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Verbos irregulares más comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción.

Al final del file hay una página con todos los “ Símbolos Fonéticos”.

Los verbos irregulares tienen formas propias que se deben aprender de memoria.

Damos un elenco de los verbos irregulares más comunes.

El “ past simple” traduce el pretérito perfecto y el pretérito imperfecto.

Por lo tanto,“I went ” puede significar = yo fui o bien yo iba.

Base Form Past Simple Past Participle

be bi: was/were woz- w¨: been bi:n ser; estar

beat bi:t beat bi:t beaten bi:tn golpear

become bikúm became bikeim become bikúm volverse

begin bigin began bigAn begun bigún empezar

bend bend bent bent bent bent doblar -se

bind baind bound baund bound baund atar; encuadernar

bite bait bit bit bitten bitEn morder

bleed bli:d bled bled bled bled sangrar

blow blou blew blu: blown bloun soplar

break breik broke brouk broken broukEn romper

bring briN brought bro:t brought bro:t traer

build bild built bilt built bilt construir

burn b¨:n burnt b¨:nt burnt b¨:nt quemar -se

buy bai bought bo:t bought bo:t comprar

catch kAtS caught ko:t caught ko:t agarrar, coger

choose tSu:z chose tSouz chosen tSouzEn elegir
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Verbos irregulares más comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción.

Base Form Past Simple Past Participle

come kúm came keim come kúm venir

cost kost cost kost cost kost costar

cut kút cut kút cut kút cortar

deal di:l dealt delt dealt delt tratar

dig dig dug dúg dug dúg cavar

do du: did did done dún hacer

draw dro: drew dru: drawn dro:n dibujar; tirar de

dream dri:m dreamt dremt dreamt dremt soñar

dream dri:m dreamed dri:md dreamed dri:md soñar

drink driNk drank drANk drunk drúNk beber

drive draiv drove drouv driven drivEn conducir

eat i:t ate eit eaten i:tEn comer

fall fo:l fell fell fallen fo:lEn caer -se

feed fi:d fed fed fed fed alimentar

feel fi:l felt felt felt felt tocar, sentir

fight fait fought fo:t fought fo:t luchar

find faind found faund found faund encontrar

fly flai flew flu: flown floun volar

forget fEget forgot fEgot forgotten fEgotEn olvidar -se

forgive fEgiv forgave fEgeiv forgiven fEgivEn perdonar

freeze fri:z froze frouz frozen frouzEn helar; congelar

get get got got got got conseguir, volverse
get get got got gotten gotEn conseguir, volverse
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Verbos irregulares más comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción.

Base Form Past Simple Past Participle

give giv gave geiv given givEn dar

go gou went went gone gon ir -se

grind graind ground graund ground graund moler

grow grow grew gru: grown groun crecer; cultivar

hang hAN hung húN hung húN colgar

hang hAN hanged hANd hanged hANd colgar

have hAv had hAd had hAd haber; tener

hear hiE heard h¨:d heard h¨:d oír

hide haid hid hid hidden hidEn esconder -se

hit hit hit hit hit hit golpear

hold hould held held held held tener; agarrar

hurt h¨:t hurt h¨:t hurt h¨:t hacer daño

keep ki:p kept kept kept kept guardar, tener

know nou knew nju: known noun saber, conocer

lay lei laid leid laid leid poner

lead li:d led led led led dirigir; llevar

learn l¨:n learnt l¨:nt learnt l¨:nt aprender

learn l¨: learned l¨:nd learned l¨:nd aprender

leave li:v left left left left dejar; salir

lend lend lent lent lent lent prestar

let let let let let let permitir; dejar

lie lai lay lei lain lein echarse, acostarse

lose lu:z lost lost lost lost perder
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Verbos irregulares más comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción.

Base Form Past Simple Past Participle

make meik made meid made meid hacer

mean mi:n meant ment meant ment significar

meet mi:t met met met met encontrar -se

pay pei paid peid paid peid pagar

put put put put put put poner, meter

read ri:d read red read red leer

ride raid rode roud ridden ridEn montar

ring riN rang rAN rung rúN sonar

rise raiz rose rouz risen rizEn salir (sol), aumentar

run rún ran rAn run rún correr

say sei said sed said sed decir

see si: saw so: seen si:n ver

sell sel sold sould sold sould vender

send send sent sent sent sent enviar

set set set set set set poner

shake Seik shook Suk shaken SeikEn agitar

shine Sain shone Son shone Son brillar

shoot Sut shot Sot shot Sot disparar

show Sou showed Soud shown Soun mostrar

shut Sút shut Sút shut Sút cerrar –se

sing siN sang sAN sung súN cantar

sink siNk sank sANk sunk súNk hundir –se
sit sit sat sAt sat sAt sentar –se
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Verbos irregulares más comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción.

Base Form Past Simple Past Participle

sleep sli:p slept slept slept slept dormir

smell smel smelt smelt smelt smelt oler

smell smel smelled smeld smelled smeld oler

speak spi:k spoke spouk spoken spoukEn hablar

spell spel spelt spelt spelt spelt deletrear

spend spend spent spent spent spent gastar; pasar

spill spil spilt spilt spilt spilt derramar

spill spil spilled spild spilled spild derramar

spit spit spat spAt spat spAt escupir

spit spit spit spit spit spit escupir

split split split split split split dividir, partir

spoil spoil spoilt spoilt spoilt spoilt estropear -se

spoil spoil spoiled spoild spoiled spoild estropear -se

stand stAnd stood stud stood stud estar de pie

steal sti:l stole stoul stolen stoulEn robar

strike straik struck strúk struck strúk golpear

swim swim swam swAm swum swúm nadar

take teik took tuk taken teikEn tomar -se

teach ti:tS taught to:t taught to:t enseñar

tear teE tore to: torn to:n romper -se

tell tel told tould told tould decir; contar

think †iNk thought †o:t thought †o:t pensar

throw †rou threw †ru: thrown †roun lanzar
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Verbos irregulares más comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción.

Base Form Past Simple Past Participle

understand understood understood comprender

úndEstAnd úndEstud úndEstud

wake weik woke wouk woken woukEn despertar -se

wear weE wore wo: worn wo:n llevar (puesto)

win win won wún won wún ganar, vencer
write rait wrote rout written ritEn escribir

Verbos irregulares menos comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción.

Base Form Past Simple Past Participle

arise Eraiz arose Erouz arisen ErizEn surgir

awake Eweik awoke Ewouk awoken EwoukEn despertar -se

bear beE bore bo: born bo:n portar; dar a luz

soportar
to be born ser dado a luz

I was born... Yo fui dado a luz

bet bet bet bet bet bet apostar

bid bid bid bid bid bid pujar

breed bri:d bred bred bred bred criar

broadcast broadcast broadcast emitir, transmitir

bro:dka:st bro:dka:st bro:dka:st

burst b¨:st burst b¨:st burst b¨:st estallar
cast ka:st cast ka:st cast ka:st tirar, arrojar
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Verbos irregulares menos comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción.

Base Form Past Simple Past Participle

cling kliN clung klúN clung klúN aferrarse

creep kri:p crept krept crept krept moverse lentamente;
arrastrarse
forsake fEseik forsook fEsuk forsaken fEseikEn abandonar

kneel ni:l knelt nelt knelt nelt arrodillarse

knit nit knit nit knit nit tejer, tricotar

lean li:n leant lent leant lent apoyarse

lean li:n leaned li:nd leaned li:nd apoyarse

leap li:p leapt lept leapt lept saltar

leap li:p leaped li:pt leaped li:pt saltar

light lait lit lit lit lit encender -se

light lait lighted laitid lighted laitid encender -se

rid rid rid rid rid rid librar, librarse de
seek si:k sought so:t sought so:t buscar

shed Sed shed Sed shed despojarse de (hojas)

Sed perder (peso)

shrink SriNk shrank SrANk shrunk SrúNk encoger –se

slide slaid slid slid slid slid resbalar
viajar a gran
speed spi:d sped sped sped sped
velocidad; superar
speed spi:d speeded spi:did speeded spi:did los limites de
velocidad
spin spin spun spún spun spún hacer girar; hilar,
spread spred spread spred spread spred extender -se

spring spriN sprang sprAN sprung sprúN saltar

stride straid strode stroud stridden stridEn andar a zancadas
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Verbos irregulares menos comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción.

Base Form Past Simple Past Participle

string striN strung strúN strung strúN encordar; ensartar

strive straiv strove strouv striven strivEn esforzarse
swear sweE swore swo: sworn swo:n jurar, insultar
sweep swi:p swept swept swept swept barrer
swollen swolEn hincharse, crecer
swell swel swelled sweld
swelled sweld (un río)

swing swiN swung swúN swung swúN balancear -se

thrive †raiv throve †rouv thriven †rivEn prosperar

thrive †raiv thrived †raivd thrived †raivd prosperar
thrust †rúst thrust †rúst thrust †rúst empujar con fuerza
tread tred trod trod trod trod pisar
trodden trodEn
undertake undertook undertaken
emprender (trabajo)
úndEteik úndEtuk úndEteikEn
weave wi:v wove wouv woven wouvEn tejer
weep wi:p wept wept wept wept llorar

wet wet wet wet wet wet mojar

wet wet wetted wettid wetted wettid mojar

wind waind wound waund wound waund enrollar

wring wriN wrung wrúN wrung wrúN torcer
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PHONETIC SYMBOLS =símbolos fonéticos

ú sun sol = a
A cat gato = un sonido entre la a y la e
a: car coche = a larga
E a boy un muchacho = sonido neutro
e pen pluma = e corta
i six seis = i corta
i: tree árbol = i larga
o not no = o corta
o: short corto = o larga
u put poner = u corta
u: food comida = u larga
¨: girl muchacha = sonido neutro largo
ou go ir = sonido neutro, seguido de u
j yes si = i marcada

s books libros = s
z zero cero = no existe en español
T that aquél = d con la lengua entre los dientes.
† thing cosa = sonido obtenido soplando con la
lengua entre los dientes.
tS child niño = chi
dZ Jane --- = como en el nombre italiano Gina
g good bueno = g como en la palabra “ gamba”
S fish pez = no existe en español
N king rey = n como en la palabra Congo
h house casa = h aspirada
w whisky whisky - - -
Z pleasure placer j como en la palabra francesa je

: Los dos puntos indícan que el sonido vocálico es largo.