EJEMPLOS DE FACTORIZACIONES

FACTOR COMUN

1. 4x - 8y = 4(x-2y)
2. 24a - 12ab = 12a(2-b)
3. 10x - 15x2 =5x(2-3x)
4. 8a3 - 6a2 =2a2(4a-3)
5. 14a - 21b + 35 =7(2a-3b+5)
6. 3ab + 6ac - 9ad =3a(b+2c-3d)
7. 10p2q3 + 14p3q2 - 18p4q3 - 16p5q4 =2p2q2(5q+7p-9p2q-8p3q2)
8. a (x + 1) + b ( x + 1 ) = (x+1) (a + b)
9. x2( p + q ) + y2( p + q ) = (p + q)(x2 +y2)
10. (x + y )(n + 1 ) - 3 (n + 1 ) = (n +1) ((x+y)-3)= (n +1) (x + y -3)
11. x (2a + b + c ) − 2a − b − c = x(2a + b + c) – (2a +b +c) = (2a + b +c)( x – 1)
12. 55m 2 n 3 x + 110m 2 n 3 x 2 − 220m 2 y 3 = 55m2(n3x + 2n3x2 – 4y3)

DIFERENCIA DE CUADRADOS

1. 9a2 - 25b2 = (3a + 5b ) (3a - 5b)

2. 4x2 - 1 = (2x + 1)(2x - 1)
3. 36m2n2 - 25 = (6mn + 5)(6mn - 5)
4. 9 2 49 2 (3/5a + 7/6b) (3/5a - 7/6b)
a − b =
25 36
5. 3x2 - 12 = 3(x2 - 4) =3(x + 2)(x - 2)
6. 45m3n - 20mn =5mn(9m2 -4) = 5mn(3m + 2)(3m - 2)
7. 25 − 36b 6 = (5 + 6b3)( 5 - 6b3)
8. a 2 b 8 − 169 = (ab4 + 13)(ab4 – 13)
9. 100 − c 2 y 10 = (10 +cy5)(10 – cy5)
10. 1 − 9a 2 b 4 c 6 d 10 = (1 + 3ab2c3d5)( 1 - 3ab2c3d5)

SUMA Y DIFERENCIA DE CUBOS

X3 + Y3 =(x + y)(x2 – xy + y2) SUMA DE CUBOS

X3 – Y3 =(x – y)(x2 +xy + y2) DIFERENCIA DE CUBOS
𝑥 3 ± 𝑦 3 = (𝑥 ± 𝑦)(𝑥 2 ∓ 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 )

1. 64 – x3 = (4 – x)(16 + 4x + x2)
2. 27m3 + 8n6 = (3m + 2n2)(9m2 – 6mn2 + 4n4)
3. x6 – y6 = (x3+y3)(x3-y3)
a. (x+y)(x2-xy+y2)(x-y)(x2+xy+y2)
4. a 3 − 1 = (a-1)(a2+a+1)
5. 27 x 3 − 64 = (3x - 4)(9x2+12x+16)
TRINOMIO FORMA x2+bx+c

x2+bx+c =(x + d)(x +e) → d+e=b de=c

1. x 2 + 7 x + 10 = (x + 5)(x + 2)
2. x 2 − 5x + 6 = (x-3)(x-2)
3. x 2 + 3x − 10 = (x+5)(x-2)
4. a 2 + 4a + 3 = (a+3)(a+1)
5. m 2 + 5m − 14 = (m+7)(m-2)
6. y 2 − 9 y + 20 = (y-5)(y-4)
7. y 6 − 6 y 3 − 7 = (y3-7)(y3+1)
8. . y 8 − 2 y 4 − 80 = (y4-10)(y4+8)
9. x 2 y 2 + xy − 12 = (xy+4)(xy-3)
10. x 2 + 2ax − 15a 2 = (x+5a)(x-3a)
11. a 2 − 4ab − 21b 2 = (a-7b)(a+3b)
12. m 2 + mn − 56n 2 = (m+ 8n)(m- 7n)
13. a 4 b 4 − 2a 2 b 2 − 99 = (a2b2-11)(a2b2+9)
14. a 2 − 21ab + 98b 2 = (a-14b)(a-7b)

𝑇𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑜 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄

Demostracion
𝒂 𝒂𝟐 𝒙𝟐 +𝒂𝒃𝒙+𝒂𝒄
𝒎𝒖𝒍𝒕𝒊𝒑𝒍𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒓 𝒚 𝒅𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒅𝒊𝒓 𝒑𝒐𝒓 𝒂: (𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄) =
𝒂 𝒂

(𝒂𝒙)𝟐 + 𝒃(𝒂𝒙) + 𝒂𝒄
𝒓𝒆𝒆𝒔𝒄𝒓𝒊𝒃𝒊𝒓 𝒍𝒂 𝒆𝒙𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝒂
𝒔𝒆𝒂𝒏 𝒂𝒙 = 𝑿 𝒚 𝒂𝒄 = 𝑪

𝑿𝟐 + 𝒃𝑿 + 𝑪
𝒔𝒖𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒕𝒖𝒚𝒆𝒏𝒅𝒐
𝒂
Ejemplos:

Factorizar 6x2+7x+2

𝟑𝟔𝒙𝟐 + 𝟕(𝟔𝒙) + 𝟏𝟐 (𝟔𝒙 + 𝟒)(𝟔𝒙 + 𝟑)

= = (𝟑𝒙 + 𝟐)(𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏)
𝟔 𝟔

FACTORIZAR 5t 2 + 13t − 6 =

𝟐𝟓𝒕𝟐 + 𝟏𝟑(𝟓𝒕) − 𝟑𝟎 (𝟓𝒕 + 𝟏𝟓)(𝟓𝒕 − 𝟐)

= = (𝒕 + 𝟑)(𝟓𝒕 − 𝟐)
𝟓 𝟓
Factorizar 5t2+13t+6

𝟐𝟓𝒕𝟐 + 𝟏𝟑(𝟓𝒕) + 𝟑𝟎 (𝟓𝒕 + 𝟏𝟎)(𝟓𝒕 + 𝟑)

= = (𝒕 + 𝟐)(𝟓𝒕 + 𝟑)
𝟓 𝟓