Programa

‖ |
RK ⎛⎝f , xo , yo , xf , h⎞⎠ ≔ ‖ x ← “ x k ” |
0
‖ | f = dy/dx
‖y ←“ y k ” | xo = Pto. Inicial de x
‖ 0 | yo = Pto. Inicial de y
‖m ←“ k ” | xf = Pto. final de x
‖ 0 | h = espaciamiento
‖ x ← xo |
‖ 1 |
‖ y ← yo |
‖ 1 |
‖ |
‖ m1 ← 0 |
‖ |
‖ n ← ―――xf - xo |
‖ h |
‖ | |
‖ for k ∊ 1 ‥ n ||
‖ ‖x ← x + h ||
‖ ‖ k+1
‖ ‖
k
||
‖ ‖ 1 K ← f ⎛ x , y ⎞ ||
‖ ‖
⎜
⎝ k k⎟
⎠ ||
⎛
‖ ‖K ←f x + h ,y + h ⋅K ⎞ ||
‖ ‖ 2 ⎜ ― ― ⎟ ||
‖ ‖ ⎝ k 2 k 2 1
⎠ ||
‖ ‖ ⎛ h h ⎞ ||
‖ ‖ K3 ← f ⎜xk + ―, yk + ―⋅ K2⎟ ||
‖ ‖ ⎝ 2 2 ⎠ ||
‖ ‖ K ← f ⎛x ,y +h⋅K ⎞ ||
‖ ‖ 4 ⎜⎝ k + 1 k 3⎟
⎠ ||
‖ ‖ ||
1 ⎛ ⎞ |
‖ ‖ Φ ← ―⋅ K + 2 ⋅ K + 2 ⋅ K + K | |
‖ ‖ 6 ⎜⎝ 1 2 3 4⎟
⎠|
‖ y ‖ ||
←y +h⋅Φ ||
‖ ‖ k+1 k
‖ ‖m ||
‖ ‖
← m + 1 ||
‖ k+1 k
||
‖ ⟨⟩ |
‖ R⟨0⟩ ← m |
‖ ⟨⟨1⟩⟩ |
‖ R⟨ ⟩ ← x |
⟨2⟩
‖R ←y |
‖ |
‖ R |
Método de Runge-Kutta
 2
4.895 ⋅ 0.1
C ≔ ―――― = 0.0122375
4

Solución:
f = dy/dx
Aplicación del Programa 1
f ⎛⎝x , y⎞⎠ ≔ ―⋅ ‾
x ⋅ ⎛⎝x - 10⎞⎠ xo = Pto. Inicial de x
yo = Pto. Inicial de y
C xf = Pto. final de x
h = espaciamiento

xo ≔ 4 yo ≔ 0 xf ≔ 3 h ≔ -0.1

⎡“ k ” “ x k ” “y k” ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 4 0 ⎥
⎢ 1 3.9 98.2541144082 ⎥
⎢ 2 3.8 196.8598280753 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 3 3.7 295.7588526228 ⎥
⎢ 4 3.6 394.8913960851 ⎥
RK ⎛⎝f , xo , yo , xf , h⎞⎠ = ⎢
5 3.5 494.1960708146 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 6 3.4 593.6097927318 ⎥
⎢ 7 3.3 693.06767082 ⎥
⎢ ⎥ Se obtiene: Cuando h = 3 m habrá
⎢ 8 3.2 792.5028855831 ⎥
transcurrido 991.0275860301 s
⎢ 9 3.1 891.8465549726 ⎥
⎢⎣ 10 3 991.0275860301 ⎥⎦ Trk ≔ 991.0275860301 s
 ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 8 3.2 792.5028855831 ⎥
⎢ 9 3.1 891.8465549726 ⎥
⎢⎣ 10 3 991.0275860301 ⎥⎦ Trk ≔ 991.0275860301 s

nf ≔ rows ⎛⎝RK ⎛⎝f , xo , yo , xf , h⎞⎠⎞⎠ k ≔ 1 ‥ nf - 1

⟨⟨1⟩⟩ ⟨⟨2⟩⟩

x ≔ RK ⎛⎝f , xo , yo , xf , h⎞⎠ y ≔ RK ⎛⎝f , xo , yo , xf , h⎞⎠

1⋅10³
900
800
700
600
500
y 400
k
300
200
100
0

3 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4 4.2

x
k
 3 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4 4.2
x
k

3
y ⌠
⌠ 1
⌡ 1 d y ＝ ⎮― ⋅ ‾
x ⋅ ⎛⎝x - 10⎞⎠ d x
⎮
0 ⌡C
4

4
⌠
1
y ＝ ⎮ ―⋅ ‾
x ⋅ ⎛⎝10 - x⎞⎠ d x
⎮C
⌡ 4
3 ⌠
1
⎮― ⋅ ‾
x ⋅ ⎛⎝10 - x⎞⎠ d x = 991.0275864518
⎮C
⌡
3

4
⌠
1
y ＝ ⎮ ―⋅ ‾
x ⋅ ⎛⎝10 - x⎞⎠ d x
⎮C
⌡
3

Ta ≔ 991.02758645 s

||Ta - Trk||
pE ≔ ――― ⋅ 100 = 0.0000000424
Ta

Tiempo para que el tanque se quede vacío ( Tiempo de vaciado de un tanque)

Solución: xo ≔ 4 yo ≔ 0 xf ≔ 0 h ≔ -0.25

⎡“ k ” “ x k ” “y k” ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 4 0 ⎥
⎢ 1 3.75 246.2763744815 ⎥
⎢ 2 3.5 494.1960646885 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 3 3.25 742.7923558003 ⎥
⎢ 4 3 991.0275700129 ⎥
⎢ 5 2.75 1237.7801122253 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 6 2.5 1481.8276734832 ⎥
⎢ 7 2.25 1721.8249427997 ⎥
RK ⎛⎝f , xo , yo , xf , h⎞⎠ = ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 8 2 1956.2732052134 ⎥
⎢ 9 1.75 2183.4774628042 ⎥
⎢ 10 1.5 2401.4834008066 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 11 1.25 2607.9797056648 ⎥
⎢ 12 1 2800.1357611628 ⎥
⎢ 13 0.75 2974.3045001458 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 9 1.75 2183.4774628042 ⎥
⎢ 10 1.5 2401.4834008066 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 11 1.25 2607.9797056648 ⎥
⎢ 12 1 2800.1357611628 ⎥
⎢ 13 0.75 2974.3045001458 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 14 0.5 3125.39269378 ⎥
⎢ 15 0.25 3245.1368313202 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎣ 16 0 3309.2851422784 ⎦
Trk ≔ 3309.2851422784 s

Ta ≔ 3312.2233571672 s

||Ta - Trk||
pE ≔ ――― ⋅ 100 = 0.0887082353
Ta