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Grupo N.º 1
Cargas Sobre la Cercha
Cercha Propuesta
18 kg kg
qfibrocemento ≔ ――――――― = 10.922 ――
1600 mm ⋅ 1030 mm m2
#nudos ≔ 7
kg
Carga_permanente ≔ peso_propio + qfibrocemento + peso_correa = 40.922 ――
m2
Espaciamiento_entre_cerchas ≔ 2 m 11 cerchas
Proyecto de Maderas
Grupo N.º 1
kg km
sobrecarga_de_techo ≔ 50 ⋅ ―― V ≔ 70 ―― (Velocidad del viento en SC)
m2 hr
⎛ V2 ⎞
⎜―― ⋅ 1.75⎟
⎝ 16.3 ⎠ kg kg
w' ≔ ―――― 2
⋅ ――2
= 40.592 ――
m m m2
――
s2
P ≔ W + D + Ls = 316.446 kg
4
5
3
2 6
7
1
8 9 10 11 12
N12 ≔ 2.05 tn C
Proyecto de Maderas
Grupo N.º 1
N12 ≔ 2.05 tn C
N23 ≔ 1.64 tn T
N28 ≔ 0 tn
N29 ≔ 0.41 tn C
N34 ≔ 1.64 tn C
N39 ≔ 0.32 tn C
N49 ≔ 0.61 tn T
N410 ≔ 0 tn
N18 ≔ 0.25 tn T
N89 ≔ 0.25 tn T
N910 ≔ 0.5 tn C
*Nota: Se eliminaran los elementos sobres los cuales no se produzcan esfuerzos normales
quedando la cercha de la siguiente manera:
km m
Cargas V ≔ 70 ―― = 19.444 ―
hr s
kg
D ≔ ⎛⎝qfibrocemento + peso_correa⎞⎠ ⋅ 0.3 m = 6.277 ――
m
L≔2 m
kg kg
Lr ≔ 50 ――2
⋅ 0.3 m ⋅ cos ((α)) = 13.808 ―
m m
⎛ V2 ⎞
⎜―― ⋅ 1.75⎟
⎝ 16.3 ⎠ kg kg
w' ≔ ―――― ⋅ ―― = 40.592 ――
m2 m2 m2
――
s2
kg
w ≔ w' ⋅ 0.3 m ⋅ sin ((α)) = 4.758 ―
m
kg
Q ≔ D + Lr + w = 24.842 ―
m
Q ⋅ L2
M ≔ ―― = 12.421 kg ⋅ m
8
Q⋅L
V ≔ ――= 24.842 kg
2
Verificación a flexión
kg
fm ≔ 100 ―― b ≔ 4 cm h ≔ 6.5 cm
cm 2
b ⋅ h2
z ≔ ――
6
M kg
f'm ≔ ―= 44.099 ―― ok
z cm 2
Verificación a corte
3 V kg
f'v ≔ ―⋅ ―― = 1.433 ――
2 b⋅h cm 2
kg
fc ≔ 8 ―― ok
cm 2
Proyecto de Maderas
Grupo N.º 1
Verificación a Deflexion
L kg b ⋅ h3
―― = 8 mm E ≔ 55000 ―― I ≔ ――= 91.542 cm 4 L=2 m
250 cm 2 12
5 ⋅ Q ⋅ L4
Δ ≔ ―――= 10.279 mm Instantanea OK
384 ⋅ E ⋅ I
ΔD ≔ 1.8 Δ = 18.503 mm Diferida OK
kg kg
qx ≔ Q = 24.842 ― qy ≔ Q ⋅ tan ((30 deg )) = 14.343 ―
m m
b2 ⋅ h
zx ≔ z = 28.167 cm 3 zy ≔ ――= 17.333 cm 3
6
qx ⋅ L 2 qy ⋅ L 2
Mx ≔ ――― = 12.421 kg ⋅ m My ≔ ――― = 7.171 kg ⋅ m
8 8
Mx My kg kg
―― + ―― = 85.472 ―― ok fm = 100 ――
zx zy cm 2 cm 2
Proyecto de Maderas
Grupo N.º 1
0.6 m
L1 ≔ ――― = 1.536 m
sin ((α))
L2 ≔ L1 = 1.536 m
L3 ≔ L2 = 1.536 m
Sección
b ≔ 6.5 cm h ≔ 9 cm d≔h
A ≔ b ⋅ h = 58.5 cm 2
⎛⎝b ⋅ h 3 ⎞⎠ b ⋅ h2
I ≔ ――― = 394.875 cm 4 z ≔ ――= 87.75 cm 3
12 6
ESBELTEZ
Lef ‾‾‾
E
λ ≔ ―― = 13.65 Ck ≔ 0.7025 ⋅ ―= 18.343
d fc
⎛ 1 ⎛ λ ⎞4 ⎞
Nadm ≔ fc ⋅ A ⋅ ⎜1 - ―⋅ ⎜―― ⎟ ⎟ = 5777.361 kg Columna Intermedia
⎝ 3 ⎝ Ck ⎠ ⎠
Nadm = 5777.361 kg
Proyecto de Maderas
Nadm = 5777.361 kg Grupo N.º 1
π2 ⋅ E ⋅ I
Ncr ≔ ―――
Lef 2
Ncr = 19368.42 kg
1
Km ≔ ―――――
⎛ N12 ⎞
1 - ⎜1.5 ⋅ ―― ⎟
⎝ Ncr ⎠
Km = 1.189
N12 Km ⋅ M
――+ ――― = 0.417 ok
Nadm z ⋅ fm
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 2
L≔ ((0.60133 m)) + ((1.41666 m)) = 1.539 m
Sección
b ≔ 6.5 cm h ≔ 9 cm d≔b
A ≔ b ⋅ h = 58.5 cm 2
⎛⎝h ⋅ b 3 ⎞⎠ h ⋅ b2
I ≔ ――― = 205.969 cm 4 z ≔ ――= 63.375 cm 3
12 6
ESBELTEZ
Lef ‾‾‾
E
λ ≔ ―― = 18.942 Ck ≔ 0.7025 ⋅ ―= 18.343
d fc
Proyecto de Maderas
Lef ‾‾‾
λ ≔ ―― = 18.942 Grupo
Ck ≔ 0.7025
E
⋅ ―= N.º 1
18.343
d fc
E⋅A
Nadm ≔ 0.329 ⋅ ―― = 4023.297 kg Columna larga
λ2
Nadm = 4023.297 kg OK
N39 = 320 kg
Sección
b ≔ 6.5 cm h ≔ 9 cm
A ≔ b ⋅ h = 58.5 cm 2
⎛⎝b ⋅ h 3 ⎞⎠ b ⋅ h2
Ix ≔ ――― = 394.875 cm 4 zx ≔ ――= 87.75 cm 3
12 6
⎛⎝h ⋅ b 3 ⎞⎠ h ⋅ b2
Iy ≔ ――― = 205.969 cm 4 zy ≔ ――= 63.375 cm 3
12 6
I ≔ Iy z ≔ zy
ESBELTEZ
Lef Lef
λx ≔ ―― = 10.69 λy ≔ ―― = 14.802
h b
λ ≔ λy
‾‾‾
E
Ck ≔ 0.7025 ⋅ ―= 18.343 Columna intermedia
fc
⎛ 1 ⎛ λ ⎞4 ⎞
Nadm ≔ fc ⋅ A ⋅ ⎜1 - ―⋅ ⎜―― ⎟ ⎟ = 5525.502 kg
⎝ 3 ⎝ Ck ⎠ ⎠
Proyecto de Maderas
⎛ 1 ⎛ λ ⎞4 ⎞
Nadm ≔ fc ⋅ A ⋅ ⎜1 - ―⋅ ⎜―― Grupo
⎟ ⎟ = 5525.502 kg N.º 1
⎝ 3 C
⎝ k⎠ ⎠
Nadm = 5525.502 kg OK
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 2
L≔ ((1.8 m)) + ((1.41666 m)) = 2.291 m
N49 = 610 kg T
Sección
b ≔ 6.5 cm h ≔ 9 cm d≔b
A ≔ b ⋅ h = 58.5 cm 2
l ≔ Lef = 1.832 m
kg
fm ≔ 150 ――
cm 2 h = 9 cm b = 6.5 cm
kg
fT ≔ 105 ―― Npernos ≔ 2
cm 2
3
D ≔ ―in
N ≔ N49 = 610 kg 8
⎛ ⎛ ⎛ 1 ⎞⎞⎞
A ≔ h ⋅ b = 58.5 cm 2 An ≔ b ⋅ ⎜h - ⎜Npernos ⋅ ⎜D + ― in ⎟⎟⎟ = 44.054 cm 2
⎝ ⎝ ⎝ 16 ⎠⎠⎠
N kg
f`T ≔ ―― = 13.847 ―― ok
An cm 2
Lcercha ≔ 8.5 m
P kg
P ≔ 316.45 kg Plineal ≔ ―――= 37.229 ―
Lcercha m
NT ≔ 250 kg Traccion
NC ≔ 500 kg Compresion
Proyecto de Maderas
Grupo N.º 1
8.5 m
L1 ≔ ――― = 2.833 m L2 ≔ L1
3
Lef ≔ 0.4 ((L1 + L2)) = 2.267 m
Lef 2
M ≔ Plineal ⋅ ――= 23.91 kg ⋅ m
8
kg
fc ≔ 110 ⋅ ――
k≔1 cm 2
kg
E ≔ 75000 ――
L ≔ Lef = 2.267 m cm 2
kg
Lef ≔ k ⋅ L = 2.267 m fm ≔ 150 ⋅ ――
cm 2
N ≔ NC = 500 kg
M = 23.91 kg ⋅ m
Sección
b ≔ 6.5 cm
h ≔ 9 cm
d≔h
A ≔ b ⋅ h = 58.5 cm 2
⎛⎝b ⋅ h 3 ⎞⎠
I ≔ ――― = 394.875 cm 4
12
b ⋅ h2
z ≔ ――= 87.75 cm 3
6
ESBELTEZ
Lef ‾‾‾
E
λ ≔ ―― = 25.185 Ck ≔ 0.7025 ⋅ ―= 18.343
d fc
Proyecto de Maderas
Lef ‾‾‾
λ ≔ ―― = 25.185 Ck ≔ 0.7025
E
Grupo N.º 1
⋅ ―= 18.343
d fc
E⋅A ⎛
Nadm ≔ 0.329 ⋅ ―― 2
= ⎝2.276 ⋅ 10 3 ⎞⎠ kg Columna larga
λ
Nadm = 2275.74 kg
π2 ⋅ E ⋅ I
Ncr ≔ ―――
Lef 2
Ncr = 5689.123 kg
1
Km ≔ ―――――
⎛ N ⎞
1 - ⎜1.5 ⋅ ―― ⎟
⎝ Ncr ⎠
Km = 1.152
N Km ⋅ M
――+ ――― = 0.429 ok
Nadm z ⋅ fm
⎛ ⎛ ⎛ 1 ⎞⎞⎞
An ≔ b ⋅ ⎜h - ⎜Npernos ⋅ ⎜D + ― in ⎟⎟⎟ = 44.054 cm 2
A ≔ h ⋅ b = 58.5 cm 2 ⎝ ⎝ ⎝ 16 ⎠⎠⎠
N kg
f`T ≔ ―― = 5.675 ――
An cm 2
h2
z ≔ b ⋅ ― = 87.75 cm 3
6
M = 23.91 kg ⋅ m
N M
――― + ――= 0.236 ok
An ⋅ fT z ⋅ fm