐴 𝑞𝐵 ) ) 𝑑𝑞𝐴 + (2𝑞𝐴 (1 + 𝑞𝐴 𝑞𝐵 ) + 9𝑞𝐴 (2 + 3𝑞𝐴 𝑞𝐵 ) ) 𝑑𝑞𝐵

C. El costo marginal con respecto a la cantidad del bien A

𝜕𝑐 2
= (2𝑞𝐵 (1 + 𝑞𝐴 𝑞𝐵 ) + 9𝑞𝐵 (2 + 3𝑞𝐴 𝑞𝐵 ) )
𝜕𝑞𝐴